Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Fostering Resilience In Children Of United States Navy Seals Using A Social Media Platform, Riley Walker

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Background: Having resilience helps children overcome, cope, and manage stressors that they encounter throughout life and provides intrinsically protective factors to help a child thrive in the face of adversity.

Local problem: Children of United States Navy Sea, Air, and Land Operators (SEALs) face consistent stress as their parent is away from home more than 240 days per year doing high-risk training exercises.

Methods: Resilience education to mothers of children whose fathers are United States Navy SEALs delivered virtually on a social media platform. Pre- and post- intervention surveys using the Likert scale were conducted to measure the mothers’ understanding …

Nurse-Led Post Stroke Depression Screening (Psd) For Patients With Acute Stroke Using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (Phq9), Stefan Panov

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Introduction: This Evidence-Based Practice Doctor of Nursing Practice project aimed to implement a nurse-led post-stroke depression (PSD) screening using Patient Health Queastionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in a 12-bed progressive care neuro-stroke unit at a tertiary care hospital. The first goal of this project was to detect stroke patients at risk for depression who met specific inclusion criteria. The second goal was to provide depression education, initiate social work and medical referrals, and start pharmacological treatment to reduce the medical and socioeconomic burden associated with untreated PSD before discharge from the hospital.

Background: Globally, stroke is a prominent cause of death and disability. …

Pilots’ Perspectives On Urban Air Mobility Safety Challenges And Potential Solutions, Rania Wageh Ghatas, Saeideh E. Samani, Victoria L. Dulchinos, Richard H. Mogford

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

As electric vertical takeoff and landing air taxis make their way to urban airspace operations within the United States National Airspace System, many research efforts are underway to identify and understand pertinent issues needed to support the influx of new, passenger-carrying, air vehicles over highly dense, urban communities. The primary focus of this research effort was to gather subjective data from subject matter experts concerning current-day airspace operations to identify potential gaps and improvements needed to support and sustain near-term UAM operations. These potential gaps and improvements will form the foundation for the development of initial information exchange requirements between …

Evaluating Envisioned Air Mobility Architectures Using Computational Simulations Of Work, Abhinay Paladugu, Alicia Fernandes, Stuart Wilson, Thomas J. Davis, Jarrod Lichty, Martijn Ijtsma

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is an envisioned concept of operation for managing uncrewed and crewed flights for urban, regional, and interregional air transportation. One element of further development of this envisioned system is to specify architectures in terms of roles and procedures for managing contingencies. Contingency management is a highly distributed function involving coordination between multiple system actors. In this study, a computational model is applied to analyze envisioned procedures and identify architectural solutions to improve the robustness of the contingency response. The simulation framework Work Models that Compute (WMC) is used to analyze a proposed UAM lost link procedure …

Effective Integration Of Human Factors Engineering Into Faa System Development Acquisition Programs, Philip J. Smith

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

This was a research effort focused on developing recommendations to improve the understanding and application of human factors (HF) by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) acquisition program personnel. Broadly speaking, the goal was to investigate methods to help ensure the successful integration of human factors over the lifecycle of the FAA acquisition process. Structured interviews were conducted with 24 individuals with relevant program management and HF experience from the FAA and industry. Relevant FAA resources (documents and websites) and past examples of products developed by individual acquisition programs were reviewed. Based on this research, 22 recommendations were made. Key recommendations along …

Fatigue And Recovery In Pilots And Air Traffic Controllers: A Military Case Study, Pedro Piedade

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

Fatigue is a known threat to individuals, especially in high demanding and risky tasks, because of its physical, mental, and emotional consequences. In high reliability organizations (HRO), fatigue is a hazard to safety management systems and requires effective mitigation strategies. At the individual level, recovery experiences enable the ability to manage stressful situations at work but can also be effective in dealing with fatigue. In this research, 137 military pilots and air traffic controllers from the Portuguese Air Force (PoAF) responded to an online survey. The results showed that both samples were especially impacted by mental fatigue, but air traffic …

Can You Hear Me? Simultaneous Masking Between The Stars Air Traffic Control Alarms, Corey Hall, Elliot Biltekoff, Matthew L. Bolton

