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The Level Of Cultural Responsiveness And Its Preparation Among Grand Valley State University’S Occupational Therapy Graduates, Kathleen Kovach, Rebecca Palmitier, Robyn Ward

Education

Background: In a field that aims to be holistic and client-centered, occupational therapists need to consider their client's culture. Culture is comprised of values, beliefs, and lifestyles and will affect the therapy process (Cheung, Shah, & Muncer, 2002; Cole, Stevenson, & Rogers, 2009). To truly treat clients holistically, therapists need to be culturally responsive in their practice, considering factors which influence therapy and its outcomes. Occupational therapy education programs, therefore, need to prepare its students to be culturally responsive practitioners. This research examined whether Grand Valley State University (GVSU) Occupational Therapy (OT) graduates are culturally responsive and how the program …

Formative Development Of A Culturally Appropriate Mammography Screening Campaign For Low-Income African-American Women., Kimberly D. Leeks, Ingrid J. Hall, C. Ashani Johnson-Turbes, Ngozi Kamalu, Yasmine Zavahir

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

The purpose of this qualitative study was to conduct a formative evaluation of messages and materials to inform the development of a promotional, health campaign designed to increase breast cancer screening awareness and utilization among low-income, uninsured African American women through the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) in Savannah and Macon, Georgia (GA). A priority of CDC is to understand why women eligible for screening through the NBCCEDP do not participate in NBCCEDP screening services as well as to identify effective strategies for increasing enrollment among NBCCEDP-eligible women who have never received breast cancer screening. As …

Ethnic And Gender Differences In Psychosocial Factors In Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific Islanders, And Asian American Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Jillian Inouye, Dongmei Li, James Davis, Richard Arakaki

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

This study examined the differences between 207 Asians and Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI) with type 2 diabetes among various psychosocial measures. Responses to five multivariable regression models including the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (DQOL) and Short Form -36® Health Survey (SF-36) were analyzed. Differences were determined by linear contrasts in the multivariate linear regression models after adjusted for multiple demographic and socioeconomic variables. Compared to Asians, NHOPIs perceived a lower impact of diabetes on their quality of life; highlighting differences in perceptions of self-efficacy and self-care activities. Females did better on their diet while males perceived better …

Housing, The Neighborhood Environment, And Physical Activity Among Older African Americans, Lonnie Hannon Iii, Patricia Sawyer, Richard M. Allman

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Abstract

This study examines the association of neighborhood environment, as measured by housing factors, with physical activity among older African Americans. Context is provided on the effects of structural inequality as an inhibitor of health enhancing neighborhood environments. The study population included African Americans participating in the UAB Study of Aging (n=433). Participants demonstrated the ability to walk during a baseline in-home assessment. The strength and independence of housing factors were assessed using neighborhood walking for exercise as the outcome variable. Sociodemographic data, co-morbid medical conditions, and rural/urban residence were included as independent control factors. Homeownership, occupancy, and length of …

Racial Disparities In Pain Management In Primary Care, Miriam Ezenwa

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

This descriptive, cross-sectional, secondary data analysis was conducted to examine racial disparities in pain management of primary care patients with chronic nonmalignant pain using chronic opioid therapy. Data from 891 patients, including 201 African Americans and 691 Caucasians were used to test an explanatory model for these disparities. We predicted that: (1) African American patients would report worse pain management and poor quality of life (QOL) than Caucasians; (2) the association between race and pain management would be mediated by perceived discrimination relating to hopelessness; and (3) poor pain management would negatively affect QOL. Results revealed significant differences between African …

Research News: 2012, No. 2, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy

Research News: Grants and Publications (2000-2014)

Grants and contracts recently awarded

(R)-Β-Lysine Modified Elongation Factor P Functions In Translation Elongation, Tammy J. Bullwinkle, S. Betty Zou, Andrei Rajkovic, Steven J. Hersch, Sara Elgamal, Nathaniel Robinson, David Smil, Yuri Bolshan, William Wiley Navarre, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Post-translational modification of bacterial elongation factor P (EF-P) with (R)-β-lysine at a conserved lysine residue activates the protein in vivo and increases puromycin reactivity of the ribosome in vitro. The additional hydroxylation of EF-P at the same lysine residue by the YfcM protein has also recently been described. The roles of modified and unmodified EF-P during different steps in translation, and how this correlates to its physiological role in the cell, have recently been linked to the synthesis of polyproline stretches in proteins. Polysome analysis indicated that EF-P functions in translation elongation, rather than initiation as proposed previously. This was …

