Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Microbiota-Directed Complementary Food Intervention In 12-18-Month-Old Bangladeshi Children Improves Linear Growth, Ishita Mostafa, Matthew C Hibberd, Steven J Hartman, Md Hasan Hafizur Rahman, Mustafa Mahfuz, S M Tafsir Hasan, Per Ashorn, Michael J Barratt, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jeffrey I Gordon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Globally, stunting affects ∼150 million children under five, while wasting affects nearly 50 million. Current interventions have had limited effectiveness in ameliorating long-term sequelae of undernutrition including stunting, cognitive deficits and immune dysfunction. Disrupted development of the gut microbiota has been linked to the pathogenesis of undernutrition, providing potentially new treatment approaches.

METHODS: 124 Bangladeshi children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) enrolled (at 12-18 months) in a previously reported 3-month RCT of a microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF-2) were followed for two years. Weight and length were monitored by anthropometry, the abundances of bacterial strains were assessed by quantifying metagenome-assembled …

Metastasectomy For Extracalvarial Renal Cell Carcinoma, Rahim Abo Kasem, Karan Joseph, Adnan Shaik, Angela Downes, M Burhan Janjua

2020-Current year OA Pubs

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Palliative surgical resection of extra-calvarial metastatic lesions from renal cell tumors is crucial for controlling metastatic spread, improving quality of life, and preventing associated morbidity. Careful surgical planning, including selective preoperative embolization and controlled resection around critical structures such as the sagittal sinus, is essential for successful outcomes. Cranioplasty with Titanium mesh and bone cement post-resection can provide symptomatic relief, better cosmesis, and overall improved quality of life.

ABSTRACT: Renal cell carcinomas are aggressive tumors with distant systemic disease. The calvarium appears to be an unusual and rare site for distant metastasis. The treatment modalities are challenging …

Migraine Headache In Patients With Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: A Report Of The Iscad Registry, Bryan J Wells, Kathryn Lindley, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a nonatherosclerotic cause of myocardial infarction. Migraine headache has been reported to be common among patients with SCAD, but the degree of migraine-related disability has not been quantified.

METHODS: Clinical data and headache variables were obtained from the baseline assessment of the prospective, multicenter iSCAD Registry. Migraine-related disability was quantified using the self-reported Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS). Demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and medical characteristics from data entry forms were compared between patients with and without migraine.

RESULTS: Of the 773 patients with available data, 46% reported previous or current migraines. Those with migraines were …

Co-Aggregation With Apolipoprotein E Modulates The Function Of Amyloid-Β In Alzheimer's Disease, Zengjie Xia, Michael R Strickland, Hong Jiang, David M Holtzman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Which isoforms of apolipoprotein E (apoE) we inherit determine our risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (AD), but the mechanism underlying this link is poorly understood. In particular, the relevance of direct interactions between apoE and amyloid-β (Aβ) remains controversial. Here, single-molecule imaging shows that all isoforms of apoE associate with Aβ in the early stages of aggregation and then fall away as fibrillation happens. ApoE-Aβ co-aggregates account for ~50% of the mass of diffusible Aβ aggregates detected in the frontal cortices of homozygotes with the higher-risk APOE4 gene. We show how dynamic interactions between apoE and Aβ tune disease-related …

Association Of Brain Arterial Diameters With Demographic And Anatomical Factors In A Multi-National Pooled Analysis Of Cohort Studies, Victor J. Del Brutto, Farid Khasiyev, Minghua Liu, Antonio Spagnolo-Allende, Ye Qiao, Jesus D. Melgarejo, Vanessa A. Guzman, Kay C. Igwe, Danurys Sanchez, Gladys E. Maestre

School of Medicine Publications

Background and purpose: Brain arterial diameters are markers of cerebrovascular disease. Demographic and anatomical factors may influence arterial diameters. We hypothesize that age, sex, height, total cranial volume (TCV), and persistent fetal posterior cerebral artery (fPCA) correlate with brain arterial diameters across populations.

Methods: Participants had a time-of-flight MRA from nine international cohorts. Arterial diameters of the cavernous internal carotid arteries (ICA), middle cerebral arteries (MCA), and basilar artery (BA) were measured using LAVA software. Regression models assessed the association between exposures and brain arterial diameters.

