Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Gait Entrainment In Coupled Oscillator Systems: Clarifying The Role Of Energy Optimization In Human Walking, Ryan T. Schroeder

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Empirical evidence suggests that parameters of human gait (e.g. step frequency, step length) tend to minimize energy expenditure. However, it is unclear if individuals can adapt to dynamic environments in real time, i.e. continuously optimize energy expenditure, and to what extent. Two coupled oscillator systems were used to test the learned interactions of individuals within dynamic environments: (1) experienced farmworkers carrying oscillating loads on a flexible bamboo pole and (2) individuals walking on a treadmill while strapped to a mechatronics oscillator system providing periodic forces to the body. Reductionist trajectory optimization models predicted energy-minimizing gait interactions within the coupled oscillator …

Effects Of High-Intensity Position-Specific Drills On Physical And Technical-Skill Performance In Young Soccer Players, Cao Cuong Le

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Soccer is the most widely played sport in the world, and physical preparation for soccer players has been extensively researched over the years. As the average intensity of a soccer match is close to 80-90% of maximal heart rate (HRmax), it is necessary to train at or above this intensity. Thus, high-intensity interval running and small-sided games are often used to improve aerobic capacity and repeated sprint ability (RSA). However, neither of these approaches consider positional variations in the frequency and type of specific technical skills required in real match situations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate …

The Effects Of Environmental Temperature On High-Intensity Interval Training, Jason R. Boynton

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Endurance athletes typically spend the large majority of training (> 70%) at low intensities (i.e. below lactate threshold) coupled with short and intermittent bouts of high-intensity exercise or interval training (HIIT). Despite HIIT being a relatively small part of training in terms of duration, it has a substantial effect on the adaptations to endurance training. While it is well-established endurance exercise performance is affected in both hot and cold environmental conditions, the effect ambient temperature (TA; frequently referred to as environmental temperature) has on HIIT as performed by an endurance athlete population is not well understood. Therefore, the overall purpose …

Determining Ground-Level Composition And Concentration Of Particulate Matter Across Regional Areas Using The Himawari-8 Satellite, Miles Sowden

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Speciated ground-level aerosol concentrations are required to understand and mitigate health impacts from dust storms, wildfires and other aerosol emissions. Globally, surface monitoring is limited due to cost and infrastructure demands. While remote sensing can help estimate respirable (i.e. ground level) concentrations, current observations are restricted by inadequate spatiotemporal resolution, uncertainty in aerosol type, particle size, and vertical profile. One key issue with current remote sensing datasets is that they are derived from reflectances observed by polar orbiting imagers, which means that aerosol is only derived during the daytime, and only once or twice per day.

Sub-hourly, infrared (IR), geostationary …

Drug Users’ Experiences Of A Residential Rehabilitation Program In Western Australia: A Thematic Analysis Of Drug Users Lived Experiences, Michelle Fullam

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

In the last decade, there has been a marked increase in the awareness of drug use and drug-related crime in Australia. As a result, the demand for drug treatment services has increased and 14 recognised government-funded services are now available in Western Australia (WA). The goal of these services is to reduce drug use through full-time intensive programs that are usually residential. This type of drug treatment has been shown to be effective in reducing drug use and promoting pro-social lives post-treatment. However, little is known of the experiences of participants in this type of treatment in WA. As such, …

Exercise And Nutrition Induced Weight Loss For Prostate Cancer Patients, Rebekah Louise Wilson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This thesis encompasses six main chapters - two reviews and four experimental chapters, in addition to a general introduction and discussion.

Review 1 (Chapter 2) is a discussion of the negative impact of obesity on prostate cancer prognosis and common prostate cancer treatments.

Review 2 (Chapter 3) is an evaluation of the current literature examining prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and how exercise and nutrition interventions can be used to induce fat loss, while preserving or improving lean mass.

