Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Liquid Biopsy Consortium: Challenges And Opportunities For Early Cancer Detection And Monitoring, Syeda Maheen Batool, Mark Watson, Rebecca Aft, Siddarth Rawal, Richard J Cote, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The emerging field of liquid biopsy stands at the forefront of novel diagnostic strategies for cancer and other diseases. Liquid biopsy allows minimally invasive molecular characterization of cancers for diagnosis, patient stratification to therapy, and longitudinal monitoring. Liquid biopsy strategies include detection and monitoring of circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA, and extracellular vesicles. In this review, we address the current understanding and the role of existing liquid-biopsy-based modalities in cancer diagnostics and monitoring. We specifically focus on the technical and clinical challenges associated with liquid biopsy and biomarker development being addressed by the Liquid Biopsy Consortium, established through the National …

Macrocephaly And Developmental Delay Caused By Missense Variants In Rab5c, Klaas Koop, Weimin Yuan, Bo Zhang, Zachary D Dawson, Anika Lindsey, Huiyan Huang, Dustin Baldridge, Gary A Silverman, Stephen C Pak, Tim Schedl, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Rab GTPases are important regulators of intracellular vesicular trafficking. RAB5C is a member of the Rab GTPase family that plays an important role in the endocytic pathway, membrane protein recycling and signaling. Here we report on 12 individuals with nine different heterozygous de novo variants in RAB5C. All but one patient with missense variants (n = 9) exhibited macrocephaly, combined with mild-to-moderate developmental delay. Patients with loss of function variants (n = 2) had an apparently more severe clinical phenotype with refractory epilepsy and intellectual disability but a normal head circumference. Four missense variants were investigated experimentally. In vitro biochemical …

The Prevalence Of Covid-19 Misinformation Among High School Students And Its Influence On National Public Health Perception, Isha Patel

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

The global COVID-19 pandemic brought attention to national public health perception and the detriments of medical misinformation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which susceptibility to common COVID-19 virus and vaccine misconceptions correlate with the high school students’ perception of public health. A survey was distributed to 61 high school students, and it was found that there is a weak negative correlation between acceptance of COVID-19 virus and vaccine misconceptions and national public health perception. The results, however, indicated a prevalence of misconceptions surrounding COVID-19 among participants. Overall, 52.5% of participants rate public health as …

Best Of The Medical Muse

Medical Muse

No abstract provided.

Volume 25, Issue 1

Medical Muse

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Mindfulness On Depression In Dialysis Patients, Nakeia Saddler

Dissertations

Abstract

Problem: Depression is a prevailing global health issue and a typical complication of dialysis patients. This quality improvement project's purpose was to evaluate mindfulness on depression in dialysis patients, aged 18-93, who are on dialysis and participated in a mindfulness program over three months.

Methods: A descriptive, prospective, and retrospective design was used to assess depression pre- and post-implementation of a mindfulness telephone line over three months. A convenience sample of twenty adults aged 18-83 who use this hemodialysis center on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday was utilized. The Iowa Model is the framework selected to guide the implementation of …

Using Natural Language Processing To Evaluate Electronic Health Records Of Patients With Ovarian Cancer For Documentation Of Goals Of Care, Hillarie Elizabeth Joehl

Dissertations

Growing evidence supports the benefits of serious illness communication including goals of care (GOC) discussions and documentation in the electronic health record (EHR). Patients who discuss end-of-life (EOL) care with their clinicians are more likely to have positive outcomes including better-reported quality of life, less distress, and a higher likelihood of receiving care consistent with their preferences. Limited research suggests only a small fraction of ovarian cancer patients have such discussions with their clinicians. Using a novel natural language processing (NLP) methodology, this retrospective and descriptive study explores EHRs for patients with ovarian cancer to characterize documentation of GOC. Using …

Direct Cost Variance Analysis Of Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy Vs Heller Myotomy For Management Of Achalasia: A Tertiary Referral Center Experience, Syedreza Ali Haider, Gregory S Bills, C Prakash Gyawali, Passisd Laoveeravat, Jordan Miller, Samir Softic, Mihir S Wagh, Moamen Gabr

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) has been the traditional surgical treatment for achalasia. Recently, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has demonstrated similar clinical outcomes with shorter procedure times. Studies comparing the direct cost-effectiveness of POEM

AIM: To compare costs of POEM

METHODS: This retrospective chart review aimed to compare the outcomes and cost of clinical care between patients who underwent POEM and LHM procedures for achalasia. The study was conducted at a tertiary academic center from January 2019 to December 2020. Clinical outcomes, including post-operative Eckardt scores and adverse events, were assessed and compared between the two groups. Direct cost variance …

