Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Nanotechnology In Wound Healing And The Rising Role Of Bionanocomposites, Humaira Yasmeen, Saher Mahmood, Iqra Munir, Hubza Ruatt Khan, Iram Asim, Abeera Abid, Kashaf Junaid, Asif Raheem, Sara Janiad

Journal of Bioresource Management

Nanotechnology holds considerable promise in the field of biomedical research, particularly in the creation of innovative materials. Its influence extends significantly to medication formulation, drug delivery systems, and the realm of nanomedicine. These materials are being increasingly investigated for a range of applications; nevertheless, it is essential to conduct thorough assessments of their safety and environmental implications. Globally, millions of people suffer from slow wound healing, which leads to heightened mortality rates and escalated healthcare expenses. The primary factors contributing to impaired wound healing include microbial infection, unstable inflammation, and persistent inflammation. Regrettably, these critical issues have not been adequately …

Clinical And Hematological Correlates Of Common Viral Respiratory Infections In Patients With Acute Illness In Iraq, Israa Habeeb Naser

Journal of Bioresource Management

Background: Acute viral respiratory infections are considered as the leading causes of illness and hospitalization worldwide. Influenza virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Adenovirus are general respiratory pathogens linked with significant clinical problems in Iraq. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of common respiratory viral infections and their clinical and hematological associations between Iraqi patients with acute-illness.

Methods: This a cross-sectional study was done on 160 patients showing acute febrile and/or respiratory-symptoms. Viral detection for Influenza virus, RSV and Adenovirus was performed using rapid-antigen and ELISA assays. Hematological tests including total leukocyte count (TLC), differential leukocyte count, hemoglobin and …

Endophytic Actinobacteria: Deciphering Therapeutic And Industrial Potential, And Prospects Of Genome Mining In Novel Products Discovery, Yusra Waheed, Rabia Shahdin, Imran Sajid

Journal of Bioresource Management

Endophytic actinobacteria are a diverse group of Gram-positive bacteria with high G+C content, which inhabit plants’ internal tissues, and represent a significant yet underexplored reservoir of bioactive secondary metabolites. In host plants, a remarkable repertoire of metabolites, including broad-spectrum antibiotics, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory compounds, is synthesized by these microbial allies, carrying significant medicinal and agricultural potential. These endophytes, in contrast to their soil relatives, have developed unique biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) strongly influenced by plant-associated factors, leading to the production of structurally novel metabolites. In recent years, the advances in genome mining, metagenomics, and metabolomics have accelerated …

Liver Function Test (Lfts) Revealed Ameliorative Effect Of Probiotics And Antibiotics As Therapeutic Agents Against Experimentally Induced Enterotoxemia In Goat, Muhammad Mohsen, Jam Kashif Zaman, Amjad Hussain Mirani, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro, Benazir Sahito

Journal of Bioresource Management

Present study was conducted to evaluate the various liver enzymes in experimentally induced enterotoxemic goat inorder to ensure the therapeutic potential of probiotics and antibiotics. Experiment was conducted at Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam in which 35 non-descriptive goats were housed and experimenatally induced with enterotoxemia by inoculation of Clostridium perfringens culture surgically by performing laparotomy into intestine. After apperence of positive clinical signs of infection, goats were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups i.e. Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (positive control), Group 3 (yogurt, 5 % solution, 50 mL/time), Group 4 (Yeast, 5 % solution, …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Association Of Babesiosis In Cattle And Buffaloes In District Naushahro Feroze, Sindh, Pakistan, Kazim Raza, Amjad Hussain, Sajid Moin, Huzaifa Arain, Muhammad Mohsen, Maria Abubakar, Erum Bughio, Barkat Ali

Journal of Bioresource Management

Background: Bovine babesiosis is a protozoan disease that is transmitted by ticks and has significant veterinary and economic impacts on tropical livestock systems. Prior to this study, no epidemiological data was available of Sindh, Pakistan.

Purpose: To estimate the Babesia spp. prevalence and estimate the risk factors with respect to cattle and buffaloes in five tehsils of District Naushahro Feroze, Sindh, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using 200 blood samples (100 Thari cattle; 100 Kundhi buffaloes; both sexes) in five tehsils (Kandiaro, Moro, Mehrabpur, Bhiria and Naushahro Feroze). Thin blood smears under Giemsa stain were viewed under oil-immersion …

Wright State University's Celebration Of Student Research, Scholarship & Creative Activities From Wednesday, April 1, 2026, Wright State University

Celebration of Undergraduate & Graduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activities Materials

The student abstract booklet is a compilation of abstracts from students' oral and poster presentations at Wright State University's Celebration of Student Research, Scholarship & Creative Activities on April 1, 2026.