Study 1 (Chapter 4) is an examination of the efficacy of a weight loss program in altering body …

Nutrition, Body Composition And Physical Activity In Malignant Pleural Disease: Associations With Patient Outcomes And Response To An Exercise Intervention, Emily Jeffery

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Background: Patients with malignant pleural disease (MPD) have advanced cancer and high symptom burden. Goals of patient care are to optimise health-related quality-of-life (HR-QoL) and participation in daily physical activities. Supportive care interventions such as nutrition and exercise could offer benefit to patients. However, there is a lack of information on the prevalence of low muscle mass (i.e., pre-sarcopenia), malnutrition, inactivity and poor physical functioning in patients with MPD. Additionally, little is known about the factors associated with development of pre-sarcopenia and malnutrition or their associations with patient outcomes.

Purpose: The objectives were to: 1) characterise physical activity levels and …

The Importance Of Telehealth In The Implementation Of Best Practice In Paediatric Burn Management By Non-Burn Specialist Clinicians, Tania Mcwilliams

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Introduction: Burns are a leading cause of injury worldwide, yet the initial assessment and management of patients following burn injury is often performed by non-burn specialist clinicians. Using the Gilbert Behaviour Engineering Model as a framework, strategies were introduced to support these clinicians. A better understanding was needed, however, of the effectiveness of these strategies, and the experiences of clinicians who provide this initial care.

Aims: This study aims to contribute new knowledge related to paediatric burn care through the evaluation of a state-wide burns telehealth program in Western Australia; specifically, develop a deeper and more relevant understanding of a …

Mechanisms Underpinning An Improvement In Dynamic Muscle Force Production Following A High-Intensity Warm-Up, Cody J. Wilson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The present research explored the mechanisms underpinning the enhancement of voluntary knee extensor torque after (1) extensive task-specific practice, and then (2) brief, intense warm-up exercise (conditioning activity; CA) as part of a complete warm-up routine. The same warm-up was completed in two Experiments (detailed below). In Experiment 1, voluntary (180⁰·s-1; T180) and electrically-evoked (isometric) knee extensor torques and electromyogram (EMG) and muscle temperature (Tm) data were recorded before and after (1) extensive task-specific practice where peak voluntary knee extensor performance was achieved, and (2) two isokinetic CAs matched for total concentric contraction time (CA60: 5 repetitions at 60⁰·s-1 vs. …

The Perceived Influence Of Grandparents’ Beliefs And Attitudes On Parents’ Breastfeeding Behaviour And Paediatric Vaccination Decisions, Shantha Premila Karthigesu

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Human infants are highly dependent on their parents for a prolonged period of time. The resources required to raise a child cannot be provided by biological parents alone and requires the assistance of others, usually relatives. Grandparents among them, have played the most significant role. With increased life expectancy in Western, educated, industrialised, rich and democratic (WEIRD) societies, grandparents have come to the forefront as informal childcare providers. Although the influence of a child’s social environment on health has been well-studied, the influence of grandparents, specifically in regard to breastfeeding remains inconclusive, while grandparental influence on paediatric vaccinations has not …

Physician Attitudes Towards-And Adoption Of-Mobile Health, Tracie Kong, Mary Morgan Scott, Yang Li, Cynthia Wichelman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Smartphone apps and mobile devices are an emerging method of healthcare data collection. This study sought to understand how physicians currently view mobile health (mHealth) technologies and use them in patient care.

METHODS: A total of 186 physicians affiliated with Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA completed a survey in 2016 regarding their current implementation of mHealth technologies for patient care and support for further development.

RESULTS: More than half of respondents were willing to discuss health apps and mobile devices with patients. However, most were not currently recommending them to patients. Apps/devices that encouraged …

2019 Hrs/Ehra/Aphrs/Lahrs Expert Consensus Statement On Catheter Ablation Of Ventricular Arrhythmias, Edmond M Cronin, Phillip Cuculich, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the …

Prognostic Impact Of Cdkn2a/B Deletion, Tert Mutation, And Egfr Amplification On Histological And Molecular Idh-Wildtype Glioblastoma, Sirui Ma, Soumon Rudra, Jian L Campian, Sonika Dahiya, Gavin P Dunn, Tanner Johanns, Michael Goldstein, Albert H Kim, Jiayi Huang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of molecular glioblastoma (mGBM) as compared to histological GBM (hGBM) and to determine the prognostic impact of

METHODS: IDH-wildtype GBM patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) between 2012 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. mGBM was defined as grade II-III IDH-wildtype astrocytoma without histological features of GBM but with one of the following molecular alterations:

RESULTS: Of the 367 eligible patients, the median follow-up was 11.7 months. mGBM and hGBM did not have significantly different OS (median: 16.6 vs 13.5 months, respectively,

CONCLUSION: Criteria for mGBM may require further refinement and validation.

