Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Relationship Between Youth Inactivity And Health, Alexis Michelle Dress-Moran

2020 Symposium Posters

As technology advances, youth engage in the sedentary lifestyle of playing computer games, leaving no time for physical activities. The purpose of this study is to prove the relationship between youth inactivity and health. The inactive behavior of adolescents has contributed to increased health issues. Among them are cardiovascular diseases, obesity, depression, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. The research data was collected in the form of secondary data from a literature review, where credible peer reviewed articles published between 2013 to 2020, and government websites were used for the study. By studying the connection of physical inactivity and the health …

Age And Functional Outcomes Post-Neurologic Insult In Patients Attending Inpatient Rehabilitation, Jonathan Bowman Spt, Elena Crooks Pt, Dpt, Phd, Doug Weeks Phd, Kimberly Honn Phd

2020 Symposium Posters

Introduction

Neurologic insults such as strokes and traumatic brain injuries (TBI) affect over 1 million Americans every year. The lack of current knowledge informing accurate prognoses causes victims and their loved ones distress, and is a focus of much research. The purpose of this study was to determine whether patient age at time of insult could predict change in functional outcomes during inpatient rehabilitation.

Methods

Subjects were patients of an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) post-stroke or TBI. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) assessed functional independence and cognitive status at admission and discharge from the IRF. The Montebello Rehabilitation Factor Score …

Effect Of Sleep Deprivation And Sleep Recovery On Heart Rate And Heart Rate Variability In Males Versus Females, Abrianna Lochner Spt, Elena Crooks Pt, Dpt, Phd, Myles Gordon Finlay Ba, Julie A. Erwin Ms, Kimberly Honn Phd

2020 Symposium Posters

Introduction

Elevated heart rate (HR) and low HR variability (HRV) are indicators of increased sympathetic tone and cardiovascular risk. Here, we assess the effect of one night of sleep deprivation and a subsequent night of recovery sleep on HR and HRV in healthy males versus females.

Methods

Fifty-nine subjects (29.5±8.5y, n=35 female) completed a 4-day/3-night laboratory study. Subjects had a baseline sleep opportunity (22:00–08:00), followed by 38h of sleep deprivation, and a recovery sleep opportunity (22:00–08:00). EKG was monitored via Holter monitors to measure HR and the pNN50 and rMMSD variables of HRV. Time points used for analyses included 09:00–09:20 …

Literature Review Of Covid-19 Biochemistry, Alexandra Allen

2020 Symposium Posters

SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for the current pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus with a genome that is 79.5% identical to SARS-CoV. The virus enters T lymphocytes using its spike protein with the human angiotension-converting enzyme 2 as its receptor. SARS-CoV-2 was found to have a unique peptide sequence that could contribute to the proteolytic cleavage of the spike protein, therefore potentially impacting host range and transmissibility. COVID-19 is diagnosed through a nasal swab SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay and the most common symptoms appear to be fever, cough, and fatigue. The median amount of time an individual will be contagious with …

Implementation Of An Educational “Boot Camp” To Increase Nurses’ Confidence, Knowledge And Use Of Evidence-Based Practice In A Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Anita S. Dahl

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Evidence-based practice (EBP) can be used to promote quality patient care, improve population health, decrease healthcare costs, improve work-life balance of health care professionals, increase job satisfaction, and decrease staff turnover. Barriers to implementing EBP include perceived lack of autonomy and authority to change patient care processes; and knowledge deficits related to EBP implementation. Limited access to research materials and inadequate leadership support also stifles implementation of EBP. The purpose of this project was to increase confidence, knowledge, and use of EBP by nurses through implementation of an intense, structured educational “Boot Camp”. A convenience sample of 27 nurses participated …

An Organizational Readiness Assessment And Patient Survey For Adoption Of An Opioid De-Escalation Protocol In Curative Oncology Patients, Adria Myers

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Since 2012, statistics illustrate an explosion in the number of Americans admittedly misusing prescription opioids which increase the risk of long-term adverse effects. By 2016, individuals admitting to taking opioids for non medical reasons exceeded eleven million and 1.9 million of these individuals met the mental health guidelines for opioid abuse. Oncology patients represent a target population with an unmet met need for opioid reduction. Goals for de-escalation or tapering opioids for non-cancer pain have gained increasing attention across healthcare. Evidence-based opioid de-escalation guidelines specific for curative oncology patients are lacking in the literature. The aim of this DNP project …

Effectiveness Of De-Escalation Training To Medical-Surgical Nurses, Tammy L. Sullivan

