Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Lessons Learned From All For Them: Best Practices For A Cross-Collaboration Approach To Hpv Vaccination In Public Schools, Paula M Cuccaro, Jihye Choi, Efrat K Gabay, J Michael Wilkerson, Diane Santa Maria, Sanghamitra M Misra, Mayra Aguilar Mcbride, Sally W Vernon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Community Preventive Services Task Force endorses vaccination programs in schools to increase access to vaccinations. However, implementing a school-based approach requires substantial coordination, planning, and resources. All for Them (AFT) is a multilevel, multicomponent approach to increase HPV vaccination among adolescents attending public schools in medically underserved areas in Texas. AFT comprised a social marketing campaign, school-based vaccination clinics, and school nurse continuing education. Process evaluation metrics and key informant interviews to understand experiences with AFT program implementation informed lessons learned. Lessons emerged in six domains: strong champion, school-level support, tailored and cost-effective marketing approaches, mobile provider collaboration, community …

Association Of Polymorphisms In Fshr, Inha, Esr1, And Bmp15 With Recurrent Implantation Failure, Eun-Ju Ko, Ji-Eun Shin, Jung-Yong Lee, Chang-Soo Ryu, Ji-Young Hwang, Young-Ran Kim, Eun-Hee Ahn, Ji-Hyang Kim, Nam-Keun Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) refers to two or more unsuccessful in vitro fertilization embryo transfers in the same individual. Embryonic characteristics, immunological factors, and coagulation factors are known to be the causes of RIF. Genetic factors have also been reported to be involved in the occurrence of RIF, and some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may contribute to RIF. We examined SNPs in

Correction: Deadly Combination Of Vaping-Lnduced Lung Injury And Influenza: Case Report, Bindu H Akkanti, Rahat Hussain, Manish K Patel, Jayeshkumar A Patel, Kha Dinh, Bihong Zhao, Shaimaa Elzamly, Kevin Pelicon, Klemen Petek, Ismael A Salas De Armas, Mehmet Akay, Biswajit Kar, Igor D Gregoric, L Maximilian Buja

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Following publication of the original article [1], In this article the title was incorrectly given as “Deadly combination of E-cigarettes has become a popular-lnduced lung injury and Influenza: case report” but should have been “Deadly combination of Vaping-lnduced lung injury and Influenza: case report”.

The original article has been updated.

Home-Based Tdcs For Apathy In Alzheimer’S Disease: A Protocol For A Randomized Double-Blinded Controlled Pilot Study, Antonio L Teixeira, Laís Bhering Martins, Thiago Macedo E Cordeiro, Lijin Jose, Robert Suchting, Holly M Holmes, Ron Acierno, Hyochol Ahn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Apathy is among the most common behavioral symptoms in dementia and is consistently associated with negative outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite its prevalence and clinical relevance, available pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies to treat apathy in AD have been marked, respectively, by potentially severe side effects and/or limited efficacy. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a relatively novel non-pharmacological method of neuromodulation with promising results. Compared to previous tDCS formats, recent technological advances have increased the portability of tDCS, which creates the potential for caregiver-administered, home use. Our study aims to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of home-based …

Immunomodulatory Effects Of Glycerol Echinacea Purpurea Stem And Leaf Extract On Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophages, Maxwell D. Garcia

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

The eastern and central North American flowering plant Echinacea purpurea (EP) is used by Native Americans as a traditional remedy for upper respiratory illnesses (URI). Active chemical constituents in EP include caffeic acid derivatives, alkylamides, and polysaccharides. The use of EP extracts have been suggested to shorten the duration of upper respiratory illness symptoms. Most studies suggest an immunomodulatory effect on innate immune responses. This research will test the immunomodulatory effects of a 50:50 glycerol:water extraction of EP stem and leaf on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. Results will be compared to previous work using 75:25 ethanol root and 75:25 …

A Retrospective Multi-Institutional Cohort Analysis Of Clinical Characteristics And Outcomes In Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma, Nam Bui, Hilary Dietz, Sheima Farag, Angela C Hirbe, Michael J Wagner, Brian A Van Tine, Kristen Ganjoo, Robin L Jones, Vicki L Keedy, Elizabeth J Davis

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS) is a rare subset of chondrosarcoma. It is an aggressive neoplasm characterized by a high rate of recurrent and metastatic disease with overall poor outcomes. Systemic therapy is often used to treat DDCS; however, the optimal regimen and timing are not well defined, with current guidelines recommending following osteosarcoma protocols.