Evaluation Of Pinhole Castration Techniques Compare With Traditional Method For Castration In Rabbits, Wakash Oad, Faiz Muhammad Khand, Habibullah Janyaro, Muhammad Mohsen Rahimoon, Muhammad Ramzan, Dilpat Rai Menghwar, Benazir Sahito

Journal of Bioresource Management

Castration is a routine surgical intervention used to sterilize animals. Among the different conventional methods, the pinhole castration provides offer significant advantages. This study was conducted on 12 healthy male domestic rabbits at Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand, to evaluate the physiological impacts of traditional versus pinhole castration techniques. The rabbits were randomly divided into group A and group B with six rabbits per group. Key parameters included preoperative vital signs, intraoperative monitoring at 5, 10, and 15 minutes, intra- and postoperative complications, serum cortisol levels (preoperative, 24 hours, 5 and 10 days post-surgery) and …

The Count Of White Blood Cells And Body Mass Index In The Smoker Population Of Tehsil, Dhirkot, District Bagh, Badra Younis, Muhammad Shahbaz, Ayesha Chattha, Anum Sadiq, Zakia Arif, Syeda Sabahat Fiaz

Journal of Bioresource Management

During this study, a total of 145 blood samples was collected from individuals aged between 16-65 years from tehsil Dhir Kot. Among them, 110 were smokers and 35 were non-smokers. Samples were taken in an evacuated container having Ethylene Diamine Tetra acetic Acid. Leucocyte count was done by using a hemocytometer and body mass index (BMI) was measured by using the formula BMI= kg/m². Among the smokers, 53 (48 %) individuals have normal BMI and out of the normal BMI, 47 (89 %) individuals have normal BMI and normal WBCs, but 3 (6 %) smokers had normal BMI …

Enterotoxaemia In Goats: Prevalence, Etiology, Risk Factors, And Therapeutic Approaches: A Comprehensive Review, Muhammad Mohsen, Jam Kashif Zaman, Amjad Hussain Mirani, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro, Benazir Sahito

Journal of Bioresource Management

Enterotoxaemia remains one of the most severe and rapidly fatal diseases affecting goats, mainly caused by Clostridium perfringens types C and D. Despite widespread vaccination practices, the disease continues to produce significant health and economic losses, particularly in intensive and semi-intensive goat production systems. This review summarizes the current understanding of enterotoxaemia, focusing on its etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and updated therapeutic and preventive strategies. C. perfringens overgrows in the intestinal lumen under favorable conditions such as sudden dietary changes, high-energy feeding, or stress-related microbial imbalance. The toxins produced especially epsilon and beta induce intestinal necrosis, vascular …

Best Integrated Writing Spring 2026 - Complete Edition, Wright State University School Of Humanities And Cultural Studies, Tracy Smith, Kristie Mckiernan

Best Integrated Writing

Best Integrated Writing includes excellent student writing from Integrated Writing courses taught at Wright State University.

Bacteriophage Therapy For Antibiotic-Resistant Infections, Shiva Pariyar

Best Integrated Writing

Pariyar examines bacteriophage therapy as a promising alternative to antibiotics for treating multidrug-resistant infections, highlighting its targeted mechanism, ability to disrupt biofilms, and synergy with antibiotics. While challenges such as regulation, immune response, and limited clinical trials remain, the study argues that advances in biotechnology and global collaboration position phage therapy as a future cornerstone in combating antimicrobial resistance.

Exploring The Impact Of Education On Cardiovascular Health In Women: Sex Disparities, Symptom Recognition And Attribution, And Preventive Measures, Sydney Totten

Best Integrated Writing

Totten examines sex disparities in cardiovascular disease among women, emphasizing gaps in symptom recognition, treatment, and health education. Through a literature review and educational intervention, it demonstrates that targeted, nurse-led education can significantly improve women’s understanding of risk factors, symptoms, and disease management, ultimately supporting better health outcomes.

