Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

System Dynamics Modeling For Cancer Prevention And Control: A Systematic Review, Erin S. Kenzie, Mellodie Seater, Wayne Wakeland, Gloria Coronado, Melinda M. Davis

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Cancer prevention and control requires consideration of complex interactions between multilevel factors. System dynamics modeling, which consists of diagramming and simulation approaches for understanding and managing such complexity, is being increasingly applied to cancer prevention and control, but the breadth, characteristics, and quality of these studies is not known. We searched PubMed, Scopus, APA PsycInfo, and eight peer-reviewed journals to identify cancer-related studies that used system dynamics modeling. A dual review process was used to determine eligibility. Included studies were assessed using quality criteria adapted from prior literature and mapped onto the cancer control continuum. Characteristics of studies and models …

Heading Towards Relief: An Evaluation Of Headache Management In A Community Hospital., Caleb Hoppe Pharmd, Sarah Meeks Pharmd, Bcccp, Heather Nichols Pharmd, Bcpps, Sarah Ferrell Pharmd, Bcpps

Pharmacy Residency

Presented at the ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting. December 2023.

This study sought to examine the treatment of acute headache at a community hospital including prescribing habits, dosing practices, use of consultants, and analgesic effect of each medication.

A Review Of Guideline Directed Medication Therapy Adherence For Patients With Asthma., Jennifer Mccarthy Pharmd, Ms, Elizabeth Meisberger Pharmd, Bcps, Bccp, Sarah Pfaehler Pharmd, Mba, Bcps, Pacs, Bhavika Patel Pharmd

Pharmacy Residency

Presented at the ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting. December 2023.

This project evaluated a health system’s prescribing adherence to the 2022 GINA guideline update for inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) in combination with a long-acting beta agonist (LABA) as preferred reliever/rescue therapy for asthma within the ambulatory setting.

Community Acquired Pneumonia Order Set Utilization Evaluation: A Retrospective Chart Review, Kristin Lytal Pharmd, Mspgx, Luke Keller Pharmd, Bcps, Bcccp, Blake Burton Pharmd, Bcps, Sarah Ferrell Pharmd, Bcpps

Pharmacy Residency

Presented at the ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting. December 2023.

This poster evaluated adherence of antimicrobial regimen selection using a community acquired pneumonia (CAP) order set updated to Infectious Disease Society of America/American Thoracic Society guidelines.

Genome-Wide Significant Risk Loci For Mood Disorders In The Old Order Amish Founder Population, Elizabeth M. Humphries, Kwangmi Ahn, Rachel L. Kember, Fabiana L. Lopes, Evelina Mocci, Juan M. Peralta, John Blangero, David C. Glahn, Fernando S. Goes, Peter P. Zandi

School of Medicine Publications

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of mood disorders in large case-control cohorts have identified numerous risk loci, yet pathophysiological mechanisms remain elusive, primarily due to the very small effects of common variants. We sought to discover risk variants with larger effects by conducting a genome-wide association study of mood disorders in a founder population, the Old Order Amish (OOA, n = 1,672). Our analysis revealed four genome-wide significant risk loci, all of which were associated with >2-fold relative risk. Quantitative behavioral and neurocognitive assessments (n = 314) revealed effects of risk variants on sub-clinical depressive symptoms and information processing speed. …

Muc13 Drives Cancer Aggressiveness And Metastasis Through The Yap1-Dependent Pathway, Kyle Doxtater, Manish Tripathi, Radhiki Sekhri, Bilal B. Hafeez, Sheema Khan, Nadeem Zafar, Stephen Behrman, Murali M. Yallapu, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan

School of Medicine Publications

Anchorage-independent survival after intravasation of cancer cells from the primary tumor site represents a critical step in metastasis. Here, we reveal new insights into how MUC13-mediated anoikis resistance, coupled with survival of colorectal tumor cells, leads to distant metastasis. We found that MUC13 targets a potent transcriptional coactivator, YAP1, and drives its nuclear translocation via forming a novel survival complex, which in turn augments the levels of pro-survival and metastasis-associated genes. High expression of MUC13 is correlated well with extensive macrometastasis of colon cancer cells with elevated nuclear YAP1 in physiologically relevant whole animal model systems. Interestingly, a positive correlation …