METHODS: We conducted a multi-institutional retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with DDCS. Between 1 January 2004 and 1 January 2022, the databases from five academic sarcoma centers were reviewed. Patient and tumor factors, including age, sex, tumor size, site, location, the treatments …

Tmem106b Regulates Microglial Proliferation And Survival In Response To Demyelination, Tingting Zhang, Weilun Pang, Tuancheng Feng, Jennifer Guo, Kenton Wu, Mariela Nunez Santos, Akshayakeerthi Arthanarisami, Alissa L Nana, Quynh Nguyen, Peter J Kim, Joanna L Jankowsky, William W Seeley, Fenghua Hu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

TMEM106B, a lysosomal transmembrane protein, has been closely associated with brain health. Recently, an intriguing link between TMEM106B and brain inflammation has been discovered, but how TMEM106B regulates inflammation is unknown. Here, we report that TMEM106B deficiency in mice leads to reduced microglia proliferation and activation and increased microglial apoptosis in response to demyelination. We also found an increase in lysosomal pH and a decrease in lysosomal enzyme activities in TMEM106B-deficient microglia. Furthermore, TMEM106B loss results in a significant decrease in the protein levels of TREM2, an innate immune receptor essential for microglia survival and activation. Specific ablation of TMEM106B …

Short-Term Intensive Lifestyle Therapy In A Worksite Setting Improves Cardiometabolic Health In People With Obesity, George G Schweitzer, David C Beckner, Gordon I Smith, Samuel Klein

2020-Current year OA Pubs

CONTEXT: The Pritikin Program, which provides intensive lifestyle therapy, has been shown to improve cardiometabolic outcomes when provided as a residential program.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to conduct a short-term, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of treatment with the Pritikin Program in an outpatient worksite setting.

METHODS: Cardiometabolic outcomes were evaluated in people with overweight/obesity and ≥2 metabolic abnormalities (high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, high blood pressure, HbA1c > 5.7%), before and after they were randomized to 6 weeks of standard care (n = 26) or intensive lifestyle therapy, based …

Determining The Inflammatory And Microbial Profiles Of Peritoneal Fluid From Trauma Patients Following Damage Control Laparotomy, Paige Deville, Jenna Dennis, C. Fontenot, O. Warren, Jeff Carter, Herb Phelan, Johnathan Schoen, Jeffery Hobden, Alison A. Smith

Surgery Research Symposium

Objectives: The dynamic environment of the peritoneal cavity has not been well-studied in the trauma patient population, which is high risk for inflammatory dysregulation given the systemic changes induced by traumatic injury. The objective of this study is to better characterize the milieu of the peritoneal cavity to understand the mechanisms that lead to infectious complications which impair the healing of damage tissue.

Methods: Peritoneal fluid was collected from adult trauma patients who underwent damage control laparotomy during one of their subsequent return trips to the operating room for re- exploration (N=4). Cytokine profiles were analyzed and determined using a …

Elucidating The Racial Disparity In The Age And Stage At Diagnosis Of Colorectal Cancer, Mckenzie Hargis, Sabine Saeed, Elijah Thompson, Cassandra Villa, Valentine Nfonsam

Surgery Research Symposium

Introduction:

The overall incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been decreasing in the United States, however disparities remain with certain age and race groups. Data has indicated that African American patients under 50 years of age have an increasing incidence of CRC. Additionally, their overall rate of CRC is declining more slowly when compared to White and Asian races. It is important to explore these trends in order to determine if reducing screening age guidelines for African Americans is beneficial.

Methods:

The Cancer Query System of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database was used to obtain incidence …

Enzymatic Disaggregation Is Superior To Mechanical De - Epithelialization In Preparation Of Cutis Grafts For Hernia Repair: Results Of The Cutis Ex - Vivo Graft I Study (Cute Graft I), Mchael Cook, Jeanette A. Zavala, Ian Hodgdon, John Paige, Jeff Carter, Herb Phelan

Surgery Research Symposium

Introduction

Biologic or synthetic mesh reinforcement is the current standard of care for abdominal hernia repairs but remains prohibitively expensive and can increase healthcare costs by over 100,000 USD per complication. The use of autologous cutis grafts (full thickness skin grafts with the epidermis removed) are a cost-effective solution. However, the process of mechanical de-epithelialization can be physically demanding, time consuming, and result in discrepancies between patients due to differences in skin pigment, with darker pigments being easier to de-epithelialize. To facilitate this process, we proposed the use of enzymatic disaggregation. In this study, we compare the effectiveness of mechanical …

Treatment Of Infected Total Hip Arthroplasty With Pelvic Discontinuity: A Case Report, Leland Van Deventer, Peter Krause, Anna Cohen-Rosenblum

Surgery Research Symposium

INTRODUCTION

Although two-stage exchange for prosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is considered the standard of care in the United States, this treatment poses technical challenges when pelvic discontinuity is present. We present the case of a deep infection associated with pelvic discontinuity successfully treated with a two-stage exchange using an articulating antibiotic spacer.

