Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Education And Simulation Outcomes Of Death And Dying Perceptions Of Rt Students, Cheryl Skinner, Lauren Driscoll

Innovations in Health Sciences Education Journal

This is a published abstract from the UNMC Spotlight on Scholarship 2024.

Interprofessional Team Performance In Pediatric Settings: Analyzing Reflections From Qi-Trained Medical Students, Catherine Napolitano, Russell J. Buzalko, Gary L. Beck Dallaghan, Kari Simonsen

Innovations in Health Sciences Education Journal

This is a published abstract from the UNMC Spotlight on Scholarship 2024.

Using Evidence-Based Practices To Improve Sonography Scan Lab Instruction: Peyton’S 4-Step Approach, Kathryn Wampler, Kim Michael

Innovations in Health Sciences Education Journal

This is a published abstract from the UNMC Spotlight on Scholarship 2024.

Learner Influence On Pediatric Patient Experience: Exploring Family Members’ Perspectives, Catherine Napolitano, Kari Simonsen, Gary L. Beck Dallaghan, Russell J. Buzalko

Innovations in Health Sciences Education Journal

This is a published abstract from the UNMC Spotlight on Scholarship 2024.

Telehealth Evaluation In The United States: Protocol For A Scoping Review, Yunxi Zhang, Yueh-Yun Lin, Lincy S Lal, Jennifer C Reneker, Elizabeth G Hinton, Saurabh Chandra, J Michael Swint

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The rapid expansion of telehealth services, driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, necessitates systematic evaluation to guarantee the quality, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of telehealth services and programs in the United States. While numerous evaluation frameworks have emerged, crafted by various stakeholders, their comprehensiveness is limited, and the overall state of telehealth evaluation remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE: The overarching goal of this scoping review is to create a comprehensive overview of telehealth evaluation, incorporating perspectives from multiple stakeholder categories. Specifically, we aim to (1) map the existing landscape of telehealth evaluation, (2) identify key concepts for evaluation, (3) synthesize existing evaluation frameworks, …

Sans-Cnn: An Automated Machine Learning Technique For Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome With Astronaut Imaging Data, Sharif Amit Kamran, Khondker Fariha Hossain, Joshua Ong, Nasif Zaman, Ethan Waisberg, Phani Paladugu, Andrew G Lee, Alireza Tavakkoli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is one of the largest physiologic barriers to spaceflight and requires evaluation and mitigation for future planetary missions. As the spaceflight environment is a clinically limited environment, the purpose of this research is to provide automated, early detection and prognosis of SANS with a machine learning model trained and validated on astronaut SANS optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. In this study, we present a lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) incorporating an EfficientNet encoder for detecting SANS from OCT images titled "SANS-CNN." We used 6303 OCT B-scan images for training/validation (80%/20% split) and 945 for testing …

Gpr56 In Gvl: Marker Or Mechanism?, Audra N Iness, Pavan Bachireddy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Embracing Cancer Complexity: Hallmarks Of Systemic Disease, Charles Swanton, Elsa Bernard, Chris Abbosh, Fabrice André, Johan Auwerx, Allan Balmain, Dafna Bar-Sagi, René Bernards, Susan Bullman, James Degregori, Catherine Elliott, Ayelet Erez, Gerard Evan, Mark A Febbraio, Andrés Hidalgo, Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, Johanna A Joyce, Matthew Kaiser, Katja Lamia, Jason W Locasale, Sherene Loi, Ilaria Malanchi, Miriam Merad, Kathryn Musgrave, Ketan J Patel, Sergio Quezada, Jennifer A Wargo, Ashani Weeraratna, Eileen White, Frank Winkler, John N Wood, Karen H Vousden, Douglas Hanahan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The last 50 years have witnessed extraordinary developments in understanding mechanisms of carcinogenesis, synthesized as the hallmarks of cancer. Despite this logical framework, our understanding of the molecular basis of systemic manifestations and the underlying causes of cancer-related death remains incomplete. Looking forward, elucidating how tumors interact with distant organs and how multifaceted environmental and physiological parameters impinge on tumors and their hosts will be crucial for advances in preventing and more effectively treating human cancers. In this perspective, we discuss complexities of cancer as a systemic disease, including tumor initiation and promotion, tumor micro- and immune macro-environments, aging, metabolism …

