Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Evidence-Based Strategy To Improve Delirium Detection In Elderly Postsurgical Patients, Aimee Baker

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Postoperative delirium (POD) is a serious adverse outcome that frequently affects older adults. Patients experiencing POD are at greater risk for postoperative mortality, increased length of hospital stay, functional decline, and increased cost of care. Current global population trends indicate that the population of adults over the age of 60 years old will double over the next thirty years. Recent guidelines call for hospitals to implement routine delirium assessment to improve early intervention. Nursing delirium assessment tools are a critical resource for early delirium identification. Nursing delirium assessment tools are often highly sensitive and specific for delirium when used in …

Hedgehog Signaling And Congenital Disorders; The Case Of Anencephaly And Polydactyly, Joshua Towery

First-Year Research Immersion (FRI) Scholarship

The Hedgehog pathway is a fundamental signaling pathway in the human body; involved in carcinogenesis, stem cell maintenance, as well as limb patterning in embryonic development. Originally discovered in drosophila, their initial discovery, and subsequent analysis revealed many novel pieces of information about the mechanisms inside the human body, as many core components of the signaling pathway are carried over from fruit flies to humans. Because of the key roles hedgehog signaling plays in human development, dysfunction and mutations in the pathway can be detrimental. This review will focus on two congenital birth defects thought to be caused by hedgehog …

The Impact Of Neurological Diseases In Kisumu, Kenya: Case Studies At Jootrh And Kcrh, Jack F. Dunham

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Introduction: The burden that neurological diseases put on health systems is high, and growing across the globe, especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) like Kenya. For this reason, our study sought out to study the burden and impact of neurological diseases at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH) and Kisumu County Referral Hospital (KCRH), which are in Western Kenya.

Methods: Utilizing data from handwritten patient records spanning 23 months, our study collected said data and analyzed the prevalence, incidence, distribution, and outcomes of different neurological diseases as they impact the Kisumu community.

Results/Discussion: Comparing …

College Of Health Sciences Newsletter, College Of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University

Ellmer College of Health Sciences Newsletters

April 2024 issue of Old Dominion University's College of Health Sciences Newsletter.

Improving Emergency Department Nurses Communication Self-Efficacy With Underrepresented Populations Through Cultural Humility Training, Nikki L. Graham

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Problem Description: The chasm of health inequality for underrepresented populations in the United States is growing, despite advances in healthcare and increased life expectancy. Disparities span the age and healthcare continuum for underrepresented populations, with increased mortality and morbidity rates in nearly every category. Non-white residents in Cook County face the same challenges. Historical lack of trust creates a reluctance to seek healthcare among Black populations, but when they do, they are disproportionately dissatisfied with their care, receive less aggressive treatment, and report higher levels of uncontrolled pain. Nurses, as the largest body of healthcare professionals, are uniquely positioned …

Exercise Effect On Gestational Weight Gain And Diabetes In Women Of Elevated Bmi, Lauren Staton

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this literature review is to determine the effect of exercise on gestational weight gain and diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Maternal obesity is a risk factor that may increase the likelihood of adverse outcomes during pregnancy such as excessive weight gain, gestational diabetes, macrosomia, and cesarean delivery. As obesity has become a more prevalent diagnosis, the healthcare field is beginning to see its effects on an abundance of patient profiles, including pregnant women. In the primary care setting, providers are the source of information for patients as to what healthy weight gain during pregnancy looks like. By implementing …

Mood Stabilizers Vs Stimulants For The Management Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Comorbidity Bipolar Disorder, Karina Van Slyke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

BD and ADHD share a lot of similar symptoms such as comorbidities, age of onset, chronic, enduring course of illness with interference of vocational, educational, and developmental milestones. There is immense challenge when it comes to differentiating these disorders due to significant overlap and variable courses of psychopathology in children. Providers need to be aware of the medications that are beneficial for each condition separately and which medications can benefit both conditions. Mood stabilizers are commonly used in bipolar disorder while stimulants are a common treatment for ADHD. A literature review was performed using search databases such as PubMed to …

Patient Outcomes With Tele-Emergency Medicine Services In Rural Areas, Andrea Rieder

