Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Education For Primary Care Providers On Advance Care Planning: A Systematic Literature Review, Lindsey Ward

DNP Qualifying Manuscripts

Background: Healthcare providers in primary care treat patients at various stages of life. As patients age, it becomes necessary for providers to support their older patients throughout the aging process and address patient care even into life’s end stages. Primary care providers (PCPs) are well-positioned to provide this support and can do so through incorporating end-of-life (EOL) conversations in practice. Such discussions are called advance care planning (ACP). Though PCPs can play a crucial role in their patients’ EOL care decisions, providers report their limited knowledge of ACP as a barrier to its application.Consequently, further education for providers on utilizing …

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound For The Diagnosis Of Frequent Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review, Ernesto Calderon Martinez, Edna Diarte, Diana Othon, Leonardo Rodriguez Reyes, Daniel A. Aguirre Cano, Carolina Cantu Navarro, Maria G. Ycaza, David Arriaga Escamilla, Jinal Choudhari, George Michel

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has emerged as an indispensable diagnostic tool in cardiology, particularly within the emergency department. This narrative synthesis provides a comprehensive exploration of POCUS applications in cardiovascular diseases, elucidating its multifaceted roles and addressing challenges. The review delves into the technical attributes of POCUS, emphasizing its noninvasive nature, radiation-free qualities, and suitability for non-radiologists. It navigates through educational strategies, stressing the importance of structured programs for the seamless integration of POCUS into clinical practice. Highlighting its efficacy, the synthesis discusses POCUS applications in various scenarios such as dyspnea, chest pain, cardiac arrest, aortic dissection, pericardial effusion, and pulmonary …

The Role Of The Nurse In The Management Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Narrative Review, Luigi Ruggiero, Vincenzo Andretta, Carlo Soldaini, Ivan Fricano, Marco Mancusi, Annamaria Sellitti, Josephine Vastarella, Antonella Santonicola

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

rritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by chronic symptoms of abdominal pain in association with changes in bowel habits. Abdominal pain is the most debilitating symptom for IBS patients, and its management is one of the greatest challenges for gastroenterologists. In recent years more evidence has arisen about an increasingly central role of the nurse in the management of gastrointestinal diseases including IBS. The aim of this narrative review is to analyse the latest evidence on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of IBS patients with a specific focus on the role of the nurse in its management.

Determinants Of Immunization In Polio Super High-Risk Union Councils Of Pakistan, Ahmad Khan, Imtiaz Hussain, Dale A. Rhoda, Muhammad Umer, Uzair Ansari, Imran Ahmed, Caitlin Clary, Rana Muhammad Safdar, Sajid Bashir Soofi

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: The current polio epidemiology in Pakistan poses a unique challenge for global eradication as the country is affected by ongoing endemic poliovirus transmission. Across the country, 40 union councils (UCs) which serve as core reservoirs for poliovirus with continuous incidences of polio cases are categorized as super-high-risk union councils (SHRUCs).
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 39 SHRUCs using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. 6,976 children aged 12-23 months were covered. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using STATA version 17.
Results: Based on both vaccination records and recall, 48.3% of children …

Hormone Replacement Therapy Is Associated With Disease Activity Improvement Among Post-Menopausal Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Morgan Freeman, Lauren Lally, Levi Teigen, Elliot Graziano, Raina Shivashankar, Eugenia Shmidt

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

(1) Background: There are limited data available to guide clinical decision-making regarding the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in post-menopausal women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we sought to characterize a population of post-menopausal women with IBD and to determine the effects of HRT on their disease activity. (2) Methods: A multicenter, retrospective, case–control cohort study of post-menopausal women with IBD was conducted. The physician global assessment (PGA) score was used to quantify disease activity. To control for the effects of menopause, IBD patients who had not undergone HRT were used as controls. (3) Results: There …

Systematic Development Of Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles For Placental Mrna Delivery Using A Design Of Experiments Approach, Rachel E. Young, Katherine Nelson, Samuel I. Hofbauer, Tara Vijayakumar, Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh, Drew Weissman, Charalampos Papachristou, Jason P Gleghorn, Rachel S. Riley