Results: We included 6,518 participants (mean age: 70 ± 9 years; 41% men). Unilateral …

Improving Access To Exome Sequencing In A Medically Underserved Population Through The Texome Project, Blake Vuocolo, Ryan J. German, Seema R. Lalani, Chaya N. Murali, Carlos A. Bacino, Stephanie Baskin, Rebecca Littlejohn, John D. Odom, Scott Mclean, Kent Carter

School of Medicine Publications

Purpose

Genomic medicine can end diagnostic odysseys for patients with complex phenotypes; however, limitations in insurance coverage and other systemic barriers preclude individuals from accessing comprehensive genetics evaluation and testing.

Methods

The Texome Project is a 4-year study that reduces barriers to genomic testing for individuals from underserved and underrepresented populations. Participants with undiagnosed, rare diseases who have financial barriers to obtaining exome sequencing (ES) clinically are enrolled in the Texome Project.

Results

We highlight the Texome Project process and describe the outcomes of the first 60 ES results for study participants. Participants received a genetic evaluation, ES, and return …

The 2022 Symposium On Dementia And Brain Aging In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: Highlights On Research, Diagnosis, Care, And Impact, Raj N. Kalaria, Gladys Maestre, Simin Mahinrad, Daisy Acosta, Rufus Akinyemi, Suvarna Alladi, Ricardo F. Allegri, Faheem Arshad, David Oluwasayo Babalola, Noe Garza

School of Medicine Publications

Two of every three persons living with dementia reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The projected increase in global dementia rates is expected to affect LMICs disproportionately. However, the majority of global dementia care costs occur in high-income countries (HICs), with dementia research predominantly focusing on HICs. This imbalance necessitates LMIC-focused research to ensure that characterization of dementia accurately reflects the involvement and specificities of diverse populations. Development of effective preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches for dementia in LMICs requires targeted, personalized, and harmonized efforts. Our article represents timely discussions at the 2022 Symposium on Dementia and Brain Aging …

The Internist's Post V.1 N.4, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley. School Of Medicine, Jian Garcia Cruz, Diana Othon Martinez, Edgar Dorsey Trevino, Eunbee Cho, Barbara Malaga-Espinoza, Roque Mifuji, Martha Solis, Cesar Gutierrez

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Introducing A Novel Innovative Technique For The Recording And Interpretation Of Dynamic Coronary Angiography, Thach Nguyen, Duc Khiem Ngo, Tri Loc Vu, Hien Q. Nguyen, Dat H. Pham, Mihas Kodenchery, Gianluca Rigatelli, Aravinda Nanjundappa, Michael Gibson

School of Medicine Publications

In the study of coronary artery disease (CAD), the mechanism of plaque formation and development is still an important subject for investigation. A limitation of current coronary angiography (CAG) is that it can only show static images of the narrowing of arterial channels without identifying the mechanism of the disease or predicting its progression or regression. To address this limitation, the CAG technique has been modified. The new approach emphasizes identifying and analyzing blood flow patterns, employing methodologies akin to those used by hydraulic engineers for fluid or gas movement through domestic or industrial pipes and pumps. With the new …

The Fourth Trimester: Embracing The Chaos Of The Postpartum Period, Tabitha M. Quebedeaux, Stacey Holman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Psychometric Properties Of The Positive Thinking Skills Scale Among Undergraduate Nursing Students, Ruth A. Engbers, Abir K. Bekhet, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Norah L. Johnson, Maharaj Singh

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Increasing the resilience of undergraduate nursing students is essential for the individual student's well-being and the healthcare system dealing with a looming nursing shortage. Undergraduate nursing students have reported that positive thinking and positive reframing are ways of coping with exposure to suffering, but measurement of these skills remains limited in this population. This is the first study to examine the psychometric properties of the Positive Thinking Skills Scale specifically in undergraduate nursing students and in a sample that includes students from both public and private universities. Internal consistency was demonstrated with a Chronbach's alpha of 0.824, convergent validity was …

