Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Improving Pulmonary Rehabilitation Utilization After Hospitalization For Copd Exacerbation, David P Adams, Thomas W. Doherty Md

USF-LVHN SELECT

No abstract provided.

Predictivity Of Preoperative Weight Loss On Comorbidity Resolution In Bariatric Patient, Abrahim Ahmed, Salvatore Docimo

USF-LVHN SELECT

No abstract provided.

Pseudocholinesterase Deficiency In Ambulatory Surgery: A Case Report., Elizabeth Johnson-Gray, Austin J Shaffer, Priyanka Pandey, Greeshma Allareddy, Matthias Franzen

Surgery Articles

Pseudocholinesterase (PCHE) deficiency is a rare condition that results in increased sensitivity to certain medications, including the paralytic agents succinylcholine and mivacurium. PCHE deficiency typically presents when patients cannot be weaned off the ventilator because of residual paralysis. These patients require mechanical ventilation and sedation until they are strong enough to be safely extubated. This report presents the case of a 53-year-old male patient whose only known surgical and anesthetic complication was post-op nausea and vomiting and who was diagnosed with PCHE deficiency after he could not be safely extubated in the operating room (OR) after a robotic inguinal hernia …

A Secondary Analysis Of The Psychological Capital And Gratitude Of High School Students In Northeast Texas, Rachel Smith, Ashlyn Peppler, Angela Preston

Honors Nursing Posters

Presented at Great Plains Honors Council (GPHC) Conference, March 7, 2025; UNT, Denton, Texas.

Effects Of The Vitality Acupunch Exercise Program On Older Adults With Probable Sarcopenia: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study, Brittany Murley, Kuei-Min Chen, Christine S. Gipson, Kevin Gosselin, Jenna Thornhill, Allison Ross, Kennedy Gladding, Beth Mastel-Smith

Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

Purpose: Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength is a highly prevalent condition in older adults in long-term care (LTC) facilities. This pilot study aimed to test the effects of a vitality acupunch (VA) exercise program on muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle endurance, functional fitness, activities of daily living, quality of life, and sleep quality of older adults in LTC facilities with probable sarcopenia in the United States and understand the experiences of residents who participated in the VA program. Design: A mixed-methods experimental design was used for this study. Methods: The quantitative phase included a sample of 27 participants …

The Clinical Phenotype Of Motor Neurone Disease In A Kenyan Hospital – Based Population, Effie Nailah Kamadi

Master of Medicine in Internal Medicine

Introduction: Motor Neurone Disease (MND) is a rare, disabling and incurable illness marked by relentless degeneration of motor neurons with loss of voluntary motor function and eventual death. In the West, patient demographics and clinical characteristics are well documented. Available African research is mostly for North, West and South Africa with a knowledge gap existing on the East African illness. This study characterized MND phenotype in a Kenyan population.

Objectives: To describe the clinical phenotype and outcomes of MND in a Kenyan hospital-based population.

Methods: The medical charts of all adult MND patients assessed at AKUHN between …

Detection Rate And Patterns Of Biochemical Recurrence Of Prostate Cancer Using 18f-Psma-1007 Pet/Ct At A Tertiary Teaching Hospital In Sub-Saharan Africa., Lynet Wairimu Barasa

Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology

Background: Rising PSA levels following local therapy with curative intent are seen in about one third of men previously treated for prostate cancer, indicative of disease recurrence. This is usually not detectable through imaging modalities like computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Several studies show high detection rates of recurrence with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, one of the novel PET imaging modalities for prostate cancer. No studies, however, have been done to show the patterns of recurrence in the Sub-Saharan African population in whom prostate cancer is known to occur earlier and be more aggressive. Biochemical recurrence almost always …

Comparison Of Positivity Rate Of Dual Phase Sestamibi Versus Dual Tracer Pertechnetate/Sestamibi In Identification Of Parathyroid Adenomas., Naomi Chirindo Chikuro

Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology

Background 

Parathyroid adenomas are the commonest cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. The primary mode of treatment is surgical excision which can only be achieved with pre surgical localization of adenomas. Ultrasound, CT and MRI can be used but the most sensitive and specific imaging modality is parathyroid scintigraphy with use of Sestamibi labelled with technetium 99 metastable radionuclide. A few studies have been done comparing dual phase, dual tracer and combined dual phase/tracer protocols with an apparent lack of consensus on which is superior.

