Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Nepal's Response To Contain Covid-19 Infection, Rano Mal Piryani, Suneel Piryani, Jay Narayan Shah

Community Health Sciences

Nepal is a landlocked country bordering two most populous countries, India and China. Nepal shares open border with India from three sides, east, south and west. And, in north with China, where the novel coronavirus infection (CVOVID-19) began in late December 2019. The first confirmed imported case in Nepal was reported in 2nd week of January 2020. The initial response of Nepal to COVID-19 were comparably slow but country geared efforts after it was declared a 'global pandemic' by WHO on 11 March, 2020. Government of Nepal's steps from 18 March, 2020 led to partial lock down and countrywide lockdown …

Weaving Charlotte's Web: An In-Depth Guide To Cannabidiol, Lauren Pitts

Honors Theses

Cannabidiol, also known as CBD, first gathered national spotlight after Charlotte Figi and her mother Paige were able to find two physicians willing to prescribe CBD to treat Charlotte’s seizures. Charlotte suffered from Dravet Syndrome, but was able to find relief from CBD, which decreased the number and severity of her seizures. This sparked national interest and was the catalyst that lead to research and changes surrounding CBD uses and legality. Cannabidiol is a single cannabinoid that is found within the Cannabis sativa plant family—the same family that includes marijuana. This cannabinoid differs from tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and does not provide …

Research News. Grants, 2020. Volume 1, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy, Soumyajit Majumdar

Grants (2015-)

Grants and contracts awarded during January - March 2020

Week Of April 20, 2020, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Members of the SOM Class of 2020 Graduate Early and Enter the Fight Against COVID-19
• GSBMS Student Lillian Huang Makes an Impact During COVID-19 Crisis
• AOA Virtual Visiting Professor's Lecture Set for April 27

Organized Caudal Photoreceptors In The Medicinal Leech, Baylee Bancroft

Honors Theses

Visual systems are essential to an organism’s survival. There are a wide range of photosensory organs across the animal kingdom, varying by means of structure, complexity, and the way in which they transduce information. Regardless of variation, visual systems provide the organism with information regarding external stimuli based on how light interacts with surrounding matter. The medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana, is one of the many important model organisms of neurobiology as this segmented annelid possesses a relatively simple nervous system and a rudimentary visual system. The leech also exhibits a restricted range of quantifiable overt behaviors and is capable of …

Exposed Root Coverage After Soft Tissue Tumor Removal Using Two-Step Surgery Technique (Case Report), Nafhat Almisk Amer Saleh, Yousif Laith Mahmood

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

When intra-oral lesions in soft tissue reach the gingival margin, they can produce aesthetic problems during their presence and after their removal. Periodontal plastic surgery can be used in the correction of the gingival contour using many different techniques. This is a case report of a peripheral ossifying fibroma removal in the interproximal area between the maxillary left central and lateral incisors. The procedure also included the coverage of the exposed root in the affected area using two surgical stages: the first stage involved keratinized gingival tissue augmentation surgery with a free gingival graft concurrent with the removal of the …

Detection Of Van B Gene In Staphylococcus Spp. Isolated From Food In Baghdad/Iraq, Zina A.S Hadi, Mohamed F. Al-Marjani

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Seventy-three Staphylococcus spp. isolates were recovered from bacterial samples including poultry, foods, sewage, and soil. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted on all environmental isolates for Methicillin and Vancomycin. The results showed that 39 Staphylococcus spp. isolates (53.42%) were resistant to Methicillin, while 26 isolates (35.61%) were resistant to Vancomycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of Vancomycin was found to be between 2-512 µg/mL. Plasmid DNA extraction from Methicillin and Vancomycin-resistant isolates revealed that some isolates had one plasmid band. Detection of Vancomycin resistance genes (vanA and vanB) showed the presence of the vanB gene in isolate No. ESf44 with …

Betamethasone Gel Compared With Lidocaine Gel To Reduce Tracheal Tube Related Post-Operative Airway Symptoms, Mustafa Bs Atatfah, Ali H. Mosleh, Ghisan Ik Al-Adal

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: The commonest method to secure the airway in general anesthesia is the use of cuffed Endotracheal Tube (ETT). However, the recovery is often complicated by ETT-induced airway and circulatory reflexes, which can lead to potentially dangerous complications. Many studies and researches have been focused on the prevention of these emergence phenomena (EP); nevertheless, the problem is still far from a final solution. Aim: To compare the efficacy of Lidocaine gel vs. Betamethasone gel in attenuating the ETT-induced EP. Patients and methods: 51 patients chosen for elective intermediate average duration operations and classified in class 1 & 2 of the …

Anxiety In Alzheimer's Disease, Zachary Cooper

Senior Honors Theses

Researchers familiar with Alzheimer’s disease have often noted the presence of comorbid anxiety symptomatology. Likewise, the occurrence of anxiety before the development of Alzheimer’s disease has been prevalent enough to warrant attention. This review seeks to elaborate on the pathophysiology behind these two conditions, and to accentuate overlapping aspects that promote a causal relationship between these two pathologies on the macroscopic and cellular levels. Subsequent evidence will show that these pathologies are not independent of each other, and that cellular mechanisms of pathology hint at their interrelatedness. Areas requiring further research that would clarify the relationship between Clinical Anxiety and …

Measuring The ‘Dose’ Of Person-Centred Care In Aged Care: Development Of Staff And Family Questionnaires, Davina Porock, Junxin Li, Yu-Ping Chang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aims: To develop a theoretically and psychometrically sound instrument to measure the ‘dose’ of person-centred care practice in long-term care.

Background: Although person-centred care has been adopted for long-term care across the world, there is a lack of theory-based instruments to measure its impact. Two questionnaires were developed to measure person-centred care from the perspectives of staff and family based on current person-centred care frameworks: Kitwood, Nolan, and Eden Alternative.

Methods: Phase I: literature review and focus groups identified potential items for the questionnaires. Phase II: academic experts, local staff, and family members of residents assessed content validity. Phase III: …

Amending California Law To Incentivize Preceptors, Marina Nguyen

Culminating Project Papers (DNP)

Clinical preceptorship training is a unique component in medical doctors, physician assistant, and nurse practitioner's academic curriculum. Preceptors are licensed clinicians, mentor student(s) during their regular hours of employment without additional compensation. California is currently experiencing a primary care shortage crisis, and with the push to train more health care professionals to meet these shortages, there has been an increase in schools, but not enough preceptors to train new students. This shortage in preceptors is widespread throughout the United States, with many programs having difficulty securing a preceptor site to educate students (Association of American Medical Colleges, 2018).

The culminating …

Stationary Exercise Classification Using Imus And Deep Learning, Andrew M. Heroy, Zackary Gill, Samantha Sprague, David Stroud, John Santerre

SMU Data Science Review

In the current market, successful fitness tracking devices utilize heart rate and GPS to determine performance. These devices are useful, but don't extensively classify stationary exercise. This paper proposes a modern approach for tuning and investigating optimal neural network types on stationary exercises using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs). Using three IMUs located on the ankle, waist, and wrist, data is collected to map the body as it moves during the stationary physical activity. A novel five-stage deep learning tuning system was written and deployed to classify user movement as one of three classes: air squats, jumping jacks, and kettlebell swings. …

2020-04-19_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

The webpage was obtained from Michigan's Coronavirus Cumulative Data page, under the link Data About Places. Data is self-reported by hospitals daily to the EM Resource System per MDHHS Director Robert Gordon's Emergency Order.

Contains the tables Statewide Available Bed Tracking for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19 (Statewide Available PPE and Bed Tracking), as well as the table Reports of Congregate Setting Respiratory Outbreaks in 2020 by County.

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - April 19, 2020, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the April 19, 2020 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's Newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

Sridhar honored with U.S. Excellence in Public Health Award

Dr. Scaffa's Tips for Working and Studying at Home

High-Risk Pregnant Patients In The Third Trimester: Comparing Mental And Physical Health, Megan Maxwell

MSN Capstone Projects

The purpose of the paper is to compare physical and mental health in high-risk pregnant patients in their third trimester who are managed in an inpatient setting compared to an outpatient setting. This paper looks at specific high-risk pregnancy diagnoses.

2020-04-19_Michiganoverview_Covidcounts, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Confirmed Cases by Date of Onset Data

Data was captured from the Cumulative Data link of Michigan's Coronavirus webpage, under the url https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173_99207---,00.html.

The website contained the table Count of Confirmed COVID-19 Cases by Date of Onset , sorted by Michigan Preparedness Region. It also contained 18 charts, including the count of confirmed Covid-19 cases by date of onset in the state overall as well as in each preparedness region,and the normalized rate of Covid-19 cases per 1,000,000 residents in both the state and in each preparedness region.

2020-04-19_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., with COVID-19 results included as of 10 a.m.

Note on cumulative counts: This report is provisional and subject to change. As public health investigations of individual cases continue, there will be corrections to the status and details of referred cases that result in changes to this report.
Note on the deaths: Deaths must be reported by health care providers, medical examiners/coroners, and recorded by local health departments …

Executive Function As A Mediating Factor Between Visual Acuity And Postural Stability In Cognitively Healthy Adults And Adults With Alzheimer's Dementia, Susan W. Hunter, Alison Divine, Edward Madou, Humberto Omana, Keith D Hill, Andrew M Johnson, Jeffrey D Holmes, Walter Wittich

Physical Therapy Publications

BACKGROUND: Falls in older adults, notably those with Alzheimer's dementia (AD), are prevalent. Vision and balance impairments are prominent falls risk factors in older adults. However, recent literature in the cognitively impaired suggests that executive function (EF) is important for falls risk assessments. The study objectives were to: 1) to compare balance among people with AD, healthy older adults (OA), and healthy young adults (YA) and 2) to quantify the interaction of visual acuity and EF on postural stability.

METHODS: We recruited 165 individuals (51 YA, 48 OA, and 66 AD). Trail Making Tests (A and B) quantified EF and …

Asd Symptoms In Individuals: A Comparison Of Treatments, Ali Khan

BIO4960: Practicum in Biology I

Background: Research, as described in the different articles chosen for comparison, indicates that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly experience difficulties in displaying good memory, proper social communication, and doing physical activities.
Purpose: To determine and compare which treatment type—physical therapy, psychotherapy, or pharmacotherapy—is commonly used and effective for treating what specific symptom of ASD (primarily in children and adolescent diagnosed subjects that are experiencing difficulties).
Methods: 10 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2020 from different Databases, including CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE (ProQuest), and EMBASE.com, were retrieved.
Results: Thorough examination of the 10 selected studies indicate that all 4 …

Efficacy Of Glutathione Therapy In Relieving Dyspnea Associated With Covid-19 Pneumonia: A Report Of 2 Cases, Richard I. Horowtiz, Phyllis R. Freeeman, James Bruzzese

Publications and Research

Purpose: Infection with COVID-19 potentially can result in severe outcomes and death from “cytokine storm syndrome”, resulting in novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) with severe dyspnea, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), fulminant myocarditis and multiorgan dysfunction with or without disseminated intravascular coagulation. No published treatment to date has been shown to adequately control the inflammation and respiratory symptoms associated with COVID-19, apart from oxygen therapy and assisted ventilation. We evaluated the effects of using high dose oral and/or IV glutathione in the treatment of 2 patients with dyspnea secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods: Two patients living in New York City …

Engagement Of Private Healthcare Providers For Case Finding Of Tuberculosis And Diabetes Mellitus In Pakistan, Shifa Salman Habib, Sana Rafiq, Wafa Zehra Jamal, Shaikh Muhammad Ayub, Rashida Abbas Ferrand, Aamir Khan, Syed Mohammad Asad Zaidi

Community Health Sciences

Background: The rising co-epidemic of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is a challenge for constrained health systems in low and middle-income countries. Diabetes is a known risk factor for tuberculosis and associated with poor tuberculosis treatment outcomes, while tuberculosis is associated with worsening glycemic control. We investigated the performance of bi-directional TB and DM case finding approaches through a private-sector engagement model in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: Between July 2016 and July 2018, private health care providers were engaged to generate referrals for bi-directional TB and DM screening at private diagnostic and treatment centers in Karachi, Pakistan. Individuals diagnosed with …

Home Telemonitoring In Heart Failure, William Huff

MSN Capstone Projects

Heart failure (HF) exacerbation is a major source of hospitalization, mortality, and healthcare cost to home health agencies. Unmonitored accumulative fluid retention between skilled nurse visits, base knowledge deficits in HF pathophysiology and dietary restrictions, and lack of basic monitoring equipment such weighing scales are primary contributors to HF related hospitalizations in the home health setting. It has been discovered that early recognition of decompensating HF can reduce or eliminate HF related hospitalization, mortality, and healthcare costs associated with the management of exacerbation. When a patient is sent to the emergency room (ER) for fluid overload secondary to HF, massive …

Hourly Rounding: The Effects On Fall Rates In Adult Population In Acute Care Setting, Sheyla J. Pellicier Mercucci

MSN Capstone Projects

Falls are one of fourteen categories of hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) listed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (2020). Falls are costly and stressful for everyone involved; patients, families, nursing staff and physicians. According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services (2019), about seven hundred thousand to one million hospital admitted patients fall every year. The estimated cost of a fall is about fourteen thousand fifty-six dollars if an injury occurs and can extend patient’s hospital length of stay (LOS) to up to 6.3 more days (Joint Commission Center for Transforming Healthcare, 2019).

When a patient …

Critical Incident Stress Debriefing For Nurses In Emergency And Critical Care Departments, Rachel A. Davis

MSN Capstone Projects

Front-line healthcare workers such as emergency department nurses, trauma nurses, and other nurses working within intensive care services are exposed to significant trauma on the job as they care for their critically wounded and dying patients. While trauma cannot be removed from the job descriptions of such staff members, individuals and their facilities can work together to try and ensure traumatic events do not have significant, lasting effects on the mental well-being of these nurses. Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) after traumatic events in the workplace has been cited as a relatively inexpensive way to decrease the impact of negative …

Prevent The Preventable: Children With Hypertension Due To High-Sodium Diets., Shana M. Cobb

MSN Capstone Projects

Heart disease in the United States is the number one cause of death and costs $317 billion annually (Centers for Disease Control, [CDCa], 2018). Heart disease is usually considered an adult disease, but today we are finding that more children are developing symptoms of high blood pressure and sodium consumption is the link (Webb, 2017). Health care spending for hypertension is at an all-time high and is expected to triple over the next 20 years (Bussenius, Zeck, Williams, & Haynes-Ferere, 2018). The American Heart Association (AHA) states if sodium consumption was decreased to around 1,500 milligrams (mg) a day, blood …

Controlled Donation After Circulatory Death: Benchmark Study, Marilyn R. Strait

MSN Capstone Projects

Abstract

In potential organ donors after circulatory death (P), does the utilization of an evidence-based critical pathway from identification of potential donor to organ donation (I) versus no utilization of an evidence-based critical pathway (C) increase the rate of organ procurement and the satisfaction of donor families with the donation process (O)? A benchmark study was conducted to answer this question, and in short, yes, it does. The utilization of a critical pathway, when individualized to a local population and hospital’s organization increases the organ procurement rate, the donor family satisfaction with the process, and increases staff satisfaction with the …

Geriatric Medication Adherence, Heather Granados

MSN Capstone Projects

Improved patient education can lead to increased medication adherence in geriatric patients.

Emergency Department Homeless And At Risk Homeless Screening Benchmark Study, Emily Mulder

MSN Capstone Projects

Individuals experiencing homelessness drastically overutilize emergency department (ED) services compared to non-homeless individuals (Ku et al., 2014). Many unhoused individuals have serious medical and psychosocial needs, which are chronic in nature, and become exacerbated due to poor management while living on the streets (Ku et al., 2014). The health needs of such individuals would be best managed through primary care continuity. However, care coordination becomes complex when a patient does not have a physical address or knowledge of available community resources (Mitchell, León, Byrne, Lin, & Bharel, 2017). By understanding the unique barriers that homeless and at risk homeless patients …

Nurse Residency Program: A Critical Care Benchmark Project, Dana Wagner

MSN Capstone Projects

Nursing school is arguably one of the most challenging degree plans in existence. The level of professionalism and intelligence of newly graduated nurses (GNs) is exceptional, and the expectation is that they will excel in whatever field of nursing they choose. That said, navigating the theory-practice gap between school and a GN’s first job can be extremely intense, especially in specialty areas such as critical care. According to Belvins (2016), both The Joint Commission and the Institute of Medicine recognize that many GNs are not prepared for fast-paced, high-acuity healthcare environments. The recommendation is the implementation of additional education and …

Implementation Of A Patient Acuity Tool And The Impact On Nurse Satisfaction, Amber M. Denson

MSN Capstone Projects

Increased workloads contribute to nurse stress, affect nurse-patient relationships, and can ultimately lead to nurse turnover (O’Connell, Nettleton, Bunting, & Eichar, 2020). Nurse satisfaction can also be influenced by nurse-patient assignments (Allen, 2019). Implementation of a patient acuity tool (PAT) to balance workload and evenly distribute patient acuity in nurse-patient assignments can improve nurse job satisfaction, quality of care, and nurse retention (Firestone-Howard, Gonzalez, Dudjak, & Rader, 2017; Al-Dweik & Ahmad, 2019).

Discussions were held on a 20-bed medical-surgical unit in an acute care hospital with stakeholders that included the nurse manager, charge nurses and bedside nurses at staff meetings …