Influence Of Eat, Sleep, And Console On Infants Pharmacologically Treated For Opioid Withdrawal: A Post Hoc Subgroup Analysis Of The Esc-Now Randomized Clinical Trial., Lori A. Devlin, Zhuopei Hu, Stephanie L. Merhar, Songthip T. Ounpraseuth, Alan E. Simon, Jeannette Y. Lee, Abhik Das, Margaret M. Crawford, Rachel G. Greenberg, P Brian Smith, Rosemary D. Higgins, Michele C. Walsh, Ward Rice, David A. Paul, Jessie R. Maxwell, Camille M. Fung, Tanner Wright, Julie Ross, Jennifer M. Mcallister, Moira Crowley, Sophie K. Shaikh, Lori Christ, Jaime Brown, Julie Riccio, Kara Wong Ramsey, Erica F. Braswell, Lauren Tucker, Karen Mcalmon, Krishna Dummula, Julie Weiner, Jessica R. White, Sarah Newman, Jessica N. Snowden, Leslie W. Young, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Nichd Neonatal Research Network And Nih Environmental Influences On Child Health Outcomes (Echo) Program Institutional Development Award States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: The function-based eat, sleep, console (ESC) care approach substantially reduces the proportion of infants who receive pharmacologic treatment for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). This reduction has led to concerns for increased postnatal opioid exposure in infants who receive pharmacologic treatment. However, the effect of the ESC care approach on hospital outcomes for infants pharmacologically treated for NOWS is currently unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in opioid exposure and total length of hospital stay (LOS) for pharmacologically treated infants managed with the ESC care approach vs usual care with the Finnegan tool.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This post hoc …

Prospective Study Of Modifiable Risk Factors Of Arterial Hypertension And Left Ventricular Hypertrophy In Pediatric Patients On Hemodialysis., Dagmara Borzych-Dużałka, Rukshana Shroff, Bruno Ranchin, Yihui Zhai, Fabio Paglialonga, Jameela A. Kari, Yo H. Ahn, Hazem S. Awad, Reyner Loza, Nakysa Hooman, Robin Ericson, Dorota Drożdz, Amrit Kaur, Sevcan A. Bakkaloglu, Charlotte Samaille, Marsha Lee, Stephanie Tellier, Julia Thumfart, Marc Fila, Bradley A. Warady, Franz Schaefer, Claus P. Schmitt

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Fluid and salt overload in patients on dialysis result in high blood pressure (BP), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and hemodynamic instability, resulting in cardiovascular morbidity.

METHODS: Analysis of 910 pediatric patients on maintenance hemodialysis/hemodiafiltration (HD/HDF), prospectively followed-up with 2758 observations recorded every 6-months in the International Pediatric Hemodialysis Network (IPHN).

RESULTS: Uncontrolled hypertension was present in 55% of observations, with 27% of patients exhibiting persistently elevated predialysis BP. Systolic and diastolic age- and height-standardized BP (BP-SDS) were independently associated with the number of antihypertensive medications (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% confidence interval 1.39-1.56, 1.36 [1.23-1.36]) and interdialytic weight …

Best Practice Of Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Gram-Negative Peritonitis In Children: Insights From The International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network Registry., Dagmara Borzych-Dużałka, Rebeca Same, Alicia Neu, Hui Kim Yap, Enrico Verrina, Sevcan A Bakkaloglu, Francisco Cano, Hiren Patel, Maria Szczepańska, Łukasz Obrycki, Ana Paula Spizzirri, Lisa Sartz, Karel Vondrak, Anabella Rebori, Gordana Milosevski-Lomic, Eugene Yu-Hin Chan, Biswanath Basu, Andrea Lazcano Pezo, Ariane Zaloszyc, Vimal Chadha, Franz Schaefer, Bradley A. Warady

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Gram-negative peritonitis (GNP) is associated with significant morbidity in children receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) and current treatment recommendations are based on limited data.

METHODS: Analysis of 379 GNP episodes in 308 children (median age 6.9 years, interquartile range [IQR]: 3.0-13.6) from 45 centers in 28 countries reported to the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network registry between 2011 and 2023.

