Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Diseases (207)
- Public Health (185)
- Sports Sciences (183)
- Nursing (148)
- Medical Specialties (91)
-
- Medical Sciences (76)
- Neurosciences (63)
- Oncology (54)
- Rehabilitation and Therapy (50)
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (47)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (43)
- Nursing Midwifery (41)
- Epidemiology (39)
- Life Sciences (29)
- Maternal, Child Health and Neonatal Nursing (29)
- Chemicals and Drugs (28)
- Psychology (28)
- Public Health Education and Promotion (27)
- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment (21)
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (21)
- Psychiatry and Psychology (21)
- Mental and Social Health (20)
- Education (17)
- Communication Sciences and Disorders (15)
- Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene (13)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (13)
- Therapeutics (12)
- Medical Genetics (10)
- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases (10)
- Keyword
-
- [RSTDPub] (76)
- Exercise (45)
- Cancer (41)
- Dementia (37)
- COVID-19 (33)
-
- Physical activity (29)
- Alzheimer's disease (28)
- Cannabis (27)
- Alzheimer’s disease (24)
- Diet (24)
- Cannabinoid (22)
- Inflammation (22)
- Epigenotoxicity (21)
- Genotoxicity (21)
- Biomarkers (20)
- Mental health (20)
- Children (19)
- Resistance training (19)
- Australia (18)
- Immunotherapy (18)
- Stroke (18)
- Aboriginal (17)
- Older adults (17)
- Risk factors (17)
- Systematic review (17)
- Cognition (16)
- Public health (16)
- Nursing (15)
- Quality of life (15)
- Rehabilitation (15)
- Publication Year
Articles 1 - 30 of 1250
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Co-Designing A Digital Family-Led Intervention For Delirium Prevention And Management In Adult Critically Ill Patients: An Application Of The Double Diamond Design Process, Gideon U. Johnson, Amanda Towell-Barnard, Christopher Mclean, Glenn Robert, Beverley Ewens
Co-Designing A Digital Family-Led Intervention For Delirium Prevention And Management In Adult Critically Ill Patients: An Application Of The Double Diamond Design Process, Gideon U. Johnson, Amanda Towell-Barnard, Christopher Mclean, Glenn Robert, Beverley Ewens
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Co-designing healthcare interventions is gaining recognition as a novel and collaborative method. Co-design involves end-users from the start, ensuring that an intervention best meets their needs. Despite its potential benefits, this approach is not yet widely used in developing clinical interventions within intensive care units where the perspectives of patients, family members, and clinicians are crucial. Objective: To describe the application, benefits and challenges of the Double Diamond model to co-design a digital family-led voice reorientation intervention for delirium prevention and management in critically ill adult patients. Methods: The co-design process was guided by the Double Diamond model over …
Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Obesity Among Undergraduate Student Population In Ghana: An Evaluation Study Of Body Composition Indices, Christian Obirikorang, Evans A. Adu, Enoch O. Anto, Anthony A. A. Awuah, Angela N. B. Fynn, George Osei-Somuah, Patience N. Ansong, Alexander O. Boakye, Ivy Ofori-Boadu, Yaa Obirikorang, Austin G. Adobasom-Anane, Eric N. Y. Nyarko, Lois Balmer
Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Obesity Among Undergraduate Student Population In Ghana: An Evaluation Study Of Body Composition Indices, Christian Obirikorang, Evans A. Adu, Enoch O. Anto, Anthony A. A. Awuah, Angela N. B. Fynn, George Osei-Somuah, Patience N. Ansong, Alexander O. Boakye, Ivy Ofori-Boadu, Yaa Obirikorang, Austin G. Adobasom-Anane, Eric N. Y. Nyarko, Lois Balmer
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Obesity is a classified risk factor for several of the world’s leading causes of death. In this study, we combined information contained in body mass index (BMI), total percentage body fat (TPBF) and relative fat mass (RFM) to estimate obesity prevalence and examine the risk factors associated with obesity. Methods: The study recruited 1027 undergraduate students aged between 16 and 25 years using a cross-sectional study design and two-stage stratified random sampling between January and April 2019 from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. Demographic, lifestyle, and family history of chronic disease data, were collected …
Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Discrete Tumour Microenvironments And Autocrine Loops Within Ovarian Cancer Subclones, Elena Denisenko, Leanne De Kock, Adeline Tan, Aaron B. Beasley, Maria Beilin, Matthew E. Jones, Rui Hou, Dáithí Ó Muirí, Sanela Bilic, G. Raj K. A. Mohan, Stuart Salfinger, Simon Fox, Khaing P. W. Hmon, Yen Yeow, Youngmi Kim, Rhea John, Tami S. Gilderman, Emily Killingbeck, Elin S. Gray, Paul A. Cohen, Yu Yu, Alistair R. R. Forrest
Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Discrete Tumour Microenvironments And Autocrine Loops Within Ovarian Cancer Subclones, Elena Denisenko, Leanne De Kock, Adeline Tan, Aaron B. Beasley, Maria Beilin, Matthew E. Jones, Rui Hou, Dáithí Ó Muirí, Sanela Bilic, G. Raj K. A. Mohan, Stuart Salfinger, Simon Fox, Khaing P. W. Hmon, Yen Yeow, Youngmi Kim, Rhea John, Tami S. Gilderman, Emily Killingbeck, Elin S. Gray, Paul A. Cohen, Yu Yu, Alistair R. R. Forrest