Development Of Ige-Mediated Food Allergies In Children With History Of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis: A Series Of Five Cases, Kim L. Tran, Elizabeth L. Wisner, George M. Jeha, Luke A. Wall

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is a non-IgE-mediated allergic condition that presents with hematochezia in otherwise healthy infants. It is most commonly induced by cow's milk protein via breast milk or formula. The prognosis for FPIAP is generally considered favorable with most infants achieving symptomatic resolution after diet modification. Most infants go on to tolerate the offending foods by 1–3 years of age. Over 8 years at our institution, five patients were identified and noted to have FPIAP to cow's milk during infancy with subsequent development of IgE-mediated allergic reaction to cow's milk and other foods. All five cases developed …

Are You Ready? Assessing The Impact Of Online Professional Development On Health Professions Educators' Readiness And Knowledge For Online And Blended Teaching, Tanya M. Custer

Innovations in Health Sciences Education Journal

This is a published abstract from the UNMC Spotlight on Scholarship 2024.

Digitally Printed Assessment Tool For Identification Of Simulated Tooth Occlusal Interferences, Julie Marshall, Adriana Lamounier, Marwa Taguri, Elizabeth Lyden, Gregory Bennett

Innovations in Health Sciences Education Journal

This is a published abstract from the UNMC Spotlight on Scholarship 2024.

Ob/Gyn Residents’ Confidence Completing Genetic Carrier Screening-Related Tasks Before And After An Interactive Educational Intervention, Elizabeth Reese, Sarah B. Mcbrien, Brittany Bowman, Laura Cudzilo-Kelsey, Sara Fisher

Innovations in Health Sciences Education Journal

This is a published abstract from the UNMC Spotlight on Scholarship 2024.

Perceptions Of Medical Residents Of Interprofessional Staffing With A Physician And A Clinical Pharmacist In A Primary Care Clinic Setting, Jessica Witt, Melanie Menning, Anthony Donovan

Innovations in Health Sciences Education Journal

This is a published abstract from the UNMC Spotlight on Scholarship 2024.

Axodetect: An Automated Nerve Image Segmentation And Quantification Workflow For Computational Nerve Modeling, David A Lloyd, Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Mario I Romero-Ortega

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: Bioelectronic treatments targeting near-organ innervation have unprecedented clinical applications. Particularly in the spleen, the inhibition of the cholinergic inflammatory response by near-organ nerve stimulation has potential to replace pharmacological treatments in chronic and autoimmune diseases. A caveat is that the optimization of therapeutic stimulation parameters relies on in vivo experimentation, which becomes challenging due to the small nerve diameters (2 m), complex anatomy, and mixed axon type composition of the autonomic nerves. Effective development of in silico models requires tools which allow for fast and efficient quantification of axonal composition of specific nerves. Current approaches to generate such …

Antitumor Efficacy And Safety Of Unedited Autologous Cd5car T Cells In Relapsed/Refractory Mature T-Cell Lymphomas, Laquisa C Hill, Rayne H Rouce, Mengfen J Wu, Tao Wang, Royce Ma, Huimin Zhang, Birju Mehta, Natalia Lapteva, Zhuyong Mei, Tyler S Smith, Lina Yang, Madhuwanti Srinivasan, Phillip M Burkhardt, Carlos A Ramos, Premal Lulla, Martha Arredondo, Bambi Grilley, Helen E Heslop, Malcolm K Brenner, Maksim Mamonkin

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Despite newer targeted therapies, patients with primary refractory or relapsed (r/r) T-cell lymphoma have a poor prognosis. The development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell platforms to treat T-cell malignancies often requires additional gene modifications to overcome fratricide because of shared T-cell antigens on normal and malignant T cells. We developed a CD5-directed CAR that produces minimal fratricide by downmodulating CD5 protein levels in transduced T cells while retaining strong cytotoxicity against CD5⁺ malignant cells. In our first-in-human phase 1 study (NCT0308190), second-generation autologous CD5.CAR T cells were manufactured from patients with r/r T-cell malignancies. Here, we report safety …

