Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Older Women’S Stories Of Covid-19 Loss: Communicated Narrative Sense-Making Through Photography, Anne Walker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The diverse array of challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic make it difficult to assess the full impact of this global health crisis. More than 300,000 older Americans died, leaving a nation of grieving survivors in their absence. This profound loss of life will undoubtedly inform the field’s understanding of grief and grieving for many years to come. Pre-pandemic, older women in the United States understood grief to be part of their life stage; COVID-19 amplified the grief experience through both cumulative losses and the isolation particular to the novel coronavirus response. However, few qualitative studies explore older women’s grief, …

Improving Maternal And Infant Health: A Quality Improvement Initiative To Recognize Postpartum Depression In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit., Amy Barry

Doctor of Nursing Practice Papers

BACKGROUND: While postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant problem in the postpartum population, emerging literature suggests that PPD is disproportionately concentrated and underdiagnosed among mothers of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

PURPOSE: The purpose of this project was to institute a PPD screening protocol within a Level III NICU to identify mothers exhibiting signs of distress and initiate social work referrals.

METHODS: A quality improvement project implemented utilizing the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) framework and a pre-and-posttest design.

INTERVENTION: Staff education regarding PPD symptoms and the project’s protocol occurred via electronic means. Mothers of NICU infants who remained …

Identification Of Structural Brain Alterations In Adolescents With Depressive Symptomatology, J. Bashford‑Largo, R. James R. Blair, Karina S. Blair, Matthew Dobbertin, Ahria Dominguez, Melissa Hatch, Sahil Bajaj

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Introduction: Depressive symptoms can emerge as early as childhood and may lead to adverse situations in adulthood. Studies have examined structural brain alternations in individuals with depressive symptoms, but findings remain inconclusive. Furthermore, previous studies have focused on adults or used a categorical approach to assess depression. The current study looks to identify grey matter volumes (GMV) that predict depressive symptomatology across a clinically concerning sample of adolescents.

Methods: Structural MRI data were collected from 338 clinically concerning adolescents (mean age = 15.30 SD=2.07; mean IQ = 101.01 SD=12.43; 132 F). Depression symptoms were indexed via the Mood …

Activation Of The Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Is Attenuated In Hypertensive Compared With Normotensive Pregnancy, Robin C. Shoemaker, Marko Poglitsch, Hong Huang, Katherine Vignes, Aarthi Srinivasan, Cynthia Cockerham-Morris, Aric Schadler, John Anthony Bauer, John O'Brien

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Hypertension during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, but the mechanisms of pregnancy hypertension are not precisely understood. Elevated plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentrations play an important role in the normal physiologic adaptation to pregnancy. These effectors are reduced in patients with pregnancy hypertension, creating an opportunity to define the features of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) that are characteristic of this disorder. In the current study, we used a novel LC-MS/MS-based methodology to develop comprehensive profiles of RAAS peptides and effectors over gestation in a cohort of 74 pregnant women followed prospectively for the development …

Modeling Biphasic, Non-Sigmoidal Dose-Response Relationships: Comparison Of Brain- Cousens And Cedergreen Models For A Biochemical Dataset, Venkat D. Abbaraju, Tamaraty L. Robinson, Brian P. Weiser

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Biphasic, non-sigmoidal dose-response relationships are frequently observed in biochemistry and pharmacology, but they are not always analyzed with appropriate statistical methods. Here, we examine curve fitting methods for “hormetic” dose-response relationships where low and high doses of an effector produce opposite responses. We provide the full dataset used for modeling, and we provide the code for analyzing the dataset in SAS using two established mathematical models of hormesis, the Brain-Cousens model and the Cedergreen model. We show how to obtain and interpret curve parameters such as the ED50 that arise from modeling, and we discuss how curve parameters might change …

Occupational Therapy Interventions For Patients With Substance Use Disorders: A Practitioner Guide, Mary Barrett

Student eBooks

Occupational therapy interventions for treating clients with substance use disorders. 10 modules which include a section for education, skills instruction, therapeutic activities, goal setting, and assessment tools. The areas included are coping mechanisms, health management, medication management, mental health, occupational engagement, pain management, sleep hygiene, stress management, time management, and work readiness. This project was completed as part of a capstone project at Cleveland State University by an occupational therapy doctoral student.