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is genetically unstable and characterised by the presence of subclones with distinct genotypes. Intratumoural heterogeneity is linked to recurrence, chemotherapy resistance, and poor prognosis. Here, we use spatial transcriptomics to identify HGSOC subclones and study their association with infiltrating cell populations. Visium spatial transcriptomics reveals multiple tumour subclones with different copy number alterations present within individual tumour sections. These subclones differentially express various ligands and receptors and are predicted to differentially associate with different stromal and immune cell populations. In one sample, CosMx single molecule imaging reveals subclones differentially associating with immune cell populations, fibroblasts, …
Dual-Trajectory Of Tyg Levels And Lifestyle Scores And Their Associations With Ischemic Stroke In A Non-Diabetic Population: A Cohort Study, Hui Zhou, Xiong Ding, Yulong Lan, Wei Fang, Xiaojie Yuan, Yan Tian, Shuohua Chen, Shouling Wu, Dan Wu
Dual-Trajectory Of Tyg Levels And Lifestyle Scores And Their Associations With Ischemic Stroke In A Non-Diabetic Population: A Cohort Study, Hui Zhou, Xiong Ding, Yulong Lan, Wei Fang, Xiaojie Yuan, Yan Tian, Shuohua Chen, Shouling Wu, Dan Wu
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: The Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, has been implicated in the risk of ischemic stroke. However, the interplay between TyG levels, lifestyle factors, and their collective impact on stroke risk in non-diabetic populations remains inadequately explored. This study aims to evaluate the association of ischemic stroke with the joint development of the TyG index and lifestyle in the non-diabetic population. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, data was collected across three consecutive biennial surveys of the Kailuan Study from 2006 to 2011. The dual-trajectory model was used to determine the temporal development of TyG levels …
Metabolomic-Derived Endotypes Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (Amd): A Step Towards Identification Of Disease Subgroups, Kevin Mendez, Ines Lains, Rachel S. Kelly, João Gil, Rufino Silva, John Miller, Demetrios G. Vavvas, Ivana Kim, Joan Miller, Liming Liang, Jessica A. Lasky-Su, Deeba Husain
Metabolomic-Derived Endotypes Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (Amd): A Step Towards Identification Of Disease Subgroups, Kevin Mendez, Ines Lains, Rachel S. Kelly, João Gil, Rufino Silva, John Miller, Demetrios G. Vavvas, Ivana Kim, Joan Miller, Liming Liang, Jessica A. Lasky-Su, Deeba Husain
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide, with a complex pathophysiology and phenotypic diversity. Here, we apply Similarity Network Fusion (SNF) to cluster AMD patients into putative metabolomics-derived endotypes. Using a discovery cohort of 163 AMD patients from Boston, US, and a validation cohort of 214 patients from Coimbra, Portugal, we identified four distinct metabolomics-derived endotypes with varying retinal structural and functional characteristics, confirmed across both cohorts. Patients clustered into Endotype 1 exhibited a milder form of AMD and were characterized by low levels of amino acids in specific metabolic pathways. Meanwhile, patients clustered into both …
Exploring Drivers Of Women’S Well-Being In Hospitals: Mapping The Landscape, Mitra Faghihi, Aliasghar Farshad, Nasim Salehi, Dean Whitehead, Masoud Motalebi Ghayen, Bahar Izadi, Morteza Mansourian
Exploring Drivers Of Women’S Well-Being In Hospitals: Mapping The Landscape, Mitra Faghihi, Aliasghar Farshad, Nasim Salehi, Dean Whitehead, Masoud Motalebi Ghayen, Bahar Izadi, Morteza Mansourian
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background and purpose: The workplace plays a key role in impacting the health and well-being of employees at various levels, including physical, psychological, and social aspects of health. This study aims to identify the drivers of a healthy environment that promotes the well-being of women employed in hospitals. Materials & methods: This qualitative study used purposive sampling to recruit a total of 48 working women across a diverse range of participants with different job categories and socio-demographic statuses. These include clinical health (e.g., nurse, head nurse, practical nurse, supervisor, physicians); allied health (e.g., diagnostic services); public health (e.g., health promotion …
Rapid Profiling Of Carcinogenic Types Of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Via Deep Learning Analysis Of Label-Free Sers Spectra Of Human Serum, Fen Li, Yu Ting Si, Jia Wei Tang, Zeeshan Umar, Xue Song Xiong, Jin Ting Wang, Quan Yuan, Alfred Chin Yen Tay, Eng Guan Chua, Li Zhang, Barry J. Marshall, Wei Xuan Yang, Bing Gu, Liang Wang
Rapid Profiling Of Carcinogenic Types Of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Via Deep Learning Analysis Of Label-Free Sers Spectra Of Human Serum, Fen Li, Yu Ting Si, Jia Wei Tang, Zeeshan Umar, Xue Song Xiong, Jin Ting Wang, Quan Yuan, Alfred Chin Yen Tay, Eng Guan Chua, Li Zhang, Barry J. Marshall, Wei Xuan Yang, Bing Gu, Liang Wang
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
WHO classified Helicobacter pylori as a Group I carcinogen for gastric cancer as early as 1994. However, despite the high prevalence of H. pylori infection, only about 3 % of infected individuals eventually develop gastric cancer, with the highly virulent H. pylori strains expressing cytotoxin-associated protein (CagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) being critical factors in gastric carcinogenesis. It is well known that H. pylori infection is divided into two types in terms of the presence and absence of CagA and VacA toxins in serum, that is, carcinogenic Type I infection (CagA+/VacA+, CagA+/VacA-, CagA-/VacA+) and non-carcinogenic Type II infection (CagA-/VacA-). Currently, …
It’S About Time: Mitigating Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairments Through Findings From Computational Models Of The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, Darren Haywood, Frank D. Baughman, Evan Dauer, Jennifer Haywood, Susan Rossell, Nicolas H. Hart
