Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Liquefied Petroleum Gas Or Biomass Cooking And Severe Infant Pneumonia, Eric D. Mccollum, Victor G. Davila-Roman, Lindsay J. Underhill, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Cooking With Liquefied Petroleum Gas Or Biomass On Stunting In Infants, William Checkley, Lindsay J Underhill, Victor G Dávila-Román, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Household air pollution is associated with stunted growth in infants. Whether the replacement of biomass fuel (e.g., wood, dung, or agricultural crop waste) with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking can reduce the risk of stunting is unknown.

METHODS: We conducted a randomized trial involving 3200 pregnant women 18 to 34 years of age in four low- and middle-income countries. Women at 9 to less than 20 weeks' gestation were randomly assigned to use a free LPG cookstove with continuous free fuel delivery for 18 months (intervention group) or to continue using a biomass cookstove (control group). The length …

Inhibiting Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 After Stroke Restores Brain Function And Connectivity, Jakob Hakon, Miriana J Quattromani, Carin Sjölund, Daniela Talhada, Byungchan Kim, Slavianka Moyanova, Federica Mastroiacovo, Luisa Di Menna, Roger Olsson, Elisabet Englund, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Karsten Ruscher, Adam Q Bauer, Tadeusz Wieloch

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Stroke results in local neural disconnection and brain-wide neuronal network dysfunction leading to neurological deficits. Beyond the hyper-acute phase of ischaemic stroke, there is no clinically-approved pharmacological treatment that alleviates sensorimotor impairments. Functional recovery after stroke involves the formation of new or alternative neuronal circuits including existing neural connections. The type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR5) has been shown to modulate brain plasticity and function and is a therapeutic target in neurological diseases outside of stroke. We investigated whether mGluR5 influences functional recovery and network reorganization rodent models of focal ischaemia. Using multiple behavioural tests, we observed that treatment with negative …

Self-Sampling Tools To Increase Cancer Screening Among Underserved Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Jennifer L Moss, Juliette Entenman, Kelsey Stoltzfus, Jiangang Liao, Tracy Onega, Paul L Reiter, Lisa M Klesges, George Garrow, Mack T Ruffin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Screening can reduce cancer mortality, but uptake is suboptimal and characterized by disparities. Home-based self-sampling can facilitate screening for colorectal cancer (with stool tests, eg, fecal immunochemical tests) and for cervical cancer (with self-collected human papillomavirus tests), especially among patients who face barriers to accessing health care. Additional data are needed on feasibility and potential effects of self-sampling tools for cancer screening among underserved patients.

METHODS: We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial with patients (female, ages 50-65 years, out of date with colorectal and cervical cancer screening) recruited from federally qualified health centers in rural and racially segregated …

Low Rna Disruption During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Predicts Pathologic Complete Response Absence In Patients With Breast Cancer, Marina Elena Cazzaniga, Foluso Ademuyiwa, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In previously reported retrospective studies, high tumor RNA disruption during neoadjuvant chemotherapy predicted for post-treatment pathologic complete response (pCR) and improved disease-free survival at definitive surgery for primary early breast cancer. The BREVITY (Breast Cancer Response Evaluation for Individualized Therapy) prospective clinical trial (NCT03524430) seeks to validate these prior findings. Here we report training set (Phase I) findings, including determination of RNA disruption index (RDI) cut points for outcome prediction in the subsequent validation set (Phase II; 454 patients). In 80 patients of the training set, maximum tumor RDI values for biopsies obtained during neoadjuvant chemotherapy were significantly higher in …

The Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Promotes Infection Of Multiple Encephalitic Alphaviruses, Hongming Ma, Lucas J Adams, Saravanan Raju, Alan Sariol, Natasha M Kafai, Hana Janova, William B Klimstra, Daved H Fremont, Michael S Diamond