Objectives

This study aimed to compare the positivity rates of the mentioned parathyroid scintigraphy protocols and identify …

The Prevalence And The Predictors Of Diabetes Distress In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Attending Diabetes Clinics At A Tertiary Private Hospital In Nairobi, Kenya., Soulthy Azamkhan Mohamed

Master of Medicine in Family Medicine

Background Diabetes distress encompasses a spectrum of emotional and psychological challenges faced by individuals managing diabetes, including anxiety, stress, depression, frustration, and feelings of helplessness. This distress arises from the constant demands of monitoring blood sugar levels, managing medications, adhering to dietary restrictions, engaging in regular physical activity, and navigating potential complications. Social and emotional factors such as stigma, discrimination, and concerns about future health further contribute to this burden. Factors like fear of hypoglycemia, financial strain, fluctuating blood sugar levels, anxiety about complications, and impacts on personal relationships exacerbate diabetes distress. Left unaddressed, diabetes distress can lead to poor …

Comparison Of The Use Of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange To Intravenous Immunoglobulin For Autoimmune Neurological Conditions At A Tertiary Hospital In Kenya., Swafiya Salim Busaidy

Master of Medicine in Internal Medicine

Background 

Plasma exchange (Barth et al.) and Intravenous Immunoglobulin (Barth et al.) have emerged as favored therapeutic options for autoimmune neurological conditions. Neurological conditions cause high morbidity and mortality in the sub-Saharan region. The utilization of these treatment options in Sub-Saharan Africa remains relatively unknown. We can determine the most efficient treatments with minimal cost implications by comparing the two treatment modalities in our setup.

Methods 

This retrospective descriptive chart review took place at Aga Khan University Hospital. It encompassed all patients admitted between 1st January 2011 and 31st December 2023 who had a neurological condition that necessitated treatment with …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of 18f-Fdg Pet-Ct Compared To Ultrasound In Identification Of Metastatic Axillary Lymph Nodes In Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients., Sarah Muthii Kibe

Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology

Background: Determination of axillary lymph node metastasis is a crucial part of breast cancer staging as it is the most important marker of overall recurrence and survival. Although axillary ultrasound (AUS) is the imaging reference standard, it has a wide range of sensitivity necessitating evaluation of other imaging modalities that may be used as adjuncts.18F-FDG PET-CT is recommended for use in metastatic and recurrent breast cancer with infrequent use in early disease due to its low spatial resolution for small axillary lymph nodes. The aim of this it study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of axillary ultrasound compared …

Artificial Intelligence Will Never Feel What We Feel, Michelle C. Dziurgot D.D.S.

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The editorial discusses the fundamental difference between human emotions and artificial intelligence, using "The Jetsons" character Rosie as a metaphor. While acknowledging AI's superior performance in certain tasks and its growing industry presence, the author emphasizes that AI lacks true feelings and cognitive common sense. The piece argues that while AI is a valuable tool for enhancing productivity and bridging skill gaps, it should be embraced as an aid rather than a replacement for human emotional intelligence.

Online Reviews: Myths, Tips, And Tricks, Anish Gupta D.D.S.

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Online reviews are a source of reputation marketing which are valuable to the practice of dentistry. Reviews bring patients in and provide social proof for your practice. We discuss what makes a good review, tips to get reviews, and dispel certain myths regarding online reviews.

Spotting And Responding To Health Misinformation And Disinformation, Michael J. Mcgee, Jean-Philippe Berteau

Open Educational Resources

Three one-hour lessons. In these lessons students will learn to identify health misinformation which spreads rapidly through social media, search engines, and online platforms. By generating false health news stories with AI and critically analyzing them, students will develop essential skills for public health literacy and ethical responsibility. These activities equip future health professionals with the tools to discern evidence-based information from deceptive content and provide guidance to ensure accurate and authentic communication in the field.