Tolfenamic Acid Derivatives: A New Class Of Transcriptional Modulators With Potential Therapeutic Applications For Alzheimer’S Disease And Related Disorders, Juanetta Hill, Karim E. Shalaby, Syed W. Bihaqi, Bothaina H. Alansi, Benjamin Barlock, Keykavous Parang, Richard Thompson, Khalid Ourarhni, Nasser H. Zawia

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The field of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has witnessed recent breakthroughs in the development of disease-modifying biologics and diagnostic markers. While immunotherapeutic interventions have provided much-awaited solutions, nucleic acid-based tools represent other avenues of intervention; however, these approaches are costly and invasive, and they have serious side effects. Previously, we have shown in AD animal models that tolfenamic acid (TA) can lower the expression of AD-related genes and their products and subsequently reduce pathological burden and improve cognition. Using TA as a scaffold and the zinc finger domain of SP1 as a pharmacophore, we developed safer and more potent brain-penetrating analogs …

Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis On Kidney Tissues From Mice Reveals Potential Hypoxia Biomarkers, Muhammad Imran Sajid, Francisco J. Nunez, Farideh Amirrad, Moom Rahman Roosan, Tom Vojtko, Scott Mcculloch, Amal Alachkar, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Chronic hypoxia may have a huge impact on the cardiovascular and renal systems. Advancements in microscopy, metabolomics, and bioinformatics provide opportunities to identify new biomarkers. In this study, we aimed at elucidating the metabolic alterations in kidney tissues induced by chronic hypoxia using untargeted metabolomic analyses. Reverse phase ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy (RP–UPLC–MS/MS) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)–UPLC–MS/MS methods with positive and negative ion mode electrospray ionization were used for metabolic profiling. The metabolomic profiling revealed an increase in metabolites related to carnitine synthesis and purine metabolism. Additionally, there was a notable increase in bilirubin. Heme, N-acetyl-L-aspartic …

10.16.2023 Orsp Connect, Liz Williamson

ORED Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Blood Pressure Variability And Early Neurological Outcomes In Acute And Subacute Stroke In Southwestern Uganda, Shirley M. Moore, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Background: Greater blood pressure variability has detrimental effects on clinical outcome after a stroke; its effects are controversial and have not been evaluated in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods: We conducted a prospective study of patients with CT head confirmed ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes admitted to a tertiary hospital within 7 days of onset of unilateral neurological deficits. Blood pressure variability indices, standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of systolic and diastolic blood pressure between day 0 and day 7, were calculated with a subsequent modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score on day 14 post-stroke. Linear regression was performed to …

Dual Task Measures In Older Adults With And Without Cognitive Impairment: Response To Simultaneous Cognitive-Exercise Training And Minimal Clinically Important Difference Estimates, I-Chen Chen, I-Ching Chuang, Ku-Chou Chang, Chih-Hung Chang, Ching-Yi Wu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) are critical indices to understand whether observed improvement represents a meaningful improvement after intervention. Although simultaneous cognitive-exercise training (SCET; e.g., performing memory tasks while cycling) has been suggested to enhance the cognitive function of older adults, responsiveness and MCID have not been established. Hence, we aimed to estimate responsiveness and MCIDs of two dual task performance involving cognition and hand function in older adults with and without cognitive impairment and to compare the differences in responsiveness and MCIDs of the two dual task performance between older adults with and without cognitive impairment. …

Assessment Of First-Phase Covid-19 Pandemic In Europe Using Hierarchical Clustering Based On Principal Components Analysis, Sanjay Kumar, Evrim Oral

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

It is of great interest for researchers to assess the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Grouping of COVID-19-affected regions is an effective way to monitor and optimize planning to combat the disease. This paper applied hierarchical clustering based on principal components analysis (HCPCA) to COVID-19 data from affected European countries. Considering several attribute indices, we obtained a new set of indicators using principal components analysis to aggregate and reduce the dimension of attribute indices of affected countries. Further, we obtained groups of affected countries subject to their similarity using hierarchical clustering to the reduced observations of new attributes indices of these …

Exploration Of Burnout, Emotional Thriving, And Emotional Recovery In An Academic Medical Center: A Mixed Methods Quality Improvement Project, Roxana Naderi, Katherine T. Morrison, Zuzanna Czernik, James E. Carter Jr, Katherine N. Dickerman, Alexandra Gallant, Lara Kirkbride-Romeo, Lauren Mcbeth, Angela Keniston, Kristin M. Jensen

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: Healthcare provider burnout, an indicator of wellbeing, impacts patient safety, provider distress, and employee turnover. In this mixed methods, multi-site quality improvement study conductedpandemic, we assessed employee wellbeing in a large clinical department.