Histopathologic Findings In Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Predict Response To Radiotherapy And Overall Survival, Calixto-Hope G Lucas, Harish N Vasudevan, William C Chen, Stephen T Magill, Steve E Braunstein, Line Jacques, Sonika Dahiya, Fausto J Rodriguez, Andrew E Horvai, Arie Perry, Melike Pekmezci, David R Raleigh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is an aggressive and poorly understood malignant neoplasm. Even in the setting of multimodal therapy, the clinical course of MPNST is frequently marked by metastatic conversion and poor overall prognosis, with optimal treatment paradigms for this rare tumor unknown.

METHODS: We reviewed the medical records and histopathology of 54 consecutive patients who were treated at University of California San Francisco between 1990 and 2018.

RESULTS: Our cohort consisted of 24 male and 30 female patients (median age 38 years). Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre Le Cancer (FNCLCC) sarcoma grading criteria segregated …

Perivascular Waste Metabolites Clearance In Central Nervous System (Cns), Yiming Cheng

Dissertations

Efficient clearance of interstitial waste metabolites is essential for normal brain homeostasis. Such effective clearance is hampered by the lack of a lymphatic system in the brain, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is unable to clear large size waste metabolites in the brain. Here, a novel idea that brain arterial endothelium and smooth muscle cells reactivity regulates the clearance of these water-insoluble large size waste metabolites through the perivascular dynamic exchange, and that low dose ethanol promotes this perivascular clearance is proposed.

In Aim 1, the biodistribution of a large size waste metabolite (Amyloid-β protein mimic) in rat perivascular space …

Mitochondria Imaging And Targeted Cancer Treatment, Tinghan Zhao

Dissertations

Mitochondria are essential organelles as the site of respiration in eukaryotic cells and are involved in many crucial functions in cell life. Dysfunction of mitochondrial metabolism and irregular morphology have been frequently found in human cancers. The capability of imaging mitochondria as well as regulating their microenvironment is important both scientifically and clinically. Mitochondria penetrating peptides (MPPs), certain peptides that are composed of cationic and hydrophobic amino acids, are good candidates for mitochondria targeting. Herein, a novel MPP, D-argine-phenylalanine-D-argine-phenylalanine-D-argine-phenylalanine-NH₂ (rFrFrF), is conjugated with a rhodamine-based fluorescent chromophore (TAMRA). The TAMRA-rFrFrF probe exhibits advantageous properties for long-term mitochondria tracking of …

Information Theoretic Measures For Quantifying Sequence-Ensemble Relationships Of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins, Megan C Cohan, Kiersten M Ruff, Rohit V Pappu

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) contribute to a multitude of functions. De novo design of IDPs should open the door to modulating functions and phenotypes controlled by these systems. Recent design efforts have focused on compositional biases and specific sequence patterns as the design features. Analysis of the impact of these designs on sequence-function relationships indicates that individual sequence/compositional parameters are insufficient for describing sequence-function relationships in IDPs. To remedy this problem, we have developed information theoretic measures for sequence-ensemble relationships (SERs) of IDPs. These measures rely on prior availability of statistically robust conformational ensembles derived from all atom simulations. We …

Research News. Publications, 2019. Volume 4, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy, Soumyajit Majumdar

Publications (2015-)

Publications that appeared during the period October 1 through December 31, 2019

Effectiveness Of Balloon Angioplasty And Stent Angioplasty: Wound Healing In Critically Limb Ischemic, Wisnu Pamungkas, Patrianef Darwis

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a vascular disease that has a significant amputation and mortality risk with diabetes mellitus; the most significant risk factor in CLI is prevalent among Indonesian. Endovascular intervention (EVI) is preferred in treating CLI because it is non-invasive and effective. Balloon angioplasty and stent angioplasty are the most common method of EVI in Indonesia. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of balloon angioplasty and stent angioplasty on wound healing in CLI.

