Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Comprehensive Electroencephalogram Audit In A Tertiary Care Center In Pakistan: Demographic Distribution, Referral Indications And Findings, Hina Imtiaz, Ayisha Farooq Khan, Dureshahwar Kanwar, Naima Javed, Sara Khan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and Objective: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely employed non-invasive technique for recording brain electrical activity, pivotal for diagnosing various neurological conditions. The study aims to provide insight into demographic distribution, referral indications, and EEG findings in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted involving 2,924 patients who underwent routine EEG evaluations over a three-year period. Data was collected from the EEG records after approval from the ethical review committee. Demographic variables, referral reasons, and EEG findings were recorded and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: The study revealed a gender distribution of 41.35 % …

Factors Influencing The Headaches And Their Impact On Daily Life Of Medical Students, Saba Zaidi, Ayesha Abdul Samad

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and Objective:

Medical students are considered high risk for headaches due to various triggers in their daily routine. The objective of this study was to assess the factors influencing headaches and their impact on the daily life of medical students.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized a sample of 242 participants who were selected through a convenient method of sampling. Data was collected from medical students of Liaquat National Medical College for a period of six months (January to June 2021). Data was gathered using pre-designed questionnaires that assessed demographic information, lifestyle factors (such as consumption of tea, coffee, and …

Primary Angiitis Of The Central Nervous System Presenting As Sudden Vision Loss In A Young Patient, Ayisha Farooq Khan, Lubna Jafri, Saad Shafqat

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system is a rare disorder that primarily affects the cerebral vessels and can prove to be a diagnostic challenge to the clinicians. It can present with a variety of clinical manifestations and lacks the evidence of any systemic disease. Digital subtraction angiography is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis of cerebral vasculitis but in cases where it may fail to do so, brain biopsy is eventually required. Obliviousness to this condition may lead to false management strategies and hence it is imperative to make an accurate diagnosis to facilitate proper treatment that mainly includes …

Program Calendar: 2023-24, University Of Dayton

Pre-Health Resource Center Campus Communications

Calendar of important academic dates and special events of interest to students, faculty, and staff in the pre-health programs.

Leep More Effective Than Cryotherapy As Effective Treatment For Cin Lesions In Women Living With Hiv And Without Hiv In Western Kenya (2129), Naaman Mehta, Elkanah Omenge, Ann Mwangi, Victor Omodi, Tao Liu, Edwin Sang, Philip Tonui, Peter Itsura, Patrick J. Loehrer, Susan Cu-Uvin

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objectives: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women with HIV (WHIV) is over twice as likely to progress in severity than in women without HIV. This study assessed the results of cryotherapy or LEEP for CIN among WHIV compared to women without HIV in Western Kenya.

Methods: A total of 120 WHIV (60 cryotherapies, 60 LEEP) and 120 women without HIV (60 cryotherapies and 60 LEEP) were intended to be enrolled after a positive visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). However, only 86 WHIV (39 cryotherapies, 47 LEEP) and 89 women without HIV (46 cryotherapies, 43 LEEP) who had follow-ups within …

Correlates Of Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance And Hesitancy In Rural Communities In Western Kenya, Fletcher J. Njororai, Kogutu Caleb Nyaranga, Wilberforce Cholo, Walter Amulla, Harrison Ndetan

Health & Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Vaccine hesitancy is a significant global public health concern. This study sought to determine the correlates of acceptance and hesitancy regarding COVID-19 vaccines in rural populations of selected counties in Western Kenya and assess the strategies that can be used to improve COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Kenya. The study used a quantitative research strategy with a sample of 806 individuals in the Kisumu, Vihiga, and Kakamega counties. Descriptive statistics, correlations and regression analyses were used. Of the 806 study participants, 55% were males and 45% females. Vaccine acceptance was significantly associated with being a male (AOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.24–1.59, …

A Real-World Comparison Of Apixaban And Rivaroxaban In Obese And Morbidly Obese Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation, Kevin T. Burnham, Tianrui Yang, Jessica Wooster

