Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Acl Bracing: Is It Still Being Done Clinically And Does It Influence Confidence And/Or Biomechanical Performance During A Drop Vertical Jump?, Bailey Watson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures account for 60% of sports-related injuries and the gold standard for treatment is surgical intervention to replace the damaged ligament to restore function of the ACL. Braces are typically used to return to previous physical activity levels; however, there are no clear guidelines on their utilization. Beyond the physical consequences of undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery, the psychological component is often ignored.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to better understand the impact of knee bracing on both biomechanical factors and confidence following ACL reconstruction. Two aims comprise the overarching purpose; the first is …

Cannabidiol (Cbd) And Resistance Training: Does Cbd Attenuate Acute Pain?, Guillermo Pacheco

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

INTRODUCTION: Resistance training (RT) is an advantageous form of physical activity for health and performance benefits; these benefits are maximized when done strenuously. However, strenuous RT can induce acute inflammatory pain which can lead to delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Common analgesics like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can block protein synthesis, so other alternatives are needed for exercise and athletic communities to maintain physiological adaptations. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotropic cannabinoid with purported anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and analgesic properties. One of the main reasons for the use of CBD in exercise is pain alleviation; however, research in humans is limited. Therefore, the …

Grey Relational Analysis And Canonical Correlation Analysis Of Air Pollution In Three Kentucky Counties, Sarah Hartman

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Air pollution is a crucial factor that affects both the environment and public health. Various methods are available for assessing air quality and pollution levels, such as regression models, principal component analysis, and factor analysis tools. However, some of these methods present issues in multicollinearity and the nature of collected data. It is important to recognize that air pollution data is often uncertain, incomplete, and contains limited valid data points. Weather conditions and economic activities are also factors that can affect air pollution. With growing communities in Kentucky (KY), it is essential to address these factors as the state has …

Integrative Assessment And Prediction Modeling For Injury Risk Mitigation In Division 1 Female Soccer Athletes: A Comprehensive Approach Utilizing Wearable Technology, Joseph Amitrano, Juqi Lin, Gina Lewandowski, Lauren Calabrese, Dhruv Seshadri

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

There is a pressing need for effective injury prevention methods to mitigate time-loss injuries. This study aims to develop a predictive recovery model for Division 1 female soccer athletes by integrating physiological, biomechanical, and subjective wellbeing assessments. PURPOSE The growing popularity of women's sports, particularly soccer, has brought the critical issue of injury risk management. While existing literature underscores the importance of maintaining an optimal acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR) to mitigate injury risks, there remains a gap in understanding additional predictive metrics for athlete health. This deficit is pronounced in the context of women's soccer, where research focusing …

Leveraging Wearable Technology For Physiological Modeling In Guiding Return To Play Protocols For Athletes Post-Acl Reconstruction Surgery, Dhruv Seshadri, Milad Zarrinfar, Marco Giuliani, Kevin Cahill, Joseph Amitrano

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

There is a clinical need to quantify return to play when assessing athletes’ post-surgery. This study aims at developing physiological models to predict recovery time post-Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) surgery in Division 1 Football players by integration of physiological and subjective data. PURPOSE Amidst the pressure to excel in top athletic competitions, athletes frequently endure ligamentous injuries, notably ACL tears. Yet, there's no standard method for quantifying return-to-play post-ACL reconstruction, leaving rehabilitation without an objective measure to assess athletes' readiness. Holistic assessment integrating physiological and subjective measurements can facilitate return prediction. METHODS This case study evaluates two Division 1 football …

Comparing The Effect Of N-95 Vs Surgical Mask Use On Resting Metabolic Data Changes, Robert Steinberg, Alexander Rothstein, Amerigo Rossi, Alyssa Hillian, Joanne Difrancisco-Donoghue

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Face masks reduce the spread of viral respiratory particles, however, their impact on respiratory physiology requires further research. Previous studies reported negative changes in gas exchange data when wearing a surgical mask, however, breath-by-breath data has not been analyzed. PURPOSE: To compare physiological changes when wearing an N95 mask and surgical mask at rest. Variables measured include oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide ventilation (VC02), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), minute ventilation (MV), and discomfort. METHODS: 42 subjects ages 18-55 (19 men; age 22.98±3.83) were recruited. Exclusion criteria was a history of metabolic disease/claustrophobia. Respiratory and …