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this literature review was to examine patient outcomes with the use of tele-emergency medicine. Teleemergency medicine serves as a tool to expand the healthcare team in rural facilities by connecting them with specialized providers, typically via video conference call, for assistance in surge or lowstaff situations, or for guidance in more complicated cases that rural providers might typically transfer to a larger hospital. A benefit of adopting a tele-emergency medicine service is that it can shorten time to care and reduce the need for transfers, thereby reducing associated costs. The question arises as to whether patient outcomes …

Comparison Of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections And Hyaluronic Acid Injections In The Treatment Of Knee Osteoarthritis, Isaac Knutson

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases that people can suffer from in today’s society. This degenerative disease can affect any of the body’s joints, but is most common in the knees, hands and spine. This review studied the effects of two specific treatments for knee osteoarthritis: platelet-rich plasma injections and hyaluronic acid injections. Both of these treatments can be provided by a primary care provider that has the proper training as well as an orthopedic specialist. Platelet-rich plasma injections (PRP) are the patient’s own blood products reintroduced into the affected joint to stimulate healing. Hyaluronic acid (HA) occurs …

Ssri/Snri Medication Vs. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In The Treatment And Management Of Postpartum Anxiety, Kelsey Sederquest

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this literature review is to determine the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/Selective Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI/SNRI) in women suffering from postpartum anxiety. Efficacy of non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and combination therapy compared within this review. Lastly, prophylactic treatment of anxiety was examined in women who were pregnant or who were newly postpartum without diagnosis of anxiety. In this review the database PubMed was utilized to conduct research that included many different keywords. The articles included were limited to within the last 30 years, and research was narrowed by limiting patient population to postpartum …

Exercise And Preventing Dementia In Older Adults, Valerie Snelling

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Dementia is a devastating diagnosis for millions of individuals and the prevalence is projected to increase significantly in the next 30 years. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019), there are over five million individuals aged 65 and over living in the United States with dementia. That number is estimated to increase to 14 million by 2060. The impact of the increasing prevalence of dementia is significant. Because dementia is a complex disease caused by over 50 underlying health conditions, finding effective treatments for the disease is difficult. This makes prevention of dementia extremely important. The purpose …

Managing Picky Eating In Your Child And Signs It May Be Something More, Maggie Mckay, Sara R. Gould

Parent-ish Podcast

No parent loves to hear "I don't like that!" at meal times. Dr. Sara Gould discusses how you can manage picky eating with your child, and when to look for signs that this could be something more serious.

Click here to stream the podcast episode.

Viral Bronchiolitis: High Flow Nasal Cannula Versus Non-Invasive Ventilation Management’S Effect On Length Of Stay, Prevention Of Mechanical Ventilation, And Mortality, Justis Caldwell

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• This research aimed to review the literature relating to pediatric patients hospitalized with viral bronchiolitis and determine if there is a difference between high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in preventing mechanical ventilation, decreasing the length of hospital stay, and decreasing morbidity and mortality.

• A literature review was performed using the electronic search database PubMed. Keyword and mesh terms were used to define a set of literature discussing the use of high-flow nasal cannula versus continuous positive airway pressure in the management of viral bronchitis in pediatric patients. The search revealed a total of 37 studies. …

Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis: Immunosuppression Versus Stem Cell Therapy, Bailee Blickensderfer

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

This literature review will discuss the difference in efficacy and side effect profile between methotrexate monotherapy and mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is a debilitating inflammatory condition that effects a person’s mobility and can cause chronic, intense pain. Due to the side effect profile of methotrexate, mesenchymal stem cell therapy is being investigated as a treatment option. There were 11 scholarly articles evaluated for the purpose of this literature review. Data compiled from these studies supports the use of Mesenchymal stem cells as treatment for rheumatoid arthritis due to immunomodulatory effect on multiple …

Factors Related To Intent To Stay Among Acute Care Health Professionals, Danell Stengem, Alison Smock, Ashley Doherty, Dana Kopp, Karen Colorafi, Teresa Rangel

Social Work

No abstract provided.