Clinical Application Of Evoked Potentials And Pedicle Screw Stimulation During Correction Of Severe Scoliosis: A Casereport, Hung-Wen Chen, Chi-Kuang Feng, Jan-Wei Chiu, Chih-Jou Lai, Rai-Chi Chan, Tsui-Fen Yang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Surgical intervention is frequently suggested for scoliosis patients who have a Cobb's angle of more than 50 degrees and who are not responding to conservative treatment such as bracing. In addition, surgical intervention prevents further deterioration of spinal curvature, preserves cardiopulmonary function, provides cosmetic benefits, and improves quality of life for patients. Although the goal of surgical intervention is to improve the balance and function of the spine, iatrogenic spinal cord and nerve injury remains a major concern. Certain instruments are useful in preventing this type of iatrogenic injury. A combination of somatosensory-evoked potentials, motor-evoked potentials, and pedicle screw stimulation …

Effects Of A Modified Module Insole On Foot Deformity And Pain In High Arch Foot, Pin-Yang Hung, Mei-Wun Tsai, Young-Hue Yu, Ming-Jor Lo, Yen-I Chiang, Wei-Hua Ho, Mu-Jung Kao

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

There are no definite conclusions for effective treatments on foot orthosis for high arch foot. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of modified module insole on foot deformity and foot pain in high arch foot patients. This study recruited 81 adults whose arch index of ＞0.21with 37 in the orthosis group and 44 in the control group. All participants have no evidence of neurological deficits at legs, foot deformities and abnormal gait patterns. A modified module insole with 3/4 length arch support was tried for the orthosis group. The 8-week trial was followed by an 8-week …

Unilateral Knee Pain As Clinical Presentation Of Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: A Casereport, Liang-Ting Lin, Shu-Fen Sun, Jue-Long Wang, Pei-Te Hsu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is a rare disease. The principal clinical manifestation of SDAVF is myelopathy, with variable but nonspecific symptoms including progressive weakness of the lower extremities, back pain, bowel and bladder dysfunction, and impotence. Diagnosis is often delayed. Knee pain as the chief complaint of SDAVF is rare. The present casereport describes a 49-year-old man with a history of SDAVF, for which he had twice received endovascular embolization, who presented with profound pain in the right knee when attending the study rehabilitation clinic. He had no history of trauma. Physical examination revealed upper motor neuron signs in …

Sonographic Features Of Eosinophilic Fasciitis With Asymmetrical Symptoms: A Casereport, Yan-Hao Chen, Huey-Wen Liang, Tyng-Guey Wang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Eosinophilic fasciitis is a rare rheumatological disorder, with the clinical presentations of myalgia, symmetrical skin induration, and peripheral eosinophilia. Because of overlapping symptoms with other rheumatological disorders, early diagnosis of eosinophilic fasciitis is difficult. The confirmatory diagnosis relies on full-thickness skin biopsy. Imaging studies are also used for evaluation and diagnosis. Among them, high-resolution sonography has the advantage of high accessibility over other imaging modalities in detecting musculoskeletal disorder, but the sonographic features of eosinophilic fasciitis are rarely reported. This study reported a 24-year-old woman who was diagnosed as eosinophilic fasciitis with rare presentation of asymmetric involvement. She had left …

Congenital Thoracic Scoliosis Presenting As Torticollis: A Casereport, Tzu-Yi Chou, Pei-Yu Yang, Nai-Hsin Meng

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Torticollis is a manifestation of various underlying conditions that refers to a specific positioning of the neck, such that the head is tilted to one side with the chin turned toward the opposite direction. Torticollis can be classified into muscular and non-muscular types. Congenital thoracic scoliosis is a rare cause of non-muscular torticollis. We report the case of an eight-month-old female infant presenting with persistent torticollis at birth. The initial impression was muscular torticollis. However, her symptom persisted after rehabilitation. After a series of surveys, congenital thoracic scoliosis, a very rare cause of non-muscular torticollis, was diagnosed. Most cases of …

A Young Stroke Patient With Bardet-Biedl Syndrome: A Casereport, Erh-Chun Chen, Tien-Wen Chen, Ming-Cheng Weng, Chia-Ling Lee

