Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Transcriptomic Evidence That Von Economo Neurons Are Regionally Specialized Extratelencephalic-Projecting Excitatory Neurons., Rebecca D Hodge, Jeremy A Miller, Mark Novotny, Brian E Kalmbach, Jonathan T Ting, Trygve E Bakken, Brian D Aevermann, Eliza R Barkan, Madeline L Berkowitz-Cerasano, Charles Cobbs, Francisco Diez-Fuertes, Song-Lin Ding, Jamison Mccorrison, Nicholas J Schork, Soraya I Shehata, Kimberly A Smith, Susan M Sunkin, Danny N Tran, Pratap Venepally, Anna Marie Yanny, Frank J Steemers, John W Phillips, Amy Bernard, Christof Koch, Roger S Lasken, Richard H Scheuermann, Ed S Lein

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

von Economo neurons (VENs) are bipolar, spindle-shaped neurons restricted to layer 5 of human frontoinsula and anterior cingulate cortex that appear to be selectively vulnerable to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, although little is known about other VEN cellular phenotypes. Single nucleus RNA-sequencing of frontoinsula layer 5 identifies a transcriptomically-defined cell cluster that contained VENs, but also fork cells and a subset of pyramidal neurons. Cross-species alignment of this cell cluster with a well-annotated mouse classification shows strong homology to extratelencephalic (ET) excitatory neurons that project to subcerebral targets. This cluster also shows strong homology to a putative ET cluster in …

Profitability Of Large Pharmaceutical Companies Compared With Other Large Public Companies, Fred D. Ledley, Sarah Shonka Mccoy, Gregory Vaughan, Ekaterina Galkina Cleary

Natural & Applied Sciences Faculty Publications

Understanding the profitability of pharmaceutical companies is essential to formulating evidence-based policies to reduce drug costs while maintaining the industry’s ability to innovate and provide essential medicines.

Early Childhood Obesity Prevention In Rural West Virginia Extension’S Role And Lessons Learned, Emily Murphy, Elaine Bowen, Nancy O'Hara-Tompkins, Gwen Crum, Hannah Fincham, Mary Eleanor Burkhart-Polk

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

The Cooperative Extension system is uniquely positioned to lead rural community efforts to prevent obesity in early childhood. This article explores best practices in promoting healthy weights among young children and shares examples and resources relevant to Extension programming. The West Virginia (WV) Healthy Children Project aims to improve community, home, and early care and education (ECE) environments by promoting healthy eating, physical activity, outdoor play, and reduced screen time. This project primarily focuses on interventions with ECE providers serving 2-5-year-old children in three rural counties. Comprehensive assessments informed the interventions and guided Community Advisory Committees. ECE providers were trained …

03-02-2020 Hsc Committee Agenda (Revised V2), Hsc Committee

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

No abstract provided.

02-11-2020 Hsc Committee Minutes, Hsc Committee

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

No abstract provided.

Fully Automated Bone Age Assessment On Large-Scale Hand X-Ray Dataset, Xiaoyang Pan, Yizhe Zhao, Hao Chen, De Wei, Chen Zhao, Zhi Wei

Faculty Publications

Bone age assessment (BAA) is an essential topic in the clinical practice of evaluating the biological maturity of children. Because the manual method is time-consuming and prone to observer variability, it is attractive to develop computer-aided and automated methods for BAA. In this paper, we present a fully automatic BAA method. To eliminate noise in a raw X-ray image, we start with using U-Net to precisely segment hand mask image from a raw X-ray image. Even though U-Net can perform the segmentation with high precision, it needs a bigger annotated dataset. To alleviate the annotation burden, we propose to use …

Contraceptive Use Dynamics In India: A Prospective Cohort Study Of Modern Reversible Contraceptive Users, Arupendra Mozumdar, Elizabeth Tobey, Kumudha Aruldas, Rajib Acharya, Aparna Jain

Reproductive Health

This report highlights the contraceptive use dynamics among 2,699 married women in India who began using one of four reversible contraceptive methods over one year. Women aged 15-49 were enrolled into the study from Odisha and Haryana states within one month of starting their reversible method—interval intrauterine device (IUD), postpartum IUD (PPIUD), injectable contraceptive, or oral contraceptive pill (OCP)—and were interviewed at four time points: at enrollment into the study, and three, six, and 12 months after enrollment. Study findings include the quality of care received at the time of method adoption, experience and management of side effects, reasons for …