Pharmacokinetic Profiles Of Sertraline In Pregnancy As A Predictor Of Postpartum Depressive Symptoms, Sílvia M. Illamola, Zachary N. Stowe, Marc L. Kalin, Michael D. Evans, Catherine M.T. Sherwin, Maged M. Costantine, D. Jeffrey Newport, James C. Ritchie, Angela K. Birnbaum

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Aim: To characterize pharmacokinetic changes of sertraline and its metabolite during pregnancy and postpartum, and their relationship to maternal postpartum depressive symptoms. Methods: This was a prospective observational, longitudinal study of pregnant women with a major depressive disorder treated with sertraline (N = 185 women, 205 pregnancies). Women were enrolled at <16 weeks' gestation and followed at 4-8 week intervals throughout pregnancy and the first postpartum year. Baseline measures included structured clinical interviews and demographic information. Drug and metabolite concentrations and psychometric measures (study outcomes) (ie, Hamilton Rating Scale for depression - 17 item, Beck Depression Inventory, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS], Clinical Global Impression [CGI]) were measured at follow-up visits. Serum sertraline and N-desmethylsertraline exposure were reported asstandardized 24-h concentration-to-dose (C/D) and parent to metabolite (P/M) ratios. Linear mixed-effects and latent trajectory models were used to characterize longitudinal patterns in concentration measures across pregnancy and postpartum, and their association with study outcomes. Results: Mean 24-h C/D ratios showed high variability throughout pregnancy and postpartuM.T.hat were characterized by three trajectories for sertraline and five for N-desmethylsertraline and P/M ratio corresponding to different sertraline pharmacokinetic profiles. At postpartum, sertraline drug exposure was inversely associated with higher EPDS score (P < .05), while N-desmethylsertraline exposure was associated with higher scores for all measured depression scales (P < .001). Higher P/M ratios had higher CGI scores (P < .05) postpartum. Conclusion: Sertraline pharmacokinetic profiles varied across pregnant women and were associated with postpartum depressive symptoms. The use of therapeutic monitoring may provide clinical insight that can be useful for identifying patients with a potential toward depressive symptoms.

Child Poverty And Nutritional Health In Rural And Non-Rural Ohio Counties, Viraj Chegu, Macy Puthoff

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Child poverty is an ongoing issue in the United States, placing children at a risk of nutritional deficits. While community interventions and reduced price school lunch programs have improved food insecurity outcomes for children, there is limited knowledge of how these programs can alleviate potential health problems in rural versus urban areas. Thus, this project aims to compare various variables such as food environment index, food insecurity, and enrollment in reduced price school lunch among counties in Ohio of different poverty levels as well as whether the counties are rural or nonrural. Methods: Factors such as food insecurity, food environment …

Childhood Factors That Affect Adult Obesity In Ohio And Mississippi, Rhea Lal, Danielle Wolford

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Over 40% of adults in the United States struggle with obesity. While several social determinants of health have been tied to obesity, only limited research on the effect of childhood education, food environments, and physical activity resources on a state-wide level has been conducted. It is imperative that we identify connections between obesity, associated comorbidities, education, and SDoH as these will inform improvements in national social structures and healthcare systems. States Ohio (OH) and Mississippi (MS) differ in high school completion rates, food access, and exercise opportunities yet both states continue to experience rising adult obesity rates. This study analyzed …

Investigation Of Educational And Social Factors Affecting Health Outcomes In The United States, Maxx Cadmus, Saiprashanthi Thota

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Although increasing levels of educational attainment has been linked to stronger health outcomes in the United States, the mechanism behind this relationship and quantifiable relationship warrants further investigation. It is hypothesized that increasing level of educational achievement leads to improved job placement, higher wages, and improved health literacy, which directly contribute towards stronger health outcomes. The objective of this study was to further investigate the link between education and health outcomes through a variety of social and environmental parameters as reported in the County Health Rankings (CHR) dataset. Healthy counties were categorized as those that received a ranking of 5 …

Investigating The Relationship Between Drug Overdose Deaths, Excessive Alcohol Drinking, And Adult Smoking In Urban And Rural Ohio Counties In 2025, Sumin Byoun, Anne Griffin

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Deaths from drug overdoses have been increasing each year. Ohio ranks among states with the highest number of drug overdose deaths per year. There is a gap in the literature regarding discussions of how excessive alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking rates may predict drug overdose death rates in a community. First, this study investigates differences in excessive drinking, adult smoking, and drug overdose deaths between urban and rural counties in Ohio. Second, this study explores whether excessive drinking and smoking behaviors can predict drug overdose death rates in urban and rural Ohio counties. Data exclusive to Ohio counties was obtained …

Understanding The Impacts Of Food Insecurity On Education Outcomes In Ohio, Maria El Biri, Sreya Tummalapalli