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare inherited disease. Up to date, there have been 14 known BBS-related mutation genes, resulting in ciliopathy with multiple abnormalities such as obesity, pigmentary retinopathy, polydactyly, learning disabilities, poor coordination, renal dysfunction, diabetes and hypertension. This case was a 29-year-old male, who was diagnosed as Bardet-Biedl syndrome since childhood and then was followed up for control of complications. He suffered from stroke at age of 29. Risks of young stroke were surveyed. Poorly controlled hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and hyperfibrinogenemia were noted. No other examination revealed abnormality. He had received treatment of stroke in acute phase, …

Cerebral Stroke And Spinal Infarction After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: A Casereport, Chun-Sheng Hsu, Hsiao-Wei Lin, Hsi-Hsun Su, Shu-Chuan Wu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Cerebral stroke and spinal cord infarction are rare complications after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The coexistence of them in one case is extremely rare. Cerebral microemboli generated during CABG is connected to acute ischemic stroke. Spinal cord infarction after CABG is related to hypoperfusion of the spinal cord. Except for the cardiovascular disease, the use of cardiopulmonary bypass during or after surgery is also a risk factor for both of the complications. They are not only increase the length of hospital stay but also contribute to patient's poor prognosis.We reported a 61-year-old male, with histories of hypertension, type II …

Effects Of Intraarticular Botulinum Toxin A In The Treatment Of Ankle Osteoarthritis, Shu-Fen Sun, Chien-Wei Hsu, Yi-Jiun Chou, Yu-Nong Wang, Chiao-Wen Hwang, Mei-Chia Chou, Jue-Long Wang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Preliminary evidence suggests that Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injected intraarticularly into painful joints has a significant nociceptive effect. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of intraarticular BoNT-A on the pain and physical function for patients with ankle osteoarthritis (OA).Method: A prospective study with 6 months follow-up done in a university-affiliated tertiary care medical center, patients with symptoms and radiographic evidence of ankle OA for at least 6 months were recruited. Patients received intraarticular injections of 100 units of BoNT-A in 2 cc of normal saline. The injections were performed by the same experienced doctor. …

The Effect Of Ice Pack On Lumbar Range Of Motion In Patients With Low Back Pain And Lumbar Sacralization, Shih-Chieh Lin, Yi-Chun Hung, Yin-Chou Lin, Wei-Han Chang, Yu-Tsai Tu, Shih-Wei Chou

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Purpose: This research was designed to investigate the short-term effect of an ice pack on lumbar range of motion in patients. Patients with low back pain caused by sacralized fifth lumbar spine were selected after clinical diagnosis.Method: Twenty-four subjects were recruited for this study. Twelve subjects with low back pain who were diagnosed with sacralized fifth lumbar spine were selected as the experimental group, and twelve healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The age, body height, and weight of the patients in the two groups were compared. Measurements of lumbar range of motion were used as the pretest …

The Correlation Of Lumbar Spine Flexibility And Lumbar Extensor Activity In Healthy Adults, Chung-Che Lin, Ta-Sen Wei, Pen-Ta Liu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

The modified fingertip-to-floor method is one of the clinical measurements used to assess forward bending. The present research is based on recording the measurements obtained by lumbar extensor surface electromyography (EMG) during the modified ”fingertip-to-floor” method in order to investigate the correlation between the two approaches. Our hypothesis is that poorer flexibility of the low back is associated with larger amplitude of low back extensor surface EMG activity.Measurements were obtained from 36 subjects (12 male and 24 female aged 28.9±5.3 year-old). The subjects stood on a wooden box and bent forward so that measurements could be taken. The top of …

The Comparison Of The Dynamic Balance Abilities Between Young And Elderly Adults, Chen-Yang Kao, Shun-Hwa Wei, Chao-Chih Lee, Fu-Kong Lieu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Falls are one of high risk factors to the quality of health of elderly adults. A study with early screening for potential high risk factors for elderly adults is helpful to reduce the incidence of falls. Little research has been done to evaluate elderly adults in terms of limits of stability (LOS). Moreover, regarding elderly adult balance, most focuses have been placed on their feet when standing for long periods of time and looking at the static center of pressure (COP) change; few focuses have been placed on the dynamic parameter changes during weight shifting.Purpose: To compare dynamic balancing …

