Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A73: Associations Of Screen Time Changes With Body Mass Index And Obesity In Chinese Preschoolers, Sunyue Ye

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: To understand the longitudinal association of screen time (ST) and its changes on body mass index (BMI) and obesity in Chinese preschool children. Methods: Parents of 735 preschoolers participated in our studies at baseline and were followed up one year interval, in Jiaxing, China. Linear regression models and generalized linear models were used to analyze the prospective association of ST and its changes with BMI and obesity in preschool-aged children. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to describe the effect level of each factor upon BMI and obesity at follow-up. Results: A total of 624 …

A112: Effects Of Healthy Physical Education Curriculum Model Of China On Student Physical Fitness: A Meta-Analysis, Jiacheng Tang, Haohui Liu, Zhihua Yin, Sixian Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The development of Healthy Physical Education Curriculum Model of China (HPE-C) was aimed for students’ physical and mental health. Some studies have proved that the application of HPE-C can effectively improve Chinese primary and secondary school students' physical fitness. However, the results of these studies were not uniform due to the differences in intervention methods, experimental periods, and regions. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to specifically synthesize the evidence for HPE-C for Chinese primary and secondary school students’ physical fitness. Methods: An extensive online search, utilizing keywords such as 'Healthy Physical Education Curriculum Model of China,' 'Primary …

A114: Promoting Exercise Behavior For College Students By Compensating Intervention Of Beliefs, Mengqi Wang, Dong Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Compensatory Health Beliefs (CHBs) are essential to resolving the motivational conflicts between the desired and healthy goal in college students. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework is used to design a multidimensional training model, which compensates belief as a mediator, to research the influence of belief intervention compensation on promoting right exercise cognitive and behavior in college students. The purpose of this study was to discover whether this training model is able to inspire college students to attend exercise more effectively. Methods: A cohort of 218 college students from Guangzhou were involved in the research (20.04±1.5). The objects were …

A115: Revision Of The Chinese Version Of Physical Self-Description Questionnaire-Short For Middle School Students, Ruijin Wang, Xiaoling Yang, Liu Ji

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The Physical Self-Description Questionnaire -Short (PSDQ-S) is one of the world's recognized effective tools for measuring Physical Self-Concept (PSC). However, Latent profile analysis of the physical self-description among Chinese adolescents only supported the 3-dimensional model of PSDQ-S, that is, it could only distinguish the Physical Activity (PA), Appearance, and Body Fat of Chinese children and adolescents, but could not effectively distinguish the 8 dimensions of Coordination, Flexibility, Strength, Endurance, Sport, Global Physical, Health, and Global Esteem. It cannot meet the needs of PSC measurement in the field of sports psychology in China. The purpose of this study was to …

A135: Challenges And Strategies Of Physical Fitness Course In Primary And Middle Schools, Yuxiao Lian, Haohui Liu, Zhihua Yin

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Developing students’ overall competencies and physical health is an important goal of physical education and health curriculum (PEHC). PEHC Standards for Compulsory Education (2022) and PEHC Standards for Senior High Schools (2017) both designate Physical Fitness as a required course to achieve this goal. To date, it’s not clear about how the course has been implemented and its effectiveness. Therefore, this study was to identify problems associated with teaching Physical Fitness courses in primary and middle schools in China and to propose strategies for an improved implementation. Methods: First, the literature from CNKI, East China Normal University Library was …

A140: Comparing Perceived Exercise Benefits Between Exercising And Non-Exercising College Students, Yanli Pang, Cunnian Xia, Yue Xia

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Regular exercise leads to physiological and psychological benefits. University is a key venue to promote physical activity behavior in young adults. However, it is reported nearly 50% Chinese college students are not reaping the benefits due to insufficient amount of exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate what challenges prevent college students from exercising. Thus, this study was to assess perceived exercise benefits and barriers in Chinese college students and compare the differences between students do exercise and who do not. Methods: The Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS) was used to examine perceived benefits and barriers in 118 non-exercising and …

A108: Mood State Of The University Students During The Covid-19 And Its Influencing Factors: A Longitudinal Analysis Based On Three-Year Data, Liqiang Zhang, Huina Gao, Xiaozan Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Employing a stratified random sampling approach, we conducted an investigation into the mental state and its influencing factors among 10,285 college students across 80 universities in 20 provinces (cities), spanning Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Zhejiang, and Chongqing. This study, conducted in 2020, 2021, and 2022, aims to effectively enhance the mental well-being of college students within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Frequency was employed to examine the basic characteristics of the respondents. The Pearson chi-square test was then utilized to test the rates …