It’S About Time: Mitigating Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairments Through Findings From Computational Models Of The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, Darren Haywood, Frank D. Baughman, Evan Dauer, Jennifer Haywood, Susan Rossell, Nicolas H. Hart
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Many cancer survivors experience cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), often with significant negative consequences across various life domains. Emerging evidence suggests that allowing additional time to process information before acting may be a useful strategy for those with CRCI to mitigate some of its impacts. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST), a measure of general cognition, has shown that for some cancer survivors, longer task completion time facilitates similar task performance outcomes to control populations concerning perseveration errors; a key performance metric of the WCST. However, assessing if this strategy may be useful, as well as determining for whom it …
Association Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease And Cancer Risk: Evidence Triangulation From Genetic Correlation, Mendelian Randomization, And Colocalization Analyses Across East Asian And European Populations, Di Liu, Meiling Cao, Haotian Wang, Weijie Cao, Chenguang Zheng, Yun Li, Youxin Wang
Association Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease And Cancer Risk: Evidence Triangulation From Genetic Correlation, Mendelian Randomization, And Colocalization Analyses Across East Asian And European Populations, Di Liu, Meiling Cao, Haotian Wang, Weijie Cao, Chenguang Zheng, Yun Li, Youxin Wang
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has been associated with several cancer risks in observational studies, but the observed associations have been inconsistent and may face the bias of confounding and reverse causality. The potential causal relationships between IBD and the risk of cancers remain largely unclear. Methods: We performed genome-wide linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), standard two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), and colocalization analyses using summary genome-wide association study (GWAS) data across East Asian and European populations to evaluate the causal relationships between IBD and cancers. Sensitivity analyses for the MR approach …
Joint Association Of Tyg Index And High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein With Cardiovascular Disease: A National Cohort Study, Cancan Cui, Lin Liu, Yitian Qi, Ning Han, Haikun Xu, Zhijia Wang, Xinyun Shang, Tianjiao Han, Yining Zha, Xin Wei, Zhiyuan Wu
Joint Association Of Tyg Index And High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein With Cardiovascular Disease: A National Cohort Study, Cancan Cui, Lin Liu, Yitian Qi, Ning Han, Haikun Xu, Zhijia Wang, Xinyun Shang, Tianjiao Han, Yining Zha, Xin Wei, Zhiyuan Wu
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Both the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation are predictors of cardiovascular diseases; however, little is known about the coexposures and relative contributions of TyG index and inflammation to cardiovascular diseases. Using the nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we conducted longitudinal analyses to evaluate the joint and mutual associations of the TyG index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with cardiovascular events in middle-aged and older Chinese population. Methods: This study comprised 8 658 participants aged at least 45 years from the CHARLS 2011 who are …
Enhancing Circulatory Myokines And Extracellular Vesicle Uptake With Targeted Exercise In Patients With Prostate Cancer (The Myex Trial): A Single-Group Crossover Study, Jin Soo Kim, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvão, Timothy D. Clay, Andrew D. Redfern, Elin S. Gray, Robert U. Newton
Enhancing Circulatory Myokines And Extracellular Vesicle Uptake With Targeted Exercise In Patients With Prostate Cancer (The Myex Trial): A Single-Group Crossover Study, Jin Soo Kim, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvão, Timothy D. Clay, Andrew D. Redfern, Elin S. Gray, Robert U. Newton
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Introduction: Physical activity is associated with improved disease progression and cancer-specific survival in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear, while the relative impact of exercise modes is unknown. This study aims to examine the differential impact of exercise mode on tumour-suppressive skeletal muscle-associated systemic molecules as well as their delivery mechanism. This study will compare the effects of the two main exercise modes, aerobic and resistance, on (1) circulatory myokine levels, (2) skeletal muscle-induced extracellular vesicle abundance and cargo contents, and (3) uptake of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in PCa cells in patients with …
Process Evaluation Of A Randomised Controlled Trial Intervention Designed To Improve Rehabilitation Services For Aboriginal Australians After Brain Injury: The Healing Right Way Trial, Judith M. Katzenellenbogen, Jane White, Melanie Robinson, Sandra C. Thompson, Amy Epstein, Mandy Stanley, Jane Klobas, Emma Haynes, Elizabeth A. Armstrong, Juli Coffin, Rachel Skoss
Process Evaluation Of A Randomised Controlled Trial Intervention Designed To Improve Rehabilitation Services For Aboriginal Australians After Brain Injury: The Healing Right Way Trial, Judith M. Katzenellenbogen, Jane White, Melanie Robinson, Sandra C. Thompson, Amy Epstein, Mandy Stanley, Jane Klobas, Emma Haynes, Elizabeth A. Armstrong, Juli Coffin, Rachel Skoss
