Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Accuracy And Reliability Of Chatbot Responses To Physician Questions, Rachel S Goodman, Isik Turker, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Natural language processing tools, such as ChatGPT (generative pretrained transformer, hereafter referred to as chatbot), have the potential to radically enhance the accessibility of medical information for health professionals and patients. Assessing the safety and efficacy of these tools in answering physician-generated questions is critical to determining their suitability in clinical settings, facilitating complex decision-making, and optimizing health care efficiency.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy and comprehensiveness of chatbot-generated responses to physician-developed medical queries, highlighting the reliability and limitations of artificial intelligence-generated medical information.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-three physicians across 17 specialties generated 284 medical questions that they …

Reduction Of Sparc Protects Mice Against Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation And Obesity, Seungjin Ryu, Olga Spadaro, Sviatoslav Sidorov, Aileen H. Lee, Sonia Caprio, Christopher Morrison, Steven R. Smith, Eric Ravussin, Irina Shchukina, Maxim N. Artyomov, Yun-Hee Youm, Vishwa Deep Dixit

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The comprehensive assessment of long-term effects of reducing intake of energy (CALERIE-II; NCT00427193) clinical trial established that caloric restriction (CR) in humans lowers inflammation. The identity and mechanism of endogenous CR-mimetics that can be deployed to control obesity-associated inflammation and diseases are not well understood. Our studies have found that 2 years of 14% sustained CR in humans inhibits the expression of the matricellular protein, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), in adipose tissue. In mice, adipose tissue remodeling caused by weight loss through CR and low-protein diet feeding decreased, while high-fat diet-induced (HFD-induced) obesity increased SPARC expression …

Safety And Immunogenicity Of Live Viral Vaccines In A Multicenter Cohort Of Pediatric Transplant Recipients, Amy G Feldman, Stacy Postma, Janis Stoll, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Live vaccines (measles-mumps-rubella [MMR] and varicella-zoster virus [VZV]) have not been recommended after solid organ transplant due to concern for inciting vaccine strain infection in an immunocompromised host. However, the rates of measles, mumps, and varicella are rising nationally and internationally, leaving susceptible immunocompromised children at risk for life-threating conditions.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and immunogenicity of live vaccines in pediatric liver and kidney transplant recipients.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included select pediatric liver and kidney transplant recipients who had not completed their primary MMR and VZV vaccine series and/or who displayed nonprotective serum antibody …

Diagnostic Criteria For Identifying Individuals At High Risk Of Progression From Mild Or Moderate To Severe Alcohol Use Disorder, Alex P Miller, Emma C Johnson, Rebecca Tillman, Vivia V Mccutcheon, Kathleen K Bucholz, Arpana Agrawal, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-5) diagnoses of substance use disorders rely on criterion count-based approaches, disregarding severity grading indexed by individual criteria.

OBJECTIVE: To examine correlates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) across count-based severity groups (ie, mild, moderate, mild-to-moderate, severe), identify specific diagnostic criteria indicative of greater severity, and evaluate whether specific criteria within mild-to-moderate AUD differentiate across relevant correlates and manifest in greater hazards of severe AUD development.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study involved 2 cohorts from the family-based Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) with 7 sites …

Tipifarnib Potentiates The Antitumor Effects Of Pi3kα Inhibition In Pik3ca- And Hras-Dysregulated Hnscc Via Convergent Inhibition Of Mtor Activity, Alison E Smith, Douglas R Adkins, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Outcomes for patients with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are poor, with median overall survival (OS) ranging from 6 to 18 months. For those who progress on standard-of-care (chemo)immunotherapy, treatment options are limited, necessitating the development of rational therapeutic strategies. Toward this end, we targeted the key HNSCC drivers PI3K-mTOR and HRAS via the combination of tipifarnib, a farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitor, and alpelisib, a PI3Kα inhibitor, in multiple molecularly defined subsets of HNSCC. Tipifarnib synergized with alpelisib at the level of mTOR in PI3Kα- or HRAS-dependent HNSCCs, leading to marked cytotoxicity in vitro and tumor …

Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center: Cancer Prevention Perspective, Graham A Colditz, Bettina F Drake, Timothy J Eberlein

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We summarize Siteman Cancer Center catchment that covers 82 counties in southern Illinois and eastern Missouri. We note both the high poverty and cancer rates in many rural counties. Siteman Community Outreach and Engagement has developed a number of strategies to move towards achieving health equity. These include NCI-funded research projects in rural clinics and outreach to improve access to cancer prevention services. To increase capacity for community-engaged research, we have developed and refined a Community Research Fellows Training Program.