Relationships Between Survival And Habitat Suitability Of Semi- Aquatic Mammals, Isidro Barela, Leslie M. Burger, Jimmy Taylor, Kristine O. Evans, Ryo Ogawa, Lance Mcclintic, Guiming Wang

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Spatial distribution and habitat selection are integral to the study of animal ecology. Habitat selection may optimize the fitness of individuals. Hutchinsonian niche theory posits the fundamental niche of species would support the persistence or growth of populations. Although niche-based species distribution models (SDMs) and habitat suitability models (HSMs) such as maximum entropy (Maxent) have demonstrated fair to excellent predictive power, few studies have linked the prediction of HSMs to demographic rates. We aimed to test the prediction of Hutchinsonian niche theory that habitat suitability (i.e., likelihood of occurrence) would be positively related to survival of American beaver (Castor canadensis), …

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (Tens) For Pain Management In Sickle Cell Disease., Sudipta Pal, Ruchita Dixit, Soe Moe, Myron Anthony Godinho, Adinegara Bl Abas, Samir K. Ballas, Shanker Ram, Uduman Ali M. Yousuf

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease (SCD), one of the most common inherited disorders, is associated with vaso-occlusive pain episodes and haemolysis leading to recurrent morbidity, hospital admissions and work or school absenteeism. The crises are conventionally treated with opioids, non-opioids and other adjuvants with the risk of developing complications, addictions and drug-seeking behaviour. Different non-pharmacological treatments, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) have been used for managing pain in other painful conditions. Hence, the efficacy of TENS for managing pain in SCD needs to be reviewed.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the benefits and harms of TENS for managing pain in people …

Listening To Stories Of Peers With Chronic Illnesses: Extracurricular Career Exploration Activity For High School Students, Priti P. Desai, Jordan Horn

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Using achievement goal theory and positive youth development frameworks, this exploratory study reports findings of an innovative career exploration experience for high school student members of a health science academy (HSA). Students interested in healthcare careers (n = 9) completed two interactions with adolescents living with complex congenital heart defects or acquired heart disease (n = 9). Adolescents with cardiac conditions shared their medical treatment journey and life experiences with peers using Beads of Courage, a narrative medicine tool, and a journal that guided reflection. Post-interaction evaluation indicated HSA participants ranked interacting with peers with cardiac conditions as the third …

A Brief Report On A Facilitated Approach To Connect Cooperative Extension Southern Region State-Level Health Specialists, Samantha M. Harden, Lisa Washburn, Alison Berg, Ninfa Pena-Purcell, Heather Norman-Burgdolf, Nancy Franz

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Improving the nation’s health will require collaboration among many stakeholders and systems, including representatives from Cooperative Extension Services (CES). This paper describes the process of establishing a multistate collaboration and discusses initial outcomes of a third-party facilitated participatory planning meeting. State-level specialists with expertise and responsibilities in “health” promotion participated. Satisfaction with meeting format; feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the proposed approach to public health impact; and general meeting feedback were collected through a survey and cultural artifacts (e.g., notes, worksheets). Preparation and attendance costs were captured. Seventeen of the 20 attendees (85%) responded to the survey and reported the …

Full Issue, Volume 8, Number 1, Donna J. Peterson, Rich Poling

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

No abstract provided.

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Georgia Southern: Engaging Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease in Patient-Centered Outcomes Research

Fatigue In Collegiate Aviation, Flavio A. Coimbra Mendonca Ph.D., Erik Levin, Julius Keller Ph.D., Aaron Teo

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

Flight training has received little attention in fatigue research. Only transfers of knowledge gained in commercial and military aviation have been applied to general aviation without bridging the gap to the training environment. The purpose of this study was to assess collegiate aviation students’ perceptions of lifestyle and mitigation strategies related to fatigue. Participants were recruited from a Midwestern university’s accredited Part 141 flight school and a partner fixed base operator (FBO). The researchers of this study used a survey questionnaire to gather quantitative and qualitative responses. The majority of participants (68%) had logged less than 250 flight hours and …

A Dynamic Ankle Orthosis For Alleviating Mechanical Foot And Ankle Pain, Preserving Joint Motion, And Restoring Patient Function, Chloe Ly Chung