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Background: Food insecurity has been a growing concern in the United States, and prior research has shown how food insecurity in youth can correspond to negative psychosocial outcomes. Additionally, there are known disparities with access to food based on living in rural or urban counties. Objective: The goal of this study was to determine how differences in food security can impact youth educational outcomes in Ohio. Methods: Data from County Health Rankings & Roadmaps were obtained on variables such as access to healthy foods, food insecurity, high school graduation rates, average grade performance, and percentage of the population living in …

Infant Mortality In Ohio, Isabella Bacon, Alexis Jackson

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Introduction: Infant mortality continues to occur at alarming rates that differ among various groups and states. Despite this, there has been a lack of intersectional examination of risk- and protective-factors. Methods: We examine how smoking status, education level, primary care to population ratio, teen birth rates, and urban vs rural status impact infant mortality rates in Ohio, Kentucky, Michigan, and Indiana using County Health Rankings data. Results: Ohio was shown to have no significant difference between urban and rural infant mortality rates; however,  risk-and-protective factors did differ. In urban counties, high school completion, teen birth rates, and primary care ratios …

Primary Care Access And Preventable Hospitalizations: A Multi-Variable Analysis Of Medicare Populations In California (2022–2025), Mariam Shenouda, Suchetha Shashi

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Background: Based on prior literature, limited access to primary care has been linked to higher preventable hospitalization rate. Particularly, rural communities often face physician shortages, contributing to disparities in health outcomes. Objective: To understand the relationship between primary care access and preventable hospitalization rates among medicare populations in California. Methods: The data was gathered from County Health Rankings & Roadmaps for 56 California counties, excluding Sierra and Alpine. This study used unpaired t-tests to determine the difference in the PCP ratio and preventable hospitalization rate between rural and urban counties in California in 2025. A paired t-test was performed to …

Factors Affecting Percentage Of Low Birth Weight In Ohio, Maureen Schmid, Mira Krishnan

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

A multitude of environmental factors correlate to negative outcomes on maternal and fetal health such as low birth weight. While studies reveal that housing quality, air pollution, and stress contribute to negative birth outcomes, it is unclear which housing factors have the greatest impact and how rural, suburban, and urban settings in the U.S. differ. The objective of this study was to delve into how environmental factors such as housing quality and community type impact low birth weight in Ohio. This study used publicly available data from County Health Rankings and Roadmaps to examine how different housing conditions correlate to …

Exploring Demographic Factors Relating To Low Birth Weight In Rural Vs Urban Ohio, Meghan Curran, Jessica Terrell

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Although medical advancements have improved the outcomes for infants born with low birth weight (LBW), these interventions are very expensive and low birth weight still was attributed to 16.1% of infant deaths in the United States in 20201. By understanding the factors that influence the incidence of low birth weight in the United States, preventative measures can be implemented to reduce the need for costly interventions and enhance infant health outcomes. In this study, we focused on 38 counties in Ohio that had either 75% or greater rural regions or 30% or less rural regions. Additionally, we focused on four …

Revisiting The Faith Trial: A Secondary Analysis Yielding Novel Insights With The Win Ratio, Sofia Bzovsky, Nathan N. O'Hara, Gerard P. Slobogean, Sheila Sprague, Daniel E. Axelrod, Graeme Hoit, Kiara Pannozzo, Mohit Bhandari, Marc Swiontkowski, Emil Schemitsch, Rudolf W. Poolman, The Faith Investigators

Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Publications

Background: Many orthopaedic trials use any unplanned reoperation as the primary outcome, but this overlooks how patients experience those outcomes. Using a high-quality hip fracture trial, we demonstrate how the relative importance of multiple patient-important outcomes can be effectively incorporated into data analysis, providing a more comprehensive understanding of treatment impact. Methods: This secondary analysis of the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip Fracture (FAITH) trial included 1,079 patients aged 50 years or older with a low-energy femoral neck fracture who were randomly assigned to treatment with a sliding hip screw or cancellous screws. The original trial …

The Evolving Therapeutic Landscape Of Nanoscale Cancer Drug Delivery Systems: Future Perspectives, Nafeesa Qudsia Hanif, Bushra Arshad, Anila Fariq, Syed Imam Hussain Abidi, Sohail Ameer Marwat, Aneela Fatima

Journal of Bioresource Management

Cancer is one of the main causes of deaths in the world. Conventional cancer therapeutic approaches such as chemo- and radiotherapy have burdened the cancer patients with arduous physical and psychological challenges. Moreover, in case of onset of this disease, huge amount is required against the medications (chemotherapy and radiotherapy). It is estimated that annually, the increasing cancer disease incidence rate is alarming. In developed countries, the health support is given by the nation. Therefore, the health managements in the developed nations are over-burdened due to heavy expanses against expansive cancer therapy treatments. Interestingly, tumor treatments have undergone a comprehensive …

