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The Level Of Cultural Responsiveness And Its Preparation Among Grand Valley State University’S Occupational Therapy Graduates, Kathleen Kovach, Rebecca Palmitier, Robyn Ward

Education

Background: In a field that aims to be holistic and client-centered, occupational therapists need to consider their client's culture. Culture is comprised of values, beliefs, and lifestyles and will affect the therapy process (Cheung, Shah, & Muncer, 2002; Cole, Stevenson, & Rogers, 2009). To truly treat clients holistically, therapists need to be culturally responsive in their practice, considering factors which influence therapy and its outcomes. Occupational therapy education programs, therefore, need to prepare its students to be culturally responsive practitioners. This research examined whether Grand Valley State University (GVSU) Occupational Therapy (OT) graduates are culturally responsive and how the program …

Formative Development Of A Culturally Appropriate Mammography Screening Campaign For Low-Income African-American Women., Kimberly D. Leeks, Ingrid J. Hall, C. Ashani Johnson-Turbes, Ngozi Kamalu, Yasmine Zavahir

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

The purpose of this qualitative study was to conduct a formative evaluation of messages and materials to inform the development of a promotional, health campaign designed to increase breast cancer screening awareness and utilization among low-income, uninsured African American women through the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) in Savannah and Macon, Georgia (GA). A priority of CDC is to understand why women eligible for screening through the NBCCEDP do not participate in NBCCEDP screening services as well as to identify effective strategies for increasing enrollment among NBCCEDP-eligible women who have never received breast cancer screening. As …

Ethnic And Gender Differences In Psychosocial Factors In Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific Islanders, And Asian American Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Jillian Inouye, Dongmei Li, James Davis, Richard Arakaki

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

This study examined the differences between 207 Asians and Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI) with type 2 diabetes among various psychosocial measures. Responses to five multivariable regression models including the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (DQOL) and Short Form -36® Health Survey (SF-36) were analyzed. Differences were determined by linear contrasts in the multivariate linear regression models after adjusted for multiple demographic and socioeconomic variables. Compared to Asians, NHOPIs perceived a lower impact of diabetes on their quality of life; highlighting differences in perceptions of self-efficacy and self-care activities. Females did better on their diet while males perceived better …

Housing, The Neighborhood Environment, And Physical Activity Among Older African Americans, Lonnie Hannon Iii, Patricia Sawyer, Richard M. Allman

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Abstract

This study examines the association of neighborhood environment, as measured by housing factors, with physical activity among older African Americans. Context is provided on the effects of structural inequality as an inhibitor of health enhancing neighborhood environments. The study population included African Americans participating in the UAB Study of Aging (n=433). Participants demonstrated the ability to walk during a baseline in-home assessment. The strength and independence of housing factors were assessed using neighborhood walking for exercise as the outcome variable. Sociodemographic data, co-morbid medical conditions, and rural/urban residence were included as independent control factors. Homeownership, occupancy, and length of …

Racial Disparities In Pain Management In Primary Care, Miriam Ezenwa

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

This descriptive, cross-sectional, secondary data analysis was conducted to examine racial disparities in pain management of primary care patients with chronic nonmalignant pain using chronic opioid therapy. Data from 891 patients, including 201 African Americans and 691 Caucasians were used to test an explanatory model for these disparities. We predicted that: (1) African American patients would report worse pain management and poor quality of life (QOL) than Caucasians; (2) the association between race and pain management would be mediated by perceived discrimination relating to hopelessness; and (3) poor pain management would negatively affect QOL. Results revealed significant differences between African …

Research News: 2012, No. 2, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy

Research News: Grants and Publications (2000-2014)

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The Therapeutic Effects Of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid On The Physical Functioning Of Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Preliminary Report, Chen-Liang Chou, Yuan-Ting Lo, Fu-Wei Liu, Li-Lung Haung, Jin-Jong Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Osteoarthritis of the knee joints is one of the most disabling diseases among the elderly because it causes limitations affecting many daily activities, and this results a large economic burden on public health. According to the date from the Bureau of National Health Insurance in 2000, the total expenditure of money on total knee replacements due to osteoarthritis reached 2.63 billion dollars, which was the second place in all inpatient medical expenses.The natural course of osteoarthritis of the knee joints is a gradual degeneration. As a result, treatments are aimed at pain alleviation, improving the joint's range of motion and …