Structure-Function Coupling In Network Connectivity And Associations With Negative Affectivity In A Group Of Transdiagnostic Adolescents, Dana Kanel, André Zugman, Grace Stohr, Beck Scheinberg, Elise M. Cardinale, Anderson M. Winkler, Katharina Kircanski, Nathan A. Fox, Melissa A. Brotman, Julia O. Linke, Daniel Samuel Pine

School of Medicine Publications

The study of brain connectivity, both functional and structural, can inform us on the development of psychopathology. The use of multimodal MRI methods allows us to study associations between structural and functional connectivity, and how this relates to psychopathology. This may be especially useful during childhood and adolescence, a period where most forms of psychopathology manifest for the first time. The current paper explores structure-function coupling, measured through diffusion and resting-state functional MRI, and quantified as the correlation between structural and functional connectivity matrices. We investigate associations between psychopathology and coupling in a transdiagnostic group of adolescents, including many treatment-seeking …

Dementia In A Resource-Constrained Sub-Saharan African Setting: A Comprehensive Retrospective Analysis Of Prevalence, Risk Factors, And Management At The Only Neuropsychiatric Facility In Northeastern Nigeria, Ibrahim Abdu Wakawa, Umar Baba Musami, Suleiman Hamidu Kwairanga, Placidus Nwankuba Ogualili, Mohammed Yusuf Mahmood, Muhammad Abba Fugu, Mohammed Mala Gimba, Muktar Mohammed Allamin, Zaharadeen Umar Abbas, Chinedu Momoh

Brain and Mind Institute

INTRODUCTION: Dementia prevalence is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa, poten-tially due to population growth and aging. Resource-constrained settings such asNortheastern Nigeria face challenges in dementia management.

METHODS: We assessed dementia burden and management at the Federal Neuropsy-chiatric Hospital Maiduguri, the only neuropsychiatric facility in Northeastern Nigeria.This retrospective analysis included patient records from 1999 to 2023 for individuals60 year of age and older with a dementia diagnosis.

RESULTS: Of the 1216 cases reported, Alzheimer’s disease (60.5%) was the mostcommon subtype, followed by vascular dementia (24.5%). Hypertension (41.6%) wasthe most frequent comorbidity. Memory loss was present in all cases, whereasbehavioral …

Substance Use Among Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study In Kenya, Jasmit Shah, Cynthia Smith, Cyprian Mostert, Linda Khakali, Zul Merali, Sayed Karar

Brain and Mind Institute

Substance use among healthcare professionals, including alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, benzodiazepines etc., is a rising concern. The immensity of substance use is not yet clear, though recently, studies conducted on medical students and physician trainees show that 10% to 15% of all healthcare professionals misuse drugs at some point in their career, and that 6% to 8% of physicians have a substance use disorder. Substance use has a direct impact on relationships, physical health, and job performance, and is associated with depression, burnout, and decreased career satisfaction. The aim of this study was to shed light on the prevalence of substance …

The Accuracy Of Artificial Intelligence In The Diagnosis Of Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Feras Al-Obeidat, Asrar Rashid, Wael Hafez, Hayssam Gibbaoui, Gilbert Ayoub, Sokiyna Al Ameer, Arun Kumar Venkatachalapathi, Munier Gador, Surra Hassan, Mahmad Anwar Ibrahim, Nouran Hamza, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda

All Works

Introduction Soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) constitute a rare group of malignancies. Diagnostic biopsies require experts and are invasive with long diagnostic intervals. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based STS models may serve as accurate detection and categorization tools; however, their diagnostic performance remains questionable. Method The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for related studies published until January 10, 2024. Studies that developed or used AI-based models to diagnose STS were included. Results Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis. The common effects model yielded an accuracy of 0.8923 [0.8831; 0.9016], and the random effects model yielded an accuracy of 0.8524 …

Detection Of Chromosomal Mosaicism- The Importance Of Karyotyping And Fish, Allison Kalinousky, Jennifer Roberts, Madeeha Alikhan, John Herriges, Lei Zhang, Elena Repnikova

