Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Mycoplasma Genitalium In The Us (Mygenius): Surveillance Data From Sexual Health Clinics In 4 Us Regions, Lisa E Manhart, Gina Leipertz, Olusegun O Soge, Stephen J Jordan, Candice Mcneil, Preeti Pathela, Hilary Reno, Karen Wendel, Anika Parker, William M Geisler, Damon Getman, Matthew R Golden, Mygenius Study Team

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is on the CDC Watch List of Antimicrobial Resistance Threats, yet there is no systematic surveillance to monitor change.

METHODS: We initiated surveillance in sexual health clinics in 6 cities, selecting a quota sample of urogenital specimens tested for gonorrhea and/or chlamydia. We abstracted patient data from medical records and detected MG and macrolide-resistance mutations (MRMs) by nucleic acid amplification testing. We used Poisson regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs, adjusting for sampling criteria (site, birth sex, symptom status).

RESULTS: From October-December 2020 we tested 1743 urogenital specimens: 57.0% from males, 46.1% …

Comorbidity Clusters And In-Hospital Outcomes In Patients Admitted With Acute Myocardial Infarction In The Usa: A National Population-Based Study, Salwa Zghebi, Martin Rutter, Louise Sun, Waqas Ullah, Muhammad Rashid, Darren Ashcroft, Douglas Steinke, Stephen Weng, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Mamas Mamas

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of multimorbidity in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is increasing. It is unclear whether comorbidities cluster into distinct phenogroups and whether are associated with clinical trajectories.

METHODS: Survey-weighted analysis of the United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of AMI in 2018. In-hospital outcomes included mortality, stroke, bleeding, and coronary revascularisation. Latent class analysis of 21 chronic conditions was used to identify comorbidity classes. Multivariable logistic and linear regressions were fitted for associations between comorbidity classes and outcomes.

RESULTS: Among 416,655 AMI admissions included in the analysis, mean (±SD) age …

Multivariate Gwas Of Alzheimer's Disease Csf Biomarker Profiles Implies Grin2d In Synaptic Functioning, Alexander Neumann, Jigyasha Timsina, Thomas W Marsh, Priyanka Gorijala, Carlos Cruchaga, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have identified several risk loci, but many remain unknown. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers may aid in gene discovery and we previously demonstrated that six CSF biomarkers (β-amyloid, total/phosphorylated tau, NfL, YKL-40, and neurogranin) cluster into five principal components (PC), each representing statistically independent biological processes. Here, we aimed to (1) identify common genetic variants associated with these CSF profiles, (2) assess the role of associated variants in AD pathophysiology, and (3) explore potential sex differences.

METHODS: We performed GWAS for each of the five biomarker PCs in two multi-center studies (EMIF-AD …

The Association Of Long-Term Exposure To Criteria Air Pollutants, Fine Particulate Matter Components, And Airborne Trace Metals With Late-Life Brain Amyloid Burden In The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (Aric) Study, Erin E Bennett, Dean F Wong, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Studies suggest associations between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and outcomes related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether a link exists between pollutants and brain amyloid accumulation, a biomarker of AD, is unclear. We assessed whether long-term air pollutant exposures are associated with late-life brain amyloid deposition in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants.

METHODS: We used a chemical transport model with data fusion to estimate ambient concentrations of PM

RESULTS: At PET imaging, eligible participants (N = 318) had a mean age of 78 years, 56% were female, 43% were Black, and 27% had mild cognitive impairment. We …

Neurologic Outcomes For Adult Spinal Cord Ependymomas Stratified By Tumor Location: A Retrospective Cohort Study And 2-Year Outlook, Keanu Chee, Grégoire P Chatain, Michael W Kortz, Stephanie Serva, Keshari Shrestha, Timothy H Ung, Jens-Peter Witt, Michael Finn

