Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Characterization Of Temperature Curves In The Intensive Care Unit, Patricia Lourdes Valda Toro

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Fevers are extremely common in hospitalized patients, particularly in those admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Up to 50% of fevers in the ICU are non-infectious in origin. Yet, the development of a fever commonly prompts extensive, costly and invasive infectious workups. Patients with persistent fevers are usually treated with antimicrobials long after infectious workups prove unrevealing. While this is viewed as a ‘safe’ approach, inappropriate antibiotic use has shown to be harmful to patients – even effecting an increase in mortality – in addition to contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study is …

A Systematic Literature Review Of Video-Based Interventions To Improve Integrated Competitive Employment Skills Among Youth And Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Vidya D. Munandar, Mary E. Morningstar, Sarah R. Carlson

Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

BACKGROUND:

People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have lower employment rates than their peers without disabilities or other disabilities. Clear evidence exists regarding video-based interventions (VBIs) for improving task performance and social communication skills for students with ASD. However, such interventions have rarely been applied in integrated employment settings.

OBJECTIVE:

This systematic literature review aims to examine the utilization and efficacy of video-based interventions in improving the skills required to secure and maintain a job for youth and adults with ASD.

METHODS:

A systematic literature review was conducted on peer-reviewed articles on VBIs and ASD from electronic databases (n.d. –2019), …

Strengthening Sideline Decisions About Concussions In Youth Sports (Strides): A Mixed Methods Approach, Ann Guernon

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Background: Sport-related concussion in youth is a serious public health concern, and coaches of youth sports are frequently tasked with the role of primary decision maker about potential concussion during athletic activities.

Objective: To explore factors that influence coach decision-making about concussion in the moments during athletic activity that an injury may occur.

Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed methods study was conducted to identify coach-reported factors that influence decision-making about potential concussion and develop tools to evaluate prevention and management strategies that support coach decision-making during athletic activities. The study involved three phases: (1) semi-structured interviews with 16 coaches of …

Vitamin D Levels In Relation To Low Back Pain During Adolescence, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Abdur Rahman, Lemia Shaban, Anwar H. Albaloul, Sean Banaee, Muge Akpinar-Elci

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

This study aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level and low back pain (LBP) among adolescents while adjusting for potential confounders pertinent to this age group including the weight of school bags, BMI and physical activity. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 760 randomly selected adolescents in middle schools. Data on LBP and the risk factors for LBP were collected from parents by a self-administered questionnaire and from adolescents by face-to-face interview. Blood samples were tested in an accredited laboratory; and 25(OH)D was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem MS. The lifetime prevalence and the 6-month prevalence of LBP …

Analysis Of Personality, Suicide, And Self‐Injury In Emerging Adulthood, Amanda C. La Guardia, Robert J. Cramer, Claire N. Bryson, Kelly Emelianchik-Key

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is a maladaptive coping strategy that is of significant clinical concern for behavioral health professionals in college settings. Relationships between NSSI, acquired capability for suicide, interpersonal cognitions, and five‐factor model personality traits were assessed in a survey‐based study that included 192 young adults in a college setting. Results indicated that those with an affirmative suicide attempt history, greater acquired capability for suicide, and elevated neuroticism had an increased likelihood of lifetime NSSI.

Quality Of Life Of Adults With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury In Mainland China: A Cross-Sectional Study, Fengshui Chang, Haixia Xie, Qi Zhang, Mei Sun, Yuhui Yang, Gang Chen, Huifang Wang, Chengyue Li, Jun Lu

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with chronic spinal cord injury in mainland China.

Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: A total of 247 adults ≥ 1 year post-SCI in mainland China.