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

The Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System (STARS) was introduced to eliminate unnecessary Air Traffic Control (ATC) alarms and reduce air traffic controller confusion about alarms. The six STARS alarms are tonal melodies. Because of this, they are susceptible to simultaneous masking: where a tone cannot be heard in the presence of other sounds due to limitations of the human sensory system. This work used a proof-based computational method to analyze the STARS alarms to determine if any masking is possible. Our results found three instances where alarms could be partially masked (have part of their signal made inaudible) by other …

Psychophysiological Research Methods To Assess Airline Flight Crew Resilient Performance In High-Fidelity Flight Simulation Scenarios, Chad L. Stephens, Tyler D. Fettrow, Lawrence J. Prinzel Iii, Jon B. Holbrook, Kathryn M. Ballard

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

New concepts in aviation system safety thinking have emerged to consider not only what may go wrong, but also what can be learned when things go right. This approach forms a more comprehensive approach to system safety thinking. A need exists for methods to enable a better understanding of human contributions to aviation safety and how they may inform Safety Management Systems (SMS). A high-fidelity 737-800 simulation study was conducted to study how current type-rated commercial airline flight crews anticipate, monitor, respond to, and learn from expected and unexpected disturbances during line operations. A number of dependent measures were collected …

Utilizing Fram And Digital Materiel Management To Evaluate System Resilience And Inform Design Decisions, Hannah Rennich, Michael E. Miller, John M. Mcguirl

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

As technology upgrades become more complex and introduce sources of performance variability into the system, human factors engineers must identify and mitigate the risks involved. As opposed to more traditional methods like Human Factors Failure Mode and Effects (HF-FMEA), this research explored the use of the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) and Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) activity diagrams to better understand how variability of human behavior in complex socio-technical systems affect overall performance and how redesign may address performance shortfalls. FRAM analysis was conducted to detect potential failures and deviations. MBSE activity diagrams were then developed to decompose the actions …

Applying Human-Centered Design To Ai-Enabled Pilot Scheduling, Amy L. Alexander, Audrey Haque, Michael Snyder, Rachael Kusiak, Brice Okubo, Kathie Chung, Eric Robinson

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

Air Force mission and training scheduling is an immensely complex, time-consuming, and significantly manual process. A scheduling tool known as Puckboard has been developed to help C-17 squadrons transition from moving pucks across large whiteboards to utilizing technology to dynamically plan and deconflict resources in the presence of complex constraints. The overarching goal of incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) into this tool is to empower schedulers to quickly produce more efficient schedules that promote unit readiness, with more pilots completing their training syllabi faster, and with fewer disruptions to missions, training, and aircrew personal life. Our AI efforts focused on refining …

Lvc, What Is It Good For? Trade-Offs In Training Value Of Live Virtual Constructive Air Combat Training In Large Force Exercises, Robert Ramberg, Henrik Artman, Rogier Woltjer, Sanna Aronsson, Mikael Mitchell

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

This article reports the results of a workshop study with fighter pilots about the potential benefits and drawbacks of introducing Live Virtual Constructive (LVC) training (combining real aircraft, simulators, and computer-generated AI forces) into Large Force Exercises (LFEs). The study elaborates on a questionnaire study conducted during Arctic Challenge Exercise (ACE) 2021, to investigate pilots’ attitudes towards including virtual and constructive entities in LFEs. In order to get a better understanding of training value of LVC, and explanations for questionnaire answers, two workshops with a total of eight fighter pilots were conducted. Results classify the statements made by the pilots …

Development And Validation Of A Virtual Uam, Stacey M. Ahuja, Thomas Z. Strybel, Kim-Phuong L. Vu, Panadda Marayong, Praveen Shankar, Vernol Battiste

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) refers to a system of passenger and cargo air-transportation vehicles within an urban area that is currently being designed to reduce demands for surface transportation. Their success depends on whether many obstacles to UAM operations are overcome. An important challenge to UAM success is the inability of the current air traffic management system to manage urban airspace, and new procedures and operating concepts are needed for coordination of UAM vehicles with existing commercial airspace traffic. Moreover, all systems currently under development initially will require remote or onboard pilots, and these pilots will need significant training to …

Challenges And Opportunities Of Learning Aviation English By Chinese Pilots, Chi Hang Wong, Ion Juvina, Meredith Pitts, Steve Chung, Jennifer Roberts, Andrew H. Schneider