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Determine whether craniocaudal spinal cord tumor location affects long-term neurologic outcomes in adults diagnosed with spinal ependymomas (SE). A retrospective cohort analysis of patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent surgical resection for SE over a ten-year period was conducted. Tumor location was classified as cervical, thoracic, or lumbar/conus. Primary endpoints were post-operative McCormick Neurologic Scale (MNS) scores at < 3 days, 6 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years. One-way ANOVA was performed to detect significant differences in MNS scores between tumor locations. Twenty-eight patients were identified. The average age was 44.2 ± 15.4 years. Sixteen were male, and 13 were female. There were 10 cervical-predominant SEs, 13 thoracic-predominant SEs, and 5 lumbar/conus-predominant SEs. No significant differences were observed in pre-operative MNS scores between tumor locations (p = 0.73). One-way ANOVA testing demonstrated statistically significant differences in post-operative MNS scores between tumor locations at < 3 days (p = 0.03), 6 weeks (p = 0.009), and 1 year (p = 0.003); however, no significant difference was observed between post-operative MNS scores at 2 years (p = 0.13). The mean MNS score for patients with thoracic SEs were higher at all follow-up time points. Tumors arising in the thoracic SE are associated with worse post-operative neurologic outcomes in comparison to SEs arising in other spinal regions. This is likely multifactorial in etiology, owing to both anatomical differences including spinal cord volume as well as variations in tumor characteristics. No significant differences in 2-year MNS scores were observed, suggesting that patients ultimately recover from neurological insult sustained at the time of surgery.

Methamphetamine-Induced Region-Specific Transcriptomic And Epigenetic Changes In The Brain Of Male Rats, Benpeng Miao, Xiaoyun Xing, Viktoriia Bazylianska, Pamela Madden, Anna Moszczynska, Bo Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Psychostimulant methamphetamine (METH) is neurotoxic to the brain and, therefore, its misuse leads to neurological and psychiatric disorders. The gene regulatory network (GRN) response to neurotoxic METH binge remains unclear in most brain regions. Here we examined the effects of binge METH on the GRN in the nucleus accumbens, dentate gyrus, Ammon's horn, and subventricular zone in male rats. At 24 h after METH, ~16% of genes displayed altered expression and over a quarter of previously open chromatin regions - parts of the genome where genes are typically active - showed shifts in their accessibility. Intriguingly, most changes were unique …

Bap1 Promotes Osteoclast Function By Metabolic Reprogramming, Nidhi Rohatgi, Wei Zou, Yongjia Li, Kevin Cho, Patrick L Collins, Eric Tycksen, Gaurav Pandey, Carl J Deselm, Gary J Patti, Anwesha Dey, Steven L Teitelbaum

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Treatment of osteoporosis commonly diminishes osteoclast number which suppresses bone formation thus compromising fracture prevention. Bone formation is not suppressed, however, when bone degradation is reduced by retarding osteoclast functional resorptive capacity, rather than differentiation. We find deletion of deubiquitinase, BRCA1-associated protein 1 (Bap1), in myeloid cells (Bap1

Sedentary Bout Patterns And Metabolic Health In The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latino Youth (Sol Youth)., Jordan A. Carlson, Paul R. Hibbing, Bethany Forseth, Keith M. Diaz, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Carolina M. Bejarano, Andrea T. Duran, Sheila F. Castañeda, Melawhy L. Garcia, Krista M. Perreira, Martha L. Daviglus, Linda Van Horn, Marc D. Gellman, Carmen R. Isasi, Jianwen Cai, Alan M. Delamater, Vincent S. Staggs, John Thyfault, Linda C. Gallo

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background There is limited evidence on the potential negative metabolic health impacts of prolonged and uninterrupted sedentary bouts in structurally disadvantaged youth. This study investigated associations between sedentary bout variables and metabolic health markers in the Hispanic Community Health Study/SOL Youth (Study of Latino Youth). Methods and Results SOL Youth was a population-based cohort of 1466 youth (age range, 8-16 years; 48.5% female); 957 youth were included in the analytic sample based on complete data. Accelerometers measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), total sedentary time, and sedentary bout patterns (daily time spent in sedentary bouts ≥30 minutes, median sedentary bout duration, …

Randomized Controlled Trial Of Mechanical Thrombectomy Vs Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis For Acute Hemodynamically Stable Pulmonary Embolism: Rationale And Design Of The Peerless Study, Carin F. Gonsalves, C Michael Gibson, Stefan Stortecky, Roger A Alvarez, Daren M Beam, James M Horowitz, Mitchell J Silver, Catalin Toma, John H Rundback, Stuart P Rosenberg, Craig D Markovitz, Thomas Tu, Wissam A Jaber