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Faculty Scholarship

Ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have gained attention as mRNA delivery platforms for vaccination against COVID-19 and for protein replacement therapies. LNPs enhance mRNA stability, circulation time, cellular uptake, and preferential delivery to specific tissues compared to mRNA with no carrier platform. However, LNPs are only in the beginning stages of development for safe and effective mRNA delivery to the placenta to treat placental dysfunction. Here, we develop LNPs that enable high levels of mRNA delivery to trophoblasts in vitro and to the placenta in vivo with no toxicity. We conducted a Design of Experiments to explore how LNP composition, including …

Combined Risk Based Inspection And Fault Tree Analysis For Repetitive 3-Phase Line Piping Leakage At West Java Offshore Topside Facility, Dona Yuliati, Akhmad Herman Yuwono, Datu Rizal Asral, Donanta Dhaneswara

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Hydrocarbon releases might result in serious consequences in various aspects. In addition to the contribution to environmental pollution, repetitive leakages need high repair costs. This study aim is to minimize potential repetitive leakage for other typical 3-phase piping systems. We conducted the risk assessment by adopting Risk Based Inspection (RBI) API 581 to identify risk level, calculating piping lifetime, recommended inspection plan and mitigations. The most relevant root causes can be obtained through quantitative Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Observation and investigation was taken from eight 3-phase piping systems that experienced repetitive leakages. It has been found that the risk level …

Nitrogen Gas Quenching Pressure Effect On Bs S155 Alloy Steel In Vacuum Furnace, Agus Mulyadi Hasanudin, Eddy Sumarno Siradj

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The production of metal and alloy products requires the use of heat treatment, when during the heat treatment process, quenching is a crucial step. The quenching medium can be anything from water, a salt bath, oil, air and gas. In a vacuum furnace, pressurized gas, most frequently nitrogen (N₂) gas, serves as one of the quenching mediums. One of the drawbacks of the quenching process is the distortion and dimensional change of the parts. This paper aims to investigate the influence of nitrogen gas quenching pressure on the distortion and dimensional change of aerospace actuator gear planet parts …

What Now: The Role Of Attitude And Communicative Actions When Making Decisions During A Disease Crisis, Ashley Mcleod-Morin, Lauri Baker, Angela B. Lindsey, Lisa K. Lundy, Ricky Telg

Journal of Applied Communications

During a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations often communicate about a risk to encourage people to take particular protective actions, and the decision-making process about protective actions can be especially complex. It is important to determine how organizations can encourage specific behaviors and, as such, this study sought to investigate how attitudes and communicative actions influenced behavior related to recommendations from the CDC during the COVID-19 pandemic. To address the purpose of this study, an online quantitative survey was distributed to United States residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from this study reveal that attitude and transmission and …

Variables Affecting The Extraction Of Antioxidants In Cold And Hot Brew Coffee: A Review, Brian Yust, Frank Wilkinson, Niny Rao

College of Life Sciences Faculty Papers

Coffee beans are a readily available, abundant source of antioxidants used worldwide. With the increasing interest in and consumption of coffee beverages globally, research into the production, preparation, and chemical profile of coffee has also increased in recent years. A wide range of variables such as roasting temperature, coffee grind size, brewing temperature, and brewing duration can have a significant impact on the extractable antioxidant content of coffee products. While there is no single standard method for measuring all of the antioxidants found in coffee, multiple methods which introduce the coffee product to a target molecule or reagent can be …

Nonpharmacological Pain Management Methods Used By Post-Operative Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study, Senay Karadag Arli

Journal of Perioperative Nursing

Objectives: Surgical patients use many nonpharmacological methods to manage pain after surgery. Knowing these methods and relieving the patient’s surgical pain will increase the quality of care. This study aims to examine the nonpharmacological pain management methods used by surgical patients and identify significant relationships between gender and participants’ clinical characteristics.

Method: The study was conducted using a cross-sectional and descriptive design with the participation of 225 patients in a public hospital in eastern Turkey. Data collection was done using the patient identification and clinical characteristics form. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used in the analysis of the data. …

The Function Of Ask1 In Sepsis And Stress-Induced Disorders, John Kostyak, Steven Mckenzie, Ulhas Naik

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a serine-threonine kinase that is ubiquitously expressed in nucleated cells and is responsible for the activation of multiple mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) to regulate cell stress. Activation of ASK1 via cellular stress leads to activation of downstream signaling components, activation of transcription factors, and proinflammatory cytokine production. ASK1 is also expressed in anucleate platelets and is a key player in platelet activation as it is important for signaling. Interestingly, the mechanism of ASK1 activation is cell type-dependent. In this review we will explore how ASK1 regulates a variety of cellular processes from innate immune …