A157: The Effect Of Whole-Body Vibration Therapy On The Motor Abilities Of Patients With Sarcopenia, Haixia Wang, Mingjie Hu, Guangxin Wang, Xin-An Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The highly morbid condition known as sarcopenia affects middle-aged and elderly people and is characterized by a progressive loss of whole-body muscle mass accelerated by aging. It is also accompanied by a decline in muscle strength and physiological function. These weakening functions manifest as impaired physical movement, increased risk of falls, disability, lower quality of life, and even death. Sarcopenia is progressively emerging as a new public health issue in China with a quickly aging population, making it vital to investigate effective exercise therapies for sarcopenic patients. Methods: Sixty sarcopenic patients (aged 60-75) from a local hospital in northeast …

A159: Effects Of Social Supports On Chinese Adolescent Perceived Physical Literacy, Junyi Bian, Benjamin Colin Cork

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Levels of physical activity in children have gradually declined from elementary to high school. This trend necessitates a greater need of perceived physical literacy (PPL) to achieve a healthy lifestyle. Because social supports for physical confidence (PC) and understanding (PU) are key to nursing PPL, this study investigated effects of perceived family support (PFS), perceived physical education support (PPES), and perceived community support (PCS) on PPL among a group of Chinese adolescents. Methods: The study was based on a retrospective investigation. A total of 3820 participants completed self-reported questionnaires assessing PFS, PPES, PCS. PPL was assessed by an eight-item …

A132: The Impact Of Baby Swimming On Motor Development Of Toddlers, Jiayu Gu, Yuhong Wen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Infancy and early childhood are important stages of basic motor skills formation. Baby swimming provides a unique opportunity for toddlers aged 2–3 to develop motor skills. The literature documents that baby swimming can promote physical growth in toddlers, but how it affects motor development remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to address this gap. Methods: Using interviews, field investigations, assessment tools, this study was conducted in two stages. Stage 1 focused on the instructional information about baby swimming courses, and Stage 2 examined the difference in body indices and motor competencies between two groups of toddlers recruited through …

A69: Data Visualization Of Core Literacy Of Physical Education: A Case Study Of Sci-Tech Empowerment, Ling Xiao, Feifei Li, Wenxue Yuan

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Physical education (PE) in colleges and universities in the new era focuses on mastering smart PE technology, deepening the connotation of big data education, and cultivating and achieving disciplinary core literacy. The paper designs a monitoring plan based on three key aspects of core literacy, namely, athletic capabilities, health-related actions, and PE morality. It aims at strengthening the value of AI-powered methods in core literacy cultivation, providing more teaching methods to traditional PE classroom teaching, and promoting students’ core literacy. Methods: The paper selects 105 college students from 5 classes who voluntarily take part in the research. It also …

A89: Experimental Study On Effects Of ‘Micro-Exercise’ On Pupils' Attention And Performance, Wei Jiang, Fenghui Lei, Jieyi Huang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Extended periods of desk-based study in schools often result in diminished attention and reduced learning efficiency among students. This study aims to investigate exercise methods and implementation approaches that can enhance the attention and academic performance of primary school students. Methods: This study randomly selected 90 students（44 in the experimental group and 46 in the control group）from two classes of Grade 3 in Shenxhen Yantian Foreign Language primary School Donghe Branch. The students from the experimental group received two rounds of 12-week 10 minutes of micro-exercise every day. The attention index (D2) and the academic performance (Chinese, Math, and …

Targeting Strategies To Optimize The Therapeutic Potential Of Gold Compounds Against Her2-Positive Breast Cancers, Afruja Ahad

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The overexpression of HER2 accounts for 20-30% of breast cancer tumors and not only serves as a marker for poor predictive clinical outcomes but also as a target for treatment. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) combine the selectivity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs to provide targeted treatment without toxicity to normal tissue. Most of the ADCs currently in the clinic for cancer chemotherapy are based on complex organic molecules. In contrast, the conjugation of metallodrugs to mAbs has been overlooked when there is enormous potential in this area with the resurgence of metal-based drugs as prospective cancer …

The Role Of The Infralimbic-Basal Forebrain Pathway In Fear Extinction, Carolina Maria Fernandes Henriques