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The identification of hemodynamically stable pulmonary embolism (PE) patients who may benefit from advanced treatment beyond anticoagulation is unclear. However, when intervention is deemed necessary by the PE patient's care team, data to select the most advantageous interventional treatment option are lacking. Limiting factors include major bleeding risks with systemic and locally delivered thrombolytics and the overall lack of randomized controlled trial (RCT) data for interventional treatment strategies. Considering the expansion of the pulmonary embolism response team (PERT) model, corresponding rise in interventional treatment, and number of thrombolytic and nonthrombolytic catheter-directed devices coming to market, robust evidence is needed …

State Public Assistance Spending And Survival Among Adults With Cancer, Justin M Barnes, Kenton J Johnston, Kimberly J Johnson, Fumiko Chino, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Social determinants of health contribute to disparities in cancer outcomes. State public assistance spending, including Medicaid and cash assistance programs for socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals, may improve access to care; address barriers, such as food and housing insecurity; and lead to improved cancer outcomes for marginalized populations.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether state-level public assistance spending is associated with overall survival (OS) among individuals with cancer, overall and by race and ethnicity.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included US adults aged at least 18 years with a new cancer diagnosis from 2007 to 2013, with follow-up through 2019. Data …

Development And Replication Of Objective Measurements Of Social Visual Engagement To Aid In Early Diagnosis And Assessment Of Autism, Warren Jones, Cheryl Klaiman, Shana Richardson, Meena Lambha, Morganne Reid, Taralee Hamner, Chloe Beacham, Peter Lewis, Jose Paredes, Laura Edwards, Natasha Marrus, John N Constantino, Sarah Shultz, Ami Klin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Autism spectrum disorder is a common and early-emerging neurodevelopmental condition. While 80% of parents report having had concerns for their child's development before age 2 years, many children are not diagnosed until ages 4 to 5 years or later.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an objective performance-based tool to aid in early diagnosis and assessment of autism in children younger than 3 years.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In 2 prospective, consecutively enrolled, broad-spectrum, double-blind studies, we developed an objective eye-tracking-based index test for children aged 16 to 30 months, compared its performance with best-practice reference standard diagnosis of autism (discovery study), …

Conditional Risks Of Biochemical Failure And Prostate Cancer-Specific Death In Patients Undergoing External Beam Radiotherapy: A Secondary Analysis Of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials, Gregory S. Alexander, Rebecca F Krc, James W Assif, Kai Sun, Jason K Molitoris, Phuoc Tran, Zaker Rana, Søren M Bentzen, Mark V Mishra

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: As patients achieve years of survival after treatment for prostate cancer, the risk of biochemical failure (BF) or prostate cancer-specific death (PCSD) may evolve over time, with clinical relevance to both patients and clinicians.

OBJECTIVE: To determine conditional BF-free survival, PSCD, and overall survival estimates for patients with low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer enrolled in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0126 and RTOG 0415 clinical trials. A secondary objective was to determine whether prognostic factors at diagnosis remain relevant at later points in follow-up.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A pooled secondary analysis of patients treated with external-beam radiotherapy …

An Intraoperative Telemedicine Program To Improve Perioperative Quality Measures: The Actfast-3 Randomized Clinical Trial, Christopher R King, Stephen Gregory, Bradley A Fritz, Thaddeus P Budelier, Arbi Ben Abdallah, Alex Kronzer, Daniel L Helsten, Brian Torres, Sherry Mckinnon, Shreya Goswami, Divya Mehta, Omokhaye Higo, Paul Kerby, Bernadette Henrichs, Mary C Politi, Joanna Abraham, Michael S Avidan, Thomas Kannampallil, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Telemedicine for clinical decision support has been adopted in many health care settings, but its utility in improving intraoperative care has not been assessed.