Pharmacy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Contemporary guidelines for managing nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) include apixaban and rivaroxaban as first-line anticoagulation treatment options. Minimal guidance is available regarding selecting anticoagulants for patients with class I-III obesity. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban in both obese and morbidly obese patients with NVAF. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at an outpatient cardiovascular clinic after Institutional Review Board approval. Patients were eligible if they were ≥18 years of age, had a BMI ≥30 kg/m2, and took apixaban or rivaroxaban for NVAF for ≥3 months. The primary endpoint …

Meta Echo: Using All-Payers Claims Data Analysis As Part Of A Multi-Layered Approach To Plan An Evaluate Echo Programs, Marcy Doyle, Erica Plante

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Centering Communities Of Color In The Modernization Of A Public Health Survey System: Lessons From Oregon, Daniel F. López-Cevallos, Kusuma Madamala, Mira Mohsini, Andres Lopez, Roberta Hunte, Ryan Petteway, Tim Holbert

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Context: Public health survey systems are tools for informing public health programming and policy at the national, state, and local levels. Among the challenges states face with these kinds of surveys include concerns about the representativeness of communities of color and lack of community engagement in survey design, analysis, and interpretation of results or dissemination, which raises questions about their integrity and relevance.

Approach: Using a data equity framework (rooted in antiracism and intersectionality), the purpose of this project was to describe a formative participatory assessment approach to address challenges in Oregon Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and Student …

Interventions Co-Designed By Healthcare Providers And Clients For Improving Therapeutic Relationships In Maternal And Child Healthcare: A Pilot Study Using Human Centered Design In Rural Tanzania, Kahabi Isangula, Eunice Pallangyo, Eunice Ndirangu

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background

Research shows that poor provider–client interactions in maternity and child health (MCH) continue to affect health outcomes, service uptake, continuity of care, and trust in formal healthcare systems.

Objective The study’s objective was to jointly create a prototype intervention package for enhancing nurse-client relationships using human centered design (HCD) approach.

Methods A five-step HCD methodology was used: (1) Community-driven discovery through qualitative descriptive research methods using 9 focus groups with nurses and clients and 12 key informant interviews with MCH administrators; (2) consultative ideation and co-creation meetings with 10 nurses, 10 clients, and 10 administrators to co-design a rough …

Non-Contact Optical Spectroscopy For Tumor-Sensitive Diffuse Reflectance And Fluorescence Measurements On Murine Subcutaneous Tissue Models: Monte Carlo Modeling And Experimental Validations, Zahid Hasan, Pranto Soumik Saha, Madison O. Korfhage, Caigang Zhu

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Fiber-optic probes are commonly used in biomedical optical spectroscopy platforms for light delivery and collection. At the same time, it was reported that the inconsistent probe- sample contact could induce significant distortions in measured optical signals, which consequently cause large analysis errors. To address this challenge, non-contact optical spectroscopy has been explored for tissue characterizations. However, existing non-contact optical spectroscopy platforms primarily focused on diffuse reflectance measurements and may still use a fiber probe in which the probe was imaged onto the tissue surface using a lens, which serves as a non-contact probe for the measurements. Here, we report a …

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Decreasing Cardiovascular Disease Rates In Detroit, Edward Abarado, Marla Adam, Malik Al-Jamal, Kendall Brothers, Laura Geneseo, Nolan Tews, Jazmine Skala-Wade

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Do You Know Your Mental Health? A Board Game, Katie Clark, Amjad El Othmani, Bethany Lyche, Nikhil Navathe, Hafsah Umerani, Alyssa Kalsbeek

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Blood Pressure Screening, Rohit Goru, Annelise Gordon, Anisha Patel, Jonathan Toma, Maximilian Wehner, Michelle Malik

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Increasing Nutritional Knowledge And Health Motivation In The Southeast Michigan Pediatric Population, Laila Al-Jerdi, Elizabeth Helfrich, Nicole Lafrance, Noah Robertson, Tobin Smith, Sean Williams, Jamil Jomaa

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Protocol For Optimizing Production And Quality Control Of Infective Ecohiv Virions, Hammodah Rawhi Hammodah Alfar, Daphne N. Pariser, Harry Chanzu, Smita Joshi, Daniёlle M. Coenen, Joshua Lykins, Kanakanagavalli Shravani Prakhya, Mary Jane Potash, Wei Chao, Jennifer Kelschenbach, David J. Volsky, Kelly Metcalf-Pate

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

EcoHIV is a model of HIV infection that recapitulates aspects of HIV-1 pathology in mice. However, there are limited published protocols to guide EcoHIV virion production. Here, we present a protocol for producing infective EcoHIV virions and essential quality controls. We describe steps for viral purification, titering, and multiple techniques to analyze infection efficacy. This protocol produces high infectivity in C57BL/6 mice which will aid investigators in generating preclinical data.