Safety And Efficacy Of Ixoberogene Soroparvovec In Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration In The United States (Optic): A Prospective, Two-Year, Multicentre Phase 1 Study, Arshad M. Khanani, David S. Boyer, Charles C. Wykoff, Carl D. Regillo, Brandon G. Busbee, Dante Pieramici, Carl J. Danzig, Brian C. Joondeph, James C. Major, Adam Turpcu, Szilárd Kiss

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Background

Gene therapy, successfully used in rare, monogenetic disorders, may prove to be a durable management approach for common, polygenetic conditions, including neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Repeated injections, oftentimes monthly, and possibly for decades, of vascular endothelial growth factor antagonists (anti-VEGF), is the standard for nAMD. We hypothesised that an in-office, intravitreal administration of ixoberogene soroparvovec (ixo-vec, formerly ADVM-022), a single-dose gene therapy encoding for the proven anti-VEGF protein, aflibercept, would transform retinal cells to continually produce aflibercept to minimise treatment burden in nAMD.

Methods

In this two-year, open-label, prospective, multicentre phase 1 study, patients with nAMD responding to …

Cohesion: A Core Outcome Set For The Treatment Of Neonatal Encephalopathy, Fiona A. Quirke, Shabina Ariff, Malcolm R. Battin, Caitlin Bernard, Linda Biesty, Frank H. Bloomfield, Mandy Daly, Elaine Finucane, Maira Niaz, Farhana Tabassum

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Heterogeneity in outcomes reported in trials of interventions for the treatment of neonatal encephalopathy (NE) makes evaluating the effectiveness of treatments difficult. Developing a core outcome set for NE treatment would enable researchers to measure and report the same outcomes in future trials. This would minimise waste, ensure relevant outcomes are measured and enable evidence synthesis. Therefore, we aimed to develop a core outcome set for treating NE.
Methods: Outcomes identified from a systematic review of the literature and interviews with parents were prioritised by stakeholders (n = 99 parents/caregivers, n = 101 healthcare providers, and n = 22 …

Effectiveness And Safety Of Different Estradiol Regimens In Transgender Women (Treat Study): Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Samuel Cortez, Dominic Moog, Christopher Lewis, Kelley Williams, Cynthia Herrick, Melanie Fields, Teddi Gray, Zhaohua Guo, Ginger Nicol, Thomas Baranski

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Current guidelines for gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) for transgender women are mostly based on clinical experience from experts in the field and treatments used on postmenopausal women. While care is currently provided with the best available evidence, there is a critical gap in knowledge about the safest and most effective estradiol routes of administration for GAHT in transgender women; this statement is supported by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health on their Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, version 8. Furthermore, the reported rates of cardiometabolic adverse events in transgender women highlight …

Leveraging Mhealth To Mitigate The Impact Of Covid-19 In Black American Communities: Qualitative Analysis, Kelly M Harris, Tilicia Mayo Gamble, Madelyn G Yoo, Lindsay A Spell, Timira N Minor, Holly Jones, Donald Lynch

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 remains an ongoing public health crisis. Black Americans remain underrepresented among those vaccinated and overrepresented in both COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Medical misinformation, specifically related to COVID-19, has exacerbated the impact of the disease in Black American communities. Communication tools and strategies to build relationships and disseminate credible and trustworthy diagnostic and preventative health information are necessary to improve outcomes and equity for historically oppressed populations.

OBJECTIVE: As the initial phase of a larger mixed methods project to develop, pilot, and evaluate a mobile health (mHealth) intervention among a population at high risk for COVID-19 and cardiovascular comorbidities, …

Technology And Mental Health Counseling, Hanna Cespedes, Elizabeth Robey, Tyler Wilkinson

Journal of Technology in Counselor Education and Supervision

The use of technology in the field of mental health has been an increasing interest of study and utilization in recent years, especially during and after the Covid 19 pandemic in which social distancing practices were encouraged to limit the spread of the virus. During this time, the use of technology for health-related appointments became vital as many offices shut down and/ or had limited in-person access. Furthermore, technology has already been integrated and researched significantly in other areas of the healthcare fields such as psychiatry and nursing. However, there is a lack of understanding of the role of technology …

Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Marketing Of Education, Shreekant Joag

Journal of Global Awareness

The COVID-19 pandemic forced many schools to partially or totally switch to remote communication methods for delivering education in the years 2020-2021. It is believed that forced compliance with unfamiliar and even unpreferred modes of behavior can have a profound and lasting impact on people’s attitudes and opinions toward the behavior itself because of first-hand exposure and experience. It is, therefore, possible that this experience with remote teaching and learning could have materially changed both instructors’ as well as students’ attitudes toward remote delivery of education. Such changed attitudes may predict their future choices and behavior.