The Associated Factors In Home-Based Rehabilitation Utilization Of Stroke Patients, Shu-Chuan Wu, Yu-Chia Chang, Te-Feng Yeh, Ting-Yu Chang, Wei-Chaio Lu, Chien-Tsai Huang, Chuan-Hsiung Lin, Li-Ling Huang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

This study explores the factors correlated to the use of home-based rehabilitation services by stroke patients for whom care is provided according to the state policy pertaining to the 10-year long-term care plan.During July 2008–June 2010, data were collected from 759 stroke patients by using a long-term care management service evaluation form. These patients had initially applied for services at the long-term care centers of the Bureau of Public Health in Taichung County. Of these, 119(15.7%) eventually used home-based rehabilitation services. Using the Andersen health behavior model, we investigated how various factors influence the use of home-based rehabilitation services by …

The Comparison Of The Dynamic Balance Abilities Between Young And Elderly Adults, Chen-Yang Kao, Shun-Hwa Wei, Chao-Chih Lee, Fu-Kong Lieu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Falls are one of high risk factors to the quality of health of elderly adults. A study with early screening for potential high risk factors for elderly adults is helpful to reduce the incidence of falls. Little research has been done to evaluate elderly adults in terms of limits of stability (LOS). Moreover, regarding elderly adult balance, most focuses have been placed on their feet when standing for long periods of time and looking at the static center of pressure (COP) change; few focuses have been placed on the dynamic parameter changes during weight shifting.Purpose: To compare dynamic balancing …

The Results Of The 2010 New System For Assessment Of Disability In Hualien County: A Preliminary Study, Pao Huang, Pei-Lin Wu, Chih-Cheng Fan, Chung-Chao Liang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: This study uses the assessment results from the new system of the disability assessment schedule to investigate the relationships between the short version of the WHODAS 2.0 and the body functions, activities and participation, and environmental factors in this schedule. The influence of using this assessment schedule on changes in disability levels is analyzed.Method: In total, this study recruits 148 individuals with disabilities in Hualien County as cases for study. The new system assessment schedule from the ICF's promotion program is adopted to perform an assessment. The assessment items include body functions, activities and participation, environmental factors, and the …

Ipsilateral Hemiparesis Caused By Supratentorial Stroke: Two Casereports, Yen-Chung Chen, Ta-Sen Wei, Chih-Lin Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

A common symptom that occurs after strokes is impaired contralesional motor function and contralateral limbs weakness. Such weakness of the limbs is often found in a supratentorial stroke. Two patients with ipsilateral limbs weakness after supratentorial stroke events were reported. One was a recurrent ischemic stroke in the right frontal lobe with right hemiparesis; the other was a new ischemic stroke in the right thalamus with right hemiparesis. There were few reported cases of ipsilateral hemiparesis caused by a supratentorial cerebral lesion. The mechanism of such symptoms may be related to 1. Activation and cortical reorganization within the motor areas …

A Positron Emission Tomography Study Of Brain Activation In Chinese-Speaking Stutterers, Feng-Chu Tseng, Jung-Lung Hsu, Yen-Kung Chen, Lin-Fen Hsieh, Hung-Che Wang, Fa-Shun Tsai, Ya-Ling Chao

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background/Purpose: Although neuroimage studies on English-speaking stutterers have been reported previously, there was few positron emission tomography (PET) study of brain activation in Chinese- speaking stutterers. The purpose of this study was to investigate brain activation patterns in stutterers who speak Chinese.Each subject was scanned via using a PET scanner with a [18F] deoxyglucose marker. The stutterers group received two separate PET scans, one during solo reading (stuttering condition) and the other during choral reading (fluent condition). The normal speakers had only one scan following solo reading.Significant statistical difference in brain activation between the stutterers during solo reading and normal …

Mirror Image Artifact Of Sonography Mimicking Intraosseous Tumor: A Casereport, Zong-Han Yang, Lu-Wen Chen, Chia-Chieh Wu, Chung-Che Lin

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Although mirror-image artifacts of soft tissue sonography are not common, they produce phantom pictures and may lead to misdiagnosis. Relevant literature on mirror-image artifacts, even casereports, are rare. We described a 70-year-old female initially having a painless, immovable nodule with an insidious onset on her right anterior middle leg. After she received an initial physical examination and a radiographic approach, musculoskeletal sonography disclosed an oval non-compressible hypoechoic tumor, which seemed to invade the bony cortex medial to her tibia crest. A real, dome-shaped tumor above the tibia bone with an intraosseous mirror-image artifact was detected after MRI study, and the …