Attenuation Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (Pah)-Induced Carcinogenesis And Tumorigenesis By Omega-3 Fatty Acids In Mice In Vivo, Guobin Xia, Guodong Zhou, Weiwu Jiang, Chun Chu, Lihua Wang, Bhagavatula Moorthy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A and 1B1 to DNA-reactive metabolites, which could lead to mutations in critical genes, eventually resulting in cancer. Omega-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are beneficial against cancers. In this investigation, we elucidated the mechanisms by which omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA will attenuate PAH-DNA adducts and lung carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis mediated by the PAHs BP and MC. Adult wild-type (WT) (A/J) mice, Cyp1a1-null, Cyp1a2-null, or Cyp1b1-null mice were exposed …

The Remission Status Of Aml Patients After Allo-Hct Is Associated With A Distinct Single-Cell Bone Marrow T-Cell Signature, Anna Mathioudaki, Xizhe Wang, David Sedloev, Richard Huth, Aryan Kamal, Michael Hundemer, Yi Liu, Spyridoula Vasileiou, Premal Lulla, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Peter Dreger, Thomas Luft, Tim Sauer, Michael Schmitt, Judith B Zaugg, Caroline Pabst

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy for which allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) often remains the only curative therapeutic approach. However, incapability of T cells to recognize and eliminate residual leukemia stem cells might lead to an insufficient graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect and relapse. Here, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) on bone marrow (BM) T lymphocytes and CD34+ cells of 6 patients with AML 100 days after allo-HCT to identify T-cell signatures associated with either imminent relapse (REL) or durable complete remission (CR). We observed a higher frequency of cytotoxic CD8+ effector and gamma delta (γδ) T cells in …

Using Stated Preference Methods To Facilitate Knowledge Translation In Implementation Science, Whitney C Irie, Andrew Kerkhoff, Hae-Young Kim, Elvin Geng, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Enhancing the arsenal of methods available to shape implementation strategies and bolster knowledge translation is imperative. Stated preference methods, including discrete choice experiments (DCE) and best-worst scaling (BWS), rooted in economics, emerge as robust, theory-driven tools for understanding and influencing the behaviors of both recipients and providers of innovation. This commentary outlines the wide-ranging application of stated preference methods across the implementation continuum, ushering in effective knowledge translation. The prospects for utilizing these methods within implementation science encompass (1) refining and tailoring intervention and implementation strategies, (2) exploring the relative importance of implementation determinants, (3) identifying critical outcomes for key …

Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma In The Rio Grande Valley: A Case Report, Miguel A. Lopez, Maria Villegas, Thomas Davis

Research Symposium

Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of invasive breast cancer found in a small percentage of patients in the United States. The Rio Grande Valley is a region of Texas with pockets of low socioeconomic status and increased rates of obesity, a large risk factor for IBC. The cutaneous presentation of IBC is a tender, erythematous patch or plaque that surrounds hair follicles (referred to as peau d’orange) and is frequently edematous. Diagnosis requires a high clinical index of suspicion supported by a thorough patient history and pathology consistent with invasive carcinoma. This case study discusses …

Hypermetabolic Lymphadenopathy Following The Administration Of Covid-19 Vaccine And Immunotherapy In A Lung Cancer Patient: A Case Report, Shreya Tripathy, Nathaniel Alvarez, Shubham Jaiswal, Ryan Williams, Munaf Al-Khadimi, Sarah Hackman, William Phillips, Supreet Kaur, Sherri Cervantez, William Kelly, Josephine Taverna

Research Symposium

Background: Given the current climate of the pandemic, lung cancer patients are especially vulnerable to complications from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. As a high-risk population group, these patients are strongly advised to receive coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in accordance with Center for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines to minimize morbidity and mortality. In recent years, immunotherapy has taken a preeminent role in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with dramatic improvement in overall survival. Reactive lymphadenopathy following the administration of a coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination can confound the radiographic interpretation of positron emission tomography-computed tomography or …

The Role Of Divergent Noncoding Gene In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Barbara Yang, Melina J. Sedano, Shrikanth S. Gadad