Pre-Radiotherapy Ctdna Liquid Biopsy For Risk Stratification Of Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Nicholas P Semenkovich, Shahed N Badiyan, Pamela P Samson, Hayley B Stowe, Yun E Wang, Rachel Star, Siddhartha Devarakonda, Ramaswamy Govindan, Saiama N Waqar, Clifford G Robinson, Gregory Vlacich, Bruna Pellini, Aadel A Chaudhuri

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The optimal treatment paradigm for patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Some patients with oligometastatic disease experience prolonged remission after locally consolidative radiation therapy (RT), while others harbor micrometastatic disease (below limits of detection by imaging) and benefit from systemic therapy. To risk-stratify and identify the patients most likely to benefit from locally consolidative RT, we performed a multi-institutional cohort study of 1487 patients with oligometastatic NSCLC undergoing liquid biopsy analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). In total, 1880 liquid biopsies were performed and approximately 20% of patients (n = 309) had ctDNA measured prior to …

Herrens Veje: A Catalyst To Reflect Upon Military Chaplaincy And Ecclesial Issues In A Nordic Context, Jan Grimell, Mariecke Van Den Berg

Journal of Religion & Film

This article is based on an analysis of the first season of the Danish series Herrens Veje (The Way of the Lord; Price 2017). The series portrays the young, idealistic pastor and military chaplain August, who is deployed to a conflict zone with a military unit. He accompanies the unit on a patrol to win the trust of the soldiers. During the patrol, they engage in combat and August kills an innocent civilian woman. Upon return, the transition from military to civilian life proves to be increasingly challenging and troublesome. As the series proceeds, August’s mental health deteriorates and his …

Tricritical Point As A Crossover Between Type-Is And Type-Iis Bifurcations, Prabakaran Rajamanickam, Joel Daou

Progress in Scale Modeling, an International Journal

A tricritical point as a crossover between (stationary finite-wavelength) type-I_s and (stationary longwave) type-II_s bifurcations is identified in the study of diffusive-thermal (Turing) instability of flames propagating in a Hele-Shaw channel in a direction transverse to a shear flow. Three regimes exhibiting different scaling laws are identified in the neighbourhood of the tricritical point. For these three regimes, sixth-order partial differential equations are obtained governing the weakly nonlinear evolution of unstable solutions near the onset of instability. These sixth-order PDES may be regarded as the substitute for the classical fourth-order Kuramoto­­­­­­–­­Sivashinsky equation which is not applicable near the …

Chacahoula 2023, Tram Phan, Mallory Kaul, Alayna Pellegrin

Chacahoula

WE GROW, WE DEVELOP, WE THRIVE:

The 2023 issue of Chacahoula includes December 2022 and May 2023 graduating classes, as well as stunning photography of Week of Welcome, Homecoming, Mardi Gras, and Spring Fever. With features covering notable students, faculty, and staff, this year's time capsule beautifully preserves an academic year in the life of the University of Louisiana at Monroe.

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall 2023

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Using Noninvasive Calibrated Cuff Plethysmography To Observe The Effects Of Cold-Water Immersion On Arterial Compliance, Rita M. Grigorian

Master's Theses

As the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases continues to exponentially grow in populations across the globe, the necessity of determining underlying factors, effective methods of diagnoses, and universally available preventive measures also grows. Early detection of endothelial dysfunction, a proven precursor of cardiovascular diseases, can be extremely impactful in encouraging preventative measures and early intervention before medical conditions become chronic. In recent years, ice plunging, a form of cryotherapy involving full body immersion in cold water, has gained popularity within circles of fitness and health practitioners, gaining the interest of people of all backgrounds. Certain parallels observed between the human physiological …

Il-34 Exacerbates Pathogenic Features Of Alzheimer's Disease And Calvaria Osteolysis In Triple Transgenic (3x-Tg) Female Mice., Anny Ho, Bidii Ngala, Chiaki Yamada, Christopher Garcia, Carolina Duarte, Juliet Akkaoui, Dumitru Ciolac, Amilia Nusbaum, William Kochen, Daniela Efremova, Stanislav Groppa, Lubov Nathanson, Stephanie Bissel, Adrian Oblak, Melissa A. Kacena, Alexandru Movila

HPD Articles

Hallmark features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include elevated accumulation of aggregated Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides, hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), and neuroinflammation. Emerging evidence indicated that interleukin-34 (IL-34) contributes to AD and inflammatory osteolysis via the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1r). In addition, CSF-1r is also activated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1 (M-CSF). While the role of M-CSF in bone physiology and pathology is well addressed, it remains controversial whether IL-34-mediated signaling promotes osteolysis, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation in relation to AD. In this study, we injected 3x-Tg mice with mouse recombinant IL-34 protein over the calvaria bone every other day for 42 days. Then, …