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Healing Right Way (HRW) aimed to improve health outcomes for Aboriginal Australians with stroke or traumatic brain injury by facilitating system-level access to culturally secure rehabilitation services. Using a stepped-wedge randomised controlled trial (RCT) design (ACTRN12618000139279, 30/01/2018), a two-pronged intervention was introduced in four rural and four urban hospitals, comprising 1.Cultural security training (CST) for staff and 2.Training/employment of Aboriginal Brain Injury Coordinators (ABIC) to support Aboriginal patients for 6-months post-injury. Three-quarters of recruited patients lived rurally. The main outcome measure was quality-of-life, with secondary outcomes including functional measures, minimum processes of care (MPC); number rehabilitation occasions of service …
Patient Experiences: A Qualitative Systematic Review Of Chemotherapy Adherence, Amineh Rashidi, Susma Thapa, Wasana Sandamali Kahawaththa Palliya Guruge, Shubhpreet Kaur
Patient Experiences: A Qualitative Systematic Review Of Chemotherapy Adherence, Amineh Rashidi, Susma Thapa, Wasana Sandamali Kahawaththa Palliya Guruge, Shubhpreet Kaur
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Adherence to chemotherapy treatment is recognized as a crucial health concern, especially in managing cancer patients. Chemotherapy presents challenges for patients, as it can lead to potential side effects that may adversely affect their mobility and overall function. Patients may sometimes neglect to communicate these side effects to health professionals, which can impact treatment management and leave their unresolved needs unaddressed. However, there is limited understanding of how patients’ experiences contribute to improving adherence to chemotherapy treatment and the provision of appropriate support. Therefore, gaining insights into patients’ experiences is crucial for enhancing the accompaniment and support provided during chemotherapy. …
The Impact Of Armed Conflicts On Hiv Treatment Outcomes In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Hafte Kahsay Kebede, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin, Paul Ward
The Impact Of Armed Conflicts On Hiv Treatment Outcomes In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Hafte Kahsay Kebede, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin, Paul Ward
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Despite the fact that Sub-Saharan Africa bears a disproportionate burden of armed conflicts and HIV infection, there has been inadequate synthesis of the impact of armed conflict on HIV treatment outcomes. We summarized the available evidence on the impact of armed conflicts on HIV treatment outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2002 to 2022. Methods: We searched four databases; MEDLINE, PubMed, CINHAL, and Scopus. We also explored grey literature sources and reviewed the bibliographies of all articles to identify any additional relevant studies. We included quantitative studies published in English from January 1, 2002 to December 30, 2022 that reported …
The Impact Of Elder Abuse Training On Subacute Health Providers And Older Adults: Study Protocol For A Randomized Control Trial, Marina G. Cavuoto, Simona Markusevska, Catriona Stevens, Patricia Reyes, Gianna Renshaw, Micah D.J. Peters, Briony Dow, Peter Feldman, Andrew Gilbert, Elizabeth Manias, Duncan Mortimer, Joanne Enticott, Claudia Cooper, Josefine Antoniades, Brenda Appleton, Sigrid Nakrem, Meghan O’Brien, Joan Ostaszkiewicz, Marion Eckert, Cheryl Durston, Bianca Brijnath
The Impact Of Elder Abuse Training On Subacute Health Providers And Older Adults: Study Protocol For A Randomized Control Trial, Marina G. Cavuoto, Simona Markusevska, Catriona Stevens, Patricia Reyes, Gianna Renshaw, Micah D.J. Peters, Briony Dow, Peter Feldman, Andrew Gilbert, Elizabeth Manias, Duncan Mortimer, Joanne Enticott, Claudia Cooper, Josefine Antoniades, Brenda Appleton, Sigrid Nakrem, Meghan O’Brien, Joan Ostaszkiewicz, Marion Eckert, Cheryl Durston, Bianca Brijnath
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Elder abuse often goes unreported and undetected. Older people may be ashamed, fearful, or otherwise reticent to disclose abuse, and many health providers are not confident in asking about it. In the No More Shame study, we will evaluate a co-designed, multi-component intervention that aims to improve health providers’ recognition, response, and referral of elder abuse. Methods: This is a single-blinded, pragmatic, cluster randomised controlled trial. Ten subacute hospital sites (i.e. clusters) across Australia will be allocated 1:1, stratified by state to a multi-component intervention comprising a training programme for health providers, implementation of a screening tool and use …
Pain Prevalence, Intensity, And Association With Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Of Dementia In Immigrant And Non-Immigrant Aged Care Residents In Australia, Pelden Chejor, Mustafa Atee, Patricia Cain, Daniel Whiting, Thomas Morris, Davina Porock
Pain Prevalence, Intensity, And Association With Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Of Dementia In Immigrant And Non-Immigrant Aged Care Residents In Australia, Pelden Chejor, Mustafa Atee, Patricia Cain, Daniel Whiting, Thomas Morris, Davina Porock
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Pain recognition for culturally diverse people is complex as pain experience is subjective and influenced by cultural background. We compared the prevalence, intensity, and association of pain with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) between immigrants and non-immigrants living with dementia in residential aged care homes (RACHs) who were referred to two Dementia Support Australia programs. Immigrant status was defined by the documented country of birth. Pain and NPS were assessed using PainChek® and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, respectively. Subgroup analyses were also completed for English-speaking and non-English-speaking immigrants. A total of 17,637 referrals [immigrants, n = 6340; non-immigrants, n = 11,297] from 2792 …