Effect Of Alendronate And Teriparatide On Bone Mineral Density In Postmenopausal Women, Pei-Tsen Chen, Piya-On Numpaisal, Ching-Chuan Jiang, Hong-Sen Chiang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Alendronate and teriparatide have been proved to benefit osteoporosis patients in some prospective studies. However, no data have been described about the clinical practice of these medications and their efficacy in Taiwanese people.Method: We reviewarticleed the medical records of an outpatient clinic at National Taiwan University Hospital from 2008 to 2010, and collected data on the postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteoporosis or spinal compression fracture. Lumbar spinal bone mineral density (BMD) was recorded at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, 30, and 42 months after initiating therapy. We compared the patients' BMD before and after the treatment by paired …

The Effect Of Ice Pack On Lumbar Range Of Motion In Patients With Low Back Pain And Lumbar Sacralization, Shih-Chieh Lin, Yi-Chun Hung, Yin-Chou Lin, Wei-Han Chang, Yu-Tsai Tu, Shih-Wei Chou

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Purpose: This research was designed to investigate the short-term effect of an ice pack on lumbar range of motion in patients. Patients with low back pain caused by sacralized fifth lumbar spine were selected after clinical diagnosis.Method: Twenty-four subjects were recruited for this study. Twelve subjects with low back pain who were diagnosed with sacralized fifth lumbar spine were selected as the experimental group, and twelve healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The age, body height, and weight of the patients in the two groups were compared. Measurements of lumbar range of motion were used as the pretest …

Effects Of Intraarticular Botulinum Toxin A In The Treatment Of Ankle Osteoarthritis, Shu-Fen Sun, Chien-Wei Hsu, Yi-Jiun Chou, Yu-Nong Wang, Chiao-Wen Hwang, Mei-Chia Chou, Jue-Long Wang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Preliminary evidence suggests that Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injected intraarticularly into painful joints has a significant nociceptive effect. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of intraarticular BoNT-A on the pain and physical function for patients with ankle osteoarthritis (OA).Method: A prospective study with 6 months follow-up done in a university-affiliated tertiary care medical center, patients with symptoms and radiographic evidence of ankle OA for at least 6 months were recruited. Patients received intraarticular injections of 100 units of BoNT-A in 2 cc of normal saline. The injections were performed by the same experienced doctor. …

A Ruptured Baker's Cyst Mimicking Deep Vein Thrombosis In A Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Casereport, Ting-Chun Chou, Chung-Liang Lai, Ming-Miau Tsai, Chuan-Chin Leu, Szu-Li Tsai

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Baker's cysts arise from a distension of a gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa, which are often associated with knee pathology including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory arthropathies. Clinical presentations of Baker's cysts are posterior knee swelling, tightness, and pain. Knee joint aspiration and intra-articular corticosteroid injection can relieve symptoms. However, treating underlying diseases is more important for recurrence prevention. Cyst rupture is a complication of Baker's cysts and may induce leg swelling and pain mimicking deep vein thrombosis. It is difficult to distinguish between a ruptured Baker's cyst and deep vein thrombosis because of similar symptoms. If a ruptured Baker's cyst is …

The Correlation Of Lumbar Spine Flexibility And Lumbar Extensor Activity In Healthy Adults, Chung-Che Lin, Ta-Sen Wei, Pen-Ta Liu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

The modified fingertip-to-floor method is one of the clinical measurements used to assess forward bending. The present research is based on recording the measurements obtained by lumbar extensor surface electromyography (EMG) during the modified ”fingertip-to-floor” method in order to investigate the correlation between the two approaches. Our hypothesis is that poorer flexibility of the low back is associated with larger amplitude of low back extensor surface EMG activity.Measurements were obtained from 36 subjects (12 male and 24 female aged 28.9±5.3 year-old). The subjects stood on a wooden box and bent forward so that measurements could be taken. The top of …

