Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Non-Thermal Plasma-Induced Immunogenic Cell Death In Cancer: A Topical Review., Marian Khalili, Lynsey Daniels, Abraham Lin, Fred C. Krebs, Adam E. Snook, Sander Bekeschus, Wilbur B. Bowne, Vandana Miller

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Recent advances in biomedical research in cancer immunotherapy have identified the use of an oxidative stress-based approach to treat cancers, which works by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) in cancer cells. Since the anti-cancer effects of non-thermal plasma (NTP) are largely attributed to the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that are delivered to and generated inside the target cancer cells, it is reasonable to postulate that NTP would be an effective modality for ICD induction. NTP treatment of tumors has been shown to destroy cancer cells rapidly and, under specific treatment regimens, this leads to systemic tumor-specific immunity. The translational …

Decomposing Trends In Child Obesity, Ashley Wendell Kranjac, Robert L. Wagmiller

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

We unravel the absolute level and relative prominence of two demographic processes that are relevant for childhood obesity, and that will ultimately determine the long-term course and pace of change in child obesity rates. We leverage data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to decompose change in child obesity from 1971 to 2012. We partition change into that attributable to (1) healthier, more nutritionally and economically advantaged cohorts in the population being replaced by cohorts of children who are less advantaged (between-cohort change), and (2) the health habits, nutrition, and social and economic circumstances of all cohorts of …

Perforating Granuloma Annulare Appearing As A Psoriasiform Lesion., Benjamin M Witkoff, Nedyalko N Ivanov, Shannon C Trotter

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

We present a 54-year-old Caucasian female with a history of diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, and ulcerative colitis who presented with nail dystrophy, polyarthralgia in her hands and hips, myalgia, proximal myopathy, dactylitis, and psoriasiform-appearing progressive, painful plaques on the dorsal aspect of her hands. Histologic examination of the lesion from the left index finger revealed an interstitial and necrobiotic granulomatous dermatitis with connective tissue mucin deposition associated with a perivascular lymphoid infiltrate. Additionally, there was focal transepidermal elimination of the necrobiotic material. She was diagnosed with perforating granuloma annulare (PGA). We are unaware of any other cases of PGA in …

Dentists' Attitudes Towards Chairside Medical Conditions Screening In A Dental Setting In Saudi Arabia: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study., Saba Kassim, Badr Othman, Sakher Alqahtani, Alemad Mustafa Kawthar, Sterling M Mcpherson, Barbara L. Greenberg

Touro College of Dental Medicine Publications and Research

BACKGROUND: Screening for medical conditions (MCs) of public health importance is a first step in disease prevention and control. Prior studies in the United States found oral health care providers (OHCPS) embrace screening for increased risk of medical conditions in the dental setting. Our objectives were to assess Saudi Arabian (SA) dentist's attitudes, willingness and perceived barriers towards implementing screening for MCs into their dental practices.

METHODS: A self-administered, 5-point Likert Scale (1 = very important/willing to 5 = very unimportant/unwilling) questionnaire was given to a convenience sample of 190 practicing dentists. Friedman nonparametric analysis of variance was used to …

Assessment In The Interpersonal Domain: Experiences From Empathy Assessment In Medical Education, Neville Chiavaroli

2009 - 2019 ACER Research Conferences

Frameworks for the teaching and assessment of 21st-century skills commonly recognise the importance of learning and skill development in the interpersonal domain. They also usually acknowledge the challenge of reliably and validly assessing students in this domain. In the field of medical education and in selecting students for medical courses, the concept of empathy has become central to representing the particular interpersonal understandings and skills expected of students and practising doctors. Attempts to assess these attributes during medical training are just as challenging as in school contexts. This presentation draws on several years’ experience of working with medical educators to …