Methods: Wellbeing surveys were sent electronically to Department of Medicine clinicians, researchers, administrators, and staff from August-September 2019 assessing perceptions of Burnout, Emotional Thriving (ET), and Emotional Recovery (ER). Qualitative responses were reviewed for themes using mixed inductive-deductive analysis. The initial coding was done by small teams with consensus obtained through large group discussions. This study was IRB-approved as non-human subjects research.

Results: Of the 671 …

Excretory/Secretory Products From Trichinella Spiralis Adult Worms Ameliorate Myocardial Infarction By Inducing M2 Macrophage Polarization In A Mouse Model, Lingqin Wu, Wenhui Yin, Jutai Wen, Shuying Wang, Huihui Li, Xiaoli Wang, Weixiao Zhang, Shuyao Duan, Qiuyu Zhu, Erhe Gao, Shili Wu, Bin Zhan, Rui Zhou, Xiaodi Yang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Ischemia-induced inflammatory response is the main pathological mechanism of myocardial infarction (MI)-caused heart tissue injury. It has been known that helminths and worm-derived proteins are capable of modulating host immune response to suppress excessive inflammation as a survival strategy. Excretory/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms (Ts-AES) have been shown to ameliorate inflammation-related diseases. In this study, Ts-AES were used to treat mice with MI to determine its therapeutic effect on reducing MI-induced heart inflammation and the immunological mechanism involved in the treatment.

METHODS: The MI model was established by the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, …

Got Pidd1? Natural Killer Cells Clear Polyploid Cells To Ensure A Balanced Genome, Alexandra N Brown-Suedel, Lisa Bouchier-Hayes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Removal of polyploid cells is essential to preventing cancer and restricting tumor growth. A new study published in The EMBO Journal shows assembly of the NEMO-PIDDosome on extra centrioles. Activation of this protein complex leads to NF-κB activation that, in turn, induces NK cell-mediated cell clearance.

Dna2 Nuclease Inhibition Confers Synthetic Lethality In Cancers With Mutant P53 And Synergizes With Parp Inhibitors, Helena Folly-Kossi, Joshua D Graves, Lidija A Wilhelms Garan, Fang-Tsyr Lin, Weei-Chin Lin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

UNLABELLED: The tumor suppressor p53 promotes tumor-suppressive activities including cell-cycle inhibition, apoptosis, senescence, autophagy, and DNA repair. However, somatic mutations in the TP53 gene are one of the most common alterations in human cancers. We previously showed that mutant p53 (mutp53) can bind TopBP1, an ATR activator, to attenuate its ATR-activating function. A partially defective ATR function caused by mutp53 makes cancer cells more vulnerable to inhibitors of other TopBP1-independent ATR activators, such as DNA2. DNA2 plays a role in homologous recombination (HR) repair by resecting DNA ends in double-strand breaks and preparing them for invasion of homologous duplex. Here …

A Single Nanobody Neutralizes Multiple Epochally Evolving Human Noroviruses By Modulating Capsid Plasticity, Wilhelm Salmen, Liya Hu, Marina Bok, Natthawan Chaimongkol, Khalil Ettayebi, Stanislav V Sosnovtsev, Kaundal Soni, B Vijayalakshmi Ayyar, Sreejesh Shanker, Frederick H Neill, Banumathi Sankaran, Robert L Atmar, Mary K Estes, Kim Y Green, Viviana Parreño, B V Venkataram Prasad

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Acute gastroenteritis caused by human noroviruses (HuNoVs) is a significant global health and economic burden and is without licensed vaccines or antiviral drugs. The GII.4 HuNoV causes most epidemics worldwide. This virus undergoes epochal evolution with periodic emergence of variants with new antigenic profiles and altered specificity for histo-blood group antigens (HBGA), the determinants of cell attachment and susceptibility, hampering the development of immunotherapeutics. Here, we show that a llama-derived nanobody M4 neutralizes multiple GII.4 variants with high potency in human intestinal enteroids. The crystal structure of M4 complexed with the protruding domain of the GII.4 capsid protein VP1 revealed …

Revisiting Asthma Obstructive Sleep Apnea Overlap: Current Knowledge And Future Needs, Damini Saxena, Ikuyo Imayama, Muhammad Adrish