Application Of Digital Volume Pulse Analysis In Patients With Spinal Cord Injury, Wei-Lun Tsai, Alice May-Kuen Wong, Yu-Cheng Pei, Yu-Ru Lin, Yu-Hsin Liao, Shu-Chun Huang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Orthostatic hypotension is a common complication following spinal cord injury (SCI). However, an easy method to quantify the degree of vasomotor impairment below the level of injury is lacking. We postulated that SCI patients with different sympathetic reserves exhibited different digital volume pulse contours. Thirty-one patients with high chronic SCI (above the T6 neurologic level) and 28 low-level SCI patients (below T6) were recruited. Thirty-two age- and BMI-matched healthy participants were enrolled in the control group. All participants were positioned on a tilting table for five minutes in each of the following: supine rest (SR), 60-degree head-up tilt (HUT), and …

The Effect Of Vibration On Shoulder Strength And Flexibility Of Volleyball Athletes, Yun-Tai Lin, Hsing-Kuo Wang, Shao-Yi Liu, Tzyy-Yuang Shiang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of vibration and static stretching on shoulder strength and flexibility of volleyball athletes.Methods: Fifteen female volleyball athletes were randomly divided into 2 groups: 8 athletes who received vibration training were allocated to the vibration-stretching group and 7 athletes who did not receive vibration training comprised the static-stretching group. During a 6-week training period, pre- and post-tests were conducted using a Biodex system to evaluate the shoulder flexibility and the maximal isokinetic torque of the biceps and the anterior deltoid muscle.Results: After 4 weeks of training, the maximal isokinetic torque …

Related Factors In Children With The Motor Development Delay And Flat Feet, Hui-Wen Cheng, Chin-Kai Lin, Ching-Shiang Chi, Mei-Hua Tang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Condition of flat feet is a common among preschool children. Clinical studies show that children with developmental delays have problems similar to flat feet, perhaps of a more and complicated nature compared to the normal children. As literature on flat feet in children with developmental delays was hardly available, the main topic of this study was to explore factors associated with flat feet in preschool children with developmental delays, and the effect of flat feet on lower-extremity functions.The 50 participants in this study were selected from 88 children aged 4-6 years with motor delay. They were divided into two groups …

Ankle Joint Flexibility, Muscle Strength, And Unilateral Stance Balance Of Elite Men's High School Basketball Players: A Preliminary Study, Meng-Tai Chen, Chia-Hong Chen, Wai-Keung Lee, Chia-Ming Lin

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: This study aimed to investigate ankle dorsiflexion flexibility, ankle invertor and evertor muscle isokinetic performance and balance during unilateral stance in high school division I basketball players. This study also aimed to investigate the similarities and differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg of the basketball players.Method: Thirty-six high school division I basketball players were recruited. The exclusion criteria were sustaining injuries in the lower limbs within the past 3 months and experiencing residual symptoms of pain in the ankle joints. Further, the study was conducted such that the test performances were not affected by the training that the …

The Effect Of Unstable Sling Exercise Training For A Long Jump Athlete With Lumbar Spondylolysis: A Casereport, Shih-Chung Cheng, Chia-Lin Chen, Won-Jean Lin, Hsiao-Yun Chang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Spondylolysis is a common problem that may contribute to lower back pain in athletes participating in a variety of activities. We currently present a casereport describing an athlete aged 21 years who was participating in the long jump on the national stage with ranked 1 in Taiwan. A diagnosis of spondylolysis at the 5th lumbar vertebrae was made following complaints of pain in the lower back-diagnosis was confirmed using a radiology examination. The athlete was prescribed a conservative rehabilitation program that included regular physical therapy, an eight-week core stability training program, and a six-month unstable resistance training program. Treatment effectiveness …

Quantitative Investigation Of Effect Of Age And Bolus Characteristics On Laryngeal Movement During Swallowing, Tsui-Fen Yang, Rai-Chi Chan, Shinn-Shing Lee, Jia-Chi Wang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiologic changes of swallowing along with normal aging, and to study the influences on swallowing of gender and food consistency.Methods: One hundred adult men and women aged 24 to 80 participated. Each subject underwent a swallowing evaluation, in which a surface transducer was placed on the neck to detect laryngeal movement when they performed a dry swallow and wet swallow for different food consistencies. Main outcome measures included mean onset, mean amplitude and mean duration of the deglutition wave.Results: In this study, the onset of the dry swallow deglutition wave …