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

We explored the perspectives of Chinese pilots, a rapidly expanding sector in commercial aviation, on how they learn and use Aviation English (AE). A focus group with ten Chinese aviation professionals and in-depth semi-structured interviews with three Chinese commercial pilots were conducted to investigate their views of AE’s pertinence from flight training to line operations. The findings indicate the reliance on rote learning in AE training and the importance of experiential learning for interacting with different AE varieties. The pilots highlighted increased workload when interacting with unfamiliar accents and country-specific phraseology; understanding written communication was also mentioned as a challenge. …

Improving General Aviation Safety Through Human Factors Research, Ian Johnson, Mary E. Johnson, Brandon J. Pitts, Shantanu Gupta, Beth Blickensderfer, John Kleber, Cassandra Domingo, Robert Thomas, Thomas Guinn, Lori Brown, Debbie Carstens, Tianhua Li, Michael E. Splitt, M. Harwin, Barrett Caldwell, Mel Futrell

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

Weather continues to play a significant role in general aviation (GA) events. GA pilots use various technologies to access and view weather information in the cockpit. These technologies range from handheld devices to installed displays. A contributing factor in many weather-related events was the pilots' failure to correctly interpret the displayed weather information compared to what was observed out the window. This session will highlight ongoing Human Factors (HF) research aimed at understanding and addressing this problem. Topics include an overview of the FAA’s Weather Technology in the Cockpit (WTIC) program; barriers to automating and implementing a speech-to-coded Pilot Report …

Learning About Routine Successful Pilot Techniques Using A Cued Retrospective Think-Aloud Task, Jon Holbrook, Chad Stephens, Lawrence J. Prinzel Iii, Sepehr Bastami, Daniel Kiggins

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

Self-report can be a valuable method for collecting data about people’s goals and perceived motivations – data about aspects of crew thinking that are not otherwise readily observable. One of the challenges associated with collecting self-report data on routine successful performance, however, is that details may go unreported, be deemed unimportant, or may not be recalled. We report a study in which commercial airline flight crews participated in a video-cued retrospective think aloud after flying a high-fidelity simulated arrival into Charlotte airport. One day after flying the simulated arrival, crews were shown a video recording of their flight. The video …

Efficacy Of Using Virtual Reality To Support The Training Of The Emerging Pilot Workforce, James G. Birdsong, Kurt L. Reesman, Joellen M. Sefton, Matthew W. Miller

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

Classroom instruction, computer-based training, flight simulation, and aircraft are used to train pilots. New immersive technologies and associated learning methods are used to train military pilots and may have value in civilian pilot training. This paper describes a study to explore the efficacy of using Virtual Reality (VR) Head-mounted Displays (HMDs) to support the training of the emerging pilot workforce. Participants were ab-initio civilian pilot students enrolled in a collegiate aviation program. Participants learned commercial aircraft preflight tasks using one of three methods. The control group used a combination of traditional classroom lectures and simulator sessions; one experimental group used …

On The Appropriate Participant Expertise For Display Evaluation Studies, M. M. Van Paassen, Clark Borst, Max Mulder, Gijs De Rooij, Ferdinand Dijkstra, Adam Balint Tisza

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

Expert participants may not always be available for evaluation of new displays or support systems, and in some cases, it might be better to use novice participants, particularly when the display or support significantly changes existing work practices. To provide tools and arguments for selecting the expertise level of participants, we propose the use of Rasmussen’s decision ladder to analyze where and how a new visualization or a support tool changes the task, and identify steps where a novice participant may learn to perform the task to an acceptable level. A comparison to the support with the current operational interfaces …

A Competency Framework For Aviation Psychologists And Human Factors Specialists In Aviation, Sonja Biede, Federic Detaille, Optihum, Tina Narotra, Katarina Petrovic, Hermann Rathje, Alessandra Rea, Michaela Schwarz, Anna Vereker

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2023

The new Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/1042 on technical requirements and administrative procedures includes psychological assessment of flight crew which refers to accredited Aviation Psychologists (AVPSY). However, the associated acceptable meansof compliance and guidance material does not provide a specific definition or requirements of such psychologists. Likewise, the term Aviation Human Factors Specialist (AVHFS) has not yet been legally recognised in Europe. AVHFS lacks a European definition and no pan-European competency-based endorsement exists. This paper reports the development of a competency framework by members of the European Association for Aviation Psychology (EAAP) and intendeduse in accreditation for AVPSY and AVHFS. It …