Fall 2023 Edition, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

The Sig

The Sig Newsletter from the Southwestern Oklahoma State University College of Pharmacy - Fall 2023 Edition

Bridging The Gap From New Graduate To Practicing Occupational Therapist: An Educational Resource In Orthopedics, Rachel Carlson, Helen Carey, Kaylee Munch, Lisa Choe

Fall 2023 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

OT is pivotal in the rehabilitation and recovery of individuals with orthopedic conditions (Nelson, 2010). However, as a new graduate occupational therapist, there is limited support as they make the transition to clinical practice (Turpin et al., 2021). New graduates receive support through professional mentorship and peer support but are often focused on the safe practice of basic skills rather than on best practices (Opoku et al., 2021). New graduates would feel more confident in clinical judgment and decision-making with additional support from mentors and accessible up-to-date resources (Adam et al., 2013). Purpose: Develop an accessible resource for new occupational …

Outbreak Communication: Exploring The Relationships Between Health Information Seeking Behaviors, Vested Interests, And Covid-19 Knowledge In U.S. Midwest Populations, Alicia Mason, Josh Compton, Elizabeth Spencer, Kaitlin Barnett

Faculty Submissions

On February 15, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director, General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, stated at a Munich Security Conference, “We’re not just fighting an epidemic; we’re fighting an infodemic,” (Zarocostas, 2020, p. 676). The term ‘infodemic’ refers to the onslaught of both accurate and inaccurate health information surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. The concept of an ‘infodemic’ was quickly integrated into mass media, popular culture (i.e., documentaries, podcasts), and eventually scholarly literature. In response to COVID-19, health communication scholars have centered on understanding specific messaging strategies such as the use of fear appeals (Stolow et al., 2020), nature of advertising …

Ud's Pre-Health Resource Center Serves All Majors, Udayton

Pre-Health Resource Center Campus Communications

No abstract provided.

The Pulse Fall 2023, Southern Adventist University

The Pulse – School of Health and Kinesiology Newsletter

The Fall 2023 edition of The Pulse covers the School of Health and Kinesiology activities like senior recognition, community outreach, and adventure programming. It also covers increases in Gym usage, Intramural participation, and use of the Human Performace Lab.

Multiexciton Quintet State Populations In A Rigid Pyrene-Bridged Parallel Tetracene Dimer, Liang-Chun Lin, Tanner Smith, Qianxiang Ai, Brandon K. Rugg, Chad Risko, John E. Anthony, Niels H. Damrauer, Justin C. Johnson

UK CARES Faculty Publications

The multiexciton quintet state, 5 TT, generated as a singlet fission intermediate in pairs of molecular chromophores, is a promising candidate as a qubit or qudit in future quantum information science schemes. In this work, we synthesize a pyrene-bridged parallel tetracene dimer, TPT, with an optimized interchromophore coupling strength to prevent the dissociation of 5 TT to two decorrelated triplet (T1) states, which would contaminate the spin-state mixture. Long-lived and strongly spin-polarized pure 5 TT state population is observed via transient absorption spectroscopy and transient/pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and its lifetime is estimated to be >35 ms, with the …

The Clinicopathologic Significance Of Npm1 Mutation And Ability To Detect Mutated Npm1 By Immunohistochemistry In Non-Aml Myeloid Neoplasms., Hatem Kaseb, Valeria Visconte, Daniel S Socha, Genevieve M Crane, Lisa Durkin, James R Cook, Jaroslaw P Maciejewski, Eric D Hsi, Heesun J Rogers

Oncology Articles

NPM1 mutated non-AML myeloid neoplasms (MN; T p. L287F; 65%) than frameshift insertion/duplication (35%) with median variant allele frequency (VAF; 9.7%, range 5.1%-49.8%). Mutated NPM1 by IHC showed cytoplasmic positivity in 48% and positivity was associated with higher VAF. The median overall survival (OS) in this cohort was 70 months. Nine patients (26%) progressed to AML. OS in patients who progressed to AML was significantly shorter than the one of patients without progression to AML (OS 20 vs. 128 months, respectively, log rank p = 0.05). NPM1 mutated non-AML MN patients commonly had cytopenias, dysplasia, normal karyotype, mutations in multiple …

Longitudinal Follow-Up Of Netherton’S Syndrome, K. Petit, Christina E. Borchers, Julian Trevino