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a key region for emotion regulation, and its failure to regulate extinction of aversive memories is associated with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Study of how the Infralimbic cortex (IL), a subregion of the mPFC, directly communicates with the Basolateral Amygdala (IL-BLA), has thus far failed to uncover the circuit mechanisms that lead to mPFC-mediated amygdala suppression of firing and diminished fear responses during extinction retrieval. One problem of this model is that it doesn’t incorporate indirect IL communication with the BLA. A key region to help understand how IL modulates extinction is the basal …

Ethnic Minorities And Family Health History: An Autoethnography Of Guyanese Americans And Kidney Disease, Dhaneesha R. Bahadur

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Exploring family health histories (FHHs) has emerged in recent years as an inexpensive genomic tool in public health. Families and clinicians can also use them to uncover family histories and experiences, which could inform better lifestyle choices to prevent or delay the onset of diseases. Exploring family health histories focuses on an individual’s genetic makeup and considers differences in lifestyle and environment. Despite national campaigns, it is an underutilized tool that could lead to engagement in effective strategies and better health outcomes. One important and serious condition that families should be more aware of is chronic kidney disease (CKD). One …

Time To Blood Pressure Control And Predictors Among Patients Receiving Integrated Treatment For Hypertension And Hiv Based On An Adapted Who Hearts Implementation Strategy At A Large Urban Hiv Clinic In Uganda, Willington Amutuhaire, Lewis S. Musoke, George A. Yendewa, Lewis S. Musoke, George A. Yendewa

Faculty Scholarship

In this cohort study, we determined time to blood pressure (BP) control and its predictors among hypertensive PLHIV enrolled in integrated hypertension-HIV care based on the World Health Organization (WHO) HEARTS strategy at Mulago Immunosuppression Clinic in Uganda. From August 2019 to March 2020, we enrolled hypertensive PLHIV aged ≥18 years and initiated Amlodipine 5 mg mono-therapy for BP (140–159)/(90–99) mmHg or Amlodipine 5 mg/Valsartan 80 mg duo-therapy for BP ≥ 160/90 mmHg. Patients were followed with a treatment escalation plan until BP control, defined as BP < 140/90 mmHg. We used Cox proportional hazards models to identify predictors of time to BP control. Of 877 PLHIV enrolled (mean age 50.4 years, 62.1% female), 30% received mono-therapy and 70% received duo-therapy. In the monotherapy group, 66%, 88% and 96% attained BP control in the first, second and third months, respectively. For patients on duo-therapy, 56%, 83%, 88% and 90% achieved BP control in the first, second, third, and fourth months, respectively. In adjusted Cox proportional hazard analysis, higher systolic BP (aHR 0.995, 95% CI 0.989-0.999) and baseline ART tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz (aHR 0.764, 95% CI 0.637–0.917) were associated with longer time to BP control, while being on ART for >10 years was associated with a shorter time to BP control (aHR 1.456, …

Cold-Inducible Rna Binding Protein Impedes Breast Tumor Growth In The Pymt Murine Model For Breast Cancer, Daniel A. Lujan, Joey L. Ochoa, Ellen J. Beswick, Tamara A. Howard, Helen J. Hathaway, Nora I. Perrone-Bizzozero, Rebecca S. Hartley

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by associating with regulatory sequences in the untranslated regions of mRNAs. Cold-inducible RBP (CIRP) is a stress-induced RBP that was recently shown to modulate inflammation in response to cellular stress, where it increases or decreases pro-tumorigenic (proinflammatory) cytokines in different contexts. CIRP expression is altered in several cancers, including breast cancer, but the effects of CIRP on inflammation in breast cancer is not known. Here, we investigate if CIRP alters growth and the inflammatory profile of breast tumors. Transgenic mice overexpressing CIRP in the mammary epithelium were crossed with the PyMT mouse …

Association Between Circulating Inflammatory Markers And Adult Cancer Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis., James Yarmolinsky, Jamie W. Robinson, Daniela Mariosa, Ville Karhunen, Jian Huang, Niki Dimou, Neil Murphy, Kimberley Burrows, Emmanouil Bouras, Karl Smith-Byrne, Sarah J. Lewis, Tessel E. Galesloot, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Sita Vermeulen, Paul Martin, Demetrius Albanes, Lifang Hou, Polly A. Newcomb, Emily White, Alicja Wolk, Anna H. Wu, Loïc Le Marchand, Amanda I. Phipps, Daniel D. Buchanan, The International Lung Cancer Consortium, The Practical Consortium, Sizheng Steven Zhao, Dipender Gill, Stephen J. Chanock, Mark P. Purdue, George Davey Smith, Paul Brennan, Karl-Heinz Herzig, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Chris I. Amos, Rayjean J. Hung, Abbas Dehghan, Mattias Johansson, Marc J. Gunter, Kostas K. Tsilidis, Richard M. Martin

