Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Natural Killer Cell Effector Function Is Critical For Host Defense Against Alcohol-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia, Daniel Villageliu, Kelly C. Cunningham, Deandra R. Smith, Daren L. Knoell, Mason Mandolfo, Todd A. Wyatt, Derrick R. Samuelson

Journal Articles: Internal Medicine

Alcohol use is an independent risk factor for the development of bacterial pneumonia due, in part, to impaired mucus-facilitated clearance, macrophage phagocytosis, and recruitment of neutrophils. Alcohol consumption is also known to reduce peripheral natural killer (NK) cell numbers and compromise NK cell cytolytic activity, especially NK cells with a mature phenotype. However, the role of innate lymphocytes, such as NK cells during host defense against alcohol-associated bacterial pneumonia is essentially unknown. We have previously shown that indole supplementation mitigates increases in pulmonary bacterial burden and improves pulmonary NK cell recruitment in alcohol-fed mice, which were dependent on aryl hydrocarbon …

How To Create This Gynecological Task Trainer, Jami Monico, Karen S. Carlson

Posters and Presentations: Obsetrics & Gynecology

This document contains instructions for how to create a gynecological task trainer with a 3D-printed uterus and silicone cervix.

Sustainable Additive Manufacturing Of Polysulfone Membranes For Liquid Separations, Brian Leonard, Harrison Loh, David Lu, Ebuka A. Ogbuoji, Isabel Escobar, Konstantinos Sierros, Oishi Sanyal

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Membranes serve as important components for modern manufacturing and purification processes but are conventionally associated with excessive solvent usage. Here, for the first time, a procedure for fabricating large area polysulfone membranes is demonstrated via the combination of direct ink writing (DIW) with non-solvent induced phase inversion (NIPS). The superior control and precision of this process allows for complete utilization of the polymer dope solution during membrane fabrication, thus enabling a significant reduction in material usage. Compared to doctor blade fabrication, a 63% reduction in dope solution volume was achieved using the DIW technique for fabricating similarly sized membranes. Cross …

Temperature-Dependent Stress–Strain Behavior Of Amorphous And Crystalline P3ht, Kehinde H. Fagbohungbe, Connor P. Callaway, Chad Risko

UK CARES Faculty Publications

The scalable commercialization of organic electronics wherein p-conjugated polymers serve as the semiconductors hinges on precise control of the material electronic, redox, optical, and mechanical properties, which are each highly influenced by local and long-range morphology. Here, we undertake atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at three temperatures (150 K, 300 K, and 400 K) to assess the morphological and mechanical response of bulk poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), a representative homopolymer of interest as an organic semiconductor (OS). As P3HT is a semicrystalline polymer, we characterize mechanical properties for both amorphous and crystalline P3HT models to derive insights into structure–property relationships, including Young’s …

Geospatial Hotspots And Coldspots In Us Cancer Disparities And Associated Risk Factors, 2004-2008 To 2014-2018, Lei Guo, M. Courtney Hughes, Margaret E. Wright, Alyssa H. Harris, Meredith C. Osias

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Introduction

Despite declining cancer death rates in the US, cancer remains the second deadliest disease and disparities persist. Although research has focused on identifying risk factors for cancer deaths and associated disparities, few studies have examined how these relationships vary over time and space. The primary objective of this study was to identify cancer mortality hot spots and cold spots — areas where cancer death rates decreased less than or more than neighboring areas over time. A secondary objective was to identify risk factors of cancer mortality hot spots and cold spots.

Methods

We analyzed county-level cancer death rates from …

Clinical Characteristics And Outcomes Of Patients With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension In East Africa: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Zian Muikamba

Master of Internal Medicine

Introduction; Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological condition characterized by elevated intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure without demonstratable evident causes. The mechanisms leading to a particular predilection for women of childbearing age who are overweight and obese or who have recent rapid weight changes remain imprecisely described. The Modified Dandy criteria is used for diagnosis and includes-clinical symptoms, papilledema, lumbar puncture (LP) opening pressure, and neuroimaging. If undiagnosed, it can progress to disabling irreversible visual loss. Weight loss is useful in addition to medical therapy in treating the condition. Data in Sub-Saharan Africa is scarce.

Methods; This study described …

Mandatory Second Opinion To Reduce Caesarean Section Rate Among Low-Risk Pregnant Women At A Private Tertiary Hospital: An Analysis Using Who Robson Classification., Gregory Ntiyakunze

Master of Obstetrics and Gynecology

v> The caesarean section rate has increased globally, even among low-risk obstetric deliveries. Consequently, mothers and babies are exposed to potential complications associated with caesarean sections. Therefore, the World Health Organization has introduced measures to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections, including a globally accepted classification system for all deliveries Robson's system and recommended safe non-medical interventions, such as mandatory second opinions prior to caesarean sections

Knowledge And Perception Of Hand Hygiene And Associated Factors Among Final Year Medical And Nursing Students In Dar Es Salaam Tanzania, Anthony Baltazary Ngowi