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, including LDLRAD3, VLDLR, and ApoER2, were recently described as entry factors for different alphaviruses. However, based on studies with gene edited cells and knockout mice, blockade or abrogation of these receptors does not fully inhibit alphavirus infection, indicating the existence of additional uncharacterized entry factors. Here, we perform a CRISPR-Cas9 genome-wide loss-of-function screen in mouse neuronal cells with a chimeric alphavirus expressing the Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) structural proteins and identify LDLR as a candidate receptor. Expression of LDLR on the surface of neuronal or non-neuronal cells facilitates binding and infection …

Sarm1 Knockout Prevents Type 1 Diabetic Bone Disease In Females Independent Of Neuropathy, Jennifer M. Brazill, Ivana R. Shen, Clarissa S. Craft, Kristann L. Magee, Jay S. Park, Madelyn Lorenz, Amy Strickland, Natalie K. Wee, Xiao Zhang, Alec T. Beeve, Gretchen A. Meyer, Jeffrey Milbrandt, Aaron Diantonio, Erica L. Scheller

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Patients with diabetes have a high risk of developing skeletal diseases accompanied by diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). In this study, we isolated the role of DPN in skeletal disease with global and conditional knockout models of sterile-α and TIR-motif-containing protein-1 (Sarm1). SARM1, an NADase highly expressed in the nervous system, regulates axon degeneration upon a range of insults, including DPN. Global knockout of Sarm1 prevented DPN, but not skeletal disease, in male mice with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Female wild-type mice also developed diabetic bone disease but without DPN. Unexpectedly, global Sarm1 knockout completely protected female mice from T1D-associated bone …

Heterozygous Mutations In The C-Terminal Domain Of Copa Underlie A Complex Autoinflammatory Syndrome, Selket Delafontaine, Tarin M. Bigley, Megan A. Cooper, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mutations in the N-terminal WD40 domain of coatomer protein complex subunit α (COPA) cause a type I interferonopathy, typically characterized by alveolar hemorrhage, arthritis, and nephritis. We described 3 heterozygous mutations in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of COPA (p.C1013S, p.R1058C, and p.R1142X) in 6 children from 3 unrelated families with a similar syndrome of autoinflammation and autoimmunity. We showed that these CTD COPA mutations disrupt the integrity and the function of coat protein complex I (COPI). In COPAR1142X and COPAR1058C fibroblasts, we demonstrated that COPI dysfunction causes both an anterograde ER-to-Golgi and a retrograde Golgi-to-ER trafficking defect. The disturbed intracellular …

Thinking Outside The Box For Experiential Student Learning: Development Of Remote Experiential Learning And Volunteering During The Pandemic, Amy Christopher

Learning Teaching Forum

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, experiential learning for health care professional programs struggled to find clinical rotation sites and provide students in the didactic curricular phase opportunities to apply health education outside of the classroom. Many healthcare sites and community health screening events were prohibited during an extended period of time due to pandemic isolation. As a health educator, exploration of remote experiential learning took creative planning to ensure students were able to apply their medical knowledge in real-life situations, give back to their community according to Marianist charisms, and fulfill healthcare-related volunteer service hour requirements.

More information in …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - January 3, 2024, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the January 3, 2024 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• Meet a Med Student: Avery Silar
• Pediatric ear, nose and throat specialist joins faculty
• Brewer returns to Whiddon COM as interim chair of orthopaedic surgery
• Group to focus on climate and health in Alabama

Conflict With Peer: Workload Sharing, Alyssa Fabrizio, Elnaz Guivatchian, Joshua Rayham, Nico-Luis Ayala, Nikolas Minanov, Sidney Caudell, Sahalia Rashid, Rahul Vyas

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

The Sensory Accommodation Framework For Technology: Bridging Sensory Processing To Social Cognition, Louanne Boyd

Engineering Faculty Books and Book Chapters

This book provides a thorough introduction to the many facets of designing technologies for autism, with a particular focus on optimizing visual attention frameworks. This book is designed to provide a detailed overview of several aspects of technology for autism. Each Chapter illustrates different parts of the Sensory Accommodation Framework and provides examples of relevant available technologies. The books first discusses a variety of skills that make up human development as well as a history of autism as a diagnosis and the birth of the neurodiversity movement. It goes on to detail individual types of therapy and how they interact …

