Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effect Of Two Different Intraoral Polishing Systems On Surface Roughness, Color Stability, And Bacterial Accumulation Of Zirconiareinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic, Fatma Makkeyah, Dina Mohamed Mostafa, Griffith University - Australia, Mahmoud Al Ankily

Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Attitudes To Patients’ Safety Questionnaire In The Arabic Context: Psychometric Properties, Muayyad Ahmad, Bushra Ghannam

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Patient safety education is often implicit in undergraduate nursing curricula, making it harder to meet competency standards. The Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire (APSQ-III), which was developed in 2009 by Carruthers and collab- orators in the United Kingdom, examines patient safety on a more sophisticated system level and has the potential to lead productive, nonhierarchical collaboration in educational settings. This study's goal was to use rigorous psychometric testing to validate the Arabic version of the Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire (APSQ-III) for nursing students in an Arabic context. The majority of the 217 students recruited for this study through a …

Coping Strategies For Nurses’ Distress In Dealing With The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review, Ika Nopa, L Meily Kurniawidjaja, Dadan Erwandi

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

It is a well-known fact that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the work stressors of nurses, which were already a problem previously, causing great distress. Hence, the need for effective coping strategies has been realized to prevent such distress, especially if a pandemic recurs. Determining how the types of coping strategies used by nurses impact their distress level in COVID-19 Pandemic. This review was conducted using the PRISMA Statement Recommendations Checklist and PRISMA—Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-SCR). The databases used were Willey Library, Science Direct, SCOPUS, and Springer Link for the literature search. Nurse and (“coping type” or “brief cope”) and …

Heavy Burdens Of Family Caregivers Caring For Persons With Severe Mental Disorders, Kissa Bahari, Arief Bachtia, Gracia Herni Pertiwi, Ahmad Syahlani

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Family caregivers who live with and care for individuals with severe mental disorders face serious issues. This study aimed to investigate the burdens of these family caregivers. This descriptive phenomenological study involved 15 family caregivers who looked after persons with mental disorders in Malang City, Indonesia; the participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were gathered using individual in-depth interviews and observations, and then analyzed inductively. Based on the findings, the burdens of family caregivers can be grouped into four main themes: 1) families encountered challenges and stigma in caring for persons with severe mental disorders, 2) there …

Perturbation-Based Gait Training, Julia Bohlman, Ashwini Kulkarni

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Background:

Falls during walking are common in older adults and individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) [1]. These falls are often caused by trips [2]. Injuries caused by falls can be severe, in all age groups and populations. Given the potential severity of injuries resulting from falls, it is crucial to implement interventions aimed at preventing falls. Such interventions focus on anticipatory and/or reactive mechanisms. Perturbation-based gait training (PBT) addresses both mechanisms by intentionally destabilizing participants to induce a loss of stability, triggering a motor response to regain postural stability. PBT works on the principle of specificity. While earlier studies on …

Global Strategies For Addressing Communication Disorders In Justice-Involved Youth, Sophia Martinez, Anne Marie Perrotti, Brooke Baker, Allison Chappell

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Throughout all stages of processing, most juveniles who encounter the justice system demonstrate cognitive-communicative difficulties (CCDs). Empirical evidence reveals that 19-22% of female and 28-38% of male youth offenders, culminating in approximately 50-60% of youth offenders, demonstrate language disorders that require intervention, but most have never received services (Snow et al., 2014; Winstanley et al., 2021). Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are communication experts certified to assess and treat CCDs. While nations abroad recognize the value of SLP involvement in all stages of processing for justice-involved youth (JIY), America lags in utilizing SLPs to improve JIY outcomes and lower youth's risk of …

Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Following Severe Covid - 19 Infection: A Case Report, Samina Martin Md, Shivu Kaushik Md, Bharat Bajantri Md

Internal Medicine Residency

A 67-year-old male, with a history of severe COVID-19 infection and exposure to talc was seen for worsening shortness of breath for months, requiring supplemental oxygen. He was treated for COVID-19 infection and suspected pneumonia with no improvement. His pulmonary function test (PFT) worsened and computed tomography (CT) showing bilateral airspace opacities with ground-glass opacities (GGO), also worsened over time. He underwent bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage and pathology revealed pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). He subsequently underwent whole lung lavage (WLL) which significantly improved his crazy paving pattern on CT and was successfully weaned off supplemental oxygen.