Master of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hand hygiene, when practiced correctly and consistently is a simple and effective

method to prevent healthcare associated infections. These infections are acquired during a patients’ hospital stay and pose a major worldwide public health problem. The knowledge and practices related to hand hygiene among health workers need to be instilled early on during their training to develop a culture of correct and consistent practice. Existing literature has explored hand hygiene among health workers but very few studies have looked at it amongst medical and nursing students, who are the healthcare workers of tomorrow. This study aimed to assess hand hygiene …

Challenges In Post Graduate General Surgery Training In Tanzania: A Trainee’S Perspective, Shabbir Adamjee

Master of Surgery

v>

General Surgery residency training is a complex vigorous program which includes long working hours and complex surgical cases, in order to develop and attain the knowledge and the skills the trainee needs by the end of the program. Worldwide, general surgery programs have high attrition rates and residents have identified challenges which may be work related, related to social wellbeing and/or the residency program structure. Tanzania has public and private institutions providing general surgery residency training and although most have a quality assessment program the data is not readily available. Each institution has its personalized curriculum with its unique …

Microbial Profile And Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns Of Surgical Intra-Abdominal Infections At A Tertiary Hospital In Tanzania A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Abduel Julius Kitua

Master of Surgery

v>

Among infections of surgical importance, intra-abdominal infections prevail among the most common in surgical patients with considerable morbidity and mortality. The ever-rising microbial resistance to commonly available antibiotics and geographical variations in microbial profile and resistance patterns poses a challenge to the management of these surgical infections of abdominal origin. The aim of this study was to evaluate microbiological characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of isolates from intra-abdominal infections at a tertiary hospital in Tanzania and how these influence early treatment outcomes.

Factors Associated With Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations Among Plhiv Failing To Achieve Virological Suppression On Second Line Treatment In Tanzania., Mabula M. Mabelele

Master of Internal Medicine

v> Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a major public health problem affecting an estimated 38.4 million people globally, with the (54%) of them being from the Eastern and Southern African regions. Despite progress in the availability of multiple classes of antiretroviral drugs and early initiation of treatment with cART, many patients still fail therapy in the first and second-line regimens due to drug resistance driven by continuous acquisition of drug resistance mutation (DRMs). DRMs are high among adults failing treatment regimens, ranging between 50-97%.

Nursing News & Views - January 2024, Joanne Miller Rn

Nursing Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Rare Presentation Of Metastatic Choriocarcinoma, Abneris Rivera, Rohit Reddy, Madison Groom, Gerard Dichiara

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Beyond The Bruise/Swelling And Ear-Resistible Issues: Exploring The Etiology, Management, And Complications Of Auricular Hematoma, Jenny Tran, Annette Santiago

East Florida Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Adrenal Burnout: Unpacking Glucocorticoid-Induced Adrenal Insufficiency, Dana Kajan, Dolly Tailor, Uppal Navpreet, Jenna Thomas, Mohamad Saad

East Florida Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Gastric Pneumatosis In A Trauma Patient With Gerd, Cyprien Jungels, Tyler Crawley, Michael Fisher, Glenda Quan

Continental, MidAmerica, & Mountain Divisions GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Cardiac Neuroendocrine Function: A New Opportunity For Targeted Chronic Therapies, Jacob Keesee, Rami Khouzam

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Bullet Embolization And Its Management, Emily Clifton, William Clifton, Chase Tenewitz, David Kupshik, Michael Jones

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

A Pediatric Patient With Severe Malaria Successfully Treated With Artesunate, Aoife Schanche, Annabel Ward, Ricardo Zegarra-Linares

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Prevalence, Predictors And Outcomes Of Prolonged Length Of Stay Among Patients Admitted Under Internal Medicine In Hca Florida West Hospital: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Sushil Rayamajhi, Anil Harrison, Jun Yoo

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Never Admit Or Release Without Considering A Narcan Script (Narcan), Farid Mughni, Mustafa Ibrahim, Dante Janolo, Samuel Ramos, Emma Rivas, Olga Karasik

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Case Study: Calcific Tendinitis Disguised As Retropharyngeal Abscess In 34-Year-Old Female, Brandon Nielsen, Oluyemi Omotoso

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Distribution Of Epidemiological Characteristics Of Low Back Pain Patients Attending To Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Khadija Kamil Salman, Ali Hussein. Al-Hafid, Shatha Ahmed Mohammed Ali

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a very common health problem worldwide especially in the low and middle-income countries. The LBP may be acute or chronic in nature caused by several medical conditions. The majority of acute low back pain is mechanical in nature due to sprains and strains. Chronic LBP, on the other hand, is most commonly attributed to sciatica, which a radiculopathy condition caused by compression, inflammation and/or injury to the spinal nerve roots. Aims of study: To study epidemiological features of low back pain. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 440 individuals diagnosed with …

Comparison Between Crp Level And Some Biochemical Parameters In Hashimoto And Hypothyroidism Iraqi Patients, Shahad Muthanna Abdulsattar, Ahmed Salem Mohammed, Susan Ahmed Zwyea