RESULTS: Overall, 74% of episodes responded well to empiric therapy and full functional recovery (FFR) was achieved in 82% of cases. In vitro bacterial susceptibility to empiric antibiotics and lack of severe abdominal pain at onset were associated with …

Dietary Probiotic Supplement Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference In Female Sprague-Dawley Rats, Kristen Powell

Masters Theses

Substance use disorders (SUD) represent a global public health crisis with limited effective treatment options. Recent findings implicate the gut microbiome and gut/brain axis in the pathophysiology of SUDs. Several preclinical studies have established that psychostimulants alter gut microbiome composition, but no published studies have assessed behavioral effects of dietary probiotic supplements on drug-induced behavioral changes. This study utilized rodent conditioned place preference (CPP) as a behavioral index of conditioned drug reward to determine if a dietary probiotic supplement alters the behavioral effects of (+)-methamphetamine (METH). Fifty-four adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to receive either a standard rodent …

Insights From Targeted Fecal Metabolomic Analysis Reveal Altered Metabolic Pathways In Treatment-Naive Pediatric Subjects With Crohn's Disease, Nadia Ashrafi, Ali Yilmaz, Nicolette Monacelli, Rose E. Callahan, Ilyas Ustun, Nathan M. Novotny, J W. Rattray, Kypros Nicolaides, Stewart Graham

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a heterogeneous and multifactorial inflammatory bowel disease with a significant global health impact. Genetic and lifestyle factors contribute to its etiology, emphasizing dysregulation of intestinal and dietary habits. Our study aimed to identify fecal metabolites from treatment-naïve, pediatric sufferers of CD, which allowed us to investigate the underlying biochemical perturbations associated with the disease, highlighting potential, translational targets. Using a Waters Acquity UPLC coupled with a Xevo-TQ-S mass spectrometer, we quantified >500 metabolites in fecal samples (n=72) of pediatric CD sufferers. We developed diagnostic tests capable of accurately discriminating between children with CD and healthy individuals …

Polymer-Based Drug-Eluting Stent Treatment Extends The Time To Reintervention For Patients With Symptomatic Femoropopliteal Artery Disease: Clinical Evidence And Potential Economic Value, William Gray, Yoshimitsu Soga, Masahiko Fujihara, Osamu Iida, Anvar Babaev, Daizo Kawasaki, Thomas Zeller, David O'Connor, Michael Jaff, Anna Chavez, Stefan Müller-Hülsbeck

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Aim: Use long-term follow-up data from the IMPERIAL study to determine whether drug-eluting polymer-based nitinol stent treatment can delay the time to repeat intervention for femoropopliteal artery disease and how such a delay may result in cost savings in a value-based episode of care. Patients & methods: The IMPERIAL randomized controlled trial was an international study of a paclitaxel-eluting polymer-coated stent (Eluvia, Boston Scientific, MA, USA) versus a polymer-free paclitaxel-coated stent (Zilver PTX, Cook Corporation, IN, USA) for treating lesions of the femoropopliteal arterial segment. Study patients (n = 465) had symptomatic lower limb ischemia. Safety and efficacy assessments were …

Development And External Validation Of The 'Global Surgical-Site Infection' (Glossi) Predictive Model In Adult Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery, Viren P. Punja, Melanie K. Sion, Michael S. Weinstein

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: Identification of patients at high risk of surgical-site infections may allow surgeons to minimize associated morbidity. However, there are significant concerns regarding the methodological quality and transportability of models previously developed. The aim of this study was to develop a novel score to predict 30-day surgical-site infection risk after gastrointestinal surgery across a global context and externally validate against existing models. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of two prospective international cohort studies: GlobalSurg-1 (July-November 2014) and GlobalSurg-2 (January-July 2016). Consecutive adults undergoing gastrointestinal surgery were eligible. Model development was performed using GlobalSurg-2 data, with novel and previous scores …

References For Trends In Malpractice Payments And Adverse Actions Against Healthcare Providers In The State Of Colorado Between 1990–2022

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

This editorial explores the profound influence of community on personal and professional growth within the dental profession. It discusses the dynamics of social networks, highlighting their role in fostering innovation and support while cautioning against the risks of groupthink and echo chambers. Emphasizing the importance of inclusivity and diverse perspectives, the piece advocates for open dialogue and self-awareness to ensure the continued advancement and ethical integrity of dentistry.

Embracing Trauma: Informed Dental Care For Patient Well-Being, Adriana Zuniga Dds

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

Trauma-informed dental care acknowledges that patients may have past traumatic experiences affecting their reactions during appointments. By creating a supportive environment through clear communication, calm demeanor, and emotional regulation techniques, dental professionals can help patients feel safe and improve their overall experience.