A Sound Mind In A Sound Body: A Novel Concept Unravelling Heterogeneity Of Depression, Gabor Hullam, Zsofia Gal, Xenia Gonda, Tamas Nagy, Andras Gezsi, Isaac Cano, Sandra Van Der Auwera, Mikko Kuokkanen, Peter Antal, Gabriella Juhasz

School of Medicine Publications

Depression is a highly prevalent and debilitating condition, yet we still lack both in-depth knowledge concerning its etiopathology and sufficiently efficacious treatment options. With approximately one third of patients resistant to currently available antidepressants there is a pressing need for a better understanding of depression, identifying subgroups within the highly heterogeneous illness category and to understand the divergent underlying biology of such subtypes, to help develop and personalise treatments. The TRAJECTOME project aims to address such challenges by (1) identifying depression-related multimorbidity subgroups and shared molecular pathways based on temporal disease profiles from healthcare systems and biobank data using machine …

Whole-Genome Sequencing Uncovers Two Loci For Coronary Artery Calcification And Identifies Arse As A Regulator Of Vascular Calcification, Paul S. De Vries, Matthew P. Conomos, Kuldeep Singh, Christopher J. Nicholson, Deepti Jain, Natalie R. Hasbani, Wanlin Jiang, Sujin Lee, Christian L. Lino Cardenas, Sharon M. Lutz, John Blangero

School of Medicine Publications

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a measure of atherosclerosis and a well-established predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) events. Here we describe a genome-wide association study of CAC in 22,400 participants from multiple ancestral groups. We confirmed associations with four known loci and identified two additional loci associated with CAC (ARSE and MMP16), with evidence of significant associations in replication analyses for both novel loci. Functional assays of ARSE and MMP16 in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) demonstrate that ARSE is a promoter of VSMC calcification and VSMC phenotype switching from a contractile to a calcifying or osteogenic phenotype. …

Metabolic Phenotyping Of Bmi To Characterize Cardiometabolic Risk: Evidence From Large Population-Based Cohorts, Habtamu B. Beyene, Corey Giles, Kevin Huynh, Tingting Wang, Michelle Cinel, Natalie A. Mellett, Gavriel Olshansky, Thomas G. Meikle, Gerald F. Watts, John Blangero

School of Medicine Publications

Obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, a substantial proportion of patients with these conditions have a seemingly normal body mass index (BMI). Conversely, not all obese individuals present with metabolic disorders giving rise to the concept of “metabolically healthy obese”. We use lipidomic-based models for BMI to calculate a metabolic BMI score (mBMI) as a measure of metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity. Using the difference between mBMI and BMI (mBMIΔ), we identify individuals with a similar BMI but differing in their metabolic health and disease risk profiles. Exercise and diet associate with mBMIΔ …

Low Dose Intravenous Cangrelor Versus Glycoprotein Iib/Iiia Inhibitors In Endovascular Treatment Of Tandem Lesions, Mouhammad A. Jumaa, Aaron Rodriguez-Calienes, Giana Dawod, Juan Vivanco-Suarez, Ameer E. Hassan, Afshin A. Divani, Marion Oliver, Marc Ribo, Nils Petersen, Michael Abraham

School of Medicine Publications

Objectives

Intravenous (IV) periprocedural antiplatelet therapy (APT) for patients undergoing acute carotid stenting during mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is not fully investigated. We aimed to compare the safety profile of IV low dose cangrelorversus IV glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GP-IIb/IIIa) inhibitors in patients with acute tandem lesions (TLs).