Method. A cross sectional study enrolled 90 subjects of CLI who underwent endovascular intervention using balloon angioplasty dan stent angioplasty from …

Association Between The Adequacy Of Preoperative Antituberculosis Treatment With Abdominal Postoperative Morbidity And Mortality On Tuberculosis Patients, Riza El Anshori, Agi S. Putranto

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. The adequacy of tuberculosis treatment before abdominal surgery is a dilemma faced by surgeons who aims for low risk of morbidity and mortality. In addition, there is no data on morbidity and mortality post abdominal operation on TB patients in RSCM and RS Persahabatan. Therefore, this research aims to show the correlation between the adequacy of preoperative TB treatment and postoperative morbidity (fistula enterocutaneous, obstruction, and surgical site infection) and mortality.

Method. This study is a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study done in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital dan Persahabatan Hospital using total sampling method, a total of 59 subjects with …

The Role Of Melatonin In Improving Hypoxia In Malignant Tumor: A Mini-Review, Diani Kartini, Akmal Taher, Sonar S. Panigoro, Rianto Setiabudy, Sri W. Jusman, Sofia M. Haryana, Murdani Abdullah, Primariadewi Rustamadji

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Mentimun Dan Minuman Isotonik Terhadap Tingkat Dehidrasi Pada Latihan Zumba Fitness, Rizki Yudha Pratama, Imas Damayanti, Yati Ruhayati

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jus mentimun dan minuman isotonik terhadap tingkat dehidrasi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan eksperimen dengan desain penelitian cross over design. 8 orang mahasiswa keperawatan UPI 2018 berpartisipasi sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Dehydrating exercise test yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Zumba fitness selama 60 menit. Instrumen pengambilan data menggunakan Urine Refractometer Spesific Gravity dan 5 visual analog scale. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil pre-test dan post-test pada jus mentimun dan minuman isotonik terhadap tingkat dehidrasi sebesar p(0.83) dan p(1.52). Pada penilaian subjektif tidak terdapat …

Hubungan Komposisi Tubuh Dengan Kesegaran Jasmani Pada Atlet Hockey, Nandita Nury Latifah, Ani Margawati, Ayu Rahadiyanti

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Komposisi tubuh yang tidak optimal dapat menurunkan kesegaran jasmani atlet sehingga dapat terjadi penurunan performa ketika bertanding. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan persen lemak tubuh, persen massa otot, dan somatotype dengan kesegaran jasmani pada atlet hockey. Desain penelitian yaitu cross-sectional dengan jumlah subjek 35 atlet di Pelatihan Hockey Universitas Negeri Semarang dan Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta yang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Data persen lemak tubuh dan persen massa otot diukur menggunakan bioelectrical impedence analysis (BIA). Data somatotype menggunakan metode antropometri Heath-Carter dan data kesegaran jasmani berupa nilai VO2max diambil menggunakan metode Balke. Analisis data menggunakan uji Pearson, …

Efektivitas Small-Sided Games Dan Interval Training Terhadap Peningkatan Daya Tahan Aerobik Pada Pemain Sepakbola U-17, Andi Tri Arianto, Caly Setyawan

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pengaruh antara latihan small sided games (SSG) dan interval training (IT) terhadap daya tahan aerobik pemain sepakbola under-17. Sebanyak 24 pemain sepakbola U-17 yang dibagi menjadi 2 grup: grup SSG (n = 12) dan grup IT (n = 12) mengikuti program latihan selama 6 minggu. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah Yo-Yo Intermitten Recovery Test. ANAVA dua jalur digunakan untuk proses analisis data. Pemain dari kedua grup menunjukkan peningkatan yang sama pada daya tahan aerobik selama periodesasi latihan 6 minggu. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa SSG dan IT sama efektif dalam meningkatkan daya tahan aerobik …

Efektivitas Massage Frirage Dan Kombinasi Back Massage-Stretching Untuk Penyembuhan Nyeri Pinggang, Ardi Utomo, B.M. Wara Kushartanti