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Tumour-promoting inflammation is a "hallmark" of cancer and conventional epidemiological studies have reported links between various inflammatory markers and cancer risk. The causal nature of these relationships and, thus, the suitability of these markers as intervention targets for cancer prevention is unclear.

METHODS: We meta-analysed 6 genome-wide association studies of circulating inflammatory markers comprising 59,969 participants of European ancestry. We then used combined cis-Mendelian randomization and colocalisation analysis to evaluate the causal role of 66 circulating inflammatory markers in risk of 30 adult cancers in 338,294 cancer cases and up to 1,238,345 controls. Genetic instruments for inflammatory markers were …

Transposition Of The Great Arteries With Intramural Left Main Coronary Artery: Salient Imaging Findings And Description Of Two Operative Techniques, Joshua Holbert, Manasa Gadiraju, Sanket Shah, Edo Bedzra

Posters

Background: Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a common cyanotic critical congenital heart disease, with a feasible prenatal diagnosis. Arterial switch operation (ASO) with/without VSD closure is the preferred surgical approach with added challenge when an intramural coronary artery (IMC) is present. ASO is technically quite demanding with IMC, and incidence of post-operative complications and mortality are potentially higher. We present our recent TGA-IMC experience focusing on salient features identified on echocardiography, CT and invasive angiograms, as well as variations in ASO surgical techniques for repair. Methods: Our echo imaging acquisition required high frequency transducers and shallow image depth …

Shoulder Arthroplasty Evolution: Comparing Reverse, Anatomic, And Hemiarthroplasty Trends And Outcomes In Key Demographics At A High-Volume Institution, James Fuchs Gannon, Mitchell Thomas Pfennig, Anthony Arveschoug, Betina Bremer Hinckel, J Michael Wiater, Leonardo M. Cavinatto

Conference Presentation Abstracts

The field of shoulder arthroplasty has changed markedly since the inception of the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in 2004. With yearly gains of 32%, the RTSA now encompasses the largest portion of shoulder arthroplasty procedures. In contrast, the anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (ATSA) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) have steadied or decreased in usage. Some have offered several explanations for these trends, such as expanding indications for the RTSA, in particular for pathologies traditionally treated with ATSA such as glenohumeral arthritis with an intact rotator cuff and no major bone loss/deformity. Others have cited superior postoperative outcomes of the RTSA over …

Patient Perception Of Different Autografts In Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using A Validated Online Survey Marketplace, Robert Dean, Tanner J. Hafen, Collin Braithwaite, Kevin Xavier Farley, Robert F. Laprade, Joseph Guettler, James Bicos

Conference Presentation Abstracts

INTRODUCTION: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is the gold standard treatment for ACL tears. ACL graft reconstruction is commonly performed with an autograft. Common autograft modalities include bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), quadriceps tendon (QT), and hamstring tendon (HT) grafts. This study sought to evaluate the general population’s perception of the use of BPTB, QT, and HT autografts in ACL reconstruction. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed utilizing a 35-question survey. Participants were paid, and the survey was distributed via a clinically, validated, public, online marketplace in June 2023. After collecting baseline demographics, participants were queried on whether they held a …

Public Acceptance Of Using Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Weight Management Apps In High-Income Southeast Asian Adults With Overweight And Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study, Han Shi Jocelyn Chew, Palakorn Achananuparp, Palakorn Achananuparp, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Yip Han Chin, Yujia Gao, Bok Yan Jimmy So, Asim Shabbir, Ee-Peng Lim, Kee Yuan Ngiam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Introduction: With in increase in interest to incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) into weight management programs, we aimed to examine user perceptions of AI-based mobile apps for weight management in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods: 280 participants were recruited between May and November 2022. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic profiles, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2), and Self-Regulation of Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was performed using R. Model fit was tested using maximum-likelihood generalized unweighted least squares. Associations between influencing factors were analyzed using correlation and linear regression. Results: 271 participant responses were …