Responsiveness Of The Sit-To-Stand Test To Measure Lower Body Power, Jose Antonio Tan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Muscle power declines at a faster rate and demonstrates a stronger association with physical function than strength, emphasizing the growing importance of assessing muscle power. The Sit-to-Stand (STS) test is a novel test to measure lower body power that is valid and reliable, while also being portable and affordable. However, its responsiveness to change or longitudinal validity is unknown. PURPOSE: To examine the responsiveness to change of the Sit-to-Stand test in comparison to the pneumatic leg press in measuring lower body power. METHOD: 23 community-living adults, aged 50-80, were recruited. Participants underwent a full body strength training workout twice a …

Knee Injuries In Nfl Lineman -- A Correlation With Bmi, Michael Lem Md, John Bianchi Do, Austin Irwin, Robert J. Farrell Md, Cole Siegenfeld

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Knee Injuries in NFL Linemen - Correlation with BMI

Dr. Michael Lem, MD; Dr. John Bianchi, DO; Austin Irwin, OMS II; Dr. Robert Farrell, MD; Cole Siegenfeld, OMS II

Purpose:

Knee injuries are among the most common injuries suffered in the NFL which in turn can decrease a player's playing time in a given season and thus negatively impact future performance. Understanding characteristics like BMI can help modify and identify players at risk for knee injuries.

Methods and Study Design:

Data collected for this study was extracted from the official NFL database of injuries.

Reported knee injuries for offensive and …

Bioinformatics To Guide Musculoskeletal Modeling: A Retrospective Study From Olympic Water Polo Athletes, Dhruv Seshadri, Tony Del Vecchio, Hayley Whitney, Tim Gabbett

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

GNYACSM Original Research Abstract

Bioinformatics to Guide Musculoskeletal Modeling: A Retrospective Study from Olympic Water Polo Athletes

DEL VECCHIO TONY, WHITNEY HAYLEY, GABBETT TIM

Seshadri Lab; Bioengineering; Lehigh University; Bethlehem, PA

Category: Masters

Advisor / Mentor: Seshadri, Dhruv dhs223@lehigh.edu

ABSTRACT

There is a pressing need for effective injury prevention methods to mitigate time-loss injuries. This study aims to develop a robust injury risk assessment model for water polo athletes by assessing the interplay between load-response metrics, and leveraging artificial intelligence to forecast wellness based on prior assessments.

PURPOSE

Water polo athletes present with upper extremity injuries in the hip, knee, …

Effectiveness Of Mobile Health Sedentary Time Interventions In Older Adults: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Siqing Chen, Lili Yang, Carol Ewing Garber Facsm, Matthew Stults-Kolehmainen Facsm, Chenchen Wang, Yuting Yang, Qiao Yuan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

mHealth is the provision of health care and health information through mobile electronic devices.The prevalence of sedentary behaviors (SB) among older adults is increasing, underscoring the urgent need for effective mHealth interventions. Evidence of the effectiveness of mHealth in older adults is unclear. PURPOSE: The study aims to 1) explore the effects of mHealth interventions on reducing SB; and 2) examine the influence of potential moderators on mHealth interventions' effectiveness by analyzing subgroups according to participants' characteristics and intervention specifics. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials were conducted. A literature search was conducted using multiple databases …

Perceived Recovery States And Physical Fitness In Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Cadets, Lianne Emanuel, Jessie Hirsch, James Bodendorf, Amy Loin, Gregory Ioannides, Aliya Catanzarita, Joseph Schnatter, Isaac Stein, Tarek Harhash, Sean Kane, Julianne Rung, Katie Sell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets are challenged mentally, emotionally, and physically with the physical fitness requirements (e.g., Army Combat Fitness Test or ACFT) required within their military science curriculum. Common physical fitness tests such as those for strength, power, and balance can provide insight into the recovery and readiness status of tactical athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between scores on the Short Recovery and Stress Scale (SRSS) and performance on a physical fitness test battery assessing balance, mobility, body composition, muscular strength, and power in collegiate ROTC cadets. METHODS: Seventeen …