Methods: The World Health Organization (WHO) Quality of Life Scale Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) and the add-on modules on disability-related QoL (WHOQOL-DIS) were used to assess quality of life. Anxiety/depression was measured using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale. Quality of life was compared with that of reference populations from China, Korea, the international field trial (23 countries). Multivariate linear regression was conducted to determine the factors that might …

Strategies For Safe And Effective Treatment Of Patients With Alzheimer Disease, Jafar Alabdullah, Ahmed Almuntashiri

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Alzheimer disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes cognition impairment and memory loss, affecting activities in daily living. In the United States, an estimated 4.5 million people have AD and this figure is expected to reach 14 million by 2050. Because patients with AD experience a deterioration of their mental functions, patients need more help with their activities of daily living, including oral hygiene, as their AD progresses. Studies have found that individuals with AD often experience poor oral health. As advanced age is a risk factor for AD and the number of older adults in the US continues …

Factors Associated With Tobacco Smoking Among Saudi College Students: A Systematic Review, Saad A. Alotaibi, Praveen K. Durgampudi

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION There has been an increase in tobacco smoking among Saudi college students in recent years. However, no study has examined, with a systematic approach, the extent to which specific factors are associated with tobacco smoking among this population.

METHODS PubMed, ProQuest, CINAHL, and Web of Science were utilized to retrieve studies addressing risk factors associated with tobacco smoking among Saudi college students between 2010 and 2019. After confirming their eligibility criteria, studies were imported to the NVivo software for data collection and synthesis. All included articles were critically appraised, based on a modified STROBE.

RESULTS Twenty-one out of 300 …

Prenatal Perception Of Wic Breastfeeding Recommendation Affects First Month Postpartum Breastfeeding Outcomes, Qi Zhang, Lamichhane Rajan, Joanne Guthrie

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Association Between Usage Of An App To Redeem Prescribed Food Benefits And Redemption Behaviors Among The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program For Women, Infants, And Children Participants: Cross-Sectional Study, Qi Zhang, Junzhou Zhang, Kayoung Park, Chuanyi Tang

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is one of the most important food assistance programs in the United States, serving 6.4 million low-income, eligible women, infants, and children under 5 years of age in 2019. In the program, participants are prescribed a list of food benefits, which can be redeemed in WIC-authorized stores. However, there are multiple behavioral barriers in the program and the stores that prevent participants from redeeming the benefits fully.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the relationship between the use of a widely used mobile phone app, WICShopper, and the …

Ua94/6/1 Covid-19 Diary, Missy Thomas

Student/Alumni Personal Papers

COVID-19 diary submitted to WKU Archives by student Missy Thomas for fall 2020 semester.

Exploratory Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Adoptees In The Caribbean, Kelley T. Knowles

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

This qualitative research study offers exploration into Caribbean adoptee experiences related to their adoptive parent-child relationships. Existing studies focus on adoptive parent perspectives. Few accounts focus on Caribbean adoptees' experiences with adoption (Caughman, 2007). The existing research serves a purpose by helping adopted parents discuss adoption with adoptees. However, this approach does not include thevoice of the adoptee and fails to encompass the totality of adoptee lived experiences. The research does not focus on the amplification of the adoptees' voice, which in turn, neglects the adoptees' role inunderstanding their family processes. Therefore, it is pertinent to include lived experiences of …

White Marriage And Family Therapy Students’ Experiences In Diversity Courses: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Porshia Cunningham

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

American minority racial groups are on the rise and the majority racial group (White) will decrease in size (Vespa, Medina, & Armstrong, 2018). The U.S. population is becoming progressively diverse and projections indicate that by 2050, the elderly population will be 42% minority for the first time in history (U.S. Census Bureau, 2002). Racial minority experiences and needs are uniquely influenced by race due to systematic structures historically constructed in the United States (Cole, 2019; Sue, 2019). For many marriage and family therapy (MFT) students, particularly White students, the culture and diversity course is the primary mechanism for exposure to …

Can The Fut 2 Gene Variant Have An Effect On The Body Weight Of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery? - Preliminary, Exploratory Study, Natalia Komorniak, Alexandra Martynova-Van Kley, Armen Nalian, Wiktoria Wardziukiewicz, Karolina Skoniecznaa-Zydecka, Daniel Styburski, Joanna Palma, Bartosz Kowalewski, Krzysztof Kaseja, Ewa Stachowska