The Results Of The 2010 New System For Assessment Of Disability In Hualien County: A Preliminary Study, Pao Huang, Pei-Lin Wu, Chih-Cheng Fan, Chung-Chao Liang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: This study uses the assessment results from the new system of the disability assessment schedule to investigate the relationships between the short version of the WHODAS 2.0 and the body functions, activities and participation, and environmental factors in this schedule. The influence of using this assessment schedule on changes in disability levels is analyzed.Method: In total, this study recruits 148 individuals with disabilities in Hualien County as cases for study. The new system assessment schedule from the ICF's promotion program is adopted to perform an assessment. The assessment items include body functions, activities and participation, environmental factors, and the …

The Therapeutic Effects Of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid On The Physical Functioning Of Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Preliminary Report, Chen-Liang Chou, Yuan-Ting Lo, Fu-Wei Liu, Li-Lung Haung, Jin-Jong Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Osteoarthritis of the knee joints is one of the most disabling diseases among the elderly because it causes limitations affecting many daily activities, and this results a large economic burden on public health. According to the date from the Bureau of National Health Insurance in 2000, the total expenditure of money on total knee replacements due to osteoarthritis reached 2.63 billion dollars, which was the second place in all inpatient medical expenses.The natural course of osteoarthritis of the knee joints is a gradual degeneration. As a result, treatments are aimed at pain alleviation, improving the joint's range of motion and …

Effect Of Alendronate And Teriparatide On Bone Mineral Density In Postmenopausal Women, Pei-Tsen Chen, Piya-On Numpaisal, Ching-Chuan Jiang, Hong-Sen Chiang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Alendronate and teriparatide have been proved to benefit osteoporosis patients in some prospective studies. However, no data have been described about the clinical practice of these medications and their efficacy in Taiwanese people.Method: We reviewarticleed the medical records of an outpatient clinic at National Taiwan University Hospital from 2008 to 2010, and collected data on the postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteoporosis or spinal compression fracture. Lumbar spinal bone mineral density (BMD) was recorded at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, 30, and 42 months after initiating therapy. We compared the patients' BMD before and after the treatment by paired …

The Associated Factors In Home-Based Rehabilitation Utilization Of Stroke Patients, Shu-Chuan Wu, Yu-Chia Chang, Te-Feng Yeh, Ting-Yu Chang, Wei-Chaio Lu, Chien-Tsai Huang, Chuan-Hsiung Lin, Li-Ling Huang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

This study explores the factors correlated to the use of home-based rehabilitation services by stroke patients for whom care is provided according to the state policy pertaining to the 10-year long-term care plan.During July 2008–June 2010, data were collected from 759 stroke patients by using a long-term care management service evaluation form. These patients had initially applied for services at the long-term care centers of the Bureau of Public Health in Taichung County. Of these, 119(15.7%) eventually used home-based rehabilitation services. Using the Andersen health behavior model, we investigated how various factors influence the use of home-based rehabilitation services by …

A Ruptured Baker's Cyst Mimicking Deep Vein Thrombosis In A Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Casereport, Ting-Chun Chou, Chung-Liang Lai, Ming-Miau Tsai, Chuan-Chin Leu, Szu-Li Tsai

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Baker's cysts arise from a distension of a gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa, which are often associated with knee pathology including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory arthropathies. Clinical presentations of Baker's cysts are posterior knee swelling, tightness, and pain. Knee joint aspiration and intra-articular corticosteroid injection can relieve symptoms. However, treating underlying diseases is more important for recurrence prevention. Cyst rupture is a complication of Baker's cysts and may induce leg swelling and pain mimicking deep vein thrombosis. It is difficult to distinguish between a ruptured Baker's cyst and deep vein thrombosis because of similar symptoms. If a ruptured Baker's cyst is …

Mirror Image Artifact Of Sonography Mimicking Intraosseous Tumor: A Casereport, Zong-Han Yang, Lu-Wen Chen, Chia-Chieh Wu, Chung-Che Lin

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Although mirror-image artifacts of soft tissue sonography are not common, they produce phantom pictures and may lead to misdiagnosis. Relevant literature on mirror-image artifacts, even casereports, are rare. We described a 70-year-old female initially having a painless, immovable nodule with an insidious onset on her right anterior middle leg. After she received an initial physical examination and a radiographic approach, musculoskeletal sonography disclosed an oval non-compressible hypoechoic tumor, which seemed to invade the bony cortex medial to her tibia crest. A real, dome-shaped tumor above the tibia bone with an intraosseous mirror-image artifact was detected after MRI study, and the …