Heart Rate Response To Maximal Exercise In A Participant With C8 Spinal Cord Injury, Jessie Hirsch, Alex Rothstein, Norbert Holowat Jr, Michele Aquino, Amerigo Rossi, John P. Handrakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction are a common sequela after spinal cord injury (SCI) and typically impair cardiovascular responses to exercise. However, some individuals with cervical SCI (tetraplegia) and “complete” motor and sensory injury (AIS A) demonstrate the ability to increase heart rate (HR) above the limit achievable by vagal withdrawal alone (~110 bpm). PURPOSE: The purpose of this test was to highlight the unexpected HR response to a continuous graded exercise test. (GXT) in a wheelchair athlete with tetraplegia. METHODS: A 26-year-old male with tetraplegia after a SCI (classification neurological level of injury (NLI) C8, AIS A) …

Perceived Recovery States And Physical Fitness In Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Cadets, Lianne Emanuel, Jessie Hirsch, James Bodendorf, Amy Loin, Gregory Ioannides, Aliya Catanzarita, Tarek Harhash, Joseph Schnatter, Isaac Stein, Sean Kane, Julianne Rung, Katie Sell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets are challenged mentally, emotionally, and physically with the physical fitness requirements (e.g., Army Combat Fitness Test or ACFT) required within their military science curriculum. Common physical fitness tests such as those for strength, power, and balance can provide insight into the recovery and readiness status of tactical athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between scores on the Short Recovery and Stress Scale (SRSS) and performance on a physical fitness test battery assessing balance, mobility, body composition, muscular strength, and power in collegiate ROTC cadets. METHODS: Seventeen ROTC cadets …

Effects Of Electrical Exercise On Self-Reported Depression And Quality Of Life In Those With Spinal Cord Injury, Aj Barber, Eric Heidorn, John Mcdaniel, Cody S. Dulaney

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

One of the most common psychological disorders that occur as a result of spinal cord injury (SCI) is depression along with reductions in quality of life. Moreover, depression is correlated with quality of life. It is increasingly apparent that exercise offers an accessible and non-pharmacological intervention to ease depressive symptoms and improve quality of life. Unfortunately, access to meaningful exercise options remains challenging to those with mobility impairments such as those seen with SCI. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the chronic engagement of home-based electrical stimulation exercise (ESE) on self-reported depression and quality of life …

Effects Of Electrical Exercise And Affect On Self-Reported Anxiety In Those With Spinal Cord Injury, John Zimmerman, Eric Heidorn, John Mcdaniel, Cody S. Dulaney

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Those who have incurred a spinal cord injury (SCI) have severe and immediate changes to their lifestyle. Those with SCI have reported reduced levels of positive affect and no change in negative affect compared to controls. Also, those with SCI may have reduced opportunities for engaging in meaningful exercise either due to mobility or equipment access limitations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the chronic engagement of home-based electrical stimulation exercise (ESE) on self-reported anxiety and positive and negative affect. METHODS: 9 individuals with ASIA A or B SCI were recruited for this study. Participants …

Structuring An Undergraduate Introductory Exercise Physiology Course: Learning-Practice-Evaluation, M. Landram

Educational Practices in Kinesiology

The purpose of this paper is to outline an introductory exercise physiology course structure for instructors. This is intended for classes with 15-25 students who possess an introductory biology, chemistry, and nutrition background; however, students taking those courses concurrently may also find success with this format. The course structure follows a learning-practice-evaluation content arc that repeats over content areas throughout the term. The main components of this arc are instructor lecture, student presentation, lab activities, and high and low stakes examinations. Individual components of the course are familiar within teaching practice but are scaffolded in a way to build skills …

The Role Of Trigger Point Injections In Managing Chronic Myofascial Pain, Sathvik Srikalyani, Daniel Clearfield

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: A 48-year-old male Ex-Army Ranger who was actively involved in mixed martial arts (MMA) presented with bilateral posterior leg pain persisting for about a year. The pain radiated from his posterior legs to his calves, accompanied by tight hamstrings and enlarged, cramping calf muscles. He experienced issues with gluteal muscle engagement during squats and reduced hip range of motion. The patient had tried rest, ice baths, massages, and stretching for more than a year but the conservative measures yielded no relief. PHYSICAL EXAM: Examination revealed moderate tenderness over the posterior leg muscles, especially the hamstrings and …

Protective Factors Of Low Bone Mineral Density: An Examination Between Two Samples Of Premenopausal Women, Charlene Norgan Radler, Christine M. Florez, Colin Wilborn, Lem Taylor, Ariane Hollub Secrest