Faculty Publications

Background: The FUT2 gene (Se gene) encoding the enzyme α-1,2-L-fucosyltransferase 2 seems to have a significant effect on the number and type of bacteria colonizing the intestines. Methods: In a group of 19 patients after bariatric surgery, the polymorphism (rs601338) of FUT2 gene was analyzed in combination with body mass reduction, intestinal microbiome (16S RNA sequencing), and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) measurements in stools. Results: Among the secretors (Se/Se polymorphism of the FUT2 gene rs601338, carriers of GG variant), correlations between waist-hip ratio (WHR) and propionate content and an increase in Prevotella, Escherichia, Shigella, and Bacteroides were observed. On …

Current Smoking With Or Without Chronic Bronchitis Is Independently Associated With Goblet Cell Hyperplasia In Healthy Smokers And Copd Subjects, Victor Kim, Stephanie Jeong, Huaqing Zhao, Mehmet Kesimer, Richard C. Boucher, J. Michael Wells, Stephanie A. Christenson, Meilan K. Han, Mark Dransfield, Robert Paine, Christopher B. Cooper, Igor Barjaktarevic, Russell Bowler, Jeffrey L. Curtis, Robert J. Kaner, Sarah L. O'Beirne, Wanda K. O'Neal, Stephen I. Rennard, Fernando J. Martinez, Prescott G. Woodruff

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

COPD, chronic bronchitis (CB) and active smoking have all been associated with goblet cell hyperplasia (GCH) in small studies. Active smoking is strongly associated with CB, but there is a disconnect between CB clinical symptoms and pathology. Chronic cough and sputum production poorly correlate with the presence of GCH or COPD. We hypothesized that the primary determinant of GCH in ever smokers with or without airflow obstruction is active smoking. Goblet Cell Density (GCD) was measured in 71 current or former smokers [32 subjects without COPD and 39 COPD subjects]. Endobronchial mucosal biopsies were stained with Periodic Acid Schiff-Alcian Blue, …

Co-Morbidity Patterns Identified Using Latent Class Analysis Of Medications Predict All-Cause Mortality Independent Of Other Known Risk Factors: The Copdgene® Study, Yisha Li, Margaret Ragland, Erin Austin, Kendra Young, Katherine Pratte, John E. Hokanson, Terri H Beaty, Elizabeth A. Regan, Stephen I. Rennard, Christina Wern, Michael R. Jacobs, Ruth Tal-Singer, Barry J. Make, Gregory L. Kinney, Copdgene Investigators

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

PURPOSE: Medication patterns include all medications in an individual's clinical profile. We aimed to identify chronic co-morbidity treatment patterns through medication use among COPDGene participants and determine whether these patterns were associated with mortality, acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and quality of life.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants analyzed here completed Phase 1 (P1) and/or Phase 2 (P2) of COPDGene. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify medication patterns and assign individuals into unobserved LCA classes. Mortality, AECOPD, and the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) health status were compared in different LCA classes through survival analysis, logistic …

Critical Appraisal Institute For Librarians (Caifl): Lessons From The Inaugural Class, Marie Ascher, Amy Blevins, Sarah Cantrell, Deborah A. Crooke, Diana Delgado, Sarah Jewell, Joseph Nicholson, Rachel Pinotti, Abe Wheeler

NYMC Faculty Posters

CAIFL aims to enhance critical appraisal institute skills in health sciences. Many health sciences librarians. Provide evidence based medicine (EBM) training at their home institutions, mostly limited to teaching about asking and acquiring; with only a rudimentary coverage of critical appraisal of clinical information. The goal is to enhance the abilities of health sciences librarians to take EBM training to the next level; and to enhance confidence and comfort of librarians in the realm of critical appraisal.

Ua94/6/1 Covid-19 Diary, Anonymous

Student/Alumni Personal Papers

COVID-19 diary submitted to WKU Archives by student Isabelle Hobbs for fall semester 2020.