Seroprevalence And Risk Determinants Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection In Pregnant Women In Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study, Tajul Haram, Kamran Khan

Journal of Bioresource Management

Toxoplasma gondii is a globally important zoonotic parasite, and maternal infection during pregnancy may cause miscarriage, congenital anomalies, or severe neonatal complications. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 367 pregnant women attending hospitals in District Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, to evaluate the seroprevalence of T. gondii and associated risk factors. Blood samples were analyzed using Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) for initial screening, and positive cases were confirmed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Overall, 34.6 % (127/367) of women tested positive. While no significant differences were observed across age groups, gestational trimesters, or abortion history, higher prevalence was noted in women …

Review On The War Against Glioblastoma Multiforme Tumors, Liv Baldasare

Best Integrated Writing

This review article discusses different treatment approaches for glioblastoma multiforme tumors. The lethal characteristics of the glioblastoma are defined in depth. Risk factors, such as career firefighting, are explored, and the effect socioeconomic status has on prognosis is evaluated. The endocannabinoid system is defined, and its role in lowering rates of proliferation for glioblastoma tumors is discussed. Immunotherapies for glioblastomas are reviewed. Specifically, the current clinical trials on an Australian physician who is battling his own glioblastoma are discussed. Importantly, this physician is using his own treatment regimen and has been having clear scans for 18 months.

Best Integrated Writing Fall 2025 - Complete Edition, Wright State University School Of Humanities And Cultural Studies, Tracy Smith, Kristie Mckiernan

Best Integrated Writing

Best Integrated Writing includes excellent student writing from Integrated Writing courses taught at Wright State University.

An Evaluation Of Virtual Supervision Effectiveness Within Department Of Veterans Affairs (Va) Health Professionals Training Programs, Linda M. Kawentel, John P. Donnelly, Kaylee W. Burgan, Gezan M. Yahya, Joanna S. Doredla, Jessica L. Johnson, Kimberly Falco, Marjorie A. Bowman, John Byrne, Nicholas W. Bowersox

Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background Limited information exists on whether virtual training is equivalent to traditional in-person training in supporting the development of clinical providers. Methods A multi-site evaluation using survey methods was conducted with a multidisciplinary group of health professions trainees and supervisors within the Veterans Health Administration to assess the equivalence of two supervision modalities – exclusively in-person supervision and supervision incorporating at least some virtual supervision – on trainee clinical competency development, trainee preparedness to respond to patient emergencies, and effective trainee/supervisor working relationships. Results Trainees who experienced some virtual supervision rated their clinical competency levels as higher than trainees with …

A Novel Maturation Equation For Hepatic Clearance Across Preterm, Term Neonates, Children, And Adults: Application To Paracetamol And Its Metabolite, Yunjiao Wu, Swantje Völler, Sebastiaan C. Goulooze, Karel Allegaert, Catherine M.T. Sherwin, Anne Van Rongen, Daniëlla W. E. Roofthooft, Sinno H.P. Simons, Dick Tibboel, Robert B. Flint, John N. Van Den Anker, Catherijne A.J. Knibbe

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

A preterm and term neonate to adult (PTNA) maturation equation was introduced recently to describe the glomerular filtration rate maturation from birth to adulthood for neonates of varying gestational age. This study aims to evaluate the newly developed PTNA equation against common maturation approaches like allometric scaling (AS0.75), the AS0.75 plus postmenstrual age (PMA)-based Emax (AS0.75 + PMA) equation, and the bodyweight dependent exponent equation (BDE) for the maturation of three hepatic pathways of paracetamol (PCM) from preterm and term neonates up to adults. A population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted with pooled plasma and urine data of PCM, PCM-glucuronide (PCM-GLU), …

Telehealth And Virtual Supervision Practices For Health Professions Education In The Department Of Veterans Affairs, Nancy D. Harada, Kimberly Falco, Marjorie Bowman, John M. Byrne

Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background Telehealth and virtual supervision practices in health professions clinical education has grown rapidly, including in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) which oversees the largest interprofessional training effort in the United States. Telehealth is the provision of healthcare that is provided remotely through telecommunication technology, and virtual supervision is clinical supervision of health professions trainees (HPTs) that occurs through telecommunication technology. In this study we evaluate participation in telehealth and virtual supervision for physician, nursing, and associated health HPTs, and describe prevalent themes concerning HPT perceptions of telehealth and virtual supervision. Methods The survey study cohort included 10,865 HPTs …