Perceived Dangerousness Mediates Punitive Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders: Results From A Vignette Experiment, 2023 Pennsylvania State University at Altoona
Perceived Dangerousness Mediates Punitive Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders: Results From A Vignette Experiment, Nathan E. Kruis, Kim S. Ménard, Jaeyong Choi, Nicholas J. Rowland, Tyler Frye, Rachel Kosaka, Alicia Williams
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
The current study used an experimental vignette (n = 1,093) to examine the effects of perpetrator sex and age, and victim sex and age, on simulated juror sentencing recommendations for individuals convicted of sexual offenses (ICSO). Path analyses were used to see if differences in punitive attitudes could be explained by perceptions of dangerousness participants attached to experimentally manipulated variables, as hypothesized by attribution theorists. Results show that participants consistently recommended longer sentences, higher fines, and indicated greater support for post-release sanctions for male offenders, older perpetrators, and for offenders who victimized younger adolescents. Path analysis demonstrated that perceptions of …
Hb277/Sb941: Sentencing Disparities In Tennessee, 2023 Belmont University
Hb277/Sb941: Sentencing Disparities In Tennessee, Theresa Collins, Sloane Crockett, Amani Devault-Smith, Maggie Ask, Natalie Schilling
Belmont University Research Symposium (BURS)
No abstract provided.
The Paradox Of Death Penalty Delay: A Judicial, Empirical, And Ethical Study, 2023 Trinity College
The Paradox Of Death Penalty Delay: A Judicial, Empirical, And Ethical Study, Zoë Gill
Senior Theses and Projects
The American death penalty has been at the center of political debates for decades. More specifically, the complexity of death penalty delay has gained significant attention from the public as well as the Supreme Court justices. Death penalty delay represents the time that transpires between when a capital crime is committed and when the execution is carried out. Today, more than half of all prisoners currently sentenced to death have been on death row for more than 18 years. This staggering statistic has ignited debate and divided the conservative justices from the liberal justices even more. This thesis will first …
Second Chances In Criminal And Immigration Law, 2023 University of California, Los Angeles
Second Chances In Criminal And Immigration Law, Ingrid V. Eagly
Indiana Law Journal
This Essay publishes the remarks given by Professor Ingrid Eagly at the 2022 Fuchs Lecture at Indiana University Maurer School of Law. The Fuchs Lecture was established in honor of Ralph Follen Fuchs in 2001. Professor Fuchs, who served on the Indiana University law faculty from 1946 until his retirement in 1970, was awarded the title of university professor in recognition of his scholarship, teaching, and public service. In her Fuchs lecture, Professor Eagly explores the growing bipartisan consensus behind “second chance” reforms in the state and federal criminal legal systems. These incremental reforms acknowledge racial bias, correct for past …
Enticing The Supreme Court To Hold That Physical Contact Is Not Required To Violate The Child Enticement Statute, 2023 Penn State Dickinson Law
Enticing The Supreme Court To Hold That Physical Contact Is Not Required To Violate The Child Enticement Statute, Cassidy Eckrote
Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)
The sexual exploitation of children is a growing problem in the United States. Fifty years ago, parents feared their child getting kidnapped or approached by a predator in the park. Parents today fear their child being preyed upon through the internet. As technology continues to advance, child predators satisfy their depraved desires without ever stepping foot near their victim. In response to the danger of the sexual exploitation of children, the federal government enacted the child enticement statute, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 2422(b). The statute criminalizes the enticement of a minor to engage in sexual activity. Because the federal …
Severe Mental Illness And The Death Penalty: A Menu Of Legislative Options, 2023 rbonnie@virginia.edu
Severe Mental Illness And The Death Penalty: A Menu Of Legislative Options, Richard J. Bonnie
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
In 2003, the American Bar Association established a Task Force on Mental Disability and the Death Penalty to further specify and implement the Supreme Court’s ruling banning execution of persons with intellectual disability and to consider an analogous ban against imposing the death penalty on defendants with severe mental disorders. The Task Force established formal links with the American Psychological Association, the American Psychiatric Association, and the National Alliance on Mental Illness and the final report was approved by the ABA and the participating organizations in 2005 and 2006. This brief article focuses primarily on diminished responsibility at the time …
Does The Death Penalty Still Matter: Reflections Of A Death Row Lawyer, 2023 Washington and Lee University School of Law
Does The Death Penalty Still Matter: Reflections Of A Death Row Lawyer, David I. Bruck
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
This talk was given by Professor David Bruck for the Frances Lewis Law Center at Washington and Lee University School of Law, April, 2002. It is a follow-up to “Does the Death Penalty Matter?,” given by Professor Bruck as the 1990 Ralph E. Shikes Lecture at Harvard Law School.