Early Goal-Directed Hemostatic Therapy For Severe Acute Bleeding Management In The Intensive Care Unit: A Narrative Review., Tomaz Crochemore, Klaus Görlinger, Marcus Lance

Anaesthesiology, East Africa

This is a narrative review of the published evidence for bleeding management in critically ill patients in different clinical settings in the intensive care unit (ICU). We aimed to describe “The Ten Steps” approach to early goal-directed hemostatic therapy (EGDHT) using point-of-care testing (POCT), coagulation factor concentrates, and hemostatic drugs, according to the individual needs of each patient. We searched National Library of Medicine, MEDLINE for publications relevant to management of critical ill bleeding patients in different settings in the ICU. Bibliographies of included articles were also searched to identify additional relevant studies. English-language systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized trials, observational …

Effect Of Vitamin E Enhanced Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene On Wear Rate And Particle Debris In Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Biomechanical Comparison To Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene, Adam Khan, Andrew Jawa, Matthew J. Smith, J Michael Wiater, Derek J. Cuff, Anand M. Murthi, Luke Stanford Austin

Conference Presentation Abstracts

INTRODUCTION: Particle-induced osteolysis resulting from polyethylene wear remains a source of implant failure in anatomic total shoulder designs. Modern polyethylene components are irradiated in an oxygen-free environment to induce polyethylene cross-linking, but an unfortunate byproduct of this process is free radical production. Melting or heat annealing is one method of reducing free radicals but can compromise the component’s mechanical properties. The antioxidant, Vitamin E, has been introduced as an alternative adjuvant to neutralize free radicals. Specifically, in anatomic shoulder arthroplasty with a ceramic head component, the vitamin E-enhanced polyethylene showed improved wear compared to the conventional highly-cross linked polyethylene. This …

Mda Foundation: What A Difference A Smile Makes, Anne Berquist

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The 2023 round of scholarships awarded by the MDA Foundation totaled $31,000, more than twice the amount awarded in 2022. As a recipient of the MDA Foundation's Dr. George L. Bletsas Scholarship, Maya Scott, now a dental student, is dedicated to advocating for underserved minorities. Scott's journey into dentistry was shaped by her personal experiences with dental care and her desire to address health disparities. Growing up in challenging circumstances, orthodontic treatment transformed her smile and ignited her interest in dentistry. Her scholarship facilitates participation in dental missions and eases living expenses. With aspirations for general dentistry in underserved areas, …

The Mda Member Assistance Program: Real Help When You Need It, Lisa Knowles Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This health and well-being feature focuses on the MDA Member Assistance Program, an invaluable resource for dentists navigating the myriad challenges of professional and personal life. The author shares personal experiences and testimonials, highlighting the diverse benefits offered by the program, from mental health counseling to work-life resources. The article emphasizes the program's accessibility, confidentiality, and the wide range of topics it addresses, making it a crucial tool for dentists seeking support and guidance.

We’Re In This Together, So Be The Best Human You Can Be, Michelle C. Dziurgot Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The editorial reflects on the shared human experiences that bind us together, using a travel delay as a backdrop. The author highlights personal growth during a trip to Europe and emphasizes the importance of common bonds among people, whether through travel, education, or shared moments. The narrative urges readers to step out of their comfort zones and be compassionate, contributing to a happier and more connected world.

Staff Matters: Do I Really Need An Employee Handbook?, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This article underscores the importance of having an employee handbook for even small practices. It emphasizes the handbook as a crucial tool for communicating expectations, providing a defense against employment claims, and ensuring legal compliance. The author advises on essential policies related to legal requirements, "At-Will" status, conduct, compensation, benefits, communication, attendance, and discipline. The article stresses the significance of well-crafted policies to avoid confusion and legal liabilities, recommending professional review before implementation.

J Mich Dent Assoc February 2024

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association brings news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. No publication reaches more Michigan dentists!

• The February issue previews the 2024 Annual Session in Lansing, highlighting 61 courses, 48 speakers, and Michigan’s largest dental exhibit hall
• A Feature article on The MDA Member Assistance Program: Real Help When You Need It
• News You Need, including The MDA announcement of John Tramontana as the new CEO/executive director
• The MDA Student Debt Resource Center
• Updates on the MDA website refresh
• Celebrating National Children’s …

Elderly Female With Abdominal Pain And Hypotension, Michael Fareri, Arthur K Au, Kelly Goodsell, M. Fields

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.