Prenatal Thc Exposure Induces Long-Term, Sex-Dependent Cognitive Dysfunction Associated With Lipidomic And Neuronal Pathology In The Prefrontal Cortex-Hippocampal Network, Daniel Hardy, Kendrick Lee, Steven Laviolette, Mohammed Sarikahya

Data and Test Instruments

With increasing maternal cannabis use, there is a need to investigate the lasting impact of prenatal exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychotropic compound in cannabis, on cognitive/memory function. The endocannabinoid system (ECS), which relies on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to function, plays a crucial role in regulating prefrontal cortical (PFC) and hippocampal network-dependent behaviors essential for cognition and memory. Using a rodent model of prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE), we report that male and female offspring display long-term deficits in various cognitive domains. However, these phenotypes were associated with highly divergent, sex-dependent mechanisms. Electrophysiological recordings revealed hyperactive PFC pyramidal neuron …

2022 American College Of Rheumatology Guideline For Exercise, Rehabilitation, Diet, And Additional Integrative Interventions For Rheumatoid Arthritis, Bryant R England, Benjamin J Smith, Nancy A Baker, Jennifer L Barton, Carol A Oatis, Gordon Guyatt, Allen Anandarajah, Kristine Carandang, Karmela Kim Chan, Deb Constien, Eileen Davidson, Carole V Dodge, Anita Bemis-Dougherty, Sotiria Everett, Nadine Fisher, Liana Fraenkel, Susan M Goodman, Janet Lewis, Victoria Menzies, Larry W Moreland, Iris Navarro-Millan, Sarah Patterson, Lawrence Rick Phillips, Neha Shah, Namrata Singh, Daniel White, Rawan Alheresh, Kamil E Barbour, Thomas Bye, Dana Guglielmo, Rebecca Haberman, Tate Johnson, Anatole Kleiner, Chris Y Lane, Linda C Li, Hiral Master, Daniel Pinto, Janet L Poole, Kimberly Steinbarger, Daniel Sztubinski, Louise Thoma, Vlad Tsaltskan, Marat Turgunbaev, Courtney Wells, Amy S Turner, Jonathan R Treadwell

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: To develop initial American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines on the use of exercise, rehabilitation, diet, and additional interventions in conjunction with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) as part of an integrative management approach for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

METHODS: An interprofessional guideline development group constructed clinically relevant Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO) questions. A literature review team then completed a systematic literature review and applied the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to rate the certainty of evidence. An interprofessional Voting Panel (n = 20 participants) that included 3 individuals with RA achieved consensus …

Proceedings Of The 2023 Berry Summer Thesis Institute, University Of Dayton. University Honors Program

Proceedings of the Berry Summer Thesis Institute (2013-Present)

Thanks to a gift from the Berry Family Foundation and the Berry family, the University Honors Program launched the Berry Summer Thesis Institute in 2012. The institute introduces students in the University Honors Program to intensive research, scholarship opportunities and professional development. Each student pursues a 12-week summer thesis research project under the guidance of a UD faculty mentor. This contains the product of the students' research.

Contents:

• “How Porous Materials Affect the Boundary-Layer Transition of Hypersonic Flight Vehicles” (Megan C. Sieve)
• “Ultra-Stretchable, Self-Healing, DLP 3D-Printed Elastomers for Damage-Resistant Soft Robots: A Review” (Robert M. A. Drexler)
• “Extrapolation of Scalar …

Bioinspired Polymers: Transformative Applications In Biomedicine And Regenerative Medicine., Hossein Omidian, Renae L. Wilson, Niloofar Babanejad

HPD Articles

Bioinspired polymers have emerged as a promising field in biomaterials research, offering innovative solutions for various applications in biomedical engineering. This manuscript provides an overview of the advancements and potential of bioinspired polymers in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and biomedicine. The manuscript discusses their role in enhancing mechanical properties, mimicking the extracellular matrix, incorporating hydrophobic particles for self-healing abilities, and improving stability. Additionally, it explores their applications in antibacterial properties, optical and sensing applications, cancer therapy, and wound healing. The manuscript emphasizes the significance of bioinspired polymers in expanding biomedical applications, addressing healthcare challenges, and improving outcomes. By highlighting these …

Analysis Of Interprofessional Education Inclusion Within U.S. Dental Hygiene Programs’ Curricula, Jennifer M. Pacheco

Dental Hygiene ETDs

The purpose of this study was to collect information on the implementation of IPE activities within U.S. dental hygiene programs and whether program faculty are implementing these components into their program curricula. Furthermore, the study would identify which types of IPE activities were being conducted and if these activities met the CODA standards. An original survey was sent out to dental hygiene program directors and faculty. Results revealed both programs agreed that IPE is a significant component to include in hygiene curricula to better equip students as members of the healthcare team to deliver comprehensive care. IPE activities implemented were …