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

While minimal longitudinal data exists to support osteoporosis screening among premenopausal women, an increasingly modernized society may contribute to modifiable osteoporosis risk factors including poor nutrition and low physical activity. Evaluation of bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition differences in populations with varied levels of physical activity is of importance. PURPOSE: The purpose of the current research was to determine if there is a difference across body composition measurements including total lean mass, body mass index (BMI), and BMD among a subset of physically active premenopausal women (ACTIVE) at a small, southern Christian university compared to premenopausal women …

An Alternate To Accumulated Oxygen Deficit (Aod) For Measuring Anaerobic Contribution: ‘Aodalt’ Is Valid In Normoxia And Hypoxia, Austin Shaw, John Michael Mihalek, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) is the gold standard measure of anaerobic contribution; however, its calculation requires several contentious assumptions and it is time-consuming, requiring participants to perform a number of submaximal exercise bouts to establish exercise efficiency. A new method, AODalt, requires performance of only a single bout of exercise, and is based on the presumption that the fast phase of the post-exercise oxygen uptake (VO₂) profile reflects the alactic or phosphocreatine (PCr) contribution and that the exercise-induced increase in blood lactate concentration is quantitatively related to the lactic or glycolytic contribution representing a measure of total anaerobic …

Backpack Load And Unload Influence On Positional Parameters In The Static Posture Of College Students, Katya Mata, Hevan Nieto, Bryon C. Applequist, Breanna Morales

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The investigation into the load carrying of military applications and children with a disability has been thoroughly evaluated. A population that has been largely ignored, though they are subjected to load carrying daily is the college student. College students often carry books and notebooks from class to class and can be subjected to substantial loads. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of backpack load on positional parameters of static posture in college students. METHODS: Nineteen college-aged students (n = 19, Age = 21.4 ± 1.3 years, Height = 1.7 ± .1 m, Weight = 66.7 …

The Caloric Cost Of Self-Paced Exercise In Full Body Tabata, Treadmill Running Tabata, And Continuous Running, Austin Dunn, James R. Rowe

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Weight management via exercise is critical in both athletic and general populations. It is unclear what modality of exercise elicits the greatest caloric efficiency. PURPOSE: To compare the energy expenditure of three different exercise regimens when performed at a self-selected pace. METHODS: Recreationally active men (n=3) and women (n=4) performed 3 separate exercise bouts at a self-selected pace: total body Tabata (TBT), treadmill running Tabata (TRT), and continuous running (CONT) in a counterbalanced manner with at least 48h between bouts. Trials consisted of a 10-minute rest period, 5-minute warmup, 25-minute exercise bout, and a 25-minute recovery period. TBT consisted …

The Ability Of Cardiac Autonomic Modulations Stress Index To Independently Predict Vo2max In Cardiometabolically Healthy Individuals, Leticia C. De Souza, Ricardo Torres, Chris Wynveen, Leroy Bolden, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Leslee Funderburk, Jeffrey S. Forsse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) is crucial for heart health, mediated by the sympathetic and autonomic systems (SAS). The link between CAM and aerobic exercise underscores the importance of aerobic fitness assessments in optimizing training to enhance performance. Heart rate variability (HRV) assesses CAM in various healthy populations, with the Stress Index (SI) identified as key in determining the SAS regulation involvement in performance and recovery outcomes. The SI may provide a quick and non-invasive metric to assess aerobic performance. PURPOSE: To determine if the SI can accurately predict aerobic performance via VO₂max in healthy individuals free of metabolic …

Seasonal Shifts In Jumping Patterns: A Study Of Countermovement Jump Strategies In High School Football Athletes, Alexa L. Lobato, Samuel T. Lauman, Lindsey C. Hartland, Lucy H. Phan, John P. Abt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Modern sporting trends have begun to adopt sport science and load monitoring to identify in-season trends with the goal of improving performance and reducing injury. Although these resources have become increasingly common in professional and collegiate sports, many high school athletic programs have yet to adopt such technologies. While previous research has demonstrated season-long changes in jump performance, no research has investigated the impact of in-season demands on the changes in jump strategy in male high school football athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in jump strategy in high school football players over a …

Comparison Of 15 Minutes And 30 Minutes Of Moderate Intensity Exercise On Natural Killer Cell Levels In Blood, Nathan Fuentes, Rebekah Hunt, Rachel Banh, Lynssie Mcbride, Macarthur Bolden Iii, Karla Laurea, Emily Lavoy