Materials and methods

We retrospectively identified all cases of periprocedural administration of IV cangrelor or GP-IIb/IIIa inhibitors during acute TLs intervention from a multicenter collaboration. Patients were divided in two groups according to the IV APT regimen at the time of MT procedure: 1) cangrelor and 2) GP-IIb/IIIa inhibitors (tirofiban and eptifibatide). Safety outcomes …

Endovascular Treatment Of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Tandem Lesions: Antegrade Versus Retrograde Approach, Milagros Galecio-Castillo, Michael Abraham, Mudassir Farooqui, Ameer E. Hassan, Afshin A. Divani, Mouhammad A. Jumaa, Marc Ribo, Nils Petersen, Johanna T. Fifi, Wondwossen G. Tekle

School of Medicine Publications

Objective: The optimal technique for treating tandem lesions (TLs) with endovascular therapy is debatable. The authors evaluated the functional, safety, and procedural outcomes of different approaches in a multicenter study.

Methods: Anterior circulation TL patients treated from January 2015 to December 2020 were divided on the basis of antegrade versus retrograde approach and included. The evaluated outcomes were favorable modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score (mRS score 0-2) at 3 months, ordinal shift in mRS score, successful recanalization, excellent recanalization, first-pass effect (FPE), time from groin puncture to successful recanalization, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and 90-day mortality.

Results: Among 691 patients …

When Two Worlds Collide: A Rare Case Of Multiple Myeloma With Extramedullary Plasmacytoma, Jorge Nadal Bosch, Mario Moya, Samuel Serna, Lee Drinkard, Javier Malcolm

School of Medicine Publications

In this case report, we discuss the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 67-year-old gentleman with stage II multiple myeloma with concurrent biopsy-proven bone plasmacytoma and why it is important to understand the molecular intricacies of these disorders. We emphasize the critical role of radiology in identifying, characterizing, and managing these lesions. Furthermore, we shed light on the critical differentiation between solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma and discuss treatment modalities for both conditions.

A Latent Variable Approach To Assess Dementia In Mexico And The United States: Measurement Invariance And Validation, Joseph Saenz, Christopher Beam, Silvia Mejia-Arango

School of Medicine Publications

Latent dementia indices (LDI) use cognitive and functional data to approximate dementia. Few evaluate the LDI’s utility in cross-national work. This study tests metric measurement invariance of an LDI in the United States and Mexico and evaluates its validity in Mexico. Data included the United States Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP, n=3,267), MexCog (n=2,042), and a Mexican clinical validation sample with diagnosed cognitive status (51 cognitively normal, 49 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 50 dementia) who received the MexCog battery. The LDI was measured using highly comparable items (13 cognitive and 10 functional). We tested metric measurement invariance of the …

Community Or Commodity? Perceived Nurse Support During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jacqueline Christianson, Madaline Mccarthy, Bonnie Sommers-Olson, Jill L. Guttormson, Norah L. Johnson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

This cross-sectional study aimed to understand how nurses perceived community and healthcare institution support during the COVID-19 pandemic. Five themes are described: healthcare institution resource provision, presence and camaraderie, perceived commodification versus supportive gestures, nurses as heroes, and erosion of support over time.

Barriers In Immigrant Mental Healthcare: Women, Children And Fathers, Alisa Pickett

Honors Theses

The American Psychological Association has identified immigrant families as a vulnerable population, whose access to mental healthcare is impacted by numerous barriers (DeAngelis, 2023). Within these communities there is a need for mental health resources, but due to the many barriers these communities face they are often left without care. In this literature review, I will identify the mental health needs, and the barriers that each member of the family (e.g., mothers, children, and fathers) uniquely faces. The discussion will review how these barriers are currently being addressed, specifically looking at changes within practices, use of logotherapy, and changing the …

Formalizing The Faustian Bargain Within The Healthcare Domain: An End-Of-Life Approach., Rachel Appel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A Faustian Bargain refers to an individual making a “deal with the devil,” exchanging something moral or sacred for an unattainable earthly good. The Faustian Bargain has been used to describe a ubiquitous social dilemma inherent to human civilization: exchanging individual liberty for public goods (e.g., security) provided by societal leaders and governments (Ostrom, 1980). Research on Faustian Bargains often examines tradeoffs between outcome utility (i.e., value derived from the outcomes of a decision) and procedural utility (i.e., value derived from being involved in the decision process (e.g., Frey et al., 2004). Much of the research on Faustian Bargains has …

Prevalence Of Lifestyle Cardiovascular Risk Factors And Estimated Framingham 10-Year Risk Scores Of Adults With Psychotic Disorders Compared To Controls At A Referral Hospital In Eldoret, Kenya, Edith Kwobah, Nastassja Koen, Ann Mwangi, Lukoye Atwoli, Dan Stein

Brain and Mind Institute

Introduction: Lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol use, suboptimal diet, and inadequate physical activity have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. There are limited data on these risk factors among patients with psychosis in low- and middle-income countries.