Immigrational Trauma: An Assessment Of Dental Phobia And Access To Care In Undocumented Individuals, Nora J. Vences Ortiz

Dental Hygiene ETDs

The purpose of this study is to assess immigrational trauma as it relates to dental phobia in accessing care from undocumented individuals. Immigrating from a country to the United States presents with unique challenges. These challenges include language barriers, traumatic experiences and cultural factors. These individuals also have perceived notions regarding their treatment with a physician or dentist as their immigration status may or may not be revealed during their care. If reported, they face deportation to their country of origin placing them in the danger they originally fled from. Survey data was collected using REDCap and distributed to students …

An Examination Of The Associations Between Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy, Trust In Media, And Trust In Science And Scientists, Jegason Phosphorus Diviant

Psychology ETDs

Recent evidence suggests corroded trust in scientific institutions, but particularly among political conservatives. The current investigation examined the potential role of trust in conservative media sources by capturing associations between trust in politically-biased media sources, trust in science and scientists, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A total of 1,117 participants completed an online cross-sectional self-report study. Results revealed that: (1) the less trust respondents had in science and scientists, the greater their overall COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (and perceived risks and fears of COVID-19 vaccines); and (2) the more respondents trusted conservative-leaning news media sources, the greater their overall COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy …

Authorizations, Prices, And Labeling Differences Of Therapeutic Biologics Marketed In The United States And Saudi Arabia, Turki Altowairgi

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

BACKGROUND: Since 1982, Saudi Arabia (SA) and the United States (US) have seen an increase in therapeutic biologics authorization. However, each country has regulatory regulations governing the approval of these cutting-edge drugs. The high cost of biologics financially burdens healthcare systems and delays patient access to these treatments. Sometimes a company selling the same medications in various countries will have conflicting information on drug labels.

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the characteristics of therapeutic biologics authorization by the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as of December 31, 2021. The study also compared the US …

Design, Synthesis, And Evaluation Of Oleyl-Wrh Peptides For Sirna Delivery, Mrigank S Rai

Pharmaceutical Sciences (MS) Theses

The delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics across various cell membranes has always been one of the major challenges. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) containing arginine (R), tryptophan (W), and histidine (H) have been promising for siRNA delivery. Therefore, to enhance siRNA delivery and efficient silencing of the STAT3 gene, herein, we hypothesized to use of fatty acylation with oleyl chain to our newly designed cell-penetrating peptide (WRH) to evaluate their silencing efficiency in breast and ovarian cancer cells. Therefore, the oleyl conjugated (WRH)_n (n=1-4) peptides were synthesized using Fmoc/tBu solid-phase peptide chemistry, followed by purification using Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC), …

Cost Of Care Conversations: Perspectives From Rural Health Care Providers And Older Adult Patients, Karen L. Franck, Christopher Sneed, Lisa Washburn, Ann A. Berry, Victoria Niederhauser

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Older adults often struggle with health care costs. Cost of care (CoC) conversations are conversations between health care providers and patients to discuss direct and indirect costs associated with health care. These conversations have been found to increase patient compliance, but patients and health care providers often do not have these discussions. This article describes a project to provide Extension education to encourage CoC conversations for older adults and health care providers in rural counties in a southern state. To inform educational material development, 125 older adults and 51 health care providers completed surveys about their cost-related barriers to health …

Lessons Learned Adapting And Implementing Another Organization’S Program To Promote Healthy Aging, Erin Jewell, Theresa Serio, Karen Basinger, Jennifer Dixon Cravens, Lisa Mccoy, Mona Habibi, Shauna C. Henley

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Programming which promotes healthy aging may be lacking in states where nutrition and health interventions are directed earlier in life. Due to Maryland’s increasing aging population, a team of 10 University of Maryland Extension Family and Consumer Sciences educators received permission to adapt and implement the Iowa Department of Public Health’s, in partnership with the Iowa Department of Human Services and Department on Aging, Fresh Conversations program to fit the needs of Maryland’s older adults. The purpose of this manuscript is not to discuss research findings but rather to share our challenges, successes, and recommendations for adapting and implementing another …

Exposure To A Phthalate Mixture Disrupts Ovulatory Progesterone Receptor Signaling In Human Granulosa Cells In Vitro, Patrick R. Hannon, James W. Akin, Thomas E. Curry Jr