OBJECTIVE: To pilot the implementation of a real-time intraoperative telemedicine decision support program and evaluate whether it reduces postoperative hypothermia and hyperglycemia as well as other quality of care measures.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-center pilot randomized clinical trial (Anesthesiology Control Tower-Feedback Alerts to Supplement Treatments [ACTFAST-3]) was conducted from April 3, 2017, to June 30, 2019, at a large academic medical center in the US. A total of 26 254 adult surgical patients …

Parental Diabetes Distress Is A Stronger Predictor Of Child Hba1c Than Diabetes Device Use In School-Age Children With Type 1 Diabetes., Susana R. Patton, Nicole Kahhan, Jessica S. Pierce, Matthew Benson, Larry A. Fox, Mark A. Clements

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes distress (DD) describes the unrelenting emotional and behavioral challenges of living with, and caring for someone living with, type 1 diabetes (T1D). We investigated associations between parent-reported and child-reported DD, T1D device use, and child glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in 157 families of school-age children.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Parents completed the Parent Problem Areas in Diabetes-Child (PPAID-C) and children completed the Problem Areas in Diabetes-Child (PAID-C) to assess for DD levels. Parents also completed a demographic form where they reported current insulin pump or continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use (ie, user/non-user). We measured child HbA1c using a valid …

A Shorter Door-In-Door-Out Time Is Associated With Improved Outcome In Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke., Adam Sigal, Derek L Isenberg, Chadd K Kraus, Daniel Ackerman, Joseph Herres, Ethan S Brandler, Alexander Kuc, Jason T Nomura, Derek R Cooney, Michael T Mullen, Huaqing Zhao, Nina T Gentile

Einstein Health Papers

Introduction: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) significantly improves outcomes in large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS). When a patient with a LVOS arrives at a hospital that does not perform EVT, emergent transfer to an endovascular stroke center (ESC) is required. Our objective was to determine the association between door-in-door-out time (DIDO) and 90-day outcomes in patients undergoing EVT. Methods: We conducted an analysis of the Optimizing Prehospital Stroke Systems of Care-Reacting to Changing Paradigms (OPUS-REACH) registry of 2,400 LVOS patients treated at nine ESCs in the United States. We examined the association between DIDO times and 90-day outcomes as measured by the …

Trochanteric Bolt Failure In A Modular Femoral Revision System., Daniel Acevedo, Justin E Trapana, David Constantinescu, Jaime Alberto Carvajal Alba

HPD Articles

With the incidence of primary total hip arthroplasty continuing to rise in the United States, the innovation behind improving current total hip arthroplasty systems inevitably grows with it-each new design potentially ushering in new flaws. We report a case of screw failure with the Arcos Modular Femoral Revision System-Trochanteric Bolt and Claw Technique in a 74-year-old male patient. The patient presented to the investigator's clinic for their 20-month follow-up evaluation of their complex right hip revision. Radiographs revealed failure of the screw attaching the claw plate to the stem resulting in dislodgement and relocation of the screw within the intra-articular …

Evaluation Of Field Sobriety Tests For Identifying Drivers Under The Influence Of Cannabis: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Thomas D Marcotte, Anya Umlauf, David J Grelotti, Emily G Sones, Kyle F Mastropietro, Raymond T Suhandynata, Marilyn A. Huestis, Igor Grant, Robert L Fitzgerald

Institute of Emerging Health Professions Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: With increasing medicinal and recreational cannabis legalization, there is a public health need for effective and unbiased evaluations for determining whether a driver is impaired due to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure. Field sobriety tests (FSTs) are a key component of the gold standard law enforcement officer-based evaluations, yet controlled studies are inconclusive regarding their efficacy in detecting whether a person is under the influence of THC.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the classification accuracy of FSTs with respect to cannabis exposure and driving impairment (as determined via a driving simulation).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel randomized clinical trial was …

Microglial Rev-Erbα Regulates Inflammation And Lipid Droplet Formation To Drive Tauopathy In Male Mice, Jiyeon Lee, Julie M Dimitry, Jong Hee Song, Minsoo Son, Patrick W Sheehan, Melvin W King, G Travis Tabor, Young Ah Goo, Mitchell A Lazar, Leonard Petrucelli, Erik S Musiek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alzheimer's disease, the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by tau aggregation and associated with disrupted circadian rhythms and dampened clock gene expression. REV-ERBα is a core circadian clock protein which also serves as a nuclear receptor and transcriptional repressor involved in lipid metabolism and macrophage function. Global REV-ERBα deletion has been shown to promote microglial activation and mitigate amyloid plaque formation. However, the cell-autonomous effects of microglial REV-ERBα in healthy brain and in tauopathy are unexplored. Here, we show that microglial REV-ERBα deletion enhances inflammatory signaling, disrupts lipid metabolism, and causes lipid droplet (LD) accumulation specifically in male …