This paper will present …

Effect Of Covid-19 On Food Pricing And Coping Strategies Among Households In Kakamega County Kenya, Angela Mungai

Journal of Global Awareness

Food price shocks exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic have the potential to threaten food security, especially among low-income households. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of COVID-19 on food prices and the coping strategies of households in Malava and Lurambi Sub-Counties of Kakamega County, Kenya. The researchers adopted a descriptive survey design for this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed using KoBo Collect and synchronized to the Open Data Kit (ODK) server and used to collect data from a sample size of 200 households. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 26 to …

Navigating Transitions: Cranialsacral Therapy, Occupational Therapy And Neuroregulation Strategies For Adjusting To A New Home, Carol J. Reshan

Journal of Transformative Touch

Report of working with a hyper-vigilant 9-year-old male with difficulty handling a transition to a new home. CST and sensory processing enhancement were utilized to help develop neuroregulation, enabling self-awareness, self-regulation, and personally directed life skills for maintaining a safe and alert state.

Role Of Norepinephrine Infusion In Preventing Hypotension During Spinal Anaesthesia For Caesarean Delivery, Mostafa Saieed Mansour, Khalid Mahmoud Abo Elenin, Mai Adel, Zeinab Kasemy, Abd-Elazeem Elbakry

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objectives: The current study was designed to evaluate the role of norepinephrine infusion in maintaining hemodynamics stable in patients undergoing caesarean section Background: Hypotension commonly occurred after spinal anaesthesia and this is caused by sympathetic system inhibition. Methods: Forty female patients undergoing caesarean section were divided into two groups. Group 1 received norepinephrine infusion and group 2 received bolus norepinephrine. Blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac index, stroke volume and systemic vascular resistance were recorded as a baseline and every 10 minutes after intrathecal injection. Results: The mean arterial blood pressure showed a significant reduction in group 2 compared to group …

Short Term Results Of Coiling Embolization Of Peripheral Arteriovenous Malformations, Abd El-Moniem Farid, Yehia Elkhatib, Fawzi Abobakr, Mahmoud Said

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the short-term outcomes and procedure-related complications in AVM patients treated with endovascular coiling. Background: Peripheral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) one of the most challenging among the various congenital vascular malformations to be treated. The Schobinger staging system is currently used to classify AVMs based on their clinical presentation. The best way to treat each AVM on a case-by-case basis, depending on AVM location and classification, on top of that, there is no consolidated agreement on the methods of treatment of AVMs. Methods: Fifty patients were involved in this clinical prospective study, diagnosed as peripheral AVM by several diagnostic …

Introduction To The Special Issue On Artificial Intelligence In Counselor Education And Supervision, Russell Fulmer, Wendell Callahan, Olivia Uwamahoro Williams

Journal of Technology in Counselor Education and Supervision

No abstract provided.

Counseling And Artificial Intelligence: Forging A Path Forward (Commentary), Russell Fulmer

Journal of Technology in Counselor Education and Supervision

The thesis of this editorial is twofold. First, counselors should work with Artificial Intelligence (AI), and AI should work with counseling. Second, counselors should increase their involvement with, essentially, all things AI. Counseling should forge a path forward with artificial intelligence. This editorial is a bit premature for pragmatists. Where is artificial intelligence (AI) in mental health? The answer is seemingly a paradox, everywhere yet nowhere. Everywhere, through AI subfields like machine learning, natural language processing applications, chatbots, and the myriad ways that large language models find correlations in data hidden from the human eye. Also, AI is nowhere to …

Using Ai-Supported Supervision In A University Telemental Health Training Clinic, Donna Sheperis, Shiri Sadeh-Sharvit

Journal of Technology in Counselor Education and Supervision

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have the potential of transforming clinical education and supervision in university-based telemental health training clinics. AI can improve the accuracy of diagnoses, automate routine tasks, and personalize treatment plans, potentially enhancing the accessibility and quality of mental health care. In this paper, we describe why training clinics serve as an optimal setting to adopt innovation and share lessons from the field to inform future integrations of AI in clinical supervision. The lessons include support for case conceptualization, feedback on session quality, and automation of routine tasks such as sending standardized assessments and writing progress notes. However, …

Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Reality, And Augmented Reality In Counseling: Distinctions, Evidence, And Research Considerations, Sidney Shaw, Sophie Oswin, Yue Xi, Fallon Calandriello, Russell Fulmer

Journal of Technology in Counselor Education and Supervision

Technology is experiencing a growing presence in counseling and mental health, attracting attention from counselors, researchers, and the general public. This growth has the potential to change counseling practice, counselor education, and how users access mental health services. In this article we provide definitions of and distinctions between three common technologies that are used in the counseling field—Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Reality, and Augmented Reality. We also provide examples of the use of each technology, ethical implications, research support, and recommendations for future research.

Artificial Intelligence For Mental Health Support During Covid-19: Experiences Of Graduate Counseling Students, Russell Fulmer, Eric T. Beeson, Carl Sheperis, Daniel Rosello, Rebecca Edelman

Journal of Technology in Counselor Education and Supervision

The purpose of this study was to examine how an AI chatbot could provide mental health support to counselors-in-training during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chatbot “Tess” was available to participants for two weeks. Participants responded to questions about their experience and the content of this qualitative data was analyzed. Themes emerged that focused on mental health during the pandemic, utility of the AI chatbot during the pandemic, and potential therapeutic use in general. Findings were mixed and suggest some skepticism among counseling students towards the use of an AI chatbot.

27-Hydroxycholesterol And Dna Damage Repair: Implication In Prostate Cancer, Gloria Cecilia Galvan, Nadine Friedrich, Sanjay Das, James Daniels, Sara Pollan, Shweta Dambal, Ryusuke Suzuki, Sergio Sanders, Sungyong You, Hisashi Tanaka, Yeon-Joo Lee, Wei Yuan, Johann De Bono, Irina Vasilevskaya, Karen Knudsen, Michael Freeman, Stephen Freedland

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: We previously reported that cholesterol homeostasis in prostate cancer (PC) is regulated by 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) and that CYP27A1, the enzyme that converts cholesterol to 27HC, is frequently lost in PCs. We observed that restoring the CYP27A1/27HC axis inhibited PC growth. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of 27HC-mediated anti-PC effects.

METHODS: We employed in vitro models and human transcriptomics data to investigate 27HC mechanism of action in PC. LNCaP (AR+) and DU145 (AR-) cells were treated with 27HC or vehicle. Transcriptome profiling was performed using the Affymetrix GeneChip™ microarray system. Differential expression was determined, and gene set enrichment …

Olanzapine Pharmacokinetics: A Clinical Review Of Current Insights And Remaining Questions, Priyanka Kolli, Grace Kelley, Marianela Rosales, Justin Faden, Ryan Serdenes

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

Olanzapine is one of the most widely used antipsychotics since its initial approval by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1996 and has undergone extensive pharmacokinetic study. Despite being utilized in clinical psychiatry for decades, there remain questions regarding the variety of available formulations, the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring, altered kinetic properties in special populations/medical illnesses, the use of high-dose olanzapine, and drug interactions, among many others. We performed a narrative literature review of olanzapine pharmacokinetics in June 2023 using the US National Library of Medicine's PubMed.gov resource (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed) and Google Scholar. Herein, we review clinically relevant aspects …

Abdominal Volume Index, Waist-To-Height Ratio, And Waist Circumference Are Optimal Predictors Of Cardiometabolic Abnormalities In A Sample Of Lebanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Myriam Abboud, Suzan Haidar, Nadine Mahboub, Dimitrios Papandreou, Rana Rizk

All Works

The prevalence of cardiometabolic abnormalities is high globally. This is concerning since these abnormalities increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Using noninvasive, low-cost, and ethnic-specific anthropometric indices is crucial for widespread screening and early detection of cardiometabolic abnormalities. In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 221 Lebanese participants (62.9% females; mean age: 43.36 ± 16.05 years; mean body mass index (BMI): 28.43 ± 6.10 Kg/m2). The main outcome measure was cardiometabolic abnormality (CMA), defined as the presence of at least two or more non-anthropometric components of the Metabolic Syndrome. Several anthropometric indices: Total body fat percent, Conicity index, Abdominal volume …