A Generational Transition Is Coming, Marko Vujicic

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

This article discusses significant shifts occurring in the dental profession, highlighting the decline in solo practices and practice ownership, especially among younger dentists. It examines the rise of dental service organizations (DSOs) and factors driving these changes, such as student debt, increased diversity and evolving work-life balance preferences. The article emphasizes the need for dental associations to adapt to these trends and explores the potential opportunities for expanding dental care access and industry growth amidst these transitions.

Innovation 360: Showcasing Dentistry's Latest Advancements., Jack Nguyen Ms, Dds

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

The article recaps the new dental innovations from Biolase, Cocofloss, Dr. Jen Natural, InnoBioSurg, Prosites, and REMastered Sleep presented during the 2024 Rocky Mountain Dental Convention (RMDC) Innovation 360 course.

Unleashing The Power Of Reflective Treatment Planning, Laura Ramsey

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

This article explores how dental students at the University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine are using the practice of reflective treatment planning to prepare for life after graduation. The article also details how readers can use reflection in the their everyday practice of dentistry, case review, peer discussions and study clubs, patient feedback integration and more.

Help! We've Had An Exposure, Alyssa Aberle Mba, Rdh, Cdipc

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

This article discussed best practices for post-exposure protocol in the dental practice based on the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard.

Unlocking The Full Potential: Laser Use For Hygienists In Colorado, Joy Raskie Rdh

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

This article explores the evolution of laser use in the Colorado dental profession, highlighting significant regulatory changes that have expanded the scope of practice for dental hygienists. With comprehensive training requirements in place, hygienists now have the flexibility to perform a wide range of laser procedures, including lesion treatment, tooth desensitization, bacterial reduction and photobiomodulation. These advancements signify a transformative shift in patient care delivery, emphasizing the importance of proper training to ensure safe and effective laser use in dental practices.

Help Is On The Way, Allen Vean Dmd

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

The editorial addresses the workforce challenges in the dental profession, highlighting difficulties in recruiting hygienists and assistants. Suggestions include supporting current dental assistants in advancing their education to become hygienists and improving workplace environments to attract new employees. Initiatives such as a new accredited hygiene program at Colorado Mountain College and potential legislative changes offer hope, but patient safety and quality care must remain priorities.

Caring For Our Colleagues: A Guide For Compassionate Action, Karen Foster Dds

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

This article emphasizes the importance of prioritizing mental health in the dental profession, offering strategies for recognizing warning signs and encouraging proactive support for colleagues in distress, with resources available for assistance.

Articulator Q1 2024

Metro Denver Dental Society Articulator Magazine

This issue serves as a wrap-up of the 2024 Rocky Mountain Dental Convention (RMDC) hosted by the Metro Denver Dental Society (MDDS). Read more to learn about new dental innovation presented at RMDC, how to take compassionate action with colleagues in a mental health crisis, the importance of reflective treatment planning, post-exposure steps to take in a dental practice and more.

A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Telehealth Vs. Office-Based Delivery Of Buprenorphine At The Addiction And Substance Abuse Program (Asap) Clinic - University Of New Mexico Hospital: A Societal Perspective, Rana Alkhafaji

Pharmaceutical Sciences ETDs

This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of office-based versus telehealth delivery of buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). A retrospective chart review of 135 patients at the University of New Mexico Hospital's Addiction and Substance Abuse Program compared retention rates and costs between the two settings. Retention was defined as continuous treatment for at least six months. No statistically significant difference in retention rates was found, with 51% for office-based and 42% for telehealth. However, office-based treatment had higher total costs, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $3,750 per 1% increase in retention. The findings suggest telehealth is a cost-effective …

Inter-Institutional Analysis Of Skin Of Color Representation In Dermatological Lecture Content At Md And Do Medical Schools, Oluwafunke Oluwatosin Ogunremi

Sanford School of Medicine Posters and Presentations

The purpose of this study was to analyze the lecture materials provided in medical schools through a diversity lens. Skin pathologies manifest distinctively on various shades of skin and physicians must be equipped with the proper knowledge to identify and diagnose these conditions accurately and promptly. For most medical students, images in prominent textbooks and lecture slides are their first encounter with disease presentations. Therefore, it is important to analyze the diversity of skin tones in the content that is being delivered. Specifically, the use of images featuring darker skin tones compared to those depicting lighter skin tones. This study …