Caesarean Section And Associated Factors In Nigeria: Assessing Inequalities Between Rural And Urban Areas—Insights From The Nigeria Demographic And Health Survey 2018, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, Wole Akosile, Victory Olutuase, Aaron Akpu Philip, Rhoda Olaleru, Mary I. Adewuyi, Asa Auta, Vishnu Khanal
Caesarean Section And Associated Factors In Nigeria: Assessing Inequalities Between Rural And Urban Areas—Insights From The Nigeria Demographic And Health Survey 2018, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, Wole Akosile, Victory Olutuase, Aaron Akpu Philip, Rhoda Olaleru, Mary I. Adewuyi, Asa Auta, Vishnu Khanal
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Introduction: When medically indicated, caesarean section (CS) can be a life-saving intervention for mothers and their newborns. This study assesses the prevalence of CS and its associated factors, focussing on inequalities between rural and urban areas in Nigeria. Methods: We disaggregated the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2018 and performed analyses separately for Nigeria’s overall, rural, and urban residences. We summarised data using frequency tabulations and identified factors associated with CS through multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: CS prevalence was 2.7% in Nigeria (overall), 5.2% in urban and 1.2% in rural areas. The North-West region had the lowest prevalence of …
Clearance And Transport Of Amyloid Β By Peripheral Monocytes Correlate With Alzheimer’S Disease Progression, Xin Huang, Chris Fowler, Yihan Li, Qiao Xin Li, Jiaqi Sun, Yijun Pan, Liang Jin, Keyla A. Perez, Céline Dubois, Yen Y. Lim, Candace Drysdale, Rebecca L. Rumble, Holly R. Chinnery, Christopher C. Rowe, Ralph N. Martins, Paul Maruff, James D. Doecke, Yong Lin, Abdel A. Belaidi, Kevin J. Barnham, Colin L. Masters, Ben J. Gu
Clearance And Transport Of Amyloid Β By Peripheral Monocytes Correlate With Alzheimer’S Disease Progression, Xin Huang, Chris Fowler, Yihan Li, Qiao Xin Li, Jiaqi Sun, Yijun Pan, Liang Jin, Keyla A. Perez, Céline Dubois, Yen Y. Lim, Candace Drysdale, Rebecca L. Rumble, Holly R. Chinnery, Christopher C. Rowe, Ralph N. Martins, Paul Maruff, James D. Doecke, Yong Lin, Abdel A. Belaidi, Kevin J. Barnham, Colin L. Masters, Ben J. Gu
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Impaired clearance of amyloid β (Aβ) in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects disease progression. The role of peripheral monocytes in Aβ clearance from the central nervous system (CNS) is unclear. We use a flow cytometry assay to identify Aβ-binding monocytes in blood, validated by confocal microscopy, Western blotting, and mass spectrometry. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping and correlation with AD biomarkers are studied in 150 participants from the AIBL study. We also examine monocytes in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and their migration in an APP/PS1 mouse model. The assay reveals macrophage-like Aβ-binding monocytes with high phagocytic potential in both the periphery and …
Australasian Malignant Pleural Effusion (Ample)-4 Trial: Study Protocol For A Multi-Centre Randomised Trial Of Topical Antibiotics Prophylaxis For Infections Of Indwelling Pleural Catheters, Estee P. M. Lau, Matthew Ing, Sona Vekaria, Ai L. Tan, Chloe Charlesworth, Edward Fysh, Ranjan Shrestha, Elaine L. C. Yap, Nicola A. Smith, Benjamin C. H. Kwan, Tajalli Saghaie, Bapti Roy, John Goddard, Sanjeevan Muruganandan, Arash Badiei, Phan Nguyen, Mohamed F. A. Hamid, Vineeth George, Deirdre Fitzgerald, Nick Maskell, David Feller-Kopman, Kevin Murray, Aron Chakera, Y. C. Gary Lee
Australasian Malignant Pleural Effusion (Ample)-4 Trial: Study Protocol For A Multi-Centre Randomised Trial Of Topical Antibiotics Prophylaxis For Infections Of Indwelling Pleural Catheters, Estee P. M. Lau, Matthew Ing, Sona Vekaria, Ai L. Tan, Chloe Charlesworth, Edward Fysh, Ranjan Shrestha, Elaine L. C. Yap, Nicola A. Smith, Benjamin C. H. Kwan, Tajalli Saghaie, Bapti Roy, John Goddard, Sanjeevan Muruganandan, Arash Badiei, Phan Nguyen, Mohamed F. A. Hamid, Vineeth George, Deirdre Fitzgerald, Nick Maskell, David Feller-Kopman, Kevin Murray, Aron Chakera, Y. C. Gary Lee
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a debilitating condition as it commonly causes disabling breathlessness and impairs quality of life (QoL). Indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) offers an effective alternative for the management of MPE. However, IPC-related infections remain a significant concern and there are currently no long-term strategies for their prevention. The Australasian Malignant PLeural Effusion (AMPLE)-4 trial is a multicentre randomised trial that evaluates the use of topical mupirocin prophylaxis (vs no mupirocin) to reduce catheter-related infections in patients with MPE treated with an IPC. Methods: A pragmatic, multi-centre, open-labelled, randomised trial. Eligible patients with MPE and an IPC …
Associations Of Metabolic Changes And Polygenic Risk Scores With Cardiovascular Outcomes And All-Cause Mortality Across Bmi Categories: A Prospective Cohort Study, Cancan Li, Xiaoni Meng, Jie Zhang, Haotian Wang, Huimin Lu, Meiling Cao, Shengzhi Sun, Youxin Wang
Associations Of Metabolic Changes And Polygenic Risk Scores With Cardiovascular Outcomes And All-Cause Mortality Across Bmi Categories: A Prospective Cohort Study, Cancan Li, Xiaoni Meng, Jie Zhang, Haotian Wang, Huimin Lu, Meiling Cao, Shengzhi Sun, Youxin Wang