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Exposure to phthalates disrupts ovarian function. However, limited studies have investigated the effects of phthalate mixtures on ovulation, especially in women. Human granulosa cells were used to test the hypothesis that exposure to a phthalate mixture (PHTmix) disrupts progesterone (P4)/progesterone receptor (PGR) signaling, which is a crucial pathway for ovulation. In addition, progestin and cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) supplementation were tested as methods to circumvent phthalate toxicity. Granulosa cells from women undergoing in vitro fertilization were acclimated in culture to regain responsiveness to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; clinical luteinizing hormone analogue). Granulosa cells were treated with or without hCG, …

Nursing News & Views - August 2023, Joanne Miller Rn

Nursing Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Long-Term Spring Through Fall Capture Data Of Eptesicus Fuscus In The Eastern Usa Before And After White-Nose Syndrome, Molly Simonis, Lynn K. Hartzler, Joshua Campbell, Timothy C. Carter, Lisa Noelle Cooper, Katelin Cross, Katherine Etchison, Traci, R. Andrew King, Richard J. Reynolds, Yasmeen Samar, Michael Yasmeen, Sarah Stankavich, Gregory G. Turner, Megan A. Rúa

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Emerging infectious diseases threaten wildlife populations. Without well monitored wildlife systems, it is challenging to determine accurate population and ecosystem losses following disease emergence. North American temperate bats present a unique opportunity for studying the broad impacts of wildlife disease emergence, as their federal monitoring programs were prioritized in the USA throughout the 20 th century and they are currently threatened by the invasive fungal pathogen, Pseudogymnoascus destructans ( Pd ), which causes white-nose syndrome. Here we provide a long-term dataset for capture records of Eptesicus fuscus (big brown bat) across the eastern USA, spanning 16 years before and 14 …

Academic Motivation Decreases Across Adolescence For Youth With And Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Effects Of Motivation On Academic Success, Zoe Smith, Marcus Flax, Stephen P. Becker, Joshua Langberg

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

This longitudinal study examined growth trajectories of academic motivation in youth with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) across the important developmental transition from middle school to high school, and associations with academic success. Consistent with self-determination theory (SDT) of motivation, trajectories of amotivation, extrinsic motivation, and intrinsic motivation were modeled.

A Call To Action: Person-Centered Care Aligned With Reproductive Justice For Incarcerated Pregnant People With Substance Use Disorder, Essence Hairston, Aunchalee El Palmquist, Andrea K. Knittel, Kevin Mensah-Biney, Crystal M. Hayes, Amelia Mack, Hendrée E. Jones

School of Social Work Faculty Publications

Although research has proven that jails and prisons are ineffective in preventing or reducing substance use among pregnant people, the USA continues to rely heavily on the criminal legal system as its intervention. Pregnant people with an opioid use disorder are more likely to experience incarceration than pregnant people without an opioid use disorder. In some states, pregnant people are transported from jail to prison through the process of safekeeping in order to receive physical or mental health care that the jail does not provide, despite conviction status. When pregnant and postpartum safekeepers with an opioid use disorder experience incarceration, …

The Role Of Recreation In Preventing Delinquency And Misdemeanor In Children, Fidel Toker, Hatice Guclu Nergiz

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

The active role of recreation should be considered in the solution of social problems. In the elimination of the psychological and environmental causes of juvenile delinquency, the prevention of crime before it is committed must be taken as the basis rather than post-criminal rehabilitation (with recreational rehabilitation). For this purpose, researches showing that the tendency of crime and violence decrease with recreational activities were compiled by document analysis method. A wide literature search was made with appropriate keywords and these studies were interpreted with published statistical data. As a result of the research, it was found that the relationship between …

Fear Of Sin And Fear Of God: Scrupulosity Predicts Women's Daily Experiences Of Mental Contamination Following Sexual Trauma, Alyssa C. Jones, Jordyn M. Tipsword, C. Alex Brake, Emily E. Fenlon, Thomas G. Adams Jr., Jesse P. Mccann, Christal L. Badour

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Mental contamination refers to feelings of dirtiness in response to thoughts, images, or memories. Mental contamination is frequently reported after sexual trauma and is associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Differences in individuals’ views about morality and purity may influence the severity of mental contamination, though this has been studied primarily outside of samples assessed for trauma and/or PTSD. The present study addressed this gap by investigating scrupulosity as a prospective predictor of daily sexual trauma–related mental contamination and PTSD symptoms. Participants included 40 adult women with a history of sexual trauma and current sexual trauma–related mental contamination …