Bailing On Cash Bail: A Proposal To Restore Indigent Defendants’ Right To Due Process And Innocence Until Proven Guilty, 2023 Washington and Lee University School of Law
Bailing On Cash Bail: A Proposal To Restore Indigent Defendants’ Right To Due Process And Innocence Until Proven Guilty, Cydney Clark
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
The practice of cash bail in the United States is changing. For the past few decades, the cash bail system is abandoning pretrial release and shifting the burden to the defendant thereby abandoning innocence until proven guilty. Bail hearings are increasingly less individualized and discriminatory because of risk assessment tools and judicial discretion without requiring justification, leading to indigent defendants facing unprecedented detainment solely for not being able to afford bail, and thus, violating due process of law. This Note focuses on two 2021 decisions: the California Supreme Court’s decision in In re Humphrey, ruling to partially maintain cash bail, …
Removing White Hoods From The Blue Line: A Legislative Solution To White Supremacy In Law Enforcement, 2023 Washington and Lee University School of Law
Removing White Hoods From The Blue Line: A Legislative Solution To White Supremacy In Law Enforcement, Hope Elizabeth Barnes
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
On May 25, 2020, George Floyd took his final breaths. His death at the hands of multiple Minneapolis police officers was recorded by witnesses and viewed by millions. The public response to Floyd’s death was immediate and powerful. Americans were demanding change on a greater scale than ever before. The problem with policing is not Derek Chauvin, or the Minneapolis Police Department, but rather with the very institution. White supremacy is alive and well in American policing. This Note begins by examining the historic connection between white supremacist groups and law enforcement agencies. This Note then evaluates existing standards of …
The Free Exercise Of Copyright Behind Bars, 2023 University of Denver Sturm College of Law
The Free Exercise Of Copyright Behind Bars, Viva R. Moffat
Washington and Lee Law Review
People in prison produce vast amounts of creative and expressive work—from paintings and sculptures to essays, novels, music, and NFTs—but they are rarely described as artists and their work is often not described as “art.” Prisoners also do not regularly take advantage of copyright law, the primary form of protection for creative works. They should.
Copyright provides a strong set of rights that combines strains of free expression values with elements of property rights. Copyright confers dignitary and expressive benefits and, for some creators, financial rewards. As such, copyright can be a tool to help prisoners improve their lives, both …
Prosecuting The Mob: Using Rico To Create A Domestic Extremism Statute, 2023 Washington and Lee University School of Law
Prosecuting The Mob: Using Rico To Create A Domestic Extremism Statute, Samuel D. Romano
Washington and Lee Law Review
In 2021, Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas asserted that “[d]omestic violent extremism is the greatest terrorist-related threat” facing the United States. Although domestic extremism is often characterized as a lone wolf threat, it is frequently spurred on by white supremacist and neo-Nazi organizations that use the internet to radicalize their members and then avoid accountability by hiding behind constitutional protections—a strategy called “leaderless resistance.” This strategy results in devastating consequences. While the number of hate groups and hate crimes in the United States have risen to record highs, constitutional protections prevent domestic extremist organizations from being treated the same …
Federal Law Enforcement Reform: Depoliticization Into A Constitutional Framework To Restore Public Confidence, 2023 Liberty University
Federal Law Enforcement Reform: Depoliticization Into A Constitutional Framework To Restore Public Confidence, Christopher J. Boosey
Senior Honors Theses
This thesis proposes that there is a lack of public confidence in federal law enforcement agencies and that this is because these agencies have become political weapons, investigating individuals rather than crimes, in violation of the U.S. Constitution. Following multiple scandals, from the historical targeting of the Civil Rights movement to present attempts to designate parents critical of school administrators as domestic terrorists, wholesale reform of these agencies is urgent. Therefore, this thesis will address the issue of politicization, political corruption, and the lack of adherence to constitutional principles through the problem, significance, and solution method. This thesis will first …
Take The Motherless Children Off The Street: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome And The Criminal Justice System, 2023 New York Law School
Take The Motherless Children Off The Street: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome And The Criminal Justice System, Michael L. Perlin, Heather Ellis Cucolo
Articles & Chapters
Remarkably, there has been minimal academic legal literature about the interplay between fetal alcohol syndrome disorder (FASD) and critical aspects of many criminal trials, including issues related to the role of experts, quality of counsel, competency to stand trial, the insanity defense, and sentencing and the death penalty. Nor has there been any literature about the interplay between FASD-related issues and the legal school of thought known as therapeutic jurisprudence.