The Impact Of Kangaroo Care On The Weight Gain Of Premature Infants, Heather Vincequere

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Premature birth remains a global health concern, affecting approximately 15 million infants annually (WHO, 2023). Kangaroo Care (KC), involving skin-to-skin contact between caregivers and infants, was developed as a promising intervention to mitigate the adverse effects of prematurity. This study aimed to investigate the impact of KC on weight gain among preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Doctors Hospital of Augusta (DHOA). A quasi-experimental quantitative posttest-only design was employed, with eight preterm infants (< 37 weeks gestation) participating in KC for at least 30 minutes daily. Daily weight measurements were collected over a four-week period and compared to the expected weight gain for infants receiving traditional incubator care. Results revealed a statistically significant increase in weight gain among infants receiving KC compared to the historical average for infants in traditional incubator care (t (7) = 2.443, p = 0.022). A large effect size (Cohen's d = 0.864) further supported the significance of these findings. Despite limitations such as a small sample size and convenience sampling, this study emphasizes that KC enhances weight gain in preterm infants, thus improving overall health outcomes. Implementation of KC requires ongoing support from nurse leaders to ensure proper education and successful integration into routine care practices. Nonetheless, continued research with larger samples and improved randomization is warranted to fully understand the long-term benefits of KC in neonatal care settings.

Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Among People Living With And Without Hiv In South Carolina, Usa: Protocol Of A Population-Based Cohort Study, Xueying Yang, Jiajia Zhang Ph.D., Bankole Olatosi, Sharon Weissman, Xiaoming Li Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Introduction Despite the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes, a small percentage of fully vaccinated persons will develop symptomatic or asymptomatic infections with SARSCoV-2, which is referred to as ‘breakthrough COVID-19’. People living with HIV (PLWH) appear to have an elevated risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, yet the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in this population remains unclear due to the limited research efforts in this population in the real world. This study aims to characterise and compare the breakthrough COVID-19 (eg, prevalence and disease severity) between PLWH and non-PLWH and then examine whether HIV markers play …

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus Statement On Catheter And Surgical Ablation Of Atrial Fibrillation, Stylianos Tzeis, Ralph J Damiano, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017. Seven years after the last consensus, an updated document was considered necessary to define a …

Simultaneous Extraction And Quantitative Analysis Of S-Methyl-L-Cysteine Sulfoxide, Sulforaphane And Glucosinolates In Cruciferous Vegetables By Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry, Armaghan Shafaei, Caroline R. Hill, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Mary C. Boyce

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Sulfur containing compounds including glucosinolates (GLS), sulforaphane (SFN) and S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) have been proposed to be partly responsible for the beneficial health effects of cruciferous vegetables. As such, greater understanding of their measurements within foods is important to estimate intake in humans and to inform dietary intervention studies. Herein is described a simple and sensitive method for simultaneous analysis of 20 GLS, SFN and SMCSO by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Analytes were effectively retained and resolved on an Xbridge C18 column. Detection can be achieved using high resolution or unit resolution mass spectrometry; the latter making the method more …

Tgf-Β1 And Tgf-Βr1 Variants Are Associated With Clinical Outcomes In Smoking-Related Head And Neck Cancer Patients Treated With Chemoradiation Through Modulating Microrna-Mediated Regulation, Zihao Niu, Peng Sun, Mark E Zafereo, Hongliang Liu, Peng Wei, Jia Wu, Neil D Gross, Sanjay Shete, Qingyi Wei, Guibin Zheng, Andy G Sikora, George A Calin, Guojun Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

TGF-β1 and TGF-βR1 play important roles in immune and inflammatory responses. Genetic variants of TGF-β1 rs1800470 and TGF-βR1 rs334348 have emerged as potentially prognostic biomarkers for HPV-related head and neck cancer, while their prognostic effect on survival of smoking-related head and neck cancer remains unknown. This study included 1403 patients with smoking-related head and neck cancer, and all these patients were genotyped for TGF-β1 rs1800470 and TGF-βR1 rs334348. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate associations between the two functional genetic variants in microRNA binding sites of TGF-β1 and TGF-βR1 and survivals. Patients with TGF-β1 rs1800470 CT or …

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Mitochondrial Fitness Governs Chemotherapeutic Efficacy In Hematologic Malignancies, Saeed Daneshmandi, Jee Eun Choi, Qi Yan, Cameron R. Macdonald, Manu Pandey, Mounika Goruganthu, Nathan Roberts, Prashant K. Singh, Richard M. Higashi, Andrew N. Lane, Teresa W-M Fan, Jianmin Wang, Philip L. Mccarthy, Elizabeth A. Repasky, Hemn Mohammadpour