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 97, No. 1, 2020)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Neurocognitive Effects Of 12-Hour Shifts On Bedside Nurses, Caroline N. Miller

Merge

The student researcher conducted a research study to determine if there was a significant difference in the neurocognitive abilities of bedside nurses at the beginning of a 12-hour shift versus the end of the same shift. The student researcher hypothesized there was a significant difference in the neurocognitive abilities of bedside nurses at the beginning of one’s shift as compared to the end of the same shift. Conversely, the null hypothesis stated there was no significant difference in the neurocognitive abilities of bedside nurses at the beginning of one’s shift as compared to the end of the same shift. An …

2017 Statewide Child Death Report, Nevada Institute For Children's Research And Policy, Dawn L. Davidson, Elizabeth Holka

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

The purpose of this report is to provide comprehensive information regarding the circumstances by which children die in Nevada in order to prevent future child deaths and improve the health and safety of children in the state.

Investigating The Effects Of Cyppa On Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels In Sod1g93a Transgenic Mouse Model, Matthew M. Murphy

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a fatal, progressive, neurodegenerative disease. There currently is no cure for the disease and limited treatment options have modest effects. A hallmark of the disease is motoneuron degeneration. Within the membrane of motoneurons are small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. SK Channels function to mediate medium afterhyperpolarization period of an action potential and have substantial influence on the firing rate of motoneurons. SK channels, specifically SK2 and SK3 isoforms, have been shown through immunohistochemistry to be affected in the SOD1G93A mouse model. The goal of this study was to investigate whether neonatal administration of CyPPA, a potent SK2 …

Achievable Toilet Sanitation, Benjamin Goulart

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Human feces contains ten million viruses, one million bacteria, and 1,000 parasitic cysts, contributing to cholera, diarrhea, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid, polio, and various neglected tropical diseases (The Economist, 2019). Unimproved sanitation includes open defecation, shared latrines that lack privacy, or other sanitation methods with insufficient pathogen reduction of fecal material. The most affected regions are sub-Saharan Africa, Southern and Eastern Asia, Afghanistan, and Iraq (CDC, 2016). Without private toilets, girls reaching puberty are also less likely to continue school. Improved sanitation can contribute to increased human potential, human rights, and gross domestic product.

The Pulse: College Of Health Sciences E-Newsletter, Irvin B. Harrell (Editor)

Ellmer College of Health Sciences Newsletters

January 2020 issue of Old Dominion University's College of Health Sciences Newsletter.

Clean Water And Sanitation For All, Ashley Barnes

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Nurses should advocate for people around the world to have clean water and sanitation because they are essential for good health.

Do Nurse Residency Programs Better Prepare Nurses To Enter The Nursing Profession?, Faith Sinclair

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Nurse residency programs better prepare new graduate nurses to enter the nursing profession by bridging the gap from nursing school to professional nursing.

Has Malpractice Changed Nursing Practice?, Lia Barbacci

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Malpractice has positively changed nursing practice by placing responsibility and accountability on the nurses in order to protect the patients and make nurses more aware of their shortcomings.

Syringe Service Programs: A Solution To Promoting Good Health & Well Being, Amy Roth

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Syringe service programs offer crucial benefits for members and promote an overall better health and well being for society. SDG-3 is designed to promote good health and well being and syringe exchange programs (SEP) is one solution to helping achieve this goal by the year 2030.

Maximizing Effectiveness Of Palliative Radiotherapy In Terminal Cancer Patients, Sarah Bifano

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Radiation therapy is utilized to treat tumor cells with high-dose radiation. When the severity of the cancer progresses, the goal of radiation therapy becomes relief of symptoms. This is referred to as palliative radiotherapy. Palliative radiotherapy can be futile if not administered efficiently. There is a recurring question of how to achieve optimal palliative radiotherapy for patients. This research evaluates the most effective factors to optimize treatment, such as proper patient selection and effective timing. A guideline for treatment selection based upon patient performance status, severity of symptoms, progression of cancer, and metastasis of cancer is formed. The sooner a …

The Right Way To Health Care, Robert Curlee

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

This poster takes the position that health care is a human service that should be provided by need independent of ability to pay, not a commodity to be allocated as a market good based on ability to pay.