In this article, the co-authors will first define fetal alcohol syndrome and explain its significance to the criminal justice system. We will then look at the specific role of experts …
Trump's Indictment Stretches Us Legal System In New Ways -- A Former Prosecutor Explains 4 Key Points To Understand, 2023 William & Mary Law School
Trump's Indictment Stretches Us Legal System In New Ways -- A Former Prosecutor Explains 4 Key Points To Understand, Jeffrey Bellin
Popular Media
No abstract provided.
Understanding Mass Incarceration In The Us Is The First Step To Reducing A Swollen Prison Population, 2023 William & Mary Law School
Understanding Mass Incarceration In The Us Is The First Step To Reducing A Swollen Prison Population, Jeffrey Bellin
Popular Media
No abstract provided.
Reforming Prior Conviction Impeachment, 2023 Brooklyn Law School
Reforming Prior Conviction Impeachment, Anna Roberts, Julia Simon-Kerr
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Shielded Book Launch, 2023 Yeshiva University, Cardozo School of Law
Shielded Book Launch, Cardozo Center For Rights And Justice
Event Invitations 2023
Professor Alexander Reinert, Director of the Center for Rights and Justice, will moderate a discussion on Shielded: How the Police Became Untouchable. He will be joined by the author, Joanna Schwartz, Professor of Law at the University of California, Los Angeles. Schwartz is one of the country's leading scholars on policing.
In Shielded, Schwartz explores how the legal system protects the police from being held accountable, with insightful analyses about subjects ranging from qualified immunity to no-knock warrants. By weaving true stories of people seeking restitution for violated rights, cutting across race, gender, criminal history, tax bracket, and …
From The Editors In Chief, 2023 University of Miami School of Law
From The Editors In Chief, Kathleen Claussen, Sergio Puig, Michael Waibel
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Structure Of Criminal Federalism, 2023 Associate Research Scholar, Columbia Law School
The Structure Of Criminal Federalism, Erin C. Blondel
Notre Dame Law Review
Scholars and courts have long assumed that a limited federal government should stick to genuinely “federal” crimes and leave “local” crimes to the states. By that measure, criminal federalism has failed; federal criminal law largely overlaps with state crime, and federal prosecutors regularly do seemingly “local” cases. Despite nearly unlimited paper jurisdiction, however, the federal enforcement footprint has remained tiny and virtually static for a century. Something is strongly limiting the federal system, just not differences in substantive coverage.
The answer is different enforcement responsibilities. The police power means states alone provide basic public safety and criminal justice. Rather than …
Asymmetric Review Of Qualified Immunity Appeals, 2023 Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law
Asymmetric Review Of Qualified Immunity Appeals, Alexander A. Reinert
Articles
This article presents results from the most comprehensive study to date of the resolution of qualified immunity in the federal courts of appeals and the US Supreme Court. By analyzing more than 4000 appellate decisions issued between 2004 and 2015, this study provides novel insights into how courts of appeals resolve arguments for qualified immunity. Moreover, by conducting an unprecedented analysis of certiorari practice, this study reveals how the US Supreme Court has exercised its discretionary jurisdiction in the area of qualified immunity. The data presented here have significant implications for civil rights enforcement and the uniformity of federal law. …