Bioaccumulation Of Non-Essential Trace Elements Detected In Women's Follicular Fluid, Urine, And Plasma Is Associated With Poor Reproductive Outcomes Following Single Euploid Embryo Transfer: A Pilot Study, Andrea Palomar, Roberto Gonzalez-Martin, Alicia Quiñonero, Nuria Pellicer, Rocio Fernandez-Saavedra, Isabel Rucandio, Rodolfo Fernandez-Martinez, Estefania Conde-Vilda, Alberto J. Quejido, Caroline Zuckerman, Christine Whitehead, Richard T. Scott, Francisco Dominguez

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

This study aims to determine the association of non-essential trace elements present in follicular fluid, plasma, and urine with reproductive outcomes of women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) and single frozen euploid embryo transfer (SET/FET). This single-center, prospective cohort study included sixty women undergoing ICSI with PGT-A and SET/FET between 2018 and 2019. Urine, plasma and follicular fluid samples were collected on the vaginal oocyte retrieval day to simultaneously quantify ten non-essential trace elements (i.e., Ba, Sr, Rb, Sn, Ti, Pb, Cd, Hg, Sb, and As). We found several associations between the levels of …

Atypical Intraparenchymal Meningioma With Yap1-Maml2 Fusion In A Young Adult Male: A Case Report And Mini Literature Review., Alisa Nobee, Mei Xu, Anjali Seth, Yuan Rong

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Oncogenic Yes-associated protein (YAP) 1 fusions have been recently identified in several cases of meningioma mostly involving pediatric patients. The meningiomas harboring YAP1-MAML2, which is the most frequent fusion subtype, exhibit activated YAP1 signaling and share similarities with NF2 (neurofibromatosis type 2 gene) mutant meningiomas. We reported a rare case of atypical intraparenchymal meningioma with YAP1-MAML2 fusion in a 20-year-old male. The patient presented with an episode of seizure without a medical history. MRI revealed a lesion in the right temporal lobe without extra-axial involvement. The radiological and morphological findings, however, were indistinctive from other intracranial diseases, e.g., vascular malformation …

Influence Of Participant And Reviewer Characteristics In Application Scores For A Hematology Research Training Program, Sara K Vesely, Allison King, Emily Vettese, John G Heller, Adam Cuker, Cecelia Calhoun, Wendy Stock, Morgan Homer, Josel Fritz, Lillian Sung

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The American Society of Hematology Clinical Research Training Institute (CRTI) is a clinical research training program with a competitive application process. The objectives were to compare application scores based on applicant and reviewer sex and underrepresented minority (URM) status. We included applications to CRTI from 2003 to 2019. The application scores were transformed into a scale from 0 to 100 (100 was the strongest). The factors considered were applicant and reviewer sex and URM status. We evaluated whether there was an interaction between the characteristics and time related to application scores. In total, 713 applicants and 2106 reviews were included. …

Persistence To Anti-Cgrp Monoclonal Antibodies And Onabotulinumtoxina Among Patients With Migraine: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Larry Charleston, Brian Talon, Christine Sullivan, Carlton Anderson, Steven Kymes, Stephane A. Regnier, Seema Soni-Brahmbhatt, Stephanie J. Nahas

Department of Jefferson Headache Center papers and presentations

BACKGROUND: To date, real-world evidence on persistence to anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (anti-CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or onabotulinumtoxinA have excluded eptinezumab. This retrospective cohort study was performed to compare treatment persistency among patients with migraine on anti-CGRP mAbs (erenumab, fremanezumab, galcanezumab, or eptinezumab) or onabotulinumtoxinA.