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Nurses are the most common victims of workplace violence and typically are not equipped deliver appropriate prevention interventions. Although most violent episodes occur in the emergency department and mental health units, violence towards nurses on the medicalsurgical units is on the rise. Patient perpetrated aggression and violence is positively correlated with poor patient outcomes and length of stay. In addition to the physical effects on the nurse, there are psychological effects that can impact their career and personal life. The direct and indirect cost for an organization includes decreased productivity, increased absenteeism, and turnover. In potentially violent situations, nurses must …

Simulation Based Learning To Increase Competency And Self-Confidence In Novice Nurses, Veronica Eubank

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

New nursing graduates lack competency and confidence in failure to rescue situations could result in failure to rescue (FTR). High-fidelity simulation (HFS) is a potential solution to ensure a controlled environment in which new graduates can practice safely and gain the knowledge they need to develop critical thinking skills. Utilizing simulation education to improve an individual’s ability to recognize deterioration early, communicate, prioritize, delegate, and provide role clarity can foster confidence and competence in new graduate nurses. The project evaluated the effectiveness of using HFS for novice nurses to increase knowledge, competency, and confidence when a patient status deteriorates. The …

Preparing For Obstetrical Emergencies In The Emergency Department, Tracy Littlehale

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Emergency Department nurses must maintain the skills to manage OB emergencies in the ED, especially in hospitals with no OB unit. Limited contact with OB patients diminishes the self-confidence, knowledge and skill of ED nurses, which may minimize their ability to recognize OB problems in a timely manner. As increasing numbers of patients with OB emergencies are expected to seek care in rural EDs due to closure of rural OB units and rising OB risk factors, maintenance of OB skills by ED nurses is critical. Simulation has been identified in the literature as an effective strategy to help nurses advance …

Development And Validity Of A Workplace Health Promotion Best Practices Assessment, Mary T. Imboden, Patricia H. Castle, Sara S. Johnson, Kristi R. Jenkins, Jennifer S. Pitts, Jessica Grossmeier, David J. Mangen, Shawn Mason, Steven P. Noeldner

Faculty Publications - Department of Kinesiology

Objective:

To explore the factor structure of the HERO Health and Well-being Best Practices Scorecard in Collaboration with Mercer (HERO Scorecard) to develop a reduced version and examine the reliability and validity of that version.

Methods:

A reduced version of the HERO Scorecard was developed through formal statistical analyses on data collected from 845 organizations that completed the original HERO Scorecard.

Results:

The final factors in the reduced Scorecard represented content pertaining to organizational and leadership support, program comprehensiveness, program integration, and incentives. All four implemented practices were found to have a strong, statistically significant effect on perceived effectiveness. Organizational …

Acute Exercise On Memory Function: Open Vs. Closed Skilled Exercise, Justin Cantrelle, Grace Burnett, Paul D. Loprinzi

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: Previous studies suggest that acute exercise may improve memory function. Few studies, however, have investigated the differential effect of the acute exercise movement patterns on memory. Such an effect is plausible, as research demonstrates that open-skilled exercise (e.g., racquetball) may have a greater effect on memory-related neurotrophins (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factors) when compared to closed-skilled exercise (e.g. treadmill exercise). A key distinction between open- and closed-skilled exercise is that open-skilled exercises are those that require an individual to react in a dynamic way to a changing, unpredictable environment. Our aim in this study was to …

Gabapentin Abuse, Tuyet-Anh Nguyen

College of Pharmacy Student Research

No abstract provided.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Kristina Krupa, Kristina Fritz, Mayur S. Parmar

HPD Articles

No abstract provided.

Iron Dextran, Sebastiano Failla, Mayur S. Parmar

HPD Articles

No abstract provided.

Prescription Drug Abuse, Olivia Ann Lauer, Laura Bray

Kentucky Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship

This informative paper analyzed the prescription drug abuse epidemic among the adolescent population through a holistic lens. The prescription drug abuse epidemic has been identified as a national and community healthcare issue due to the harmful physiological effects and alarming death rates of adolescents in the United States. Current healthcare policies by the federal government, pharmaceutical companies, and various organizations were researched to show the progress made to counteract the epidemic; and possible consequences of these newly implemented policies were reviewed and scrutinized. In response to the prescription drug abuse epidemic, a physician accountability system was proposed as a potential …

The Importance Of Early Detection For Alzheimer's Disease, Mariah Mckenzie

Kentucky Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship

More Americans are suffering from late diagnoses of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the U.S. each year. Therefore, there is a need for more access toward early detection of this disease to sustain optimal quality of life and treatments for individuals. AD is one of the leading causes of deaths and with the lack of funds for research, individuals diagnosed with AD is expected to continue to increase. Medicare, Medicaid, and National Institute of Health services are providing funds for the current issues; however, it is not enough. There are many forms of poor access to services for individuals to seek …