Polycystic Kidney Disease, Caitlin Byrne

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Abstract

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) are two forms of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and are leading causes of end stage renal disease (Silverman, 2015). PKD can affect both children and adults and is one of the most common hereditary disorders (Silverman, 2015). A mutation on the genes PKD-1 and PKD-2 and the encoding proteins polycystin-1 and polycystin-2 is the pathophysiology behind development of PKD (Silverman, 2015). Genetic testing, renal ultrasounds, CT scans and MRI’s can all be used to help diagnosis PKD (Silverman, 2015). PKD can cause other medical complications like …

Ada News - 08/05/2019, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

What's Happening: August 5, 2019, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

The Characteristics Of Appendicoliths Associated With Acute Appendicitis, Mohammad Shoaib Khan, Mustafa Belal Hafeez Chaudhry, Noman Shahzad, Muhammad S. Khan, Maryam Wajid, Wasim Memon, Abdul Rehman Alvi

Section of General Surgery

Introduction: Differences between appendicoliths associated with appendicitis and those found incidentally have not been studied. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of appendicoliths that are associated with acute appendicitis.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients with appendicoliths identified on computed tomographic (CT) scan from January 2008 till December 2014 was conducted. Patients were divided into two group: appendicitis and appendicoliths (AA) and incidentally discovered appendicoliths (IA).
Results: Overall, 321 patients were included in the study. Of these, 103 (32%) patients were in the AA group while 218 (68%) patients were in the IA group. Both groups …

Innovative Solutions For State Medicaid Programs To Leverage Their Data, Build Their Analytic Capacity, And Create Evidence-Based Policy, Lauren Adams, Susan Kennedy, Lindsay Allen, Andrew Barnes, Tom Bias, Dushka Crane, Paul Lanier, Rachel Mauk, Shamis Mohamoud, Nathan Pauly, Jeffery C. Talbert, Cynthia Woodcock, Kara Zivin, Julie Donohue

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

As states have embraced additional flexibility to change coverage of and payment for Medicaid services, they have also faced heightened expectations for delivering high-value care. Efforts to meet these new expectations have increased the need for rigorous, evidence-based policy, but states may face challenges finding the resources, capacity, and expertise to meet this need. By describing state-university partnerships in more than 20 states, this commentary describes innovative solutions for states that want to leverage their own data, build their analytic capacity, and create evidence-based policy. From an integrated web-based system to improve long-term care to evaluating the impact of permanent …

Pcr Monitoring Of Parasitemia During Drug Treatment For Canine Chagas Disease, Chih-Ling Zao, Ya-Chin Yang, Lisa Tomanek, Anthony Cooke, Ron Berger, Lung-Chang Chien, Roy Madigan

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

To date, there is no clear standard to monitor drug treatment for canine Chagas disease. We used 2 real-time PCR (rtPCR) assays targeting Trypanosoma cruzi kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) and nuclear satellite DNA (nDNA) to detect T. cruzi in canine whole blood. Samples were collected randomly from 131 untreated dogs with unknown T. cruzi infection status in Texas. ... See full text for complete abstract.

Effective Statistical Energy Function Based Protein Un/Structure Prediction, Avdesh Mishra

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

Proteins are an important component of living organisms, composed of one or more polypeptide chains, each containing hundreds or even thousands of amino acids of 20 standard types. The structure of a protein from the sequence determines crucial functions of proteins such as initiating metabolic reactions, DNA replication, cell signaling, and transporting molecules. In the past, proteins were considered to always have a well-defined stable shape (structured proteins), however, it has recently been shown that there exist intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), which lack a fixed or ordered 3D structure, have dynamic characteristics and therefore, exist in multiple states. Based on …

Week Of August 5, 2019, New York Medical College

InTouch

• David S. Markenson, M.D., M.B.A., Is Named Director of the Center for Disaster Medicine
• Second-Year Medical Student Participates in Inaugural AAMC Leadership Conference
• Hales Lobby Gets a Makeover
• NYMC Welcomes SOM Class of 2023
• Center for Disaster Medicine Provides Mass Casualty Triage Training to NYU Langone