Snack, Chat And Chill: A Virtual Nutrition, Socialization And Stress Reduction Intervention For Adults With Disabilities, Leslie Spencer, Kristen August, Dara Lobuono, Joan Perks, Megan Mason

Rita & Larry Salva School of Nursing and Health Professions Departmental Research

Objective: Create and evaluate a virtual intervention to improve dietary habits, social interaction, and stress management among persons with disabilities (PwD). Assess validity and reliability of survey instruments to measure intervention constructs.

Design: Pre- and post-intervention surveys; post-intervention focus groups.

Setting: Virtual sessions from home kitchens.

Participants: Adults ages 18 and older with intellectual and developmental disabilities (n=27) and their caregivers (n=15).

Intervention: Eight 75-minute sessions included preparing and eating a healthy snack, a nutrition game and discussion, and a guided relaxation activity.

Main Outcome Measures: PwD’s knowledge, attitudes and behaviors; and caregivers’ perceptions of PwD’s …

Reducing Reportable Hospital Acquired Pressure Injuries In The Medical Intensive Care Unit, Vallerie Push Msn, Rn, Cnl, Ccrn, Ryan Crabb Rn, Pamela D'Ambrosio Bsn, Rn, Sheryl Phino Msn, Rn, Ccrn,, Marianne Scofield Msn, Rn, Anne M. Aquila

Posters

The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to reduce the rate of reportable HAPIs/1000 patient days in the MICU by 25% from a baseline rate of 2.92/1000 patient days to a target rate of 2.19 by September 30, 2023

Search, The Jackson Laboratory

Search Magazine

No abstract provided.

Efficacy Of Vitamin D Versus Biological Agents In The Management Of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Kayli Day

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to joint destruction. There are several treatment options available to patients, including conventional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDS) and biological agents, but their efficacies vary per patient and tote significant adverse effects and cost. There is, however, encouraging evidence to suggest the incorporation of vitamin D in treatment regimens may be a promising option for patients. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and CINHAL databases, employing keywords and MeSH terms related to RA treatment options, with the goal to compare efficacy of biological agents and vitamin D in the …

Effects Of Probiotic Supplementation On Pcos Outcomes, Allison Stoeffler

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial metabolic, endocrinologic, and gynecologic condition affecting up to 5 million women in the United States. It is a disease characterized by oligo- or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovaries. Phenotypic presentation can include irregular menstrual cycles, obesity, hirsutism, insulin resistance, or difficulty conceiving. If untreated, PCOS can result in a sequelae of chronic disease burden. Current standard of care consists of metformin for blood sugar control, oral contraceptives for menstrual regularity, and spironolactone for androgen imbalance, but newer research is identifying gut dysbiosis as a possible contributing etiology to disease development and symptomology. This …

The Efficacy Of Probiotic Use In Patients With Anxiety And Depression, Joanna Mcclelland

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The gut-brain connection has become more widely researched for its impacts on anxiety and depression. This bodes the question that if the gut microbiome can be altered, would there be a decrease in symptoms of anxiety and depression as a result? One way to alter gut microbiome is to implement a prebiotic or probiotic. To determine if this is an effective treatment option for anxiety and depression, a literature review was conducted using primarily randomized clinical trials. PubMed was the primary database that was used for this research. Articles were sorted and chosen based upon applicability to the problem being …

Navigating The Future Of Healthcare: Big Data's Impetus For Inpatient Quality Enhancement, Lakyn Hyre, Brian Cox, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

This study aims to explore the impact of big data utilization on quality improvement in inpatient facilities, specifically assessing its influence on readmission rates, patient outcomes, and potential cost savings. This study utilized mixed methodologies with a literature review complemented by semi-structured interviews to gain perspectives about big data utilization on quality improvement in inpatient facilities. The Marshall University Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved the interview. This study’s conceptual framework (Figure 1) was adapted from the research framework of Yao, Chu, and Li (Yao et al., 2010). The framework displays the reasoning of and approach to big data and machine …

Rural Hospital Closures Unraveling The Socioeconomic, Healthcare Access, And Community Impact On Local Communities, Jake Lestitian-Howard, Chase Ooten, Jay Poindexter, Colette Martin, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

This study aimed to analyze the effects of rural hospital closures on employment level, economic indicators, and availability of care for communities. The research showed that rural hospital closures negatively impacted community economies and access to healthcare.