Combined Effects Of Telehealth And Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy For Individuals With Chronic Hemiparesis, Mary Ann Smith, Machiko R. Tomita

Occupational Therapy Collection

Telehealth use allows improved access to services and results in potential cost savings. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a combined modified Constrained Induced Movement Therapy (mCIMT) program using telehealth and in-person sessions, for participants with higher (Group 1) and lower (Group 2) functional ability of the hemiparetic upper extremity. Using a pre-experimental design with a 6-week intervention, 28 participants were assessed twice on use of upper extremity via subjective and objective measures. For the Motor Activity Log, the amount of use and quality of use were significant for Groups 1 and 2. Significant improvements …

Constituting Safety In Hunter’S Education: An Analysis Of Safety Messages In Texas Hunter’S Training Discourse, R. Tyler Spradley

International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference

Risk communication includes safety messages to reduce the likelihood of hazard and increase the likelihood of reliability. Hunter’s education in the state of Texas uses safety messages to reduce fatal or injurious incidents and to promote a positive image of hunting as a safe, leisure sport. Analysis of Texas’ hunters education training materials and messages related to safety reveals that safety messages construct an image of hunters as practicing safety first, conservationists, ethical, law abiding, and other-oriented. Given Texas safety record, much is to be learned about safety messaging that adopts a positive or ideal image that the trainee identifies.

Geographic Variation In Amputation Rates Among Patients With Diabetes And/Or Peripheral Arterial Disease In The Rural State Of West Virginia Identifies Areas For Improved Care, Samantha Danielle Minc, Brian Hendricks, Ranjita Misra, Yue Ren, Dylan Thibault, Luke Marone, Gordon Stephen Smith

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective:

Amputation is a devastating but preventable complication of diabetes and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Multiple studies have focused on disparities in amputation rates based on race and socioeconomic status, but few focus on amputation trends in rural populations. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of major and minor amputation among patients admitted with diabetes and/or PAD in a rural, Appalachian state, and to identify geographic areas with higher than expected major and minor amputations using advanced spatial analysis while controlling for comorbidities and rurality.

Methods:

Patient hospital admissions of West Virginia residents with diagnoses of …

The Significance Of Tau Aggregates In The Human Brain, Rudy J. Castellani

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Neurofibrillary degeneration has attracted the attention of neuroscientists as both a hallmark of the disease and a subject for experimentation for more than a century. Recent studies implicate phosphorylated tau (p-tau) directly in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, although the human data continue to raise questions. P-tau accumulates with age in a roughly hierarchical manner, but avoids abundance in the neocortex unless co-occurring with amyloid-β. Neurodegenerative tauopathies tend to have p-tau morphologies that differ from aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Tau isoforms (3R vs. 4R) have a tendency to vary with tauopathy phenotype for unknown reasons. Selective vulnerability to p-tau and spatial-temporal disconnect …

Prevalence Of Alcohol Use In Late Pregnancy, Amna Umer, Christa Lilly, Candice Hamilton, Aileen Baldwin, Janine Breyel, Amy Tolliver, Christina Mullins, Collin John, Stefan Maxwell

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can result in detrimental developmental complications. The objective of this study was to estimate the most recent PAE prevalence data for the state of West Virginia (WV) and associated factors.

Method

In all, 1830 newborn residual dried blood spots (DBS) in the WV Newborn Screening Repository were analyzed for phosphatidylethanol (PETH). Data were matched with Project WATCH data (94% match, N = 1729).

Results

The prevalence of late pregnancy PAE was 8.10% (95%CI: 6.81, 9.38) for all births, 7.61% (95%CI: 6.26, 8.97) for WV residents only, and ranged from 2.27 to 17.11% by region. The …

Adolescent Sjogren's Syndrome Presenting As Psychosis: A Case Series, E. K. Hammett, C. Fernandez-Carbonell, C. Crayne, A. Boneparth, R. Q. Cron, S. M. Radhakrishna

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

A Quality Improvement Project To Standardize Surfactant Delivery In The Era Of Noninvasive Ventilation., J. E. Kim, M. Brewer, R. Spinazzola, E. Wallace, J. Casatelli, J. Beachy, B. Weinberger, S. Perveen