Objectives: This study aimed to establish the prevalence of lifestyle cardiovascular risk factors, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk scores and associated factors in patients with psychosis compared to controls at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya.

Methods: A sample of 297 patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar mood disorder; and 300 controls matched for age and sex …

Submandibular Salivary Gland Vulnerability: Unveiling Aflatoxin B1-Induced Toxicity And Rosmarinus Officinalis 'S Protective Role, Mohamed Shamel, Mahmoud Al Ankily, Mohamed Mansy, Robert Fua Angeles

Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Child With Developmental Delay And Pathological Myopia: Poretti–Boltshauser Syndrome, Arshad Mehmood, Javeria Raza Alvi, Ahmad Bilal, Sameen Qureshi, Shaila Ali, Tipu Sultan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Poretti–Boltshauser syndrome is rare genetic disorder of brain malformation with ocular findings due to mutation in LAMA1 gene. We report a case of five years old girl who presented with high myopia, delayed language and motor development with otherwise normal neurological examination. Brain imaging findings were consistent of Poretti–Boltshauser syndrome with cerebellar dysplasia and cyst (CDC). However, cerebellar ataxia and retinopathy were not found in our index case.

An Economic And Regulatory Analysis Of Gene Therapy Products Authorized By The Us Food And Drug Administration And The European Medicines Agency, Buthainah Ghanem

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Background: Gene therapy has recently emerged as an alternative for preventing and treating disease. Concerns have been expressed about the clinical value and the high cost of gene therapies.

Objective: This study assessed the authorization process of gene therapy products by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA), evaluated the post-marketing safety signals reported to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), and assessed the cost-effectiveness analysis of three gene therapies axicabtagene ciloleucel(axi-cel), lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel), and tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel).

Research Design: For aim 1; data was collected using regulatory information from the FDA and the …

Impact Of Maximal And Minimal Mouth Opening On Mandibular Flexure Via Scanning, Kangyeong Lim

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: Mandibular flexure during mouth opening affects prosthodontic outcomes, but digital scanner research is limited.

Methods: Seventy dental students (35 males, 35 females) had two impressions taken: one with maximum and one with minimum mouth opening.

Results: First molars showed higher deviations than premolars. Females had larger deviations, though not statistically significant.

Conclusion: First molars exhibit greater flexure than premolars.

Keywords: Mandibular flexure, deformation, mouth opening, digital, intraoral scan, three dimensional(3D), prosthetic

Empowering Nursing Staff To Activate Rapid Response Teams: Using In Situ Simulation To Bolster Knowledge And Confidence, Elicia Egozcue, Marrice A. King, Natalie Bermudez, Nohemi Sadule Rios, Mayra Villalba, Ashley Miller

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Purpose: To examine the impact of in situ simulation (ISS) with scripting on nursing staff’s knowledge and confidence to initiate rapid response teams (RRTs) immediately after identifying patient condition deterioration. Background/Significance: Failure to rescue (FTR) related to delays in activation of RRT is on the rise, leading to poor patient outcomes. Lack of confidence, knowledge, and empowerment are associated with delayed activation of RRTs. As such, the nursing staff’s confidence is integral in activating RRTs and FTR prevention. In situ simulation may help nurses increase their confidence, thus empowering timely RRT initiation. Methods: This quantitative pretest–posttest study used a convenience …

The Use Of Descriptive Analytics To Improve Nursing Compliance With Bar Code Medication Administration In The Outpatient Setting, Janisse Post, Stefania Granados, Elyse Garcia, Gloria Arteaga, Cristina Lopez