Wound Care For Unhoused Youth, Diana Altman, Monse Villasenor, Grace Fry, Maddy Johnson, Matthew Messenger

Nursing Leadership in Community Engagement Projects

Wound Care For Unhoused Youth

Introduction

We partnered with a non-profit organization designed to serve the unhoused youth, ages 18-25, who have a day program as well as an overnight shelter. They have 30 beds and reserve 20 of those beds for individuals who are “residents,” who commit to staying for several nights and work towards finding more permanent options. The other 10 beds are for individuals to use for a single night, but these are not always guaranteed, you must sign up to save a spot. The day program has various activities ranging from painting to resume workshops and …

Women’S Shelter Health Needs Assessment, Asmait Woldu, Kelly Dona, Anna Frediani, Andrea Herrejon-Duran

Nursing Leadership in Community Engagement Projects

Women’s Shelter Health Needs Assessment

Introduction

Homelessness is currently one of the biggest societal issues in the United States and evidence indicates it is increasing, particularly for women (McGeough et al., 2020). A group of nursing students from Seattle Pacific University teamed up with a women’s homeless shelter in a Metropolitan city. The agency provides shelter and warm meals as well as laundry, toiletries, bus tickets and more. But even with the resources that they do provide, the residents have other needs that are not fully met, particularly with regard to their health. This is due in large to a …

Designing A Coloring Book As A Tool To Introduce Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (Mbsr), Billie Beth Charles

Critical and Creative Thinking Capstones Collection

This paper explores the design process of developing an illustrated coloring book, as a tool to introduce Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) techniques to young adults experiencing heightened levels of anxiety, panic, and depression. The MBSR coloring book, is being developed based on a theory, and supporting evidence, that engaging in an artistic activity like coloring, can make MBSR techniques accessible to young adults seeking help for anxiety and panic-related symptoms. The author discusses the challenges young adults face in the current societal context and highlights the need for effective and accessible strategies to manage mental health issues. Through research, experience, …

Dietary Changes Among Normal And High Blood Pressure Adolescents During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Bernadette Victoria, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Rizti Millva Putri

Kesmas

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted adolescents' unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles, leading to an increase in blood pressure and obesity rate. High blood pressure among adolescents is an early indicator of adult hypertension, but this condition has received less attention recently. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the differences in dietary changes among high school students with normal and high blood pressure before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in West Lampung District, Indonesia. A cross-sectional design was used, and the sample population consisted of 167 students aged 14-19 years. The results showed that 43 participants had elevated blood …

Covid-19 Prevention In People Living With Hiv/Aids: Entering The Endemic Phase, Imelda F E Manurung, Afrona E L Takaeb, Jermias Da Cruz

Kesmas

The mortality and severity risks due to COVID-19 infection are higher in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) than those with no such condition. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between health literacy, social support, and the health belief model in PLWHA in preventing COVID-19 from entering the endemic phase. An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in October 2021 among 94 PLWHA selected by purposive sampling in Kupang City, Indonesia. The bivariate data analysis used the Chi-square, and the multivariate data analysis used the binomial logistic regression test. The results showed that 88.3% of the participants …

Development Of Pandemic Burnout Inventory For Health Personnel, Sisca Mayang Phuspa, Anjarie Dharmastuti, Adi Heru Sutomo, Syahirul Alim

Kesmas

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the workload of health personnel in Indonesia, and the risk of burnout has thus doubled. Several instruments exist to assess burnout, but none have been specifically developed for health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, to close this gap, developing a Pandemic Burnout Inventory for health personnel is important. This study used mixed methods with a sequential exploratory design at five COVID-19 referral hospitals. A total of 30 informants were employed in the qualitative phase, selected using an intensity sampling approach, and 731 respondents in the quantitative phase were obtained in field trials and online …

Extremely Hot Ambient Temperature And Injury-Related Mortality, Mien T N Nguyen, Man V M Nguyen, Huong V T Le, Hoai Viet Nguyen, Vu Anh Nguyen, Ngoan Tran Le