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Over two million Americans visit the doctor each year for foot and ankle pain stemming from a degenerative condition or injury. Standard of care ankle-foot orthoses have been shown to effectively manage pain symptoms of the lower limb, but they can also significantly hinder joint motion and limit function. The Dynamic Ankle Orthosis (DAO) was created with the intent to alleviate pain using an offloading mechanism without interfering with natural joint motion. This dissertation presents the development, benchtop validation, functional assessment, and clinical evaluation of this novel treatment option for patients suffering from acute and chronic foot and ankle pain.A …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - February 2, 2020, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the February 2, 2020 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• Med School Café video online: 'Sports Injuries, Treatment and Prevention'
• See how USA Health is transforming medicine in new advertising campaign
• Richards to serve as president of regional surgery organization
• Global Engagement: Improving medical education through international collaborations
• Wright receives COM Predoctoral Fellowship Award

Covid-19 Travel Restrictions - Italy, March 2, 2020, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Response to COVID-19

A memo announcing the restriction on travel to Italy.

What's Happening: March 2, 2020, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Teaching "Shock Pathophysiology" By Flipped Classroom: Views And Perspectives, Rehana Rehman, Satwat Hashmi, Rozmeen Akbar, Syeda Sadia Fatima

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Flipped classroom (FCR) is an active learning pedagogical method in which the students prepare prior to class using different modalities, for example, reading materials and videos, and afterward spend the time in class discussing the content and reinforcing the concepts. We chose to replace one problem-based case on "Shock" with flipped-style teaching in the respiration circulation module of a private medical university. Our objective was to use the clinical presentation of "Shock" to open a window to interrelate basic science concepts of cardiovascular physiology and pathology. It aimed to merge the case-based discussion with small-group discussions in the form of …

Comparing Self-Reported Medication Adherence Measures With Hair Antiretroviral Concentration Among People Living With Hiv In Guangxi, China, Quan Zhang, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Shan Qiao Ph.D., Zhiyong Shen, Yuejiao Zhou

Faculty Publications

Background: Antiretroviral adherence is essential to HIV treatment efcacy. Various self-reported measures are commonly used for assessing antiretroviral adherence. Limited data are available regarding the validity of those selfreported measures in comparison with long-term objective biomarkers of adherence measures such as hair measures.

Methods: Self-reported adherence (frequency, percentage, and visual analog scale [VAS]) and hair tenofovir concentration were evaluated at a single time point from 268 people living with HIV in China. The responses to each of three self-reported measures were converted into percentage and then dichotomized as “optimal” (100%) vs. “suboptimal” (less than 100%) adherence. Two composite adherence scores …

Ada News - 03/02/2020, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Georgia Southern's Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health secures $248,000 grant

Week Of March 2, 2020, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Dr. Mark Hasten, Philanthropist, Businessman and Touro College Chairman, Dies at 92
• Paul T. Diamond, M.D., Is Named the Catherine and Vladislav P. Hinterbuchner Professor and Chair of Rehabilitation Medicine
• Anesthesia Interest Group's Simulator Stations Workshop Provides Advanced Hands-On Training
• Mock Trial Experience as Part of a Joint Course with NYMC and Touro Law Center

Effect Of Influenza Vaccination On Mortality And Risk Of Hospitalization In Elderly Individuals With And Without Disabilities: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study, Yu-Chia Chang, Ho-Jui Tung, Yu-Tung Huang, Chin-Te Lu, Ernawaty Ernawaty, Szu-Yuan Wu

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

Purpose: The effects of influenza vaccines are unclear for elderly individuals with disabilities. We use a population-based cohort study to estimate the effects of influenza vaccines in elderly individuals with and without disabilities. Methods: Data were taken from the National Health Insurance Research Database and Disabled Population Profile of Taiwan. A total of 2,741,403 adults aged 65 or older were identified and 394,490 were people with a disability. These two groups were further divided into those who had or had not received an influenza vaccine. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to compare the relative risks (RRs) of …

Chdi Head Scientist Pacifici: ‘Hang On In The Learning Roller Coaster Ride Of Huntington's Disease Clinical Trials', Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Hidden Heroes: Tales From Caregivers, Part 4, Singapore Management University

Social Space

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to unleash its effects on a global scale, most of us are glued to the news and social media for updates, and bracing ourselves for the impact of the coronavirus on our countries, communities and families. In the face of such uncertainty, it's only normal to feel anxious and afraid. However, if you're holed up at home letting your worries and fears get the better of you, it may be time to slow down and steer yourself into a calmer headspace.