Cell-Free, High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay Predicts Incident Cardiovascular Disease, Masaki Sato, Edward B. Neufeld, Martin P. Playford, Yu Lei, Alexander V. Sorokin, Angel M. Aponte, Lita A. Freeman, Scott M. Gordon, Amit K. Dey, Kianoush Jeiran, Masato Hamasaki, Maureen L. Sampson, Robert D. Shamburek, Jingrong Tang, Marcus Y. Chen, Kazuhiko Kotani, Josephine L. C. Anderson, Robin P. F. Dullaart, Nehal N. Mehta, Uwe T. F. Tietge, Alan Thomas Remaley

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND. Cellular cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is a better predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events than HDL- cholesterol (HDL-C) but is not suitable as a routine clinical METHODS. We developed an HDL-specific phospholipid efflux (HDL-SPE) assay to assess HDL functionality based on whole plasma HDL apolipoprotein–mediated solubilization of fluorescent phosphatidylethanolamine from artificial lipid donor particles. We first assessed the association of HDL-SPE with prevalent coronary artery disease (CAD): study I included NIH severe-CAD (n = 50) and non-CAD (n = 50) participants, who were frequency matched for sex, BMI, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and smoking; study II included Japanese CAD …

J Mich Dent Assoc September 2023

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Reports from the deans of Michigan’s two dental schools covering the past year’s activities serve as the dual cover stories for this issue. Other feature articles include a discussion of professionalism, a diagnostic challenge describing adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, and a memorial tribute to recently deceased MDA Executive Director Karen Burgess. Monthly departments include Dentistry and the Law, Staff Matters^® human resource guidance, MDA Services (endorsed programs), MDA Foundation, news updates in News You Need, and more.

An Electronic Health Record System Implementation In A Resource Limited Country—Lessons Learned, Sayed Karar, Muhammad Haroon Khan, Jasmit Shah, Nadeem Ahmed

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Electronic health records have revolutionized the medical world by improving medical care, refining provider documentation, standardizing care, and minimizing sentinel events. Successful implementation of electronic health records remains a daunting task and requires careful strategic planning and buy-in from key stakeholders. Much has been published in resource-rich settings and high-income countries about implementations of electronic health records. However, little is known about the experience in resource-limited settings where challenges remain unique and distinct from other parts of the world. Our intention is to share lessons learned during implementation of a web-based electronic health record at a tertiary care center in …

Improving Mutuality In The Icu: Getting To Know You, Katie Stutzman Bsn, Rn, Jessica Indelicato Bsn, Rn, Autumn Doerr Bsn, Rn, Grace Murphy Bsn, Rn

Vizient/ AACN Nurse Residency Program™ EBP Projects

Stutzman, K., Indelicato, J., Doerr, A., & Murphy, G. (2023, September). Improving mutuality in the ICU: Getting to know you [Poster]. Poster presented at Center Valley, PA.

Gross Hematuria And Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Associated With Military Burn Pits Exposures In Us Veterans Deployed To Iraq And Afghanistan, Mosammat M. Perveen, Henry E. Mayo-Malasky, Mary F. Lee-Wong, Julie M. Tomaska, Edward Forsyth, Amy Gravely, Mark A. Klein, Janeen H. Trembley, Tammy A. Butterick, Robert A. Promisloff, Pamela K. Ginex, Paul Barach, Anthony M. Szema

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to describe rates of hematuria and other lower urinary tract symptoms, including self-reported cancer rates, among veterans postburn pits emissions exposure during deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan.

METHODS: US post-9/11 veterans with burn pits emissions exposure confirmed via DD214 forms in the Burn Pits360.org Registry were sent a modified survey. Data were deidentified and anonymously coded.