METHODS

A 37-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis presented with a periprosthetic right, transverse acetabular fracture and pelvic discontinuity. An acetabular revision using a jumbo cup and posterior column plate was performed without complication. Seven months later, she returned with a large open draining …

Bug Juice And Chest Tubes: Are Prophylactic Antibiotics Needed For Tube Thoracostomy Placement?, Morgan Brown, Katherine Pavleszek, Ryan Schroeder, Johnathan Schoen, Alan Marr, Partick P. Greiffenstein, John Hunt, Lance Stuke, Alison Smith

Surgery Research Symposium

Introduction: Chest tube placement for pneumothorax or hemothorax is common in trauma patients. These are often associated with associated risk of empyema and pneumonia. The use of prophylactic antibiotics prior to tube thoracostomy for traumatic thoracic injuries is controversial. Previous authors have shown decreased incidence of empyema and pneumonia with presumptive use of antibiotics in patients undergoing tube thoracostomy for trauma. Other authors, however, have shown no benefit and even increased risk of antibiotic resistance and complications related to antibiotic use. The purpose of this study is to determine if prophylactic use of antibiotics for tube thoracostomy following trauma was …

An Analysis Of Age At Cleft Surgery Based On Gender, Race, Distance From Treatment Center, And Payor Status, Sarah Rimmer, Jonathan Richard, Zhide Fang, Mohamad Masoumy, Delora Mount, Gregory Fulton

Surgery Research Symposium

Background/Purpose: This project retrospectively assessed the cleft population at a regional cleft center using a standardized set of outcomes developed by the cleft team. Surgical data regarding age at primary cleft lip repair (PCLR), primary cleft palate repair (PCPR), and alveolar bone graft (ABG) was analyzed based on gender, race, payor status, and distance to treatment center.

Methods/Description: ICD-10 and CPT codes that correlated with cleft anomalies and surgical procedures of the lip and palate were used to generate a sample of 167 surgical procedures at a regional cleft center from April 2018 to May 2022. Linear regression analyses, Wilcoxon …

Retrospective Study Of Regional Anesthesia Or General Anesthesia For Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty, Austin Primeaux, C. Norlin, Brannon Broussard, Meredith Shaw, Gregory Tortorich, Jose Gallardo, Julie Gayle, Matthew R. Eng

Surgery Research Symposium

INTRODUCTION

Revascularization is vital in treating peripheral arterial disease (PAD). When medical management fails, patients with severe claudication and critical ischemia can undergo Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTA). The patient population requiring PTA often has numerous comorbidities, and we propose these patients may experience fewer adverse events when regional anesthesia is utilized in lieu of general anesthesia.

The primary objective of this study is to determine whether patients who received regional anesthesia with femoral and sciatic nerve block had a lower rate of morbidity post-procedure versus patients who received general anesthesia for PTA for lower extremity revascularization.

METHODS

A retrospective chart …

Risk Factors For Readmission After Elective Colectomy For Uncomplicated Diverticulitis, Katherine Pavleszek, Claudia Leonardi, Danielle Dooley, David Otohinoyi, Brian Carr, Valentine Nfonsam

Surgery Research Symposium

Introduction:

Readmission is used as a quality measure for surgical outcomes. Mitigating post-operative readmission is paramount to decrease morbidity, mortality, and healthcare cost. In this study, we assess the predictive factors of 30 day readmissions for patients who underwent a colectomy for uncomplicated diverticulitis.

Methods:

We performed a six-year retrospective review and analysis (2013-2018) of the ACS-NSQIP database of patients who underwent elective colectomy for acute and chronic uncomplicated diverticulitis. We included patients who were 18 years old and above who were readmitted within 30 days post colectomy. Baseline patient characteristics included patient demographics, operation type, bowel prep, comorbidities, and …

Stratification Of Neuroendocrine Cancer Patients For Ecto - 5’ - Nucleotidase Inhibition, Michael Maurer, Nicholas Skill, Yvette Bren-Mattison, Mary A. Maluccio

Surgery Research Symposium

Introduction: Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET) are a group of rare cancers originating from neuroendocrine cells within multiple organs. The evidence that supports medical decision making must consider the heterogeneity of these tumors, differences in biologic behavior between primary sites, and the moderate to high risk of developing metastatic disease over a patient’s lifetime. Based on preliminary omic studies and current clinical trials in other cancers, the enzyme 5′-nucleotidase (CD73) has been identified as a potential biomarker for patient stratification as well as likely treatment target for NET patients. CD73 is a cell membrane bound enzyme and has been linked to cancer …