Kesmas

This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effects of extremely hot ambient temperatures on the total number of fatal injuries. Data were collected from a population-based mortality registry of Thanh Hoa, a province in the North Central region of Vietnam. This study qualified the distributed lag non-linear model and calculated the RR and 95% CI adjusted for long-term trend and absolute humidity. For the entire study population with 3,949 registered deaths due to injuries collected during 2005-2007, after the onset of extremely hot ambient temperatures, an increased risk of death was observed on the 9th day RR (95% CI) = …

Effects Of Using An Application For Postpartum Contraceptive Use In Family Planning Counseling During Pregnancy, Lia Nurcahyani, Dyah Widiyastuti, Arief Tarmansyah Iman, Yanti Cahyati, Yeni Fitrianingsih

Kesmas

A decision-making tool for family planning flipchart is used for contraceptive counseling, but the use of this flipchart is suboptimal. In this study, primary study resulted in innovative decision-making tools for family planning applications. “Si KB Pintar” was also developed, a tool that women can use to discuss contraceptives with their husbands after family planning counseling. This study analyzed the effectiveness of family planning counseling during pregnancy by applying postpartum contraceptive use. Analytical quantitative quasi-experimental methods were used with a control group design. The sampling method was two-stage sampling. In the first stage, from 22 primary health care (PHC) in …

Assessment Of Rabies Control Attitudes During The Covid-19 Pandemic Through Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling, Sang Gede Purnama, Ni Wayan Arya Utami, Made Subrata, Putu Erma Pradnyani, Karang Agustina, Ibn Swacita

Kesmas

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupts rabies control activities in the community. A new approach is needed to control rabies during the COVID-19 pandemic through digital health interventions by conducting digital surveillance and education. This study aimed to determine key attitude indicators in controlling rabies during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study on 166 participants in Denpasar City with a total of 31 indicators measuring five variables: perceptions of the benefits of rabies control (6 indicators), perceptions of rabies risk (6 indicators), perceptions of obstacles to rabies control (5 indicators), perceptions of the need for technology (7 indicators), and attitudes toward rabies …

Analysis Of Trustworthiness And Readability Of English And Spanish Hypo- And Hyperthyroid-Related Online Patient Education Information, Chitra Parikh, Adam M. Ostrovsky

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

This study aims to determine the readability and trustworthiness of English and Spanish hypo- and hyperthyroid-related online information. Google searches were conducted for four search terms: hypothyroidism, Hashimoto's Disease, hyperthyroidism, and Graves’ Disease. For each search term, the first 10 websites were analyzed with a total of 40 websites analyzed. Readability formulas were used to determine English and Spanish readability. Trustworthiness was determined using HONcode status, JAMA Benchmark Criteria, and NLM Trustworthy Score. Overall readability largely exceeded recommended grade levels. Only 1 website (2.5%) presented information below the eighth-grade reading level based on overall Readability Consensus score, while 31 websites …

“Too Many Meanings”: Reading “Piro Designs”, Paolo Fortis, Margherita Margiotti

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

This paper explores the notion of painting as meaningful action (Gow 1999) and highlights the productivity of the idea as emerging from, and dovetailing, different strands of thought on the nature of symbols and actions. Bringing together Lévi-Strauss’ intuition on the dynamism and generativity of graphic systems, phenomenological studies on meaning making, and ethnographic analyses of Amazonian theories of corporeality and sociality, Gow has shown how Yine (Piro) designs provide a developmental model that combines ontogenesis and social change. This paper argues for the productivity of this approach in Amerindian studies, in anthropology, and in a dialogue with psychoanalytic theory …

The Effect Of Information On Blame Attributed To Four Entities In A Police Shooting, Pauline Meyer

Student Theses and Dissertations

Police shootings continue to negatively impact the public perception of police. When it comes to attributing blame in a police shooting, both internal and external factors affect how much blame a person places on the entities involved. One hundred and twenty Arkansas State undergraduate students enrolled in a psychology or criminology course were randomly assigned to one of the three type of information groups: the episodic, thematic-pattern of violence (TPV), or the thematic-police reform (TPR) group, and then read about the Stephon Clark shooting in 2018. Participants attributed blame scores to the four entities involved: Stephon Clark, the police chief, …