RESULTS: Twenty-nine percent of the 155 respondents exposed to burn pits self-reported seeing blood in their urine. The average index score of our modified American Urological Association Symptom Index Survey was 12.25 (SD, 7.48). High rates of …

Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index Versus Passive Leg Raise To Assess Fluid Responsiveness In Non-Intubated Septic Patients A Prospective Observational Study, Anne Githaiga, Wangari Siika, Jeilan Mohamed, Vitalis Mung’Ayi, Idris Chikophe

Anaesthesiology, East Africa

Background: Rapid fluid loading at diagnosis of sepsis is part of standard treatment. Predictive tools of fluid responsiveness are required to guide fluid resuscitation. The Passive Leg Raise [PLR] manoeuvre can predict fluid responsiveness in non-intubated patients with sepsis. The Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index [IVCCI] can also be utilised but is not routinely performed.

Aim: To investigate the correlation between Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index [IVCCI] and a Passive Leg Raise [PLR] manoeuvre for the assessment of fluid responsiveness in non-intubated septic patients in a tertiary referral hospital in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Methodology: A prospective observational study which recruited non-intubated …

Exploring Bidirectionality In Us Pediatric Global Health Programs, Anik Patel, Pauline Kamau, Ashley Combs, Megan Mchenry

Posters

Introduction: Over the last two decades, GH programs have offered experiences at partner sites through established global health partnerships (GHPs). Historically, GHPs have been one-directional, favoring partners from resource-rich settings. These partnerships are now being reevaluated through the lens of equity and decolonization. We seek to understand how US pediatric GH faculty define the concept of “bidirectionality”, assess perspectives on their institution’s practice of bidirectional activities, and explore perceived benefits and challenges to prioritizing bidirectionality within their own GHPs. Methods: This is a cross-sectional qualitative survey study on bidirectionality of 206 AAMC-accredited US pediatric residency programs. 24 survey responses from …

Low-Cost Pm2.5 Sensors Can Help Identify Driving Factors Of Poor Air Quality And Benefit Communities, Tim Keyes, Rea Domingo, Samantha Dynowski, Royal Graves, Martha Klein, Melissa Leonard, John Pilgrim, Alison Sanchirico, Kate Trinkaus

WCBT Faculty Publications

Air quality is critical for public health. Residents rely chiefly on government agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States to establish standards for the measurement of harmful contaminants including ozone, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), and fine particulate matter at or below 2.5 μm. According to the California Air Resources Board [1], “short-term PM2.5 exposure (up to 24-h duration) has been associated with premature mortality, increased hospital admissions for heart or lung causes, acute and chronic bronchitis, asthma attacks, emergency room visits, respiratory symptoms, and restricted activity days”. While public agency resources …

Time To Reperfusion Is Not Associated With Functional Outcomes In First‐Pass Reperfusion: Analysis Of The Stratis Registry, Nathan W. Manning, Ameer E. Hassan, David S. Liebeskind, Nils H. Mueller‐Kronast, Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Raul G. Nogueira, Dileep R. Yavagal, Andrew Cheung, Jason Wenderoth

School of Medicine Publications

Background

Time is considered a fundamental driver of treatment success in ischemic stroke reperfusion therapy. First‐pass reperfusion (FPR) is associated with improved outcomes. We explored the association between time to reperfusion, FPR, and functional outcomes in an analysis of the STRATIS (Systematic Evaluation of Patients Treated With Neurothrombectomy Devices for Acute Ischemic Stroke) registry data.

Methods

Registry patients with anterior circulation stroke, treated with endovascular thrombectomy and achieving complete or near‐complete expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scale (eTICI) 2c/3 reperfusion per core laboratory assessment were included. FPR was considered eTICI 2c/3 reperfusion in a single device pass. Patients undergoing multipass …

Epigenome-Wide Dna Methylation Association Study Of Circulating Ige Levels Identifies Novel Targets For Asthma, Kathryn Recto, Priyadarshini Kachroo, Tianxiao Huan, David Van Den Berg, Gha Young Lee, Helena Bui, Dong Heon Lee, Jessica Gereige, John Blangero, Joanne E. Curran