Epistasis In Alzheimer’S Disease: Interactions Between Clu-Ms4a4e And Wwc1-Tln2, Omoremi Hamblin

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia among people age 65 and older. Because of the complexity of this disease, many studies have taken the epistatic approach to discover underlying genetic disorders. Epistasis is the study of gene-gene interaction in which the effects of one gene mask the effects of the other gene. In this study, we attempted to replicate two earlier studies that identified three gene-gene interactions. We used the 2019 Alzheimer’s Diseases Genetics Consortium (ADGC) dataset and we conducted a logistic regression with and without the interaction terms. The interactions we considered were between CLU rs11136000 …

Higher Pro-Inflammatory Dietary Score Is Associated With Higher Hyperuricemia Risk: Results From The Case-Controlled Korean Genome And Epidemiology Study_Cardiovascular Disease Association Study, Hye Sun Kim, Minji Kwon, Yi Hyun Lee, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Cheongmin Sohn, Woori Na, Mi Kyung Kim

Faculty Publications

In previous studies, the elevated dietary inflammatory index (DII^®) scores have been consistently associated with several chronic diseases. However, the relationship with hyperuricemia remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if the DII is associated with hyperuricemia risk. The study included 13,701 participants (men 5102; women 8599) in a large-scale cross-sectional study in South Korea. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) was used to measure dietary intake, and blood samples were obtained to determine hyperuricemia. As the DII score increased, the hyperuricemia risk increased among women (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.03–1.77, p trend = …

Incidence And Prevalence Of Francisella Noatunensis Subsp. Orientalis (Fno) Pathogenic Infections In Feral Hawaiian Tilapia, Daquille Peppers

Biology Theses

Aquaculture has become a major food source for many countries and continues to grow each year. However, many of the fishes that are farmed are susceptible to pathogenic infections such as Francisellosis, a bacterial infection that contributes to disease and high mortality rate in many populations of farmed and wild fish around the world. In 1994, feral and farmed populations of tilapia (e.g. Oreochromis mossambicus) on Oahu, Hawaii were found to be infected with a novel Francisellosis strain, Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (Fno). To prevent the spread of this pathogen, the Hawaii Department of Aquaculture (HDOA) initiated …

Outcome-Driven Thresholds For Ambulatory Blood Pressure Based On The New Acc/Aha Classification Of Hypertension, Yi-Bang Cheng, Lutgarde Thijs, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Masahiro Kikuya, Wen-Yi Yang, Jesus D. Melgarejo, Gladys E. Maestre

School of Medicine Publications

The new ACC/AHA guideline reclassified office blood pressure (OBP) and proposed thresholds for ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). We derived outcome-driven ABP thresholds corresponding with the new OBP categories. We performed 24-h ABP monitoring in 11,152 participants (48.9% women; mean age 53.0 years) representative of 13 populations. We determined ABP thresholds resulting in multivariable-adjusted 10-year risks similar to those associated with elevated OBP (120/80 mm Hg) and stages 1 and 2 of office hypertension (130/80 and 140/90 mm Hg). Over 13.9 years (median), 2728 (rate per 1000 person-years, 17.9) people died, 1033 (6.8) from cardiovascular disease; furthermore, 1988 (13.8), 893 (6.0) …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 4, 2019, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 4, 2019 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's Newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

USA researchers receive Bander Award in support of pulmonary-related research

Save the Date: Pediatric Grand Rounds Aug. 16

Munn named chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology at USA College of Medicine

Sarcoma treatment provides multidisciplinary learning opportunities for residents and medical students

Diabetes, Bonsitu Hubena

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Diabetes is a serious chronic disease that can affect different body systems. There are two categories of diabetes. In Type 1 diabetes, insulin production is diminished or absent due to autoimmune attack on the beta cells in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes occurs as a result of insulin resistance due to beta cell failure. Although the cause is unknown, some of the contributing factors of diabetes include environmental, genetics, race, and family history. In addition, research has shown a significant linkage between obesity and diabetes. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that predispose individuals to diabetes as well …