Histamine Excretion In Common Indoor And Hematophagous Arthropods, Simona Principato, Alvaro Romero, Chow-Yang Lee, Kathleen Campbell, Dong-Hwan Choe, Coby Schal, Zachary C. Devries

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Histamine is a biogenic amine that regulates multiple physiological functions in diverse organisms, specifically playing a central role in the mammalian immune response. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), excretes histamine in large amounts in its feces as a component of its aggregation pheromone, which contaminates homes. The potential health risks associated with the presence of indoor histamine are unclear, but to predict future exposure risks, it is critical that we understand if other arthropods excrete histamine in any discernible phylogenetic pattern. In the present study, we evaluated histamine excretion by various arthropods; specifically those commonly found …

Greater Portland Health Homeless Opioid User Service Engagement Program: Final Evaluation Report, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd, Evelyn Ali Bs, Tyler Egeland Ba, Katharine Freund Mph, Thomas Chalmers Mclaughlin Msw, Phd, Katie Rosingana Ba

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

Given the high rates of overdoses in the Bayside area of Portland, Maine, as well as the shortage of providers and services to meet the complex medical and social determinant of health (SDOH) needs of individuals who are experiencing homlessness (IWAEH), with funds from the State of Maine, Greater Portland Health and Preble Street collaborated to implement the HOUSE Program. The HOUSE Program was implemented in the Greater Portland metropolitan area with a specific focus on expanding the continuum of care at Greater Portland Health’s Bayside Homeless site to include comprehensive SUD treatment, case management and housing services to IWAEH. …

Perceptions And Experiences Of Nursing Students And Faculty Members Regarding Implementation Of The Bs-Nursing Program, Abdul Karim, Yasmin Amarsi, Yasmin Parpio, Laila Akber Cassum, Munira Amirali, Shakir Rehman

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Objective: To explore the perceptions and experiences of nursing students and faculty members regarding the implementation of the baccalaureate nursing programme in public-sector setting.
Methods: The descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study was conducted at the Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan, from April 15, 2020 to April 15, 2021, and comprised undergraduate nursing students and faculty members. Because of the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, the subjects were interviewed through telephonic call using a semi-structured interview guide. Data was analysed using the Creswell's analysis approach.
Results: Of the 15 subjects, 10(66.6%) were students aged 21-24 years; 7(70%) males and 3(30%) females. The remaining 5(33.3%) …

Effect Of Body Mass Index Percentile On Complicated Appendicitis, Postoperative Complications And Health Service Utilization Among Pediatric Patients In The United States, Nutan Hebballi

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

While overweight and obesity have been extensively studied for complicated appendicitis, postoperative complications, and health service utilization, the effects of being underweight are unknown. This dissertation assesses the associations between the body mass index (BMI) spectrum with complicated appendicitis, postoperative complications, and healthcare service utilization in pediatric patients.  A retrospective review of pediatric patients who underwent appendectomy surgery (01/01/2016-12/31/2020) was conducted using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Computed age and gender-specific BMI percentiles were categorized into underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. The 30-day postoperative complications were grouped into minor, major, and any. Healthcare service utilizations were compared …

Standard Atrial Epicardial Wire Placement Leads To Improved Atrial Signal Identification And Pacemaker Sensing, Nir Atlas, William Gibson, J Hermsen, A Harmon, J Torgeson, Lindsey Malloy-Walton, N Von Bergen

Posters

Background: Atrial arrhythmias are common after pediatric cardiac surgery and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Atrial epicardial wires (AEW), utilized to diagnose and treat atrial arrhythmias, are known to malfunction during post-operative care. There are no pediatric prospective studies examining ideal placement of AEW. Methods: This prospective multicenter pilot study compared atrial amplitudes, pacing sensitivities and thresholds via AEW placed at Bachmann’s Bundle (BB) and the right-sided interatrial groove (RSIG) versus the surgeon’s standard placement (control locations) in 26 patients aged less than six years old undergoing cardiac surgery. Participants received four total AEW - two at the …

Neuroimaging Manifestatations In Covid-19 And Its Sequelae, Abhigna M, Vikram Patil

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged as a novel pathogenic virus in late 2019, infecting millions of people with severe pulmonary infections. It spread worldwide in a short time and became a pandemic, after which the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a public health emergency. Central nervous system involvement by COVID-19 is already an established entity in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate in detail the acute and delayed neurological manifestations of COVID -19.

RESULTS: COVID-19 infection can cause various neurologic manifestations and imaging findings. The most common neuroradiological abnormality is cerebrovascular …