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan: (1) pengaruh jenis perlakuan massage frirage dan kombinasi back massage-stretching untuk penyembuhan nyeri pinggang, (2) pengaruh kondisi cedera akut dan kronis terhadap penyembuhan nyeri pinggang, dan (3) interaksi jenis perlakuan dengan kondisi cedera terhadap penyembuhan nyeri pinggang yang ditunjukkan peningkatan ROM pinggang pada pasien Physical Therapy Clinic Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (PTC FIK UNY). Penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2 x 2, dengan menggunakan tes awal dan tes akhir. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 40 orang pasien klinik PTC yang mengalami nyeri pinggang kronis maupun akut akibat aktivitas kerja yang berjenis kelamin …

Association Between Obesity And Hormone Receptor Characteristics Of Primary Breast Cancer At Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, In 2017, Hardian Gunardi, Diani Kartini

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Obesity is an independent risk factor and prognostic factor of primary breast cancer. Abundant adipose tissue would lead to increment of blood estrogen level; thus, promoting proliferation of cancer cell, especially those with positive estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). No study reported the association between obesity and hormone receptor characteristics of primary breast cancer in Indonesia.

Method. We collected cases of primary breast cancer which is diagnosed and undergone immunohistochemistry examination at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital in 2017. The subjects divided into obese group and non-obese group. The ER and PR characteristics of both groups were compared …

Correlation Between Internal Jugular Vein Tunnel Cuffed Catheter Tip Position As Hemodialysis Access With Suspected Catheter Related Bacteremia And Related Risk Factors At Rscm 2018–2019, Susatyo J. Pratomo, Akhmadu Muradi

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Infection is the main complication of prolonged–term catheter uses as hemodialysis access. The KDOQI recommends the insertion of tunnel venous hemodialysis catheter in the right internal jugular vein (IJV) where the tip placed in the right atrium and the arterial opening enfacing the mediastinum. The previous study showed that the incidence of catheter–related bacteremia (CRB) is 35% at three months' use and 54% at six months' use. The TCC tip position as hemodialysis access in left IJV is correlated more to dysfunction and infection compared to the right IJV.

Method. A cross–sectional study was conducted with 62 subjects …

Initial Experience On Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty In Persahabatan General Hospital, Jakarta: A Case Series, Moammar Ar Siregar, Hendy Mirza

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Untreated ureteropelvic junction obstruction would lead to infection and many other complications. The gold standard to treat this condition is pyeloplasty. Nowadays, laparoscopic pyeloplasty has emerged as a potential modality better than open pyeloplasty.

Method. Data retrospectively obtained from the medical records of UPJO patients at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta. The patient’s age, gender, weight, and BMI noted. Duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, and complications recorded as the intraoperative status. Length of hospital stay, pain score on the first post-operative day, time to do the daily activity, and return to work recorded as post-operative variables of this …

Bedside Thyroid Palpation Technique As Indicator For Penetration/Aspiration Risk In Stroke Patients, Yung-Chun Chi, Mu-Hung Tsai, Jerry Tsung-Kai Lin, Yi-Chen Yu, Shih-Chung Chang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Background: Bedside thyroid cartilage palpation technique is a quick and non-invasive swallowing screening test. However, the correlation between thyroid cartilage movement and penetration/aspiration risks in stroke patients has not been conclusive to date. Therefore, we compared the result of videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) and bedside thyroid cartilage palpation to determine the penetration/ aspiration risks in stroke patients. Material and methods: Our study included 53 patients admitted to a medical center for rehabilitation within 6-months of stroke onset. We recorded penetration-aspiration scale by VFSS and compared it with a bedside thyroid cartilage palpation technique. Results: Our results show significant higher rates …

Voice Disorders In Teachers, Hsin-Yu Chien, Feng-Chuan Lin, Yu-Lin Huang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Teachers have higher occupational voice demands than the general populations. In addition to speaking intensively in a noisy environment for a long period of time, the lack of vocal hygiene education and vocal training experience will lead to high-risk for developing voice disorders. Although voice disorders are not life-threatening diseases, it affects teachers in many aspects. In addition to impacting teachers' personal physical and psychological condition, it also interferes with the quality of students' learning, which then bring down teachers' teaching and life quality, and even more so on teachers' mental health and career path. In order to help teachers …