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Exercise has been shown to significantly mobilize white blood cells, such as Natural Killer (NK) cells, transiently into circulation. NK cells are a key part of the innate immune system that can quickly destroy infected cells and can serve as a first line of defense against pathogens. However, the duration of exercise that is needed to significantly increase these cells has yet to be established. PURPOSE: Comparing the effects of 15 minutes vs 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise on the levels of total NK cells, CD16+, and CD57+ NK cells circulating within the blood. METHODS: 9 healthy male …

Countermovement Jump Performance Trends In High School Football Players Throughout A Competitive Season, Samuel T. Lauman, Alexa L. Lobato, Lindsey C. Hartland, Lucy H. Phan, John P. Abt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Football is the largest participation sport amongst male high school athletes in the country with over one million participants. Previous research has demonstrated that countermovement jump (CMJ) performance is negatively affected by in-season fatigue in contact sports such as rugby and hockey. However, little data are available to describe how CMJ performance and force metrics change in high school athletes throughout a competitive football season. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in strength and power metrics in high school football players over a single football season. METHODS: Sixty-nine male high school football athletes …

Correlation Between Allostatic Load And Endothelial Function, Ethan Joergensen, Justo Perez, Jasdeep Kaur

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Allostasis refers to the body’s innate adaptive ability to maintain homeostasis following exposure to acute and dynamic stressors. Chronic exposure to physical and/or psychological stress can lead to dysregulation of this stress response mechanism, leading to physiological dysfunction. The aggregate result of these stressors on the body is measured by calculating an individual’s allostatic load (AL), which is a score that represents the magnitude of degenerative stress-related physiological changes present in the body by assessing a variety of pertinent biomarkers and physical measurements. PURPOSE – Our goal in this study was to examine the concept of allostatic overload as it …

The Effects Of Blue Light Exposure On Measures Of Lower-Body Strength And Power, Noah Reinertz, Brett Crossland Dr, Rigby B. Rhett, Alvis Hunter

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Recently blue light exposure at night has received negative attention due to its ability to interrupt the sleep-wake cycle through reducing melatonin production and increasing alertness. However, when individuals are exposed to blue light in the morning a number of positive benefits have been observed such as; decreases in depressive symptoms, increases in cognitive function, decreases in reaction time, and increases in alertness. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if blue light exposure in the early morning was capable of increasing measures of lower-body strength and power. METHODS: A repeated measures crossover design was used …

Regaining Strength And Range Of Motion In A Young Adult Male With Spastic Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy Through Locomotor Training, Vanessa Mikan Phd, Jay Hannath, Landry Gilpin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a condition that is attributed to some degree of brain damage that interferes with the ability of muscles to function normally. There is minimal understanding about the effects of physiotherapy on individuals with CP because there has been a lack of research on CP focused therapeutic designs due to the hands-on, single-subject nature of this research. However, improvements in the ability to independently walk short distances using an assistive walker have been documented as a result of locomotor training in children with CP. PURPOSE: To design and trial a harness-assisted treadmill apparatus (HATA) to enhance flexibility, …

The Effect Of Beetroot Juice Supplementation On Muscle Fatigue: A Meta-Analysis, Xavier A. Vara, Edward Hwang, Kyungun Kim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Dietary supplementation with beetroot juice has been reported its positive effects on diverse 5 aspects of sports performance, but its effect on muscle fatigue remains unclear. PURPOSE: The 6 purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the effect of beetroot juice supplement on muscle 7 fatigue assessed by changes in strength or power outputs. METHODS: The meta-analysis 8 followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. 9 Through the comprehensive search using major databases including Science Direct, PubMed 10 (MEDLINE), SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Academic Search Complete, 215 relevant 11 studies were identified. Three search …

Understanding Health Needs In Rural Communities To Lead To Optimal Intervention, Minte J. Dye, Claire C. Baetge, Katelyn Murphy, Mikayla Cole, Miquela Smith, Megan Mcclendon, Mark D. Faries

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Increased autonomy can lead to better health behaviors and outcomes in rural communities, through improved motivation, supporting personal choice in health decisions, and maintaining trust in community-focused responses. However, public health initiatives often require rigorous, time-consuming methodologies, thus limiting timely assessment of health-related needs and concern and hindering autonomy support and educational program/resource response—particularly when urgency is required. PURPOSE: To evaluate a novel, brief qualitative assessment of immediate needs in rural communities across Texas. This project was a part of a program and resource development phase of a statewide project, Community Conversations on Health, in partnership with the …