Telepsychiatry Preferences Among College Students Diagnosed And Undiagnosed With A Mental Health Condition, Wendy Schuh

Health Sciences Publications

College health and counseling centers report an increasing demand for mental health services while students continue to experience barriers such as shortage of providers, transportation, or stigma. Telepsychiatry has been established in some environments to overcome these barriers, but little research has explored an effective higher education model. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in telepsychiatry preferences among college students who have and have not been diagnosed with or treated for a mental health condition in the last year. Students (n = 537; Mage = 21 years; 71% female) at a medium-sized Midwestern university participated in a …

Aspirin Use For Primary Prevention Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Summarizing Current Evidence, Janet Lechuga

Physician Assistant Capstones

Almost everyone has heard the saying, “One size does not fit all.” This adage is especially true in medicine. Treatment options vary depending on an individual’s risk. For this reason, risk calculators were created to help medical providers apply value to each risk and modify medical management accordingly. Preventative medical management also needs to be individualized. Aspirin is one of the most well-known preventative medications prescribed for the purpose of preventing cardiovascular events. It has become so well-known that patients have started taking it without recommendations from medical providers. An estimated 48.7 million US adults are currently taking aspirin as …

Comparing The Rate Of Developing A Psychiatric Disorder Following Sexual Assault Between Adult And Pediatric Victims, Lindy Krpan

Physician Assistant Capstones

Sexual assault and abuse can leave lasting horrors on a victim, be they an adult or a child. While it has been well established that sexual abuse leaves lasting negative physiologic (obesity, heart disease, asthma) and psychiatric (depression, anxiety, suicide, heavy drinking) impressions on a victim,1 literature has not shown whether the age of a victim affects the prevalence of developing these conditions. Therefore, the question is posed, are victims of sexual assault that are minors (less than 18 years old) compared with victims that are adults (18 years of age and older) at increased risk of developing a psychiatric …

Soft Windowing Application To Improve Analysis Of High-Throughput Phenotyping Data., Hamed Haselimashhadi, Jeremy C Mason, Violeta Munoz-Fuentes, Federico López-Gómez, Kolawole Babalola, Elif F Acar, Vivek Kumar, Jacqui White, Ann M Flenniken, Ruairidh King, Ewan Straiton, John Richard Seavitt, Angelina Gaspero, Arturo Garza, Audrey E Christianson, Chih-Wei Hsu, Corey L Reynolds, Denise G Lanza, Isabel Lorenzo, Jennie R Green, Juan J Gallegos, Ritu Bohat, Rodney C Samaco, Surabi Veeraragavan, Jong Kyoung Kim, Gregor Miller, Helmult Fuchs, Lillian Garrett, Lore Becker, Yeon Kyung Kang, David Clary, Soo Young Cho, Masaru Tamura, Nobuhiko Tanaka, Kyung Dong Soo, Alexandr Bezginov, Ghina Bou About, Marie-France Champy, Laurent Vasseur, Sophie Leblanc, Hamid Meziane, Mohammed Selloum, Patrick T Reilly, Nadine Spielmann, Holger Maier, Valerie Gailus-Durner, Tania Sorg, Masuya Hiroshi, Obata Yuichi, Jason D Heaney, Mary E Dickinson, Wurst Wolfgang, Glauco P Tocchini-Valentini, Kevin C Kent Lloyd, Colin Mckerlie, Je Kyung Seong, Herault Yann, Martin Hrabé De Angelis, Steve D M Brown, Damian Smedley, Paul Flicek, Ann-Marie Mallon, Helen Parkinson, Terrence F Meehan

Faculty Research 2020

MOTIVATION: High-throughput phenomic projects generate complex data from small treatment and large control groups that increase the power of the analyses but introduce variation over time. A method is needed to utlize a set of temporally local controls that maximizes analytic power while minimizing noise from unspecified environmental factors.

RESULTS: Here we introduce 'soft windowing', a methodological approach that selects a window of time that includes the most appropriate controls for analysis. Using phenotype data from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC), adaptive windows were applied such that control data collected proximally to mutants were assigned the maximal weight, while …