Posters

Introduction: The use of whole-exome/whole-genome sequencing for the detection of sequence-level variants and copy number variations (CNV) is increasingly being adopted as a primary testing method for genetic disease diagnosis by many institutions. Additionally, long-read sequencing is a promising technique to capture not only sequence level variants and CNVs but also structural chromosomal abnormalities. Significant progress has been achieved in this field; however, the detection of chromosomal mosaicism, including numerical gains and losses, rings, markers, and structural rearrangements – particularly those that are lineage-specific or exist at low levels – might still pose challenges with these emerging technologies. Furthermore, differentiating …

Cilostazol After Endovascular Therapy For Femoropopliteal Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Christian D. Cerecedo, Aaron Silva, Valentine S. Alia, Ana Vargas, Alejandro Garza, Omar El Shazly, Alejandro J. Candil

School of Medicine Publications

Background

Endovascular therapy (ET) outcomes for femoropopliteal peripheral arterial disease (FP-PAD) remain suboptimal. Cilostazol therapy may improve patency rates and decrease major adverse limb events after ET for FP-PAD. Our goal was to analyze published studies evaluating the use of cilostazol after ET for FP-PAD.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL for randomized and observational studies (OSs) evaluating cilostazol therapy after ET for FP-PAD. We only included OSs adjusting for confounding variables. We analyzed observational and randomized studies separately and explored heterogeneity by estimating an I2 statistic. A fixed-effects model was chosen if the I2 statistic was low. If …

Diet-Enhanced Lrg1 Expression Promotes Insulin Hypersecretion And Er Stress In Pancreatic Beta Cells, Desirae D. Morales, Jiyoon Ryu, Cong Wei, Jason T. Hadley, Juli Bai, Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga, Srinivas Mummidi, Ravi Duggirala, Jane L. Lynch, Feng Liu, Lily Q. Dong

School of Medicine Publications

Aims/hypothesis: Upregulation of serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been implicated in diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders. However, its specific hormonal actions remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether diet-enhanced serum LRG1 levels promote hyperinsulinaemia by directly stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells.

Methods: Human serum samples were obtained from individuals (both male and female) undergoing plastic surgery. Male C57BL/6 wild-type and Lrg1 whole-body knockout (Lrg1KO) mice were fed a 45% high-fat diet, with serum samples collected every 2 weeks to monitor LRG1 and insulin levels throughout diet-induced obesity. MIN6 beta cells were used to investigate the effects …

The Relationship Between Irritable Bowel Syndrome And Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review And Meta‐Analysis Of 49,662 Individuals, Yomna E. Dean, Jose J. Loayza Pintado, Samah S. Rouzan, Lucy L. Nale, Ahmed Abbas, Abdulla Aboushaira, Farah Alkasajy, Ahmed A. Ghanem, Vinayak Mahesh Patil, Yana Gordeyeva

School of Medicine Publications

Background

Studies have shown mixed results regarding the association between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and metabolic syndrome (MS); This study aimed to assess the susceptibility of IBS patients to MS and its individual components.

Methods

PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on 1/1/2023. Eligible studies were screened, and data on study characteristics, IBS diagnostic criteria, and metabolic syndrome components were extracted. Data were analysed in RevMan 5.4, with results reported as relative risk (RR) or mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was set at p <  0.05.

Results

IBS was associated with an increased risk of …

Can Targeting The Fgf23-Αklotho Signaling System Delay Phosphate-Driven Organ Damage?, Mohammed S. Razzaque, Moosa Mohammadi

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction: Inexorable high serum phosphate levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients deteriorate the functionality of the musculoskeletal, renal, and cardiovascular systems, thereby contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. Higher phosphate balance has also been correlated with increased mortality rates in individuals with normal renal function, independent of other comorbidities. Clinical and epidemiological studies of CKD patients and healthy subjects, alongside evidence of accelerated aging in murine models induced by excessive phosphate loading, indicate that phosphate toxicity is a driver of premature aging and age-related organ damage.