Identifying Cancers For Cdk8/19 Inhibitor Therapy, Igor Roninson, Balázs Győrffy, Zachary T. Mack, Alexander A. Shtil, Michael S. Shtutman, Mengqian Chen, Eugenia Broude

Faculty Publications

CDK8 and CDK19 Mediator kinases are transcriptional co-regulators implicated in several types of cancer. Small-molecule CDK8/19 inhibitors have recently entered or are entering clinical trials, starting with breast cancer and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To identify other cancers where these novel drugs may provide benefit, we queried genomic and transcriptomic databases for potential impact of CDK8, CDK19, or their binding partner CCNC. sgRNA analysis of a panel of tumor cell lines showed that most tumor types represented in the panel, except for some central nervous system tumors, were not dependent on these genes. In contrast, analysis of clinical samples for …

Dietary Inflammatory Index And Its Relationship With Cervical Carcinogenesis Risk In Korean Women: A Case-Control Study, Sundara Raj Sreeja, Hyun Yi Lee, Minji Kwon, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert, Mi Kyung Kim

Faculty Publications

Several studies have reported that diet’s inflammatory potential is related to chronic diseases such as cancer, but its relationship with cervical cancer risk has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII^®) and cervical cancer risk among Korean women. This study consisted of 764 cases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1, 2, 3, or cervical cancer, and 729 controls from six gynecologic oncology clinics in South Korea. The DII was computed using a validated semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Odds ratios and 95% CI were calculated using multinomial …

Evaluation Of The Influence Of Additional Beam Filtration On Image Quality And Patient Dose In X-Ray Fluoroscopy Procedures, Justin Ngaile, Peter Msaki, Ramadhani Kazema, Jerome Mwimanzi, Mechris Mango

Tanzania Journal of Science

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of additional filtration on radiation dose and image quality for patients during hysterosalpingography (HSG) and retrograde urethrography (RUG) procedures. The influence of filtering on image quality for each phantom thickness was made using a combination of different filter thicknesses. Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) rates to Perspex phantom were measured using a solid state detector for various added combination of filter materials. Fluoroscopic image contrast was assessed using a Leeds TOR-18FG test object with a range of filter materials and phantom thicknesses. Phantom studies demonstrated that the use of additional …

Bacteria-Mediated Modification Of Insecticide Toxicity In The Yellow Fever Mosquito, Aedes Aegypti, Sara S. Scates, Scott T. O'Neal, Troy D. Anderson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The incidence of mosquito-borne disease poses a significant threat to human and animal health throughout the world, with effective chemical control interventions limited by widespread insecticide resistance. Recent evidence suggests that gut bacteria of mosquitoes, known to be essential in nutritional homeostasis and pathogen defense, may also play a significant role in facilitating insecticide resistance. This study investigated the extent to which bacteria contribute to the general esterase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450)-mediated detoxification of the insecticides propoxur and naled, as well as the insecticidal activity of these chemistries to the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Experiments conducted using …

Cryolipolysis: A Guide For Primary Care Practitioners, Miryam Harper, Jane H. Lassetter

Faculty Publications

A desire for the ideal body image has influenced the development of a nonsurgical body-shaping procedure known as cryolipolysis. The purpose of this clinical feature is to inform nurse practitioners about the risks and benefits of cryolipolysis so they can educate their patients. Cryolipolysis is a safe, effective method of reducing small areas of unwanted fat. Adverse effects are minimal and include pain, redness, bruising, and swelling. Results are seen within 12 weeks, but long-term effects are unknown. There are contraindications, and it is relatively expensive; however, it may be a safer option than invasive surgery.