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Associations between metabolic status and metabolic changes with the risk of cardiovascular outcomes have been reported. However, the role of genetic susceptibility underlying these associations remains unexplored. We aimed to examine how metabolic status, metabolic transitions, and genetic susceptibility collectively impact cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality across diverse body mass index (BMI) categories. Methods: In our analysis of the UK Biobank, we included a total of 481,576 participants (mean age: 56.55; male: 45.9%) at baseline. Metabolically healthy (MH) status was defined by the presence of < 3 abnormal components (waist circumstance, blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Normal weight, overweight, and obesity were defined as 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2, 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2, and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, respectively. Genetic predisposition was estimated using the polygenic risk score (PRS). Cox regressions were performed to evaluate the associations of metabolic status, metabolic transitions, and PRS with cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality across BMI categories. Results: During a median follow-up of 14.38 years, 31,883 (7.3%) all-cause deaths, 8133 (1.8%) cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths, and 67,260 (14.8%) CVD cases were documented. Among those with a high PRS, individuals classified as metabolically healthy overweight had the lowest risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratios [HR] 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65, 0.76) and CVD mortality (HR 0.57; 95% CI 0.50, 0.64) compared to those who were metabolically unhealthy obesity, with the beneficial associations appearing to be greater in the moderate and low PRS groups. Individuals who were metabolically healthy normal weight had the lowest risk of CVD morbidity (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.51, 0.57). Furthermore, the inverse associations of metabolic status and PRS with cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality across BMI categories were more pronounced among individuals younger than 65 years (Pinteraction < 0.05). Additionally, the combined protective effects of metabolic transitions and PRS on these outcomes among BMI categories were observed. Conclusions: MH status and a low PRS are associated with a lower risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality across all BMI categories. This protective effect is particularly pronounced in individuals younger than 65 years. Further research is required to confirm these findings in diverse populations and to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.)
Higher Habitual Intakes Of Flavonoids And Flavonoid-Rich Foods Are Associated With A Lower Incidence Of Type 2 Diabetes In The Uk Biobank Cohort, Alysha S. Thompson, Amy Jennings, Nicola P. Bondonno, Anna Tresserra-Rimbau, Benjamin H. Parmenter, Claire Hill, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Tilman Kühn, Aedín Cassidy
Higher Habitual Intakes Of Flavonoids And Flavonoid-Rich Foods Are Associated With A Lower Incidence Of Type 2 Diabetes In The Uk Biobank Cohort, Alysha S. Thompson, Amy Jennings, Nicola P. Bondonno, Anna Tresserra-Rimbau, Benjamin H. Parmenter, Claire Hill, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Tilman Kühn, Aedín Cassidy
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Aim: To examine the associations of a diet high in flavonoid-rich foods, as reflected by a “Flavodiet Score” (FDS), the major individual food contributors to flavonoid intake, and flavonoid subclasses with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in the UK Biobank cohort. Materials and methods: Flavonoid intakes were estimated from ≥2 dietary assessments among 113,097 study participants [age at enrolment: 56 ± 8 years; 57% female] using the U.S Department of Agriculture (USDA) databases. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate associations between dietary exposures and T2D. Results: During 12 years of follow-up, 2628 incident cases of T2D were …
Measurement Of Cumulative High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein And Monocyte To High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio In The Risk Prediction Of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study, Dan Wu, Genyuan Chen, Yulong Lan, Shuohua Chen, Xiong Ding, Chiju Wei, Lois Balmer, Wei Wang, Shouling Wu, Wencan Xu
Measurement Of Cumulative High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein And Monocyte To High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio In The Risk Prediction Of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study, Dan Wu, Genyuan Chen, Yulong Lan, Shuohua Chen, Xiong Ding, Chiju Wei, Lois Balmer, Wei Wang, Shouling Wu, Wencan Xu
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Converging data have suggested that monocytic inflammation and C-reactive protein (CRP) are biologically intertwined processes and are involved in diabetogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the association between systemic inflammation assessed by joint cumulative high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CumCRP) and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (CumMHR) and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their predictive value for T2D in a general population. Methods: A total of 40,813 nondiabetic participants from a prospective real-life cohort (Kailuan Study, China) were followed biennially from 2010/2011 until December 31, 2020. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of …