Conflict With Patient: Late Physician And Patient Wait Time, Anisha Patel, Annelise Gordon, Jonathan Toma, Maximilian Wehner, Rohit Goru, Amanah Fatima

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Patient: Disrespectful Patient, Breanna Ramsey, Michelle Chung, Nevil Khurana, Olivia Decker, Riley Wistrom, Sinyu Yang, Wassim Mohamad-Said

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Peer: Handling Microaggressions, Desiree Duncan, Hazem Alata, Kyle O'Hollaren, Kyriacos Vlachos, Nicole Oska, Rebecca Cameron, Sahalia Rashid

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Peer: Late Team Member, Alexander Minos, Carline Dugue, Ethan Mathew, Katherine Sommers, Lauren Fleckenstein, Peter Zakaria, Sahalia Rashid, Rahul Vyas

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Peer: Scheduling Conflicts, Saleh Al-Juburi, Alexa Kalaj, Amrutha Kotlure, Hannah Lee, Juwan Taylor, Salvatore Serra, Mariam Raheem

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Administrators: Administration Conflicts And Its Impact On Patient Care, Adam Chaban, Ajay Pradhan, Aminah Fayyaz, Cyrus Amirfazli, Karina Haleblian, Nina Brahmbhatt, Amanah Fatima

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Administrators: Addressing Inappropriate Language, Alexander Buendia, Brizzy Brown, Emmanuel Meram, Hasti Nema, Madilyn Mason, Samaah Saifullah, Sahalia Rashid

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Administrators: Administrator Makes An Insensitive Joke, Alexa Bernard, Elli Johnson, Jackson Ferris, Jose Lopez, Susan Hartzell, Theodore Schiff, Amanah Fatima

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Administrators: Administration And Colleague Conflict, Aalia Siddiqui, Anna Zhao, Brian Hughes, Neeraj Ochaney, Amanah Fatima

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Administrators: Documentation And Administrator Conflict, Arainya Durham, Jacob Hall, James Soetedjo, Khush Hussain, Samantha Markowitz, Shruthi Ilango, Amanah Fatima, Fadi Kathawa

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Administrators: Addressing Inappropriate Dress Code, Eve Sherbin, Brock Bradley, Jeremy Taigman, Nathan Li, Pranally Desai, Tiffany Mckenney, Ayman Salem

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Administrators: Communication Professionalism Conflict, Cyra Kharas, Mihika Sridhar, Paul Villa, Robert Leone, Sophia Gandarillas, Kenan Abou Chaer, Astha Saini

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Administrators: Adjustment Of Patient Schedule, Breanna Ramsey, Michelle Chung, Nevil Khurana, Olivia Decker, Riley Wistrom, Sinyu Yang, Wassim Mohamad-Said

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Patient: Medication Noncompliance: Openness And Empathy, Anastasia Goldbaum, Austin Kim, Cole Sabinash, Gabrielle Cowen, Kassim Salami, Simran Brar, Sahalia Rashid

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Patient: Managing Different Expectations Between Physician And Patient, Adam Chaban, Ajay Pradhan, Aminah Fayyaz, Cyrus Amirfazli, Karina Haleblian, Nina Brahmbhatt, Amanah Fatima

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Patient: Empathy And Patient Care, Anjani Raja, Armaan Naghdi, Blaise Deschamps, Jack Mao, Noor Sulieman, Stephanie Barna, Amanah Fatima

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Patient: Long Wait Time At Doctor Office, Alexander Minos, Carline Dugue, Ethan Mathew, Katherine Sommers, Lauren Fleckenstein, Peter Zakaria, Sahalia Rashid, Rahul Vyas

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Conflict With Patient: Bias And Patient Care, James Burtka, Alyssa Rogers, Kaitlin Verkuilen, Maria Tjilos, Nelson Pinto, Siddharth Tirumala, Amanah Fatima, Fadi Kathawa

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.