Dataset For Study: Knowledge And Beliefs About Weight Stigma (Kabaws) And Demographic Data For The University Of The Pacific Global Interprofessional Education Event, 2024, Jessica Beaudoin, Deepti Vyas, Nurit Fischer-Shemer, Jahnavi Yalamanchili

Clinical Nutrition Faculty & Staff Datasets

Weight stigma can result in negative patient outcomes and discourage healthcare seeking behaviors. Exploring weight stigma in an interprofessional education (IPE) setting can encourage multidisciplinary dialogue on providing weight-inclusive care. The objective of this paper is to describe a 4-hour Zoom-based IPE workshop related to weight stigma. The workshop featured lectures from subject matter experts interspersed with three breakout room sessions in which interprofessional teams applied the lecture content in problem-based scenarios which incorporated pictures of patient care settings, chart notes, and clinical vignettes. Breakout sessions were titled: 1.) Introduction to weight stigma using a comic strip, 2.) Identifying barriers …

Percepciones De Las Tecnologías En Los Centros De Rehabilitación Y El Efecto En El Bienestar De Los Usuarios, Según Los Profesionales De La Salud En Arica, Chile, Liam Fleck

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Physical disability is a prominent problem throughout Chile, affecting 17% of the total population (Ministerio de Desarrollo Social y Familia, 2022). In Chile, the health system has two main sectors: public and private. Each sector has different physical rehabilitation centers, which often have large differences in the resources available, such as medical technologies, which could possibly affect the quality of care their respective users receive. The objective of this study is to learn the perceptions of different medical professionals, such as kinesiologists, occupational therapists, and nurses, about the impact of these medical technologies and how it may affect their patients. …

Minimally Invasive Therapies In The Treatment Of Arthropathy, Steven Bateman

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

It is estimated that 27% of adults over 45 years of age suffer from osteoarthritis of the hip secondary to articular cartilage damage over the lifespan. Joint pain diminishes life quality, limits range of motion and overall activity, and frequently impairs basic ambulation. These functional deficits worsen the progression of comorbidities that are often referred to as lifestylerelated chronic disease as physical activity subsequently declines. This literature review explores the efficacy of minimally invasive therapies that precede and delay surgical intervention in adult patients experiencing functional limitations and pain in major joints. The study examines the effectiveness of various interventions, …

Testing A Clinic-Based Program To Reduce Risky Behaviors Among Teens, Reach Dissemination Committee, Maine, Usa

REACH: Research Evidence-to-Action for Community Health

Risky behaviors, including eating poorly, not getting enough sleep or exercise, using drugs, and not wearing a helmet or seatbelt often emerge during the teen years.

Pods: A Team-Based Approached To Reduce The Left Without Being Seen Rate In An Urban, High-Volume Emergency Department, Charis Keane Md, Daryn Brauner Msn, Amy Bobbit Rn, Nikki Campbell Bsn, April Alfano Ms

Posters

The purpose of this QI project is to evaluate the impact of the Patient-Oriented Discharge System (PODS) model, a registered nurse-provider team-based approach, on reducing the rate of LWBS in a high-volume, urban ED

Improving Pain Air Cycles With Implementation Of Evidence-Based Reassessment Strategies, Carissa Corraro Dnp (C), Bsn, Rn.

Posters

The purpose of this quality improvement project was to implement evidence-based strategies (i.e., compliance audits, educational in-services, badge reels, and Posters with QR codes) to increase compliance of oncology nurses’ documentation of pain assessments and reassessments.

Health Equity Innovation To End Clinicians’ Unconscious Bias When Caring For Emergency Department Patients, Kenneth Forte, Adam Chess, April Alfano, Keri Bill, Cheryl Green, Mary Christoffersen, Joubin Bavarian

Posters

Bridgeport Hospital has successfully improved patient care by implementing Individualized Clinical Bias Scores (ICBS) for triage nurses in our emergency department (ED). Through the use of data analysis, we identified that patients of color were being assigned less urgent acuities when presenting with the same complaints as white patients. By addressing this implicit bias and implementing a new system of ICBS for our ED Triage Nurses, we have seen a significant improvement in the equitable treatment of all patients regardless of race or ethnicity.