Solid Organ Pseudoaneurysms In Patients With High Grade Traumatic Injuries: A Case Series, Shivani Jain, Alexis Scheuermann, Meredyth Berard, Harrison Travis, Alison A. Smith

Surgery Research Symposium

Introduction: Blunt abdominal trauma affects 25% of all patients admitted with traumatic injuries. Although relatively rare, the development of solid organ pseudoaneurysms (PSA) can pose a significant threat to patients. If untreated, these PSAs may rupture and lead to life- threatening hemorrhage. Despite this risk, the use of follow-up imaging after initial CT for abdominal trauma has not been widely embraced.

Methods: A database was created to include all adult patients admitted at a level 1 and a level 2 trauma center between 2012 and 2020 for abdominal injuries with an AAST grade of ≥3. A retrospective review of this …

Women Pursuing Metabolic/Bariatric Surgery Are At Increased Risk For Endometrial Cancer, Robert Ross

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Quality Of Life Improvement After Surgical Management Of Severe Hidradenitis Supprativa In Adolescents, Anne Faulk, Julia Power, India Hill, Jessica A. Zagory

Surgery Research Symposium

BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis supprativa (HS) can have significant psychological, social, and financial burden in addition to its medical issues. Patients with HS can suffer from shame, embarrassment, and stress. It can significantly impact interpersonal and intimate relationships, leading to poor quality of life. We hypothesized that surgical excision can help improve these issues among adolescent patients with HS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a single-center, retrospective review of patients ≤20 years of age seen by surgery for Hurley stage 3 HS at a Children's Hospital. Demographic and medical information was collected for analysis.

RESLUTS: 8 patients met inclusion criteria. All were …

Hepatic Vagotomy In Patients With Obesity Leads To Improvement Of The Cholesterol To High - Density Lipoprotein Ratio, Ashlin J. Hinojosa

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Ileal Interposition Preserves Lean Muscle Mass And Alters Intestinal Mitochondrial Function, Robert C. Ross

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Outcomes In Pediatric Vascular Trauma, Amanda Tullos

Surgery Research Symposium

Purpose: Although pediatric vascular trauma is rare, it can result in severe functional deficits or death. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the demographics, injuries, and outcomes of the pediatric vascular trauma population and identify any risk factors associated with complications or death.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study that included all patients with penetrating and blunt trauma age 18 and under that presented to a large urban level 1 trauma center from January 2016 to August 2021. Demographic, injury, treatment, and outcome variables were recorded. The primary outcome variable was the presence of a vascular …

T4n0 Colon Cancer Has Worse Oncologic Outcomes Than Stage 3 Colon Cancer: Using Genomic Information To Decip Her The Molecular Basis Of This Phenomenon, David Otohinoyi

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Identifying Risk Factors Predictive Of Urgent And Emergent Surgical Intervention For Initial Presentation Of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma, Jaclyn Isabella

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

To Transfuse Or Not To Transfuse? Preoperative Transfusion Practices For Pediatric Sickle Cell Patients Undergoing Central Venous Access Procedures, Rebecca Moreci, Megan Vasterling, Selby White, Denise Danos, Jessica A. Zagory

Surgery Research Symposium

Purpose:

Perioperative transfusion guidelines for pediatric sickle cell disease (SCD) patients are underdeveloped. The American Society of Hematology currently provides transfusion recommendations for procedures requiring general anesthesia and lasting more than 1 hour. These guidelines, while considered ‘low certainty evidence,’ aim to reduce vaso-occlusive crises and other perioperative complications. Many pediatric SCD patients require long term central venous access, however these short procedures do not fall within the aforementioned guidelines. Therefore, transfusion recommendations for these specific procedures are unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate our institutional practice and evaluate postoperative outcomes of SCD patients undergoing central venous …

Avoiding Missed Bowel Injuries (Ambi) In Penetrating Abdominal Trauma: A Prospective Study, Ashley Clement

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Avoiding Missed Bowel Injuries (Ambi) In Blunt Abdominal Trauma: A Prospective Study, Logan C. Gold

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Area Deprivation Index Is Not Predictive Of An Individual’S Perceived Barriers To Healthcare In An Urban Setting, Amanda Tullos

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Single Cell Rna Sequencing Analysis In Murine Biliary Atresia Model Reveals Subpopulation Of Biliary Epithelial Cells With Pro-Inflammatory And Fibrogenic Traits P, Celia Short

Surgery Research Symposium

No abstract provided.