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Diagnosis, Treatment, And Outcomes In Children With Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: A Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium Study, C. D'Alessandri-Silva, M. Carpenter, R. Ayoob, J. Barcia, A. Chishti, A. Constantinescu, K. M. Dell, J. Goodwin, C. Sethna, J. D. Mahan, +9 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© Copyright © 2020 D'Alessandri-Silva, Carpenter, Ayoob, Barcia, Chishti, Constantinescu, Dell, Goodwin, Hashmat, Iragorri, Kaspar, Mason, Misurac, Muff-Luett, Sethna, Shah, Weng, Greenbaum and Mahan. Background and Objectives: Congenital or primary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare genetic disorder that severely impairs renal concentrating ability, resulting in massive polyuria. There is limited information about prognosis or evidence guiding the management of these patients, either in the high-risk period after diagnosis, or long-term. We describe the clinical presentation, genetic etiology, treatment and renal outcomes in a large group of children (89%) and white (67%). Median age at diagnosis was 4.2 months …

Advisory Committee On Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule For Children And Adolescents Aged 18 Years Or Younger - United States, 2020, C. L. Robinson, H. Bernstein, K. Poehling, J. R. Romero, P. Szilagyi

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Epidemiological And Clinical Characteristics Of International Travelers With Enteric Fever And Antibiotic Resistance Profiles Of Their Isolates: A Geosentinel Analysis, S. H. Hagmann, K. M. Angelo, R. Huits, K. Plewes, G. Eperon, M. P. Grobusch, A. Mccarthy, M. Libman, E. Caumes, D. H. Hamer, +15 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Copyright © 2020 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) and S. enterica serovar Paratyphi (S. Paratyphi), is a common travel-related illness. Limited data are available on the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of these serovars among travelers. Records of travelers with a culture-confirmed diagnosis seen during or after travel from January 2007 to December 2018 were obtained from GeoSentinel. Traveler demographics and antimicrobial susceptibility data were analyzed. Isolates were classified as nonsusceptible if intermediate or resistant or as susceptible in accordance with the participating site’s national guidelines. A total of …

Foreword: Evaluation And Management Of Overweight And Obesity In Children And Adolescents, M. Fisher

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Functional Biology Of The Steel Syndrome Founder Allele And Evidence For Clan Genomics Derivation Of Col27a1 Pathogenic Alleles Worldwide, C. Gonzaga-Jauregui, G. Yesil, H. Nistala, A. Gezdirici, Y. Bayram, K. C. Nannuru, D. Pehlivan, B. Yuan, D. H. Tegay, J. R. Lupski, +27 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020, The Author(s). Previously we reported the identification of a homozygous COL27A1 (c.2089G>C; p.Gly697Arg) missense variant and proposed it as a founder allele in Puerto Rico segregating with Steel syndrome (STLS, MIM #615155); a rare osteochondrodysplasia characterized by short stature, congenital bilateral hip dysplasia, carpal coalitions, and scoliosis. We now report segregation of this variant in five probands from the initial clinical report defining the syndrome and an additional family of Puerto Rican descent with multiple affected adult individuals. We modeled the orthologous variant in murine Col27a1 and found it recapitulates some of the major Steel syndrome associated …

Longitudinal Changes In Health-Related Quality Of Life In Primary Glomerular Disease: Results From The Curegn Study, S. L. Murphy, J. D. Mahan, J. P. Troost, T. Srivastava, A. J. Kogon, Y. Cai, T. K. Davis, H. Fernandez, C. B. Sethna, V. Royal, +90 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020 Introduction: Prior cross-sectional studies suggest that health-related quality of life (HRQOL) worsens with more severe glomerular disease. This longitudinal analysis was conducted to assess changes in HRQOL with changing disease status. Methods: Cure Glomerulonephropathy (CureGN) is a cohort of patients with minimal change disease, focal seNorthwell Healthntal glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, IgA vasculitis, or IgA nephropathy. HRQOL was assessed at enrollment and follow-up visits 1 to 3 times annually for up to 5 years with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Global health, anxiety, and fatigue domains were measured in all; mobility was measured in children; and sleep-related …

Long-Term Neurobehavioral And Quality Of Life Outcomes Of Critically Ill Children After Glycemic Control, K. V. Biagas, V. J. Hinton, N. R. Hasbani, P. M. Luckett, D. Wypij, V. M. Nadkarni, M. S. Agus, V. Srinivasan, J. Schneider, A. Natarajan, +35 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Objectives: To investigate adaptive skills, behavior, and quality health-related quality of life in children from 32 centers enrolling in the Heart And Lung Failure-Pediatric INsulin Titration randomized controlled trial. Study design: This prospective longitudinal cohort study compared the effect of 2 tight glycemic control ranges (lower target, 80-100 mg/dL vs higher target, 150-180 mg/dL) 1-year neurobehavioral and health-related quality of life outcomes. Subjects had confirmed hyperglycemia and cardiac and/or respiratory failure. Patients aged 2-16 years old enrolled between April 2012 and September 2016 were studied at 1 year after intensive care discharge. The primary outcome, adaptive …