Area covered: This article briefly discusses the causes and consequences of phosphate toxicity …

Treatment Of Osteoporosis And Osteoarthritis In The Oldest Old, Daniel Pinto

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are key diseases of musculoskeletal ageing and are increasing in prevalence and burden with the progressively ageing population worldwide. These conditions are thus particularly common in ‘the oldest old’, and there are complexities of managing them within the context of extensive multimorbidity, physical and mental disability, and polypharmacy, the rates for all of which are high in this population. In this narrative review, we explore the epidemiology of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis in the oldest old before examining trials and real-world data relating to the pharmacological treatment of these diseases in older adults, including anti-resorptives and bone-forming agents …

A Case Of Peristomal Pyoderma Gangrenosum With Histological Features Of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum., Kelly M Kimball, Matthew J Franklin

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

No abstract provided.

Bpen: Brain Posterior Evidential Network For Trustworthy Brain Imaging Analysis, Kai Ye, Haoteng Tang, Siyuan Dai, Igor Fortel, Paul M. Thompson, R. Scott Mackin, Alex Leow, Heng Huang, Liang Zhan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The application of deep learning techniques to analyze brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data has led to significant advancements in identifying prospective biomarkers associated with various clinical phenotypes and neurological conditions. Despite these achievements, the aspect of prediction uncertainty has been relatively underexplored in brain fMRI data analysis. Accurate uncertainty estimation is essential for trustworthy learning, given the challenges associated with brain fMRI data acquisition and the potential diagnostic implications for patients. To address this gap, we introduce a novel posterior evidential network, named the Brain Posterior Evidential Network (BPEN), designed to capture both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty in …

Retreatability Of Bioceramic And Resin-Based Root Canal Sealers Using Xp Shaper Rise: An In Vitro Study, Shehabeldin Mohamed Saber Prof.Dr.

Dentistry

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate in-vitro the retreatability of premixed calcium-silicate-based sealer versus resinbased

sealer when combined with gutta-percha using the single-file system XP-endo Rise.

Materials and methods: 26 canals in typodont acrylic Nissin teeth were instrumented with E-flex blue rotary instruments up to

size 0.35mm and taper of 4%. Root canals were divided into two groups, obturated using either hydraulic condensation technique

with a bioceramic sealer (n=13) or continuous wave of compaction (CWC) technique with a resin-based sealer (n=13). The

retreatment procedure was done for both groups using the XP-endo Rise instruments. The time required …

March 2025, Swosu Rural Health Center

RURAL ROCKS

This is the March 2025 issue of Rural Rocks from the SWOSU College of Pharmacy.

Artificial Intelligence In Surgical Coding: Evaluating Large Language Models For Current Procedural Terminology Accuracy In Hand Surgery, Emily Isch, Jamie Lee, D. Mitchell Self, Abhijeet Sambangi, Theodore E. Habarth-Morales, John R. Vaile, E. J. Caterson

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: The advent of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has introduced notable advancements in various surgical disciplines. These developments have led to an increased interest in the use of LLMs for Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coding in surgery. With CPT coding being a complex and time-consuming process, often exacerbated by the scarcity of professional coders, there is a pressing need for innovative solutions to enhance coding efficiency and accuracy.

METHODS: This observational study evaluated the effectiveness of five publicly available large language models-Perplexity.AI, Bard, BingAI, ChatGPT 3.5, and ChatGPT 4.0-in accurately identifying CPT codes for hand surgery procedures. A …

Individual Liberty, Safety And Police Liabilities Under The Mental Health (Care And Treatment) Act, Gary Kok Yew Chan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

How should a society strike a balance between the objective of ensuring safety from dangers that may be posed by individuals believed to have a mental disorder and the deprivation of their liberty? How should police officers discharge their duties in apprehending such individuals with a view to conveying them to a medical practitioner at a psychiatric institution? These legal issues took centrestage in the Singapore High Court decision of Mah Kiat Seng v Attorney-General in which the apprehended individual brought claims in false imprisonment against a police officer. The decision examined the underlying purposes of the Singapore Mental Health …