Quantitative Evaluation Of Motor Control Of Upper Limbs After Neuro-Robot Rehabilitation, Shu-Min Chen, Yu-Chia Tsai, Ming-Shaung Ju, Bing-Cheng Kung

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Function of the upper limbs is crucial in daily activities. Motor recovery of upper limbs after stroke is slower and less complete than of lower limbs. During the recovery period, abnormal synergies always disturb daily life activity. Various therapeutic techniques have been developed to improve the function of upper limbs after stroke, such as the neuro-rehabilitation robot, which was developed in recent years and shows numerous positive outcomes for upper-limb facilitation after stroke. For the evaluation of motor recovery after stroke, Brunnstrom stages and the Modified Ashworth scale are commonly used and convenient. However, both depend heavily on the evaluator …

Phase I Cardiac Rehabilitation Among Patients With Acute St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Yun-Yi Lin, Chi-Ming Lee, Ching Lan, Ssu-Yuan Chen, Shu-Fang Hsiao, Pei-Chen Lu, Pei-Chin Suen, Mei-Yu Chen, Yen-Ho Wang, Jin-Shin Lai

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background and Purpose: Phase I cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs have been shown to be effective and beneficial for patients with acute myocardial infarction. However, only few studies have evaluated the determinants of treatment frequency in phase I CR. The aim of this study was to investigate the current administration of phase I CR for patients who have acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a medical center in Taiwan.Methods: We retrospectively reviewarticleed the medical records of 30 patients with STEMI who were admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) between December 2009 and March …

The Effect Of Botulinum Toxin Type A On Chronic Neck-Shoulder Pain: A Casereport, Sin-Hao Ho, Shih-Chung Chang, Yao-Jen Chen, Amy I-Hui Lin, Su-Ju Tsai

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Neck and shoulder pain is a common clinical complaint. However, the associated mechanism of this condition is thought to be multifactorial and is not yet fully understood. Various studies and multiple clinical experiences have shown the effectiveness of treatment with botulinum toxin type A in the improvement of dystonia and muscle spasticity. The mechanism of the analgesic effect of botulinum toxin type A has also been widely investigated. Many studies have addressed the use of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of myofascial pain, but its effectiveness and side effects remain controversial. This casereport describes a young woman with …

Kabuki Syndrome: A Casereport, Hsin-I Wu, Shih-Jay Tzeng, Chang-Hsien Yu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, skeletal anomalies, dermatoglyphic abnormalities, mild to moderate mental retardation and postnatal growth deficiency. Although first reported in Japan, it has been recognized in other parts of the world. The present case with KS is a five-year-old boy. Because of his pervasive developmental delay, he received care in rehabilitation programs hosted by our hospital. He had prominent ears, depressed nasal tip, long palpebral fissures, and long eyelashes. The common features of KS in him are postnatal growth retardation, moderate mental retardation, scoliosis, cleft palate, flat feet, fifth finger …

Torticollis As An Initial Sign Of Septo-Optic Dysplasia: A Casereport, Pei-Chi Hsiao, Yu-Kun Tsui, Li-Chen Tung, Shu-Han Yang, Willy Chou

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Torticollis is characterized by a lateral head tilt with chin rotation toward the opposite side. Congenital muscular torticollis remains the most common etiology in infancy. However, many different conditions, including anomaly of central nervous system, can cause the condition. The differential diagnosis is therefore important.An 8-month-old baby girl presented to our rehabilitation clinic with torticollis since 3 months of age. Her body weight, height and general appearance were normal at birth. At examination, horizontal nystagmus was noted while she gazed toward the right side, as well as head tilting to the left and chin pointing at the opposite side. There …

Giant-Cell Tumor Of The Cervical Spine In An Adult Female With Neck Stiffness: A Casereport, Kuan-Yu Chu, Wen-Sheng Liu, Yen-Ting Lai, I-Pu Juang, Shu-Huan Lin

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Giant-cell tumor of the bone is relatively common in young adults, especially those in the third decades of life. This tumor occurs most frequently in long bones, such as the distal femur or proximal tibia, but rarely in the cervical spine. Giant-cell tumor of the cervical spine is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of neck pain; thus, diagnosis of giant-cell tumor of the cervical spine is typically delayed or misdiagnosed. We present a case of giant-cell tumor of the cervical spine in a 25-year-old woman initially diagnosed with neck stiffness and muscle strain. She developed upper trunk numbness in …