Research Symposium

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women after lung cancer. Breast cancer is grouped into different molecular subtypes; triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 20%. TNBC is a highly aggressive histologic subtype; the lack of unique therapeutic targets makes it harder to treat. Recent studies have implicated genes involved in cancers that are transcribed using a process known as divergent transcription. The expression of these genes is tightly regulated; however, many escape regulation and become aberrantly expressed in tumors. Interestingly, our genomic analysis suggests that several of these genes encode noncoding transcripts. Analysis of transcriptome …

The Role Of A Cancer Testis-Antigen In Regulating Tumor Growth And Oncogenic Pathways In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer., Melina J. Sedano, Alana L. Harrison, Victoria Reid, Subramanian Dhandayuthapani, Shrikanth S. Gadad

Research Symposium

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, after lung cancer. Unfortunately, it is the primary cause of death among Hispanic women. Approximately 10-20% of breast cancers are classified as basal (triple-negative) subtypes, which are challenging to treat due to the absence of specific targets. Triple-negative breast cancer is a highly aggressive and lethal type of tumor, particularly among Hispanic women, with a poor prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. Therefore, it is crucial to identify new molecules with therapeutic and prognostic values to treat this evolving disease. Multiple studies have demonstrated that X-linked genes …

Role Of Trpv6 In Mitigating Alcohol-Induced Disruption Of Tight Junctions, Barrier Function, And Hepatic Injury, Avtar S. Meena, Radhakrishna K. Rao

Research Symposium

Background: Persistent alcohol consumption is widely recognized as a precursor to alcoholic liver disease. However, the intriguing observation persists that only a minority, approximately 20%, of individuals with alcohol use disorder succumb to this liver ailment. The factors contributing to this variability remain elusive. Studies indicate that individuals with alcoholic liver disease exhibit endotoxemia, with endotoxins primarily originating from colonic microflora. Moreover, these patients manifest disruptions in epithelial tight junctions, leading to compromised barrier function in the gastrointestinal tract. In this context, the transient receptor vanilloid receptor 6 (TRPV6) emerges as a crucial regulator of calcium absorption and transport, particularly …

Optimization And Characterization Of One-Step Multi-Functionalization Of Virus-Like Particles For Multimodality Nanoplatforms, Andrea Dorado Baeza, Prakhar Sengar, Rafael Vázquez-Duhalt, Kanchan Chauhan

Research Symposium

Background: Multimodality platforms integrating targeting, therapeutic and diagnostic modalities are gaining attention in the area of smart nanomedicines for cancers. However, their multi-step synthesis strategies are the major bottleneck for large-scale production with high reproducibility. Isocyanide-based multi-component reactions (IMCRs) have become popular in modern chemistry and have offered effective access to highly diverse and complex final products in a single step. Herein, isocyanide-based 4-component (4CRs) UGI reaction is optimized on virus-like particles (VLPs) to develop multimodal nanoplatforms more efficiently.

Methods: In this work, biocatalytic P22CYP nanoreactors were multifunctionalized with: (i) enzyme Glucose Oxidase (GOx) to obtain a cascade enzymatic activity …

Novel Therapeutic Strategy For Cervical Cancer Treatment, Mohammed Sikander, Shabnam Malik, John Apraku, Sonam Kumari, Parvez Khan, Daniel Zubieta, Hassan Mandil, Aditya Ganju, Bhavin Chauhan, Maria C. Bell, Man Mohan Singh, Sheema Khan, Murali M. Yallapu, Fathi T. Halaweish, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan

Research Symposium

Aberrant activation of β-catenin signaling is strongly associated with cancer proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis, thus small molecules that can inhibit this pathway might have great clinical significance. Our molecular modeling studies suggest that Ormeloxifene (ORM), a triphenylethylene molecule docks with β-catenin, and its brominated analogue (Br-ORM) bind more effectively with relatively less energy (-7.6 kcal/mol) to the active site of β-catenin as compared to parent ORM. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a Br-ORM by NMR and FTIR, as well as its anti-cancer potential in cervical cancer models in vitro and in vivo. Br-ORM treatment effectively inhibited …