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Asthma and obstructive sleep apnea are highly prevalent conditions with a high cost burden. In addition to shared risk factors, existing data suggest a bidirectional relationship between asthma and OSA, where each condition can impact the other. Patients with asthma often complain of sleep fragmentation, nocturnal asthma symptoms, daytime sleepiness, and snoring. The prevalence of OSA increases with asthma severity, as evidenced by multiple large studies. Asthma may lower the threshold for arousal in OSA, resulting in the hypopnea with arousal phenotype. Epidemiologic studies in adults have shown that OSA is associated with worse asthma severity, increased frequency of exacerbation, …

The Social Anxiety Stigma Scale (Sass): Development, Factor Structure, And Validation, Ruba Rum

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The primary reason people with social anxiety disorder (SAD) do not seek treatment is due to stigma concerns. Yet, our understanding of SAD stigma hinges heavily on measures that assess general mental illness stigma, which may not capture the distinct aspects of SAD. The goal of this research program was to develop and validate a measure of social anxiety stigma that assesses personal stigma towards people with SAD: the Social Anxiety Stigma Scale (SASS). The SASS was evaluated across three studies. In Study 1 (N = 221), an initial item analysis was conducted on 33 items to remove weak items …

Identifying Factors Affecting Saudi Nurses’ Intentions To Report Medication Errors In Arar Hospitals, Ohoud Aldughmi

Dissertations

Background: Medication errors are the most common safety issues in Saudi Arabia. To avoid medication errors, Saudi hospitals need to identify the causes of errors by encouraging reporting errors. Most Saudi nurses do not report errors because of the blaming culture. Therefore, Saudi nurses need a psychological safe environment that encourages nurses to admit and report errors. Even if establishing a good error reporting system is helpful, Saudi health organizations need to discover nurses' perceptions, attitudes, norms, behaviors, and intentions regarding medication error reporting. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the intention of Saudi …

Cancer Survivor Empowerment Through Patient-Reported Outcomes, Mary Patricia Johnston

Dissertations

Background: Conventional approaches for assessing and managing symptoms in cancer survivors are unlikely to be effective in cancer survivorship care because clinician-driven assessment limits the voice of the cancer survivor while the burden and complexity of cancer care increases. Yet, cancer survivors are not prepared for the shift from clinician-driven assessment and management of symptoms to cancer survivor self-report of symptoms and self-management of their own care. There are gaps in clinician assessment, and no studies describe how patient empowerment may facilitate the cancer survivor’s ability to assume the responsibilities of monitoring, reporting, and managing symptoms as the cancer survivor …

Priorities And Progress In Gram-Positive Bacterial Infection Research By The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group: A Narrative Review, Sarah B Doernberg, Cesar A Arias, Deena R Altman, Ahmed Babiker, Helen W Boucher, C Buddy Creech, Sara E Cosgrove, Scott R Evans, Vance G Fowler, Stephanie A Fritz, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Brendan J Kelly, Sixto M Leal, Catherine Liu, Thomas P Lodise, Loren G Miller, Jose M Munita, Barbara E Murray, Melinda M Pettigrew, Felicia Ruffin, Marc H Scheetz, Bo Shopsin, Truc T Tran, Nicholas A Turner, Derek J Williams, Smitha Zaharoff, Thomas L Holland

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) has prioritized infections caused by gram-positive bacteria as one of its core areas of emphasis. The ARLG Gram-positive Committee has focused on studies responding to 3 main identified research priorities: (1) investigation of strategies or therapies for infections predominantly caused by gram-positive bacteria, (2) evaluation of the efficacy of novel agents for infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and (3) optimization of dosing and duration of antimicrobial agents for gram-positive infections. Herein, we summarize ARLG accomplishments in gram-positive bacterial infection research, including studies aiming to (1) inform optimal vancomycin dosing, …

Sptan1/Numb Axis Senses Cell Density To Restrain Cell Growth And Oncogenesis Through Hippo Signaling, Dongxue Su, Yuxi Li, Weiji Zhang, Huan Gao, Yao Cheng, Yongqiang Hou, Junhong Li, Yi Ye, Zhangjian Lai, Zhe Li, Haitao Huang, Jiaxin Li, Jinhuan Li, Mengyu Cheng, Cheng Nian, Na Wu, Zhien Zhou, Yunzhi Xing, Yu Zhao, He Liu, Jiayu Tang, Qinghua Chen, Lixin Hong, Wengang Li, Zhihai Peng, Bin Zhao, Randy L Johnson, Pingguo Liu, Wanjin Hong, Lanfen Chen, Dawang Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The loss of contact inhibition is a key step during carcinogenesis. The Hippo-Yes-associated protein (Hippo/YAP) pathway is an important regulator of cell growth in a cell density-dependent manner. However, how Hippo signaling senses cell density in this context remains elusive. Here, we report that high cell density induced the phosphorylation of spectrin α chain, nonerythrocytic 1 (SPTAN1), a plasma membrane-stabilizing protein, to recruit NUMB endocytic adaptor protein isoforms 1 and 2 (NUMB1/2), which further sequestered microtubule affinity-regulating kinases (MARKs) in the plasma membrane and rendered them inaccessible for phosphorylation and inhibition of the Hippo kinases sterile 20-like kinases MST1 and …