Co-Design Of A Personalised Digital Intervention To Improve Vegetable Intake In Adults Living In Australian Rural Communities, Katherine M. Livingstone, Jonathan C. Rawstorn, Laura Alston, Stephanie R. Partridge, Amber Bastian, Kate Dullaghan, Sarah A. Mcnaughton, Gilly A. Hendrie, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Ralph Maddison, Yuxin Zhang, Scott Barnett, John C. Mathers, Stephanie L. Godrich
Co-Design Of A Personalised Digital Intervention To Improve Vegetable Intake In Adults Living In Australian Rural Communities, Katherine M. Livingstone, Jonathan C. Rawstorn, Laura Alston, Stephanie R. Partridge, Amber Bastian, Kate Dullaghan, Sarah A. Mcnaughton, Gilly A. Hendrie, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Ralph Maddison, Yuxin Zhang, Scott Barnett, John C. Mathers, Stephanie L. Godrich
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Diets low in vegetables are a main contributor to the health burden experienced by Australians living in rural communities. Given the ubiquity of smartphones and access to the Internet, digital interventions may offer an accessible delivery model for a dietary intervention in rural communities. However, no digital interventions to address low vegetable intake have been co-designed with adults living in rural areas. This paper describes the co-design of a digital intervention to improve vegetable intake with rural community members and research partners. Methods: Active participants in the co-design process were adults ≥ 18 years living in three rural Australian …
The Effects Of Short-Term, Progressive Exercise Training On Disease Activity In Smouldering Multiple Myeloma And Monoclonal Gammopathy Of Undetermined Significance: A Single-Arm Pilot Study, A. Emery, S. Moore, J. Crowe, J. Murray, O. Peacock, D. Thompson, F. Betts, S. Rapps, L. Ross, D. Rothschild-Rodriguez, A. A. Echarri, R. Davies, R. Lewis, D. X. Augustine, A. Whiteway, Z. Afzal, J. L. J. Heaney, M. T. Drayson, J. E. Turner, John P. Campbell
The Effects Of Short-Term, Progressive Exercise Training On Disease Activity In Smouldering Multiple Myeloma And Monoclonal Gammopathy Of Undetermined Significance: A Single-Arm Pilot Study, A. Emery, S. Moore, J. Crowe, J. Murray, O. Peacock, D. Thompson, F. Betts, S. Rapps, L. Ross, D. Rothschild-Rodriguez, A. A. Echarri, R. Davies, R. Lewis, D. X. Augustine, A. Whiteway, Z. Afzal, J. L. J. Heaney, M. T. Drayson, J. E. Turner, John P. Campbell
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: High levels of physical activity are associated with reduced risk of the blood cancer multiple myeloma (MM). MM is preceded by the asymptomatic stages of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM) which are clinically managed by watchful waiting. A case study (N = 1) of a former elite athlete aged 44 years previously indicated that a multi-modal exercise programme reversed SMM disease activity. To build from this prior case study, the present pilot study firstly examined if short-term exercise training was feasible and safe for a group of MGUS and SMM patients, and secondly …
Investment By Maternal Grandmother Buffers Children Against The Impacts Of Adverse Early Life Experiences, Samuli Helle, Antti O. Tanskanen, David A. Coall, Gretchen Perry, Martin Daly, Mirkka Danielsbacka
Investment By Maternal Grandmother Buffers Children Against The Impacts Of Adverse Early Life Experiences, Samuli Helle, Antti O. Tanskanen, David A. Coall, Gretchen Perry, Martin Daly, Mirkka Danielsbacka
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Exogenous shocks during sensitive periods of development can have long-lasting effects on adult phenotypes including behavior, survival and reproduction. Cooperative breeding, such as grandparental care in humans and some other mammal species, is believed to have evolved partly in order to cope with challenging environments. Nevertheless, studies addressing whether grandparental investment can buffer the development of grandchildren from multiple adversities early in life are few and have provided mixed results, perhaps owing to difficulties drawing causal inferences from non-experimental data. Using population-based data of English and Welsh adolescents (sample size ranging from 817 to 1197), we examined whether grandparental investment …
Exploring Post-Covid-19 Health Effects And Features With Advanced Machine Learning Techniques, Muhammad N. Islam, Md S. Islam, Nahid H. Shourav, Iftiaqur Rahman, Faiz A. Faisal, Md M. Islam, Iqbal H. Sarker
Exploring Post-Covid-19 Health Effects And Features With Advanced Machine Learning Techniques, Muhammad N. Islam, Md S. Islam, Nahid H. Shourav, Iftiaqur Rahman, Faiz A. Faisal, Md M. Islam, Iqbal H. Sarker
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory disease that has had a significant impact, resulting in a range of outcomes including recovery, continued health issues, and the loss of life. Among those who have recovered, many experience negative health effects, particularly influenced by demographic factors such as gender and age, as well as physiological and neurological factors like sleep patterns, emotional states, anxiety, and memory. This research aims to explore various health factors affecting different demographic profiles and establish significant correlations among physiological and neurological factors in the post-COVID-19 state. To achieve these objectives, we have identified the post-COVID-19 health factors and …
Genome-Wide Cross-Disease Analyses Highlight Causality And Shared Biological Pathways Of Type 2 Diabetes With Gastrointestinal Disorders, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, Tenielle Porter, Eleanor K. O’Brien, Oladapo Olaniru, Giuseppe Verdile, Simon M. Laws
Genome-Wide Cross-Disease Analyses Highlight Causality And Shared Biological Pathways Of Type 2 Diabetes With Gastrointestinal Disorders, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, Tenielle Porter, Eleanor K. O’Brien, Oladapo Olaniru, Giuseppe Verdile, Simon M. Laws