METHODS: This retrospective study used IQVIA PharmMetrics data. Adult patients with migraine treated with an anti-CGRP mAb or onabotulinumtoxinA who had 12 months of continuous insurance enrollment before starting treatment were included. A "most recent treatment episode" analysis was used in which the most recent episode was defined as the latest treatment period with the same …

Infants Admitted To Us Intensive Care Units For Rsv Infection During The 2022 Seasonal Peak., Natasha Halasa, Laura D. Zambrano, Justin Z. Amarin, Laura S. Stewart, Margaret M. Newhams, Emily R. Levy, Steven L. Shein, Christopher L. Carroll, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Marian G. Michaels, Katherine Bline, Melissa L. Cullimore, Laura Loftis, Vicki L. Montgomery, Asumthia S. Jeyapalan, Pia S. Pannaraj, Adam J. Schwarz, Natalie Z. Cvijanovich, Matt S. Zinter, Aline B. Maddux, Melania M. Bembea, Katherine Irby, Danielle M. Zerr, Joseph D. Kuebler, Christopher J. Babbitt, Mary Glas Gaspers, Ryan A. Nofziger, Michele Kong, Bria M. Coates, Jennifer E. Schuster, Shira J. Gertz, Elizabeth H. Mack, Benjamin R. White, Helen Harvey, Charlotte V. Hobbs, Heda Dapul, Andrew D. Butler, Tamara T. Bradford, Courtney M. Rowan, Kari Wellnitz, Mary Allen Staat, Cassyanne L. Aguiar, Saul R. Hymes, Adrienne G. Randolph, Angela P. Campbell, Rsv-Pic Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and infant hospitalization worldwide.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of RSV-related critical illness in US infants during peak 2022 RSV transmission.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used a public health prospective surveillance registry in 39 pediatric hospitals across 27 US states. Participants were infants admitted for 24 or more hours between October 17 and December 16, 2022, to a unit providing intensive care due to laboratory-confirmed RSV infection.

EXPOSURE: Respiratory syncytial virus.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Data were captured on demographics, …

Pharmacokinetics Of Moxidectin Combined With Albendazole Or Albendazole Plus Diethylcarbamazine For Bancroftian Filariasis, Yashpal S. Chhonker, Catherine Bjerum, Veenu Bala, Allassane F. Ouattara, Benjamin G. Koudou, Toki P. Gabo, Abdullah Alshehri, Abdoulaye Meïté, Peter U. Fischer, Gary J. Weil, Christopher L. King, Philip J. Budge, Daryl J. Murry

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Moxidectin (MOX) is a milbemycin endectocide recently approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of onchocerciasis in persons at least 12 years of age. MOX has been shown to have a good safety profile in recent clinical trials. The efficacy of MOX for the treatment of lymphatic filariasis (LF) and its potential use in mass drug administration protocols for the elimination of LF is currently under evaluation. In the context of a clinical trial, we investigated the pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of a combination of MOX plus albendazole (ALB) with or without diethylcarbamazine (DEC) compared to ivermectin (IVM) plus …

Alcohol Consumption Among Adults With A Cancer Diagnosis In The All Of Us Research Program, Mengyao Shi, Chongliang Luo, Oluseye K Oduyale, Xiaoyu Zong, Noelle K Loconte, Yin Cao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Alcohol consumption is associated with adverse oncologic and treatment outcomes among individuals with a diagnosis of cancer. As a key modifiable behavioral factor, alcohol consumption patterns among cancer survivors, especially during treatment, remain underexplored in the United States.

OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively characterize alcohol consumption patterns among US cancer survivors.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used data from May 6, 2018, to January 1, 2022, from the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program, a diverse US cohort with electronic health record (EHR) linkage, and included 15 199 participants who reported a cancer diagnosis and 1839 …

Major Cardiovascular Events After Covid-19, Event Rates Post-Vaccination, Antiviral Or Anti-Inflammatory Therapy, And Temporal Trends: Rationale And Methodology Of The Corona-Vte-Network Study, Behnood Bikdeli, Candrika D Khairani, Darsiya Krishnathasan, Antoine Bejjani, Andre Armero, Anthony Tristani, Julia Davies, Nicole Porio, Ali A Assi, Victor Nauffal, Umberto Campia, Zaid Almarzooq, Eric Wei, Aditya Achanta, Sirus J Jesudasen, Bruce C Tiu, Geno J. Merli, Orly Leiva, John Fanikos, Aditya Sharma, Alec Vishnevsky, Judith Hsia, Mark R Nehler, James Welker, Marc P Bonaca, Brett J Carroll, Zhou Lan, Samuel Z Goldhaber, Gregory Piazza

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with excess risk of cardiovascular and thrombotic events in the early post-infection period and during convalescence. Despite the progress in our understanding of cardiovascular complications, uncertainty persists with respect to more recent event rates, temporal trends, association between vaccination status and outcomes, and findings within vulnerable subgroups such as older adults (aged 65 years or older), or those undergoing hemodialysis. Sex-informed findings, including results among pregnant and breastfeeding women, as well as adjusted comparisons between male and female adults are similarly understudied.