Genome-Wide Analysis Of The Interplay Between Chromatin-Associated Rna And 3d Genome Organization In Human Cells, Riccardo Calandrelli, Xingzhao Wen, John Lalith Charles Richard, Zhifei Luo, Tri C Nguyen, Chien-Ju Chen, Zhijie Qi, Shuanghong Xue, Weizhong Chen, Zhangming Yan, Weixin Wu, Kathia Zaleta-Rivera, Rong Hu, Miao Yu, Yuchuan Wang, Wenbo Li, Jian Ma, Bing Ren, Sheng Zhong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The interphase genome is dynamically organized in the nucleus and decorated with chromatin-associated RNA (caRNA). It remains unclear whether the genome architecture modulates the spatial distribution of caRNA and vice versa. Here, we generate a resource of genome-wide RNA-DNA and DNA-DNA contact maps in human cells. These maps reveal the chromosomal domains demarcated by locally transcribed RNA, hereafter termed RNA-defined chromosomal domains. Further, the spreading of caRNA is constrained by the boundaries of topologically associating domains (TADs), demonstrating the role of the 3D genome structure in modulating the spatial distribution of RNA. Conversely, stopping transcription or acute depletion of RNA …

An Examination Of Death In Premier Counseling Journals, Aaron Suomala Folkerds Edd, Diane H. Coursol Ph.D.

The Interactive Journal of Global Leadership and Learning

This qualitative content analysis (QCA) examined five premier counseling journals and their coverage of death related issues from 1986-2022: Journal of Counseling and Development (JCD), Journal of Humanistic Counseling (JHC), Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development (JMCD), Counselor Education and Supervision (CES) and Counseling and Values (CV). Of the 6180 journal articles published across all five journals, 62 articles covered death related topics. Eight major death related themes emerged through the QCA process and included: Research on Death-Related Issues, Personal Reflection and Poetry, Grief and Loss Education, Book Reviews, Responding to Campus Death, Providing Grief Counseling, DSM and Bereavement Diagnosis …

The Health Outcomes And Health Service Needs Of The Martu And Nyiyaparli People Of Northwest Western Australia: A Grey Literature Review, Keith Mcnaught, Colette Rhoding, Michelle J. Schwager

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

Introduction: Health outcomes for Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait peoples are very poor. This is considerably worse in remote regions. The East Pilbara, where the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities of the Martu and Nyiyaparli people reside, is one such remote region.

Methods: This review explored the grey literature relating to the health services and health outcomes of the Martu and Nyiyaparli people. Search strategies included specific search terms as well as the systematic search of specific websites likely to inform this review. To ensure relevance of the data, the review incorporated documents published in the last five years …

The Parenting Education Needs Of Aboriginal Women Experiencing Incarceration, Belinda J. Lovell, Mary Steen, Angela Brown, Karen Glover, Adrian Esterman

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

The aim of this study was to listen to the voices of women experiencing incarceration and understand their parenting education needs. This paper reports on data from focus group interviews with 13 Aboriginal women in prison. The data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, creating five themes: (1) working towards a positive self; (2) communication (3) parenting from a distance; (4) jumping through hoops to get connected; and (5) connecting with Aboriginal cultures. The women were seeking guidance and clarity about the Child Protection system and how to regain child custody. Many women were wanting to invest in self-care and …

Experiences Of Kinship And Connection To Family For Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Young Men With Histories Of Incarceration, Shelley Joy Walker, Michael Doyle, Mark Stoové Professor, Troy Combo, Mandy Wilson

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

Epidemiological approaches have brought important attention to the issues surrounding the over-incarceration of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people, and the enormous health and socio-economic disparities they face. An implicit discourse often exists within the construction of this “knowledge”, however, that situates Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people in deficit terms.

Using narrative inquiry, a methodological approach congruent with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture and ways of knowing, we aim to challenge this dominant discourse, via an examination of the narratives of eight Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander young men (aged 19-24 years) involved in the criminal justice …