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Identifying novel epigenetic signatures associated with serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) may improve our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying asthma and IgE-mediated diseases. Methods: We performed an epigenome-wide association study using whole blood from Framingham Heart Study (FHS; n = 3,471, 46% females) participants and validated results using the Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP; n = 674, 39% females) and the Genetic Epidemiology of Asthma in Costa Rica Study (CRA; n = 787, 41% females). Using the closest gene to each IgE-associated CpG, we highlighted biologically plausible pathways underlying IgE regulation and analyzed the transcription patterns linked to IgE-associated CpGs …

Electric Field Navigated 1-Hz Rtms For Poststroke Motor Recovery: The E-Fit Randomized Controlled Trial, Dylan J. Edwards, Charles Liu, Kari Dunning, Felipe Fregni, Jarmo Laine, Benjamin E. Leiby, Lynn M. Rogers, Richard L. Harvey

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

BACKGROUND: To determine if low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation targeting the primary motor cortex contralateral (M1CL) to the affected corticospinal tract in patients with hemiparetic stroke augments intensive training-related clinical improvement; an extension of the NICHE trial (Navigated Inhibitory rTMS to Contralesional Hemisphere Trial) using an alternative sham coil. METHODS: The present E-FIT trial (Electric Field Navigated 1Hz rTMS for Post-stroke Motor Recovery Trial) included 5 of 12 NICHE trial outpatient US rehabilitation centers. The stimulation protocol remained identical (1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, M1CL, preceding 60-minute therapy, 18 sessions/6 wks; parallel arm randomized clinical trial). The sham coil …

Rod-Specific Downregulation Of Omega-3 Very-Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Pathway In Age-Related Macular Degeneration, William C. Gordon, Marie Audrey I. Kautzmann, Bokkyoo Jun, Megan L. Cothern, Zhide Fang, Nicolas G. Bazan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6) plays a key role in vision and is the precursor for very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs). The release of 32- and 34-carbon VLC-PUFAs and DHA from sn-1 and sn-2 of phosphatidylcholine (PC) leads to the synthesis of cell-survival mediators, the elovanoids (ELVs) and neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), respectively. Macula and periphery from age-related macular degeneration (AMD) donor retinas were assessed for the availability of DHA-related lipids by LC-MS/MS-based lipidomic analysis and MALDI-molecular imaging. We found reduced retina DHA and VLC-PUFA pathways to synthesize omega-3 ELVs from precursors that likely resulted in altered disks and photoreceptor loss. Additionally, …

A Socioecological Description Of The Influencing Factors To Midwives’ Management Of Preeclampsia In A Ghanaian Tertiary Hospital, Isabella Garti, Michelle Gray, Angela Bromley, Benjamin Tan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: In low-resource settings, midwives are the first contact for women with preeclampsia and lead the coordination of care. Unfavourable preeclampsia outcomes create a burden for women, families, and the health system. It is therefore important to understand the unique context of midwives’ practice and the complex factors that influence the delivery of maternal healthcare. Aim: This qualitative study explored the perspectives of key stakeholders in a tertiary hospital in Ghana regarding the facilitators and barriers influencing midwives’ provision of preeclampsia care using a socioecological model. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 participants comprising senior managers (n = 7) …

Baseline Characteristics And Outcomes For People With And Without Covid-19 Diagnoses Receiving Inpatient Rehabilitation Care Across The Us In 2020-2021, Elissa J Charbonneau, Prateek Grover, Jeffery S Johns, Susan M Mcdowell, Joseph V Stillo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To assess sociodemographic, medical complexity, and outcomes of persons receiving care at inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) with and without a diagnosis of COVID-19.

DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study using electronic medical record (EMR) data from 138 IRFs across 34 states and Puerto Rico.

SETTING: N/A.

PARTICIPANTS: IRF EMR data for 212,663 patients discharged between 04/01/2020 and 05/31/2021 (N=212,663), of which 16,199 (COVID-19 group) had a primary or secondary COVID-19 diagnosis based upon ICD codes set (ICD-10 codes U07.1, B94.8, Z86.19, Z86.16).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Four categories: (a) sociodemographic, (b) medical complexity, (c) process, that is, standard IRF processes, and …