Contracts Commons^™

Revisiting The License V. Sale Conundrum, Nancy S. Kim

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

This Article seeks to answer a question that has become increasingly more important as commerce moves from the tangible to the intangible—to what extent may a business use a contract to control the use of a fully paid product? The characterization of a transaction as a license or a sale determines what may be done with a product, who controls how the product may be used, and what happens in the event of a dispute. The past generation has seen a seismic shift in the way businesses distribute their products to consumers. Businesses often “license” rather than “sell” their products, …

Phinate Chona V Zesco Limited Caz Appeal No. 66/2019, Chanda Chungu

SAIPAR Case Review

No abstract provided.

Prof. E. Clive Chirwa V Zambia Railway & Another (2018/Hp/0578), Kayula James

SAIPAR Case Review

No abstract provided.

Consumer Contracts, Copyright Licensing, And Control Over Data On The Internet Of Things, Jeremey De Beer, Jules Belanger, Mohit Sethi

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

This article presents our interdisciplinary analysis of end-user license agreements and privacy policies from a sample of 22 consumer goods/services connected to the Internet of Things (IoT). We gathered data in the form of legal documents and assessed them from legal and economic perspectives. We developed an original taxonomy of IoT-connected consumer goods/services, classified different business models built around them, and reviewed legal terms and conditions related to their use.

Our analysis identifies copyright related restrictions and brings to light issues beyond copyright that merit consideration in the context of a review of copyright law and policy. First, we find …

Dispute Settlement Under The African Continental Free Trade Area Agreement: A Preliminary Assessment, Olabisi D. Akinkugbe

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

The African Continental Free Trade Area Agreement (AfCFTA) will add a new dispute settlement system to the plethora of judicial mechanisms designed to resolve trade disputes in Africa. Against the discontent of Member States and limited impact the existing highly legalized trade dispute settlement mechanisms have had on regional economic integration in Africa, this paper undertakes a preliminary assessment of the AfCFTA Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM). In particular, the paper situates the AfCFTA-DSM in the overall discontent and unsupportive practices of African States with highly legalized dispute settlement systems and similar WTO-Styled DSMs among other shortcomings. Notwithstanding the transplantation of …

Arbitration Waiver And Prejudice, Timothy Leake

Michigan Law Review

Arbitration agreements are common in commercial and consumer contracts. But two parties can litigate an arbitrable dispute in court if neither party seeks arbitration. That presents a problem if one party changes its mind and invokes its arbitration rights months or years after the lawsuit was filed and substantial litigation activity has taken place. Federal and state courts agree that a party can waive its arbitration rights by engaging in sufficient litigation activity without seeking arbitration, but they take different approaches to deciding how much litigation is too much. Two basic methods exist. Some courts say waiver requires the party …

Fraud Is Now Legal In Texas (For Some People), Val D. Ricks

Texas A&M Law Review

Three intermediate appellate courts in Texas have held that corporate actors— directors, officers, managers, shareholders, and probably common employees and agents—are immune from personal liability for fraud that they themselves commit as long as their deceit relates to or arises from a contractual obligation of the corporation. Similar actors in limited liability companies also enjoy immunity. These courts do not require that the business entities themselves be liable for the fraud. When the entities are not liable, these new holdings leave fraud victims no remedy at all, even if a jury would find fraud. One (or maybe two) Texas appellate …

Unwaivable: Public Enforcement Claims And Mandatory Arbitration, Myriam E. Gilles, Gary Friedman

Articles

This essay, written for a conference on the “pathways and hurdles” that lie ahead in consumer litigation, is the first to examine the implications of California’s recent jurisprudence holding public enforcement claims unwaivable in standard-form contracts of adhesion, and the inevitable clash with the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisional law interpreting the Federal Arbitration Act. With its rich history of rebuffing efforts to deprive citizens of public rights through private contract, California provides an ideal laboratory for exploring this escalating conflict.

The Behavioral Effects Of (Unenforceable) Contracts, Evan Starr, Jj Prescott, Norman Bishara

Articles

Do contracts influence behavior independent of the law governing their enforceability? We explore this question in the context of employment noncompetes using nationally representative data for 11,500 labor force participants. We show that noncompetes are associated with reductions in employee mobility and changes in the direction of that mobility (i.e., toward noncompetitors) in both states that do and do not enforce noncompetes. Decomposing mobility into job offer generation and acceptance, we detect no evidence of differences in job search, recruitment, or offer activity associated with noncompetes. Rather, we find that employees with noncompetes—even in states that do not enforce them—frequently …

Strategic Jubilee Holdings Order On Plaintiffs’ Motion For Partial Summary Judgment, Kelly Lee Ellerbee

Georgia Business Court Opinions

No abstract provided.

Competitive Harm From Vertical Mergers, Herbert J. Hovenkamp

All Faculty Scholarship

The antitrust enforcement Agencies' 2020 Vertical Merger Guidelines introduce a nontechnical application of bargaining theory into the assessment of competitive effects from vertical acquisitions. The economics of such bargaining is complex and can produce skepticism among judges, who might regard its mathematics as overly technical, its game theory as excessively theoretical or speculative, or its assumptions as unrealistic.