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Background: Bar Code Medication Administration (BCMA) has been shown to reduce medication errors and improve patient outcomes. The utilization of this technology-driven approach enhances patient care and has emerged as a potent strategy to decrease medication errors. Purpose: This project aimed to examine the impact of descriptive analytics in improving BCMA compliance to reduce medication errors in acute outpatient settings. Methods: In March 2021, baseline data revealed that overall BCMA compliance was 87%, with only 1 out of 20 outpatient units meeting the 95% benchmark. To enhance overall efficiency and effectiveness, our team took a multi-faceted approach, including streamlining the …

Motivations For Joining The Healthcare Field, Elise M. Hernandez Miss

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of The Resuscitation Quality Improvement Program In A System Of Hospitals: A Map For Success, Claudia C. Sabogal-Rodriguez, John Mouw

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Introduction: To prevent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills decay, the International Consensus on Resuscitation suggested retraining every three to six months. Current retraining practices nationwide exceed one to two years, suggesting that clinical staff's CPR skills are rarely at optimum proficiency. The Resuscitation Quality Improvement (RQI) program offers skills decay prevention through quarterly sessions. This manuscript addresses the challenges and opportunities of implementing the RQI program in a hospital system to increase CPR skills quality and cost-savings. Purpose & Methods: This manuscript describes the challenges and opportunities of implementing the RQI program as a quality improvement initiative in a system of …

Analysis Of Non-Kinship Foster Parent Training Needs And Their Support Of Foster Youth: An Occupational Therapy Perspective, Mackenzie King, Pam Kasyan-Howe, Kristin Domville, Amy Paul-Ward

Fall 2023 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

This poster discusses the training needs of non-kinship foster parents and how they support the youth in their care. A quantitative survey was used to find relationships between experience fostering and foster parent preparedness or desire for additional training. The survey also included a section for participants to write down their training needs; themes from this question are found on the poster. The poster further discusses future recommendations and implications for OT practice in working with this population.

Using Noninvasive Calibrated Cuff Plethysmography To Observe The Effects Of Cold-Water Immersion On Arterial Compliance, Rita M. Grigorian

Biomedical Engineering: Graduate Reports and Projects

As the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases continues to exponentially grow in populations across the globe, the necessity of determining underlying factors, effective methods of diagnoses, and universally available preventive measures also grows. Early detection of endothelial dysfunction, a proven precursor of cardiovascular diseases, can be extremely impactful in encouraging preventative measures and early intervention before medical conditions become chronic. In recent years, ice plunging, a form of cryotherapy involving full body immersion in cold water, has gained popularity within circles of fitness and health practitioners, gaining the interest of people of all backgrounds. Certain parallels observed between the human physiological …

Support, Networks, And Relationships: Findings From A Mixed-Methods Evaluation Of A Mentorship Programme For Early Career Women Researchers In Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights, Muhammad Asim, Peter Muriuki Gatheru, Joy J. Chebet, Mehr G. Shah, Anna Thorson, Vanessa Brizuela

Community Health Sciences

Low research output among women researchers in health research has been linked to inadequate mentorship opportunities for early career women researchers and particularly in sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) field. Mentorship has been recognized as a contributor to strengthening research capacity and as beneficial for both mentors and mentees. Women researchers oftentimes experience negative impacts of organizational and structural gender inequities related to formal and informal mentoring. In 2020, the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction at WHO launched a mentorship programme for early career SRHR women researchers from low- and …

Docai, Riley Badnin, Justin Brunings

Computer Science and Software Engineering

DocAI presents a user-friendly platform for recording, transcribing, summarizing, and classifying doctor-patient consultations. The application utilizes AssemblyAI for conversational transcription, and the user interface allows users to either live-record consultations or upload an existing MP3 file. The classification process, powered by 'ml-classify-text,' organizes the consultation transcription into SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan) format – a widely used method of documentation for healthcare providers. The result of this development is a simple yet effective interface that effectively plays the role of a medical scribe. However, the application is still facing challenges of inconsistent summarization from the AssemblyAI backend. Future work …

In The Symphony Of Green Spaces,Brain And Its Thoughts Find The Healing Melody., Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Vasundhara Aggarwa, Nishant Tomar

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.