METHODS: Adult patients, aged ≥18 years, with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 …

Androgen Deprivation And Radiotherapy With Or Without Docetaxel For Localized High-Risk Prostate Cancer: Long-Term Follow-Up From The Randomized Nrg Oncology Rtog 0521 Trial, Oliver Sartor, Jeff M Michalski, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Intensification of therapy may improve outcomes for patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To provide long-term follow-up data from phase III RTOG 0521, which compared a combination of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) + external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) + docetaxel with ADT + EBRT.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: High-risk localized prostate cancer patients (>50% of patients had Gleason 9-10 disease) were prospectively randomized to 2 yr of ADT + EBRT or ADT + EBRT + six cycles of docetaxel. A total of 612 patients were accrued, and 563 were eligible and included in the modified intent-to-treat analysis. …

Cell Surface B2m-Free Human Leukocyte Antigen (Hla) Monomers And Dimers: Are They Neo-Hla Class And Proto-Hla?, Mepur H. Ravindranath, Narendranath M. Ravindranath, Senthamil R. Selvan, Fatiha El Hilali, Carly J. Amato-Menker, Edward J. Filippone

Division of Nephrology Faculty Papers

Cell surface HLA-I molecules (Face-1) consist of a polypeptide heavy chain (HC) with two groove domains (G domain) and one constant domain (C-domain) as well as a light chain, B2-microglobulin (B2m). However, HCs can also independently emerge unfolded on the cell surface without peptides as B2m-free HC monomers (Face-2), B2m-free HC homodimers (Face 3), and B2m-free HC heterodimers (Face-4). The transport of these HLA variants from ER to the cell surface was confirmed by antiviral antibiotics that arrest the release of newly synthesized proteins from the ER. Face-2 occurs at low levels on the normal cell surface of the lung, …

Nerve Transfer For Restoration Of Lower Motor Neuron-Lesioned Bladder, Urethral, And Anal Sphincter Function In A Dog Model. Part 3. Nicotinic Receptor Characterization, Nagat Frara, Mary F. Barbe, Dania Giaddui, Danielle S. Porreca, Alan S. Braverman, Ekta Tiwari, Attia Ahmad, Justin M. Brown, Benjamin R. Johnston, Stanley F. Bazarek, Michael R. Ruggieri

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Very little is known about the physiological role of nicotinic receptors in canine bladders, although functional nicotinic receptors have been reported in bladders of many species. Utilizing in vitro methods, we evaluated nicotinic receptors mediating bladder function in dogs: control (9 female and 11 male normal controls, 5 sham operated), Decentralized (9 females, decentralized 6–21 mo), and obturator-to-pelvic nerve transfer reinnervated (ObNT-Reinn; 9 females; decentralized 9–13 mo, then reinnervated with 8–12 mo recovery). Muscle strips were collected, mucosa-denuded, and mounted in muscle baths before incubation with neurotransmitter antagonists, and contractions to the nicotinic receptor agonist epibatidine were determined. Strip response …

Associations Between Age, Sex, Apoe Genotype, And Regional Vascular Physiology In Typically Aging Adults, Nikou L Damestani, John Jacoby, Shrikanth M Yadav, Allison E Lovely, Aurea Michael, Melissa Terpstra, Marziye Eshghi, Barnaly Rashid, Carlos Cruchaga, David H Salat, Meher R Juttukonda

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Altered blood flow in the human brain is characteristic of typical aging. However, numerous factors contribute to inter-individual variation in patterns of blood flow throughout the lifespan. To better understand the mechanisms behind such variation, we studied how sex and APOE genotype, a primary genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), influence associations between age and brain perfusion measures. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 562 participants from the Human Connectome Project - Aging (36 to >90 years of age). We found widespread associations between age and vascular parameters, where increasing age was associated with regional decreases in cerebral blood …