Moringin, An Isothiocyanate Improves The Susceptibility Of Breast Cancer Cells To Doxorubicin, Ankit Srivastava, Anusmita Shekher, Subash Chandra Gupta

Research Symposium

Background: Breast cancer has become the most frequent tumor worldwide and is expected to have a large impact on cancer fatalities globally. Thus, the development of precise molecular diagnosis and prognosis is essential for the effective treatment of breast cancer patients. Doxorubicin (DOXO) is the widely accepted chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of breast cancer. However, the primary challenge with current chemotherapy drugs is their toxic effects on healthy tissues. Moringin (MG), an Isothiocyanate (ITC) is produced from the seeds of Moringa oleifera. It is produced from the myrosinase-catalyzed hydrolysis of glucomoringin. Chemosensitization is a strategy used in cancer treatment …

Metabolic Reprogramming In Breast Cancer Patients As Revealed By 1h Nmr Spectroscopy, Anusmita Shekher, Ankit Srivastava, Puneet, Nikee Awasthee, Dinesh Kumar, Subash Chandra Gupta

Research Symposium

Background: Breast cancer is a global health concern among women. Several metabolic pathways are dysregulated in breast cancer cells, including alterations in energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Reprogramming of metabolic pathways may facilitate inappropriate proliferation of cancer cells and adaptation to the tumor microenvironment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulatory targets in the process of tumorigenesis. However, the role of lncRNAs in the process of metabolic reprogramming is not properly known. Exploring metabolic alterations and its association with lncRNAs expression might be helpful for developing new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer management.

Objectives: …

Lncrna Malat1 As A Novel Stress Related Factor In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Amayrani Sanchez, Kyle Doxtater, Mohammad Shabir Hussain, Sophia M. Leslie, Subhash C. Chuahan, Elias George, Manish Kumar Tripathi

Research Symposium

As a result of the fast life pace, stress, and a major dietary shift toward preserved food, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence and mortality are on rising trend, thus posing severe concerns. Texas is expected to have the second highest number of deaths related to liver cancer, with Hispanics having the highest mortality rate. HCC accounts for 85% to 90% of liver cancers. The Rio Grande Valley (RGV) region, where a predominantly (~90%) Latino/Hispanic population resides, has ~4-fold higher prevalence of liver cirrhosis and is a major hotspot of HCC in the nation. In addition, it was found to be positively …

Clinical Significance Of Targeting Ribosome Biogenesis In Pancreatic Cancer Therapy, Mudassier Ahmad, Sahir Sultan Alvi, Haider Ahsan, Carlos Perez, Muhammad Bangash, Andrew Massey, Emmanuel Anning, Aun A. Bangash, Manu Sebastian, Manish Tripathi, Dae Joon Kim, Subhash Chauhan, Bilal B. Hafeez

Research Symposium

Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States with limited therapeutic options available. Gemcitabine (GEM), a deoxycytidine nucleoside analog is currently considered the most effective therapy for PanCa. However, it shows only a marginal survival benefit of six months. Aberrant ribosome biogenesis occurs in most tumor types. We observed that PanCa cells are addicted to ribosome biogenesis (RiBi), which supports their highly aggressive metastatic phenotypes. Thus, strategically targeting RiBi process could be one of the ideal strategies for the prevention and treatment of PanCa. In this study, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms of …

Ceacam7 Emerges As A Promising Early Detection Biomarker In Pancreatic Cancer., Anupam Dhasmana, Swati Dhasmana, Iris A. Enriquez-Perez, Sheema Khan, Murali M. Yallapu, Subhash C. Chauhan

Research Symposium

Background: According to the key statistics from the American Cancer Society in 2021, Pancreatic Cancer (PanCa) impacts approximately 60,430 individuals annually in the U.S., affecting 31,950 men and 28,480 women. Diagnosis and treatment of PanCa pose significant challenges. It stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, boasting a mere 9% 5-year survival rate and an overall grim prognosis. Adenocarcinomas, particularly PDAC, constitute the majority (around 85-90%) of PanCa cases, contributing to its highly aggressive nature and low survival rates. The absence of an early tumor-specific biomarker for PDAC underscores the urgent need for a novel strategy to enhance …