Dermatology Faculty Publications

Netherton’s Syndrome (NS) is a rare, autosomal recessivegenodermatosis caused by mutations in SPINK5 which encodes LETKI, aserine protease inhibitor.2,4 Consequently, unopposed kallikrein activityresults in an impaired skin barrier and desquamation.2 A triad of atopy,ichthyosis linearis circumflexa, and trichorrhexis invaginata (“bamboohair”) is characteristic of this disease.1 Associated findings includehypereosinophilia and elevated IgE. Histologically, a nonspecificpsoriasiform hyperplasia and dermal lymphocytic infiltrate may beobserved.1,6 Clinically, NS is frequently misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis(AD) and proves difficult to treat.2 Dupilumab, an IL-4/IL-13 inhibitor withFDA approval for the treatment of atopic dermatitis and prurigo nodularis,may be a promising therapy for patients with NS.3 We present alongitudinal …

Raman Spectral Cytopathology For Cancer Diagnostic Applications, Fiona Lyng, Damian Traynor, Isha Behl, Declan O'Dea, Hugh Byrne

Books/Book Chapters

Histopathology is currently regarded as the “gold standard” patient sampling technique for cancer diagnostics. It involves extraction of a tissue sample, or biopsy, which is then sectioned and stained for evaluation by a pathologist [1]. Cytopathology, on the other hand, is the field of disease diagnosis at the cellular level [2], necessitating only the microscopic evaluation of samples of cells which can be harvested by less invasive methods such as exfoliative brushing, needle probes or from biofluids. Based on the identification of abnormalities in cellular appearance, cytopathology is currently widely used to aid in the screening of cancer, as well …

College Of Health Sciences Newsletter, College Of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University

Ellmer College of Health Sciences Newsletters

October 2023 issue of Old Dominion University's College of Health Sciences Newsletter.

Mental Health Suicide In Alabama, Michael Schurdell

University Faculty and Staff Publications

Mental health and suicide are significant issues in Alabama, a state that ranks 46th out of the 50 states and Washington D.C. in access to mental health services. Alabama’s suicide rate is 59% higher than its homicide rate of 8.3%. This crisis is particularly acute among Caucasian males aged 45-54, who account for 71% of suicides; this demographic is four times more likely to commit suicide than females and three times more likely than African Americans. High suicide rates correlate to a lack of available resources across the state, especially in rural communities. The closure of mental health facilities has …

Unlocking Vr Magic: Duration Of Anxiety Relief For Pediatric Needle Procedures, Anna Angelica Mendoza

Nursing | Student Research Posters

No abstract provided.

Improving Acceptability, Use, And Continuation Of Iud In Bangladesh, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Abdullah Al Mahmud Shohag, Zakaria Hossain, Shongkour Roy, Ubaidur Rob

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

Although the nonhormonal copper intra-uterine device (IUD) is the safest and cheapest long-acting contraceptive method, its use has been declining day-by-day in Bangladesh. Less than 1% of married women 15-49 years of age who currently use a contraceptive method use an IUD. Researchers conducted a quasi-experimental pre-post-test non-equivalent control group designed study to test a simple intervention intended to increase acceptance, use, and continuation of the IUD among married women of reproductive age (18 to 45 years) in Keraniganj, Savar, and Nawabganj Upazilas (sub-districts) in Bangladesh. The study was conducted in a real-life situation of Union Health and Family Welfare …

Library & Knowledge Services Newsletter - Fall 2023, Baystate Health Sciences Library

Library Newsletters

Baystate Library & Knowledge Services Newsletter - Fall 2023

Search, The Jackson Laboratory

Search Magazine

No abstract provided.

New Dentist News (October 2023), Ada Committee On The New Dentist

New Dentist News

New Dentist News offers timely information on scientific, social, educational, political and economic developments affecting new dentists. This collection is historical and items may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA. The New Dentist News was alternately titled ADA Lifeline, 1997-June 2001.

Pretibial Myxedema: An Unusual Presentation, Dāsha Giger, Christina E. Borchers, Samia Borchers

Dermatology Faculty Publications

Pretibial myxedema presents with indurated nodules or plaques that can be erythematous or vary in color from purple-brown to yellow. It is noted that a peau d’orange appearanceis a characteristic finding. These lesions are typically located on the anterolateral aspect of the lower legs. Non-pitting edema of the shins that evolves into elephantiasis is anotherpotential presentation seen in pretibial myxedema. It is often associated with hyperthyroidism, particularly Graves disease and is more commonly seen in women than men.Typically, it presents during the third or fourth decade of life. Differential diagnoses include but are not limited to stasis dermatitis, hypertrophic lichen …