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Studies suggest links between diabetes and gastrointestinal (GI) traits; however, their underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively assess the genetic relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and GI disorders. Our study demonstrates a significant positive global genetic correlation of T2D with peptic ulcer disease (PUD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastritis-duodenitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and diverticular disease, but not inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We identify several positive local genetic correlations (negative for T2D – IBD) contributing to T2D’s relationship with GI disorders. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomisation analyses suggest causal effects of T2D on PUD and gastritis-duodenitis and …
Associations Between Maternal Preconception And Pregnancy Adiposity And Neuropsychiatric And Behavioral Outcomes In The Offspring: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Bereket Duko, Tesfaye S. Mengistu, David Stacey, Lisa J. Moran, Gizachew Tessema, Gavin Pereira, Asres Bedaso, Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin, Rosa Alati, Oyekoya T. Ayonrinde, Beben Benyamin, S. Hong Lee, Elina Hyppönen
Associations Between Maternal Preconception And Pregnancy Adiposity And Neuropsychiatric And Behavioral Outcomes In The Offspring: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Bereket Duko, Tesfaye S. Mengistu, David Stacey, Lisa J. Moran, Gizachew Tessema, Gavin Pereira, Asres Bedaso, Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin, Rosa Alati, Oyekoya T. Ayonrinde, Beben Benyamin, S. Hong Lee, Elina Hyppönen
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Maternal adiposity (overweight or obesity) has been associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, although the potential risks of long-term neuropsychiatric and behavioral outcomes in the offspring remain unclear. Using the PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify studies on maternal adiposity and offspring neuropsychiatric outcomes. Inverse variance-weighted random-effects meta-analyses were used to pool effect estimates with 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) from adjusted odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR). Estimates were computed separately for preconception and pregnancy maternal overweight and obesity, with outcomes stratified by the type of neuropsychiatric outcome. In our …
Cruciferous Vegetables Lower Blood Pressure In Adults With Mildly Elevated Blood Pressure In A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial: The Vegetables For Vascular Health (Vessel) Study, Emma L. Connolly, Alex H. Liu, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Armaghan Shafaei, Mary C. Boyce, Lisa G. Wood, Lyn Mccahon, Henrietta Koch, Marc Sim, Caroline R. Hill, Benjamin H. Parmenter, Nicola P. Bondonno, Amanda Devine, Kevin D. Croft, Richard Mithen, Seng Khee Gan, Carl J. Schultz, Richard J. Woodman, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua R. Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst
Cruciferous Vegetables Lower Blood Pressure In Adults With Mildly Elevated Blood Pressure In A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial: The Vegetables For Vascular Health (Vessel) Study, Emma L. Connolly, Alex H. Liu, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Armaghan Shafaei, Mary C. Boyce, Lisa G. Wood, Lyn Mccahon, Henrietta Koch, Marc Sim, Caroline R. Hill, Benjamin H. Parmenter, Nicola P. Bondonno, Amanda Devine, Kevin D. Croft, Richard Mithen, Seng Khee Gan, Carl J. Schultz, Richard J. Woodman, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua R. Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Higher cruciferous vegetable intake is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in observational studies. The pathways involved remain uncertain. We aimed to determine whether cruciferous vegetable intake (active) lowers 24-h brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP; primary outcome) compared to root and squash vegetables (control) in Australian adults with mildly elevated BP (SBP 120–160 mmHg inclusive). Methods: In this randomized, controlled, crossover trial, participants completed two 2-week dietary interventions separated by a 2-week washout. Cruciferous vegetables were compared to root and squash vegetables (~ 300 g/day) consumed with lunch and dinner meals. Participants were blinded to which interventions were the …
Exploring Treatment Burden In People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Thematic Analysis In China's Primary Care Settings, Kai Lin, Mi Yao, Lesley Andrew, Rouyan Li, Yilin Chen, Jacques Oosthuizen, Moira Sim, Yongsong Chen
Exploring Treatment Burden In People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Thematic Analysis In China's Primary Care Settings, Kai Lin, Mi Yao, Lesley Andrew, Rouyan Li, Yilin Chen, Jacques Oosthuizen, Moira Sim, Yongsong Chen
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Background: Understanding treatment burden is a critical element to the effective management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The current study aims to address the knowledge gap surrounding treatment burden of T2DM from the patient’s perspective in China’s primary care settings. Methods: A narrative review informed the creation of an a priori coding structure to identify aspects of T2DM treatment burden. Focus groups were conducted, employing a maximum variation sampling strategy to select participants from diverse sociodemographic backgrounds across urban, suburban, rural, and remote areas in China. Participants included adults with T2DM care in primary care settings for over a …