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common medical condition that occurs due to a lack of the hormone thyroxine. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most prevalent thyroid disorder, also known as autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Approximately 20-30% of people develop hypothyroidism due to ongoing inflammation of the thyroid tissue it triggers. Aims: To investigate the difference between inflammatory and biochemical test in Hashimoto autoimmune thyroiditis (AITD) and hypothyroidism patients (non-autoimmune) Methods: The study was done on 50 Hashimotos patients, 50 Hypothyroidism patients from the Endocrinology Unit at Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Educational Laboratories / Baghdad City, Iraq, and 50 control healthy …

Heartsmart: App-Based Implementation For Women With Cardiovascular Diseases, Briana Alfaro-Funes, Camilo Peña, Chelsea Vasquez, Folasade Jackson, Nicholas Williams

DC Health and Academic Prep Program (DC HAPP)

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for women in the United States, at a rate of 1 in every 5 female deaths. In the United States about 35% of women have an illness related to CVD like hypertension, lack of physical , and high blood cholesterol level. Since 1984, the number of deaths of women caused by CVD has surpassed the number of deaths in men as women makeup 52.6% of the total number of deaths caused by CVD in the United States (Zhang, 2010). There are many factors like oral contraceptives and menopause that can put women …

Ordinal Logistic Regression Exploring The Influence Of Admission And Discharge Policies On Resident Departures From Assisted Living Facilities, Samson Ebai Awoh

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This study examines the influence of admission and discharge policies on the number of resident move-outs from assisted living facilities (ALFs). Using a cross-sectional quantitative design, data from the 2010 National Survey of Residential Care Facilities (NSRCF) were analyzed to explore the relationship between these policies and resident departures. The study controlled for various facility factors, including facility size, occupancy rate, chain ownership, ownership type, years in operation, Medicaid certification, number of resident deaths, number of RNs, LPNs or LVNs, and aides employed by the facility, meal policies, and the percentage of residents aged 85 or older. The significance level …

Outcomes Of The Nurosleeve And Occupational Ther E And Occupational Therapy On Upper Y On Upper Limb Function Of An Individual With Chronic Hemiparesis Following A Stroke: A Case Report, Nicole M. Gerhardt, Jeremy P. Armstrong, Mijail D. Serruya, Mj Mulcahey

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Background: Upper limb neuromuscular impairments can adversely impact function. This case report investigates the process and outcomes of occupational therapy (OT) for training in the use of the NuroSleeve, a novel research-grade exoskeletal powered orthosis, with a participant with chronic right hemiparesis following a stroke.

Method: The participant engaged in 24 OT sessions using the NuroSleeve over 10 weeks. Therapeutic interventions included neuromuscular reeducation, device management, and engagement in occupationbased activities with training to use the NuroSleeve. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), ABILHAND, Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Upper Extremity Short Form 7a (PROMIS UE SF), Action Research …

Melanosome Maturation Defects In Tyrosinase Deficient Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium, Charles Deyoung, Aman George, Brian P. Brooks

Alpha Omega Alpha Research Symposium Posters

Purpose

• Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A (OCA1A) = recessive genetic condition caused by mutations in TYROSINASE
• Created in vitro disease model for OCA1A using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)
• Role of autophagy (Fig. 2) in melanosome degradation and melanosomal trafficking
• Aim to investigate whether loss of melanosomes in OCA1A-iRPE might impact autophagy

The Effectiveness Of Jeffwlp For Weight Loss And General Nutritional Knowledge In Obese Patients, Scott Kozarsky, Ba, Olivia Ackley, Bs, Cynthia Cheng, Md, Phd

Alpha Omega Alpha Research Symposium Posters

PURPOSE: The increasing prevalence of obesity urgently requires effective management strategies. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Jefferson Weight Loss Program (JeffWLP), a trained medical student-delivered health education program in a predominantly African-American patient cohort.

METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was performed enrolling 30 patients with an average socioeconomic status of 5.8 (10 maximum). The intervention group (n=18) completed JeffWLP, a low-cost, 12-week health coaching program combining education sessions with graded step exercises. The control group (n=12) received usual care. Mean baseline age, BMI, and General Nutritional Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ) scores were: 46±13 years, 38±5, and 14.7±1.9 (maximum score=17) respectively. …

Emotional Stressors Faced By Medical Students Expressed Using Cartoons: A Qualitative Study, Casey Fishman, Ba, Justin Do, Bs, Fred W. Markham Jr., Md

Alpha Omega Alpha Research Symposium Posters

Purpose: Empathy, a fundamental pillar of medicine, has been shown to decrease in medical school. Increased stress is linked to decreased empathy, but specific stressors remain unclear. The goal of this study was to qualitatively explore specific stressors among third year medical students.

Methods: Third year medical students (n=248) participated in Reflection Rounds with a clinician and a member of pastoral care at Thomas Jefferson University and in their final sessions created a cartoon to express sentiments surrounding medicine. Qualitative analysis of the cartoons was conducted on both the images and text. Common themes were identified from the students’ …