Application Of Digital Volume Pulse Analysis In Patients With Spinal Cord Injury, Wei-Lun Tsai, Alice May-Kuen Wong, Yu-Cheng Pei, Yu-Ru Lin, Yu-Hsin Liao, Shu-Chun Huang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Orthostatic hypotension is a common complication following spinal cord injury (SCI). However, an easy method to quantify the degree of vasomotor impairment below the level of injury is lacking. We postulated that SCI patients with different sympathetic reserves exhibited different digital volume pulse contours. Thirty-one patients with high chronic SCI (above the T6 neurologic level) and 28 low-level SCI patients (below T6) were recruited. Thirty-two age- and BMI-matched healthy participants were enrolled in the control group. All participants were positioned on a tilting table for five minutes in each of the following: supine rest (SR), 60-degree head-up tilt (HUT), and …

The Effect Of Vibration On Shoulder Strength And Flexibility Of Volleyball Athletes, Yun-Tai Lin, Hsing-Kuo Wang, Shao-Yi Liu, Tzyy-Yuang Shiang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of vibration and static stretching on shoulder strength and flexibility of volleyball athletes.Methods: Fifteen female volleyball athletes were randomly divided into 2 groups: 8 athletes who received vibration training were allocated to the vibration-stretching group and 7 athletes who did not receive vibration training comprised the static-stretching group. During a 6-week training period, pre- and post-tests were conducted using a Biodex system to evaluate the shoulder flexibility and the maximal isokinetic torque of the biceps and the anterior deltoid muscle.Results: After 4 weeks of training, the maximal isokinetic torque …

Related Factors In Children With The Motor Development Delay And Flat Feet, Hui-Wen Cheng, Chin-Kai Lin, Ching-Shiang Chi, Mei-Hua Tang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Condition of flat feet is a common among preschool children. Clinical studies show that children with developmental delays have problems similar to flat feet, perhaps of a more and complicated nature compared to the normal children. As literature on flat feet in children with developmental delays was hardly available, the main topic of this study was to explore factors associated with flat feet in preschool children with developmental delays, and the effect of flat feet on lower-extremity functions.The 50 participants in this study were selected from 88 children aged 4-6 years with motor delay. They were divided into two groups …

Ankle Joint Flexibility, Muscle Strength, And Unilateral Stance Balance Of Elite Men's High School Basketball Players: A Preliminary Study, Meng-Tai Chen, Chia-Hong Chen, Wai-Keung Lee, Chia-Ming Lin

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: This study aimed to investigate ankle dorsiflexion flexibility, ankle invertor and evertor muscle isokinetic performance and balance during unilateral stance in high school division I basketball players. This study also aimed to investigate the similarities and differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg of the basketball players.Method: Thirty-six high school division I basketball players were recruited. The exclusion criteria were sustaining injuries in the lower limbs within the past 3 months and experiencing residual symptoms of pain in the ankle joints. Further, the study was conducted such that the test performances were not affected by the training that the …

The Effect Of Unstable Sling Exercise Training For A Long Jump Athlete With Lumbar Spondylolysis: A Casereport, Shih-Chung Cheng, Chia-Lin Chen, Won-Jean Lin, Hsiao-Yun Chang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Spondylolysis is a common problem that may contribute to lower back pain in athletes participating in a variety of activities. We currently present a casereport describing an athlete aged 21 years who was participating in the long jump on the national stage with ranked 1 in Taiwan. A diagnosis of spondylolysis at the 5th lumbar vertebrae was made following complaints of pain in the lower back-diagnosis was confirmed using a radiology examination. The athlete was prescribed a conservative rehabilitation program that included regular physical therapy, an eight-week core stability training program, and a six-month unstable resistance training program. Treatment effectiveness …

Ipsilateral Hemiparesis Caused By Supratentorial Stroke: Two Casereports, Yen-Chung Chen, Ta-Sen Wei, Chih-Lin Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

A common symptom that occurs after strokes is impaired contralesional motor function and contralateral limbs weakness. Such weakness of the limbs is often found in a supratentorial stroke. Two patients with ipsilateral limbs weakness after supratentorial stroke events were reported. One was a recurrent ischemic stroke in the right frontal lobe with right hemiparesis; the other was a new ischemic stroke in the right thalamus with right hemiparesis. There were few reported cases of ipsilateral hemiparesis caused by a supratentorial cerebral lesion. The mechanism of such symptoms may be related to 1. Activation and cortical reorganization within the motor areas …