However, we have been there before. The introduction of concentration indexes, particularly the HHI, in the Merger Guidelines was initially met with skepticism but gradually they were accepted as judges became more comfortable with them. The same thing very largely happened again …

Enough Is As Good As A Feast, Noah C. Chauvin

Seattle University Law Review

Ipse Dixit, the podcast on legal scholarship, provides a valuable service to the legal community and particularly to the legal academy. The podcast’s hosts skillfully interview guests about their legal and law-related scholarship, helping those guests communicate their ideas clearly and concisely. In this review essay, I argue that Ipse Dixit has made a major contribution to legal scholarship by demonstrating in its interview episodes that law review articles are neither the only nor the best way of communicating scholarly ideas. This contribution should be considered “scholarship,” because one of the primary goals of scholarship is to communicate new ideas.

J.P. Carey Enterprises Amended Order On Cross Motions For Summary Judgment, Kelly Lee Ellerbee

Georgia Business Court Opinions

No abstract provided.

Debunking The Efficacy Of Standard Contract Boilerplate: Part I, David Spratt

Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals

Many contracts start with an introductory paragraph like this one: THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into said 5th day of June, 2020, by and between JOHN JONES (hereinafter referred to as "Jones") and MARY SMITH (hereafter referred to as "Smith"), hereinafter referred to together as "the parties." Where do I find my red pen? There are so many problems with this introduction, I might run out of ink.

Law And Covid-19, Aurelio Gurrea-Martinez, Yihan Goh, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This book is a collection of essays from scholars at Singapore Management University School of Law analysing the challenges and implications of COVID-19 from the perspective of different areas of law, including private law, corporate law, insolvency law, data protection, financial laws, public law, privacy law, commercial law, constitutional law, law and technology, and dispute resolution. It also analyses how the COVID-19 pandemic will affect the judicial system, the study of law, and the future of the legal profession. Beyond considerations of the pandemic’s influence on law and legal service delivery the authors consider how law can help facilitate the …

The Unified Field Solution To The Battle Of The Forms Under The U.N. Sales Convention, Michael P. Van Alstine

William & Mary Law Review

Ours is not an age of nuance. Simple and certain answers are the preferred course, the more so for complicated questions. But human affairs do not come in neat little boxes, and most forms of human interaction are messy, complicated, and idiosyncratic. The station of the law nonetheless is to distill commonalities, draw lines, and craft generally applicable norms of conduct. The problem is that as the subject of regulation grows in complexity and diversity, the ability of the law to make just generalizations decreases. And many fields of human activity reflect a true spectrum, such that certain rules and …

The Uniform Commercial Code Survey: Introduction, Jennifer S. Martin, Colin P. Marks, Wayne Barnes

Faculty Scholarship

The survey that follows highlights the most important developments of 2019 dealing with domestic and international sales of goods, personal property leases, payments, letters of credit, documents of title, investment securities, and secured transactions.

Implikasi Yuridis Pembatalan Perkawinan Kedua Tanpa Persetujuan Isteri Pertama Setelah Wafatnya Suami (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Agama Balikpapan Nomor : 1151/Pdt.G/2017/Pa.Bpp), Andy Akbar

Indonesian Notary

Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam mengatur bahwa azas dari perkawinan yang berlaku di Indonesia merupakan azas Monogami terbuka. Azas Monogami terbuka mengatur bahwa dalam suatu kondisi tertentu seorang suami diperbolehkan menikah lagi sampai dengan empat orang isteri. Azas Monogami tersebut disebut azas monogami terbuka. Terdapat syarat-syarat yang mendahului adanya perkawinan poligami, salah satunya adalah izin dari isteri pertama dan pengadilan, apabila tidak ada izin maka perkawinan tersebut dapat dibatalkan dengan putusan pengadilan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pembatalan perkawinan yang dilakukan oleh isteri pertama terhadap perkawinan kedua suaminya yang sudah meninggal dunia, …

Kewenangan Notaris Berkaitan Dengan Surat Pernyataan Oper Hak Atas Tanah Garapan (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 122pk/Pdt/2019), Aziza Adlien Nabila

Indonesian Notary

Tanah garapan adalah tanah kosong dan kemudian adanya penguasaan secara fisik tanpa adanya dasar hak yang resmi, notaris tidak akan membuat akta mengenai tanah garapan karena penggarap tidak punya hak apa pun terhadap tanah tersebut. Penelitian ini mengangkat permasalahan tentang bagaimana keabsahan surat pernyataan hak tanah garapan dan kewenangan notaris berkaitan dengan surat pernyataan oper hak atas tanah garapan berdasarkan putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia nomor 122PK/Pdt/2019. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier, penelitian ini menggunakan metode …

Pengaruh Gender Dalam Pembuatan Akta Notaris (Kajian Atas Transgender Dan Khuntsa), Anna Mulia Ludy

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh gender dalam pembuatan akta Notaris, dengan studi khusus pada transgender dan khuntsa. Ketika Notaris membuatkan akta, terdapat komparisi yang berisikan mengenai identitas para pihak. Saat pihak ini merupakan seorang transgender atau khuntsa, yang biasanya terdapat perbedaan antara fisik yang ditampilkan dan jenis kelamin yang terdapat di kartu identitas, maka penulisan identitas di dalam komparisi akan membingungkan. Penentuan hak para transgender dan khuntsa dalam hal kewarisan akan menjadi masalah tersendiri. Permasalahan di dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai hak kewarisan terhadap pelaku seorang berkelamin ganda (khuntsa) dan seorang transgender ditinjau dari Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia …