Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Relative Contribution Of Arms And Legs Through Repetitive Assisted Sit-To-Stand Motion In Individuals With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury, Abd Aziz Musfirah

Student Works (2020-2029)

Sit-To-Stand (SitTS) exercise is one of important prerequisites to achieve some functional independence goals in everyday life especially for individuals undergoing rehabilitation In general, the execution of SitTS in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients involves motor function in both upper and lower extremities. The use of arm support in particular is a very significant element while executing SitTS movement for SCI population. In addition, application of functional electrical stimulation (FES) onto the quadriceps muscles is one of the prescribed management for incomplete SCI to improve muscle action for simple lower limb movements. However, the relative contribution of upper and lower …

Transcriptomic Responses To Coaggregation Between Oral Bacteria, V R Mutha Naresh

Student Works (2020-2029)

Cell-cell interactions between genetically distinct oral bacteria form macroscopic clumps known as coaggregates. These interactions, termed coaggregation contribute to the formation of highly structured multispecies communities in oral cavity, known as oral biofilms. Individual species also compete and collaborate with other neighboring species through metabolic interactions allowing growth of other species by coaggregation. This study involves the mixing of selected pairs of oral bacteria to form coaggregates and quantifying differential gene expression levels in each pair in comparison with mono-species coaggregation. The dual RNA-Seq approach made it possible to see how bacteria respond to one another leading to different metabolic …

Antioxidating Effect Of Ampelocissus Sp. (Isi Nyaru) On Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Zamri Elly Zulaikha

Student Works (2020-2029)

The Ampelocissus sp. locally known as Isi Nyaru has been traditionally used by native Malaysian for medical purpose. The tuber was extracted with hexane, petroleum-ether, chloroform, methanol and water solvents. The seperation and detection of bioactive compounds were done using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) methods. The TLC results showed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenoids. While in GCMS has revealed the presence of hydrocarbon groups such as alkene, ester and ether, amino acid groups, dicarboxylic acid and cyclic aromatic compound. The total phenol content and total flavonoid content were highest in methanolic …

How Nonprofit Healthcare Organizations Differ And Compare Based On Healthcare Professional Responses, Alexia Baugniet

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

As the demand for research increases over the years, healthcare will be in demand to improve. Currently, the effects of COVID-19 are bringing many questions to light in regards to the safety protocols in place in our various healthcare systems. In our world today, healthcare must be taken seriously, and programs should be put in place to help citizens better understand healthcare guidelines and safety protocols. In attempting to discover my passion and motivation, Suffolk University provided me the resources and tools to pursue my education in relation to Healthcare Management. For this senior capstone class, the overall goal was …

Validity And Reliability Of The Antepartum Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment Instrument, Lisa Hanson, Leona Vandevusse, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Donna O. Mccarthy, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Emily Malloy, Heidi Paquette

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To examine the psychometric properties of the nine-item Antepartum Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment (AP-GI-SA) instrument.

Design

Single-group prospective design.

Setting

Urban prenatal clinic serving a diverse population.

Participants

Convenience sample of 45 pregnant women.

Methods

Participants completed the AP-GI-SA before a scheduled prenatal care appointment. We used Bayesian structural equation modeling to evaluate the construct validity of the scale and assessed known-groups validity. We assessed reliability through maximal reliability coefficient estimate and measured internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.

Results

Participants completed the instrument in 2 minutes or less. Construct validity was supported by confirmatory factor analysis (posterior predictive p …

Vasopressor Treatment And Mortality Following Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Nationwide Electronic Health Record Analysis, George Williams, Vahed Maroufy, Laila Rasmy, Derek Brown, Duo Yu, Hai Zhu, Yashar Talebi, Xueying Wang, Emy Thomas, Gen Zhu, Ashraf Yaseen, Hongyu Miao, Luis Leon Novelo, Degui Zhi, Stacia M Desantis, Hongjian Zhu, Jose-Miguel Yamal, David Aguilar, Hulin Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating cerebrovascular condition, not only due to the effect of initial hemorrhage, but also due to the complication of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). While hypertension facilitated by vasopressors is often initiated to prevent DCI, which vasopressor is most effective in improving outcomes is not known. The objective of this study was to determine associations between initial vasopressor choice and mortality in patients with nontraumatic SAH.

METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using a large, national electronic medical record data set from 2000-2014 to identify patients with a new diagnosis of nontraumatic SAH …

Using The Engaging Parents In Education For Discharge (EPed) Ipad Application To Improve Parent Discharge Experience, Stacee M. Lerret, Norah L. Johnson, Michele Polfuss, Marianne E. Weiss, Karen Gralton, Carol Klingbeil, Cori A. Gibson, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed, Riddhiman Adib, Rachel Unteutsch, Louis Pawela, Rosemary White-Traut, Kathleen J. Sawin

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the Engaging Parents in Education for Discharge (ePED) iPad application on parent experiences of hospital discharge teaching and care coordination. Hypotheses were: parents exposed to discharge teaching using ePED will have 1) higher quality of discharge teaching and 2) better care coordination than parents exposed to usual discharge teaching. The secondary purpose examined group differences in the discharge teaching, care coordination, and 30-day readmissions for parents of children with and without a chronic condition.

Design/Methods

Using a quasi-experimental design, ePED was implemented on one …

Overexpression Of Tc-Ptp In Murine Epidermis Attenuates Skin Tumor Formation, Mihwa Kim, Liza D. Morales, Cheol Jung Lee, Serena A. Olivarez, Woo Jin Kim, Joselin Hernandez, Srinivas Mummidi, Christopher Jenkinson, Andrew Tsin, Ik-Soon Jang, Thomas J. Slaga, Dae Joon Kim

School of Medicine Publications

T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP), encoded by Ptpn2, has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor during skin carcinogenesis. In the current study, we generated a novel epidermal-specific TC-PTP-overexpressing (K5HA.Ptpn2) mouse model to show that TC-PTP contributes to the attenuation of chemically induced skin carcinogenesis through the synergistic regulation of STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and PI3K/AKT signaling. We found overexpression of TC-PTP increased epidermal sensitivity to DMBA-induced apoptosis and it decreased TPA-mediated hyperproliferation, coinciding with reduced epidermal thickness. Inhibition of STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, or AKT reversed the effects of TC-PTP overexpression on epidermal survival and proliferation. Mice overexpressing TC-PTP in …

Association Of Visceral Adipose Tissue And Subclinical Atherosclerosis In Us-Born Mexican Americans But Not First Generation Immigrants, Clarence Gill, Miryoung Lee, Kristina Vatcheva, Nahid Rianon, Beverly Smulevitz, David D. Mcpherson, Joseph B. Mccormick, Susan P. Fisher-Hoch, Susan T. Laing

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a primary driver for the cardiometabolic complications of obesity; VATassociated cardiovascular disease risk varies by race, but most studies have been done on Non-Hispanics. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and metabolic correlates of VAT, its association with subclinical atherosclerosis, and the factors affecting this association in Mexican Americans.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Participants (n=527) were drawn from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC), on whom a carotid ultrasound to assess carotid intima media thickness and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan to assess for VAT were obtained. Those in the highest quartiles of …

Friend Or Foe? Recent Strategies To Target Myeloid Cells In Cancer, Mehdi Chaib, Subhash C. Chauhan, Liza Makowski

School of Medicine Publications

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex network of epithelial and stromal cells, wherein stromal components provide support to tumor cells during all stages of tumorigenesis. Among these stromal cell populations are myeloid cells, which are comprised mainly of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), dendritic cells (DC), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN). Myeloid cells play a major role in tumor growth through nurturing cancer stem cells by providing growth factors and metabolites, increasing angiogenesis, as well as promoting immune evasion through the creation of an immune-suppressive microenvironment. Immunosuppression in the TME is achieved by preventing critical anti-tumor immune responses …

Establishment Of Organoids From Gastric Stem Cells And Their Use To Study The Role Of Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptors, Shakila Afroz Taleb

Dissertations

Stem cells are powerful tools in different aspects of biomedical and translational research, including disease modelling, drug testing, and tissue engineering for regenerative medicine. However, isolation and culture of organ-specific stem cells are challenging tasks. Therefore, the biological features of many adult stem cells are not well studied and their involvement in the development of cancer is still controversial. Some immortal stem cell lines have been established and used as an alternative to studying features of organ-specific stem cells. The ability to grow cells in a scaffold-free, three-dimensional (3D) model system that mimics in vivo conditions would help in revealing …

The Effect Of Staphylococcus Aureus Exposure On White-Tailed Deer Trabecular Bone Stiffness And Yield, Emily Brooke Long

Graduate Theses

Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone or bone marrow caused by the infiltration of bacteria, resulting in destructive inflammation, bone necrosis and abnormal bone remolding. With a growing number of osteomyelitis diagnoses, many of which are linked to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), it is imperative to understand the pathology of S. aureus in relation to bone to provide better diagnostics and patient care. While the cellular mechanisms of S. aureus and osteomyelitis have been studied, little information exists on the biomechanical effects of such infections. We postulated that exposure to S. aureus for 72 hours would significantly decrease both …

Diabetic Retinopathy: Targeting Bigh3 To Develop Novel Molecular Therapies, Reanna Rodriguez, Anjalee Choudhury, Daniela Gonzalez, Cristian Mercado, Andrew Tsin

School of Medicine Publications

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes due to damage of blood vessels in the retina. Aside from being a major cause of blindness in the world, DR also has a significant impact on quality of life. Although there are methods to delay the progression of DR, there are no existing therapeutic regimens for early intervention. Thus, it is critical to develop cost-effective therapies towards preventing DR development.

Ape1 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Proliferation Through Gfrα1/Src/Erk Axis-Cascade Signaling In Response To Gdnf, Yoo-Duk Choi, Ji-Yeon Jung, Minwoo Baek, Sheema Khan, Peter I. Song, Sunhyo Ryu, Joo-Yeon Koo, Subhash C. Chauhan, Andrew Tsin, Chan Choi, Won Jae Kim, Mihwa Kim

School of Medicine Publications

Pancreatic cancer is the worst exocrine gastrointestinal cancer leading to the highest mortality. Recent studies reported that aberrant expression of apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APE1) is involved in uncontrolled cell growth. However, the molecular mechanism of APE1 biological role remains unrevealed in pancreatic cancer progression. Here, we demonstrate that APE1 accelerates pancreatic cancer cell proliferation through glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)/glial factor receptor α1 (GFRα1)/Src/ERK axis-cascade signaling. The proliferation of endogenous APE1 expressed-MIA PaCa-2, a human pancreatic carcinoma cell line, was increased by treatment with GDNF, a ligand of GFRα1. Either of downregulated APE1 or GFRα1 expression using small interference …

Neurocognitive Impairment In Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence For Shared Genetic Aetiology, Josephine Mollon, Joanne E. Curran, Samuel R. Mathias, Emma E. M. Knowles, Phoeve Carlisle, Peter T. Fox, Rene L. Olvera, Harald Hh Goring, Amanda Rodrigue, Laura Almasy, Ravindranath Duggirala, John Blangero, David C. Glahn

School of Medicine Publications

Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes is associated with cognitive impairments, but it is unclear whether common genetic factors influence both type 2 diabetes risk and cognition.

Methods: Using data from 1892 Mexican-American individuals from extended pedigrees, including 402 with type 2 diabetes, we examined possible pleiotropy between type 2 diabetes and cognitive functioning, as measured by a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery.

Results: Negative phenotypic correlations (ρp) were observed between type 2 diabetes and measures of attention (Continuous Performance Test [CPT d']: ρp = -0.143, p = 0.001), verbal memory (California Verbal Learning Test [CVLT] recall: ρp = -0.111, p = 0.004) …

Effects Of A Sport Nutrition Education Intervention On Nutritional Knowledge, Dietary Behaviors, And Self-Efficacy In Ncaa Division I Softball Players, Kylie Wilson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Optimal nutrition is vital in sport. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a sport nutrition education intervention (SNEI) on nutritional knowledge, dietary behaviors, nutritional self-efficacy, body composition, and performance in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female softball players, and to measure retention and effects of this knowledge after the SNEI period. Seven participants were assessed using a Dietary Behaviors and Nutritional Knowledge questionnaire, Self-Efficacy questionnaire, BodPod measurement, exit velocity, and weekly intention surveys. Two-way mixed repeated ANOVAs were used to determine the impact of a five-week SNEI on an intervention group as compared to …

Hypoglycaemia Is Reduced With Use Of Inhaled Technosphere ® Insulin Relative To Insulin Aspart In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, E R Seaquist, L Blonde, J B Mcgill, S R Heller, D M Kendall, J B Bumpass, F M Pompilio, M L Grant

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIM: To evaluate the effect of final HbA

METHODS: In the randomized, phase 3, multicentre AFFINITY-1 study, adults (N = 375) who had type 1 diabetes for ≥ 12 months and an HbA

RESULTS: Participants treated with Technosphere Insulin experienced statistically significantly fewer level 1 and 2 hypoglycaemic events and a lower incidence of level 3 hypoglycaemia than participants treated with insulin aspart. The lower rate of hypoglycaemia with Technosphere Insulin was observed across the range of end-of-treatment HbA

CONCLUSIONS: Participants using Technosphere Insulin experienced clinically non-inferior glycaemic control and lower hypoglycaemia rates across a range of HbA

New Horizons: Covid-19 And The Burden Of Neuropsychiatric Illness In Pakistan, Ali M. Hashmi, Haider Ali Saleem

Medical College Documents

This manuscript reviews the current state of knowledge about the burden of mental illness and assesses the impact of COVID-19 illness on mental health in Pakistan. For this we analyzed secondary data obtained from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study draws from a wide range of data sources to quantify global and regional effects of a disease. We also did a literature search on the effects of COVID-19 illness on mental health and the psychosocial effects of COVID-19 and other Corona virus related illnesses such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Data from the …

The Use Of Guedel Airway For Naso-Orogastric Tube Insertion In Patients With Covid-19. A Way To Minimize Aerosol Generation, Faraz Shafiq, Dileep Kumar

Department of Anaesthesia

No abstract provided.

Potential Barriers Amongst Health Care Professionals Of Pakistan In Managing Covid-19 Patients, Muhammad Irfan Ul Haq, Faraz Shafiq, Haris Sheikh

Department of Anaesthesia

Objectives: To evaluate basic knowledge of Health Care Professionals (HCPs) of Pakistan in managing COVID 19 patients. It includes information regarding infection control measures, administrative and professional support. This was followed by evaluation of psychological factor that can act as a barrier in effective management of these patients.
Methods: The survey was conducted on line using Google Form. After approval from hospital ethical committee survey link was disseminated to HCPs using social media.
Results: Four hundred fifteen HCPs were participated. Most of them were younger than 30 years and majority of them were postgraduate trainees. Results showed gaps in the …

No Difference In Strength And Clinical Outcome Between Early And Late Repair After Achilles Tendon Rupture, Michael R Carmont, Jennifer A Zellers, Annelie Brorsson, Karin Grävare Silbernagel, Jón Karlsson, Katarina Nilsson-Helander

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: This retrospective study aimed to determine the patient-reported and functional outcome of patients with delayed presentation, who had received no treatment until 14 days following injury of Achilles tendon rupture repaired with minimally invasive surgery and were compared with a group of sex- and age-matched patients presenting acutely. Based on the outcomes following delayed presentation reported in the literature, it was hypothesized that outcomes would be inferior for self-reported outcome, tendon elongation, heel-rise performance, ability to return to play, and complication rates than for acutely managed patients.

METHODS: Repair was performed through an incision large enough to permit mobilisation …

Late Effects Of Clubfoot Deformity In Adolescent And Young Adult Patients Whose Initial Treatment Was An Extensive Soft-Tissue Release: Topic Review And Clinical Case Series, Jeffrey E Johnson, Thomas A Fortney, Pamela C Luk, Sandra E Klein, Jeremy J Mccormick, Matthew B Dobbs, J Eric Gordon, Perry L Schoenecker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Children with congenital clubfoot often have residual deformity, pain, and limited function in adolescence and young adulthood. These patients represent a heterogeneous group that often requires an individualized management strategy. This article reviews the available literature on this topic while proposing a descriptive classification system based on a review of patients at our institution who underwent surgery for problems related to previous clubfoot deformity during the period between January 1999 and January 2012. Seventy-two patients (93 feet) underwent surgical treatment for the late effects of clubfoot deformity at an average age of 13 years (range 9 to 19 years). All …

Three-Dimensional Facial Morphology In Cantú Syndrome, Helen I Roessler, Kathleen Shields, Dorothy K Grange, Nine V A M Knoers, Gijs Van Haaften, Peter Hammond, Mieke M Van Haelst

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cantú syndrome (CS) was first described in 1982, and is caused by pathogenic variants in ABCC9 and KCNJ8 encoding regulatory and pore forming subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium (K

The Effect Of Β-Caryophyllene On Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction, Farah M. Jamal Laham

Theses

Cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2), a key member of the endocannabinoid system have recently emerged as a crucial therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Downregulation of CB2 receptors has been witnessed in various cancers, neurological and cardiovascular disorders. Thus, the activation of CB2 receptors may protect against ISO-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. The present study investigates the cardioprotective effect of a selective cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist β-caryophyllene (BCP), a dietary phytocannabinoid, and a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI in rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pre-and co-treated with β-caryophyllene (50 mg/kg, orally) twice daily for 10 …

Variability In State Regulations Pertaining To Infection Control And Pandemic Response In Us Assisted Living Communities, Taylor Bucy, Lindsey Smith, Paula C. Carder, Jaclyn Winfree, Kali Thomas

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

At the end of 2019, international attention was drawn to an outbreak of zoonotic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, formally named COVID-19, in Wuhan, China. The World Health Organization officially declared the outbreak a global pandemic on March 11, 2020, with the United States recording >1600 confirmed and presumptive travel-related and community-acquired cases at that time. As of April 10, 2020, all 50 US states and the District of Columbia, have reported cases, with the total number of US cases now totaling >400,000.2 Seattle, WA, is the US epicenter, with nursing facilities experiencing the greatest number of fatalities. Because of the communal living …

Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 Functionally Interacts With The Igf-I System In Bladder Cancer, Simone Buraschi, Alaide Morcavallo, Thomas Neill, Manuela Stefanello, Chiara Palladino, Shi-Qiong Xu, Antonino Belfiore, Renato V. Iozzo, Andrea Morrione

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Catabolic Degradation Of Endothelial Vegfa Via Autophagy, Thomas Neill, Carolyn Chen, Simone Buraschi, Renato V. Iozzo

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Extracellular matrix-evoked angiostasis and autophagy within the tumor microenvironment represent two critical, but unconnected, functions of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan, decorin. Acting as a partial agonist of vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2), soluble decorin signals via the energy sensing protein, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), in the autophagic degradation of intracellular vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Here, we discovered that soluble decorin evokes intracellular catabolism of endothelial VEGFA that is mechanistically independent of mTOR, but requires an autophagic regulator, paternally expressed gene 3 (PEG3). We found that administration of autophagic inhibitors such as chloroquine or bafilomycin A1, or depletion …

Parent Perception Of Effectiveness Of Educational Materials, Rachel Conti, Youstina Gerges, Amy Gladis, Amanda Off, Lauren Paxton, Jerret Schunk, Susan Ronan

Annual SHSP Student Research and Scholarship Day

No abstract provided.

Barriers To Parent-Child Sex Communication: Exploring The Perspective Parents With Gay, Bisexual, And Queer Adolescent Sons., Maikel Mansour, Angela Allen, Idelys Amador, Carolina Cortes, Alaina Cottrell, James Goodman, Lady Henriquez, Zanib Iqbal, Nicole Kashine, Mary Kovoor, Halima Mohammed-Bashiru, Amanda Moody, Racquel O’Connor, Ludween Pierre, Nicole Scambia, Cathy Yu, Keosha Bond

Annual SHSP Student Research and Scholarship Day

No abstract provided.

Ubiquitination Of The Dna-Damage Checkpoint Kinase Chk1 By Traf4 Is Required For Chk1 Activation, Xinfang Yu, Wei Li, Haidan Liu, Qipan Deng, Xu Wang, Hui Hu, Zijun Y Xu-Monette, Wei Xiong, Zhongxin Lu, Ken H Young, Wei Wang, Yong Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Aberrant activation of DNA damage response (DDR) is a major cause of chemoresistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). CHK1 is upregulated in CRC and contributes to therapeutic resistance. We investigated the upstream signaling pathways governing CHK1 activation in CRC.

METHODS: We identified CHK1-binding proteins by mass spectrometry analysis. We analyzed the biologic consequences of knockout or overexpression of TRAF4 using immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence. CHK1 and TRAF4 ubiquitination was studied in vitro and in vivo. We tested the functions of TRAF4 in CHK1 phosphorylation and CRC chemoresistance by measuring cell viability and proliferation, anchorage-dependent and -independent cell growth, and mouse …