Planning And Implementation Of Physical Therapy Services In An Athletic Training Pro-Bono Clinic: An Administrative Case Report, Tessa Wells, Scott Unruh

Posters and Presentations: Physical Therapy

Background & Purpose

Athletic Training and Physical Therapy students have overlapping, yet unique aspects of clinical competencies and scopes of practice, offering rich potential for interprofessional partnership. University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) Doctor or Physical Therapy Education expanded its program to the University of Nebraska-Kearney (UNK) campus, which boasts a Division II athletic training (AT) program. To create meaningful IPE experiences for both programs (1,2), campus leaders from the UNMC College of Allied Health Professions and UNK sought to create an interprofessional clinic by adding PT care to an existing AT-led pro-bono clinic serving the University intramural recreation community. …

Development Of A Screening Method For Drugs Of Abuse By Direct Analysis Of Dried Urine Spots Coupled To Mass Spectrometry, Melanie Goldstein

Student Theses

Fast and easy screening procedures are essential in any forensic toxicology laboratory to differentiate negative samples from presumptive positive cases. Immunoassay techniques, such as enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT), are routinely employed as screening procedures. However, these techniques lack specificity (only differentiate group of drugs and not individual compounds) and it is difficult to add new compounds to the panel. Direct analysis of dried urine spots (DUS) by mass spectrometry (MS) offers a novel strategy to overcome these issues. DUS offer an improved storage alternative for biological samples, reducing costs and space requirements. In this work, an original method to …

The Gender-Based Violence And Recovery Centre At Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa, Kenya: An Integrated Care Model For Survivors Of Sexual Violence, Marleen Temmerman, Emilomo Ogbe, Griffins Manguro, Iqbal Khandwalla, Mary Thiongo, Kishor N. Mandaliya, Lou Dierick, Markus Macgill, Peter Gichangi

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

• Sexual violence (SV) is highly prevalent and a major public health problem globally. In Kenya, an estimated 32% of females and 18% of males were reported to have experienced SV before the age of 18 years.
• This paper presents a data set collected between 2007 and 2018 and describes the gender-based violence and recovery centre (GBVRC) model under which survivors of SV were cared for at a 24-hour public hospital in Mombasa, Kenya—including its development, implementation, achievements, and challenges.
• The GBVRC model is a partnership that provides (in addition to emergency healthcare) mental health support, paralegal services, and integrated cooperation …

Humble Doctors, Healthy Patients? Exploring The Relationships Between Clinician Humility And Patient Satisfaction, Trust, And Health Status, Ho Phi Huynh, Amy Dicke-Bohmann

Psychology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Objective: In medicine, numerous commentaries implore clinicians (e.g., physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners) to display more humility. However, given the complex power dynamics between patients and clinicians, one should not presume that patients desire and appreciate humble clinicians. This paper examines the relationship between clinician humility and patient outcomes, and aims to provide empirical evidence for the significance of clinician humility.

Methods: In two studies, patients (N = 497) recalled their most recent visit to a clinician through an online survey platform (Qualtrics). Patients rated their clinician’s humility, their satisfaction and trust with their clinician, and their …

Multiple Sclerosis, Holly Hunt

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an advanced pathophysiological disease that is relevant to advanced practice nursing. It is the “most common immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system” (Olek, & Howard, 2019). The exact cause of MS is still unknown; however, it is characterized by exacerbations of neurological dysfunction due to inflammatory demyelination (Huang, Chen, & Zhang, 2017). Consequently, the treatment of MS requires a multi-disciplinary approach, with nurses at the heart of the team. Hence, an advanced practice nurse will need to be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of MS for a proper diagnosis and must …

A Background Of The Opioid Epidemic And Its Relationship To The Medicaid Expansion, Er Yearn Jang

Montview Journal of Research & Scholarship

This paper provides a background to the opioid epidemic in the United States. The opioid epidemic, a public health crisis, is perceived by the public to be caused by issues in the medical field. By providing a historical background to the epidemic, this study demonstrates that the beginnings of the opioid crisis were not only rooted in past issues within the healthcare field but in previous social misconceptions about opioids. This historical backdrop is proceeded by an examination of opioid pharmacology, which discusses what opioids are, what is currently known about opioid addiction and reviews the presently used treatments for …