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are key regulators of immune responses and correlate with poor outcomes in hematologic malignancies. Here, we identify that MDSC mitochondrial fitness controls the efficacy of doxorubicin chemotherapy in a preclinical lymphoma model. Mechanistically, we show that triggering STAT3 signaling via β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) activation leads to improved MDSC function through metabolic reprogram- ing, marked by sustained mitochondrial respiration and higher ATP generation which reduces AMPK signaling, altering energy metabolism. Furthermore, induced STAT3 signaling in MDSCs enhances glutamine consumption via the TCA cycle. Metabolized glutamine generates itaconate which downregulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species via regulation of …

An Injectable In Situ Forming Collagen/Alginate/Caso4 Composite Hydrogel For Tissue Engineering Applications: Optimization, Characterization And In Vitro Assessments, Samar A. Salim, Samar A. Salim

Nanotechnology Research Centre

In situ injectable hydrogels are effectively employed to fill irregular cavitary bone defects with initiating bone growth in targeted areas. Herein, an injectable composited hydrogel composed of collagen and alginate cross-linked in situ using different concentrations of calcium sulfate (0.15, 0.3 and 0.6%, wt./v) was synthesized. Recently, CaSO4 is frequently supported as a bone graft material for bone regeneration, owing to its biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties. Moreover, hydroxyapatite (Hap) after salinization-step by (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) was incorporated for further enhancing the osteoconductive property of injected hydrogels. All fabricated hydrogels were characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD analyses. While physiochemical characteristics …

Addressing Subject Heterogeneity In Time-Dependent Discrimination For Biomarker Evaluation, Xinyang Jiang, Wen Li, Ruosha Li, Jing Ning

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Accurate discrimination has been the central goal in identifying biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and early detection. Acknowledging the fact that discrimination accuracy of biomarkers for a time-to-event outcome often changes over time, local measures such as the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve and its area under the curve (AUC) are used to assess time-dependent predictive discrimination. However, such measures do not address subject heterogeneity, although the impact of covariates including demographics, disease-related characteristics, and other clinical information on the discriminatory performance of biomarkers needs to be investigated before their clinical use. We propose the covariate-specific time-dependent AUC, a measure …

Real World Clinical Experience Using Daily Intelligence-Assisted Online Adaptive Radiotherapy For Head And Neck Cancer, Philip Blumenfeld, Eduard Arbit, Robert Den, Ayman Salhab, Tal Falick Michaeli, Marc Wygoda, Yair Hillman, Raphael Pfeffer, Marcel Fang, Yael Misrati, Noam Weizman, Jon Feldman, Aron Popovtzer

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Background

Adaptive radiation therapy (ART) offers a dynamic approach to address structural and spatial changes that occur during radiotherapy (RT) for locally advanced head and neck cancers. The integration of daily ART with Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) imaging presents a solution to enhance the therapeutic ratio by addressing inter-fractional changes.

Methods

We evaluated the initial clinical experience of daily ART for patients with head and neck cancer using an online adaptive platform with intelligence-assisted workflows on daily CBCT. Treatment included auto-contour and structure deformation of Organs at Risk (OARs) and target structures, with adjustments by the treating physician. Two plans were …

Transcriptional Responses Of Different Brain Cell Types To Oxygen Decline, Camille Ravel-Godreuil, Ethan R Roy, Srinivas N Puttapaka, Sanming Li, Yanyu Wang, Xiaoyi Yuan, Holger K Eltzschig, Wei Cao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Brain hypoxia is associated with a wide range of physiological and clinical conditions. Although oxygen is an essential constituent of maintaining brain functions, our understanding of how specific brain cell types globally respond and adapt to decreasing oxygen conditions is incomplete. In this study, we exposed mouse primary neurons, astrocytes, and microglia to normoxia and two hypoxic conditions and obtained genome-wide transcriptional profiles of the treated cells. Analysis of differentially expressed genes under conditions of reduced oxygen revealed a canonical hypoxic response shared among different brain cell types. In addition, we observed a higher sensitivity of neurons to oxygen decline, …

Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Cmr Immersive Virtual Reality (Ivr) Headset Training Compared To E-Learning For Operating Room Configuration Of The Cmr Versius Robot, Catherine L Eley, Varun Palaniappan, Abbie Carter, Opeyemi Sogaolu, James Horwood, Michael Davies, Jared Torkington, James Ansell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Robotic surgery offers potential advantages over laparoscopic procedures, but the training for configuring robotic systems in the operating room remains underexplored. This study seeks to validate immersive virtual reality (IVR) headset training for setting up the CMR Versius in the operating room. This single-blinded randomized control trial randomised medical students with no prior robotic experience using an online randomiser. The intervention group received IVR headset training, and the control group, e-learning modules. Assessors were blinded to participant group. Primary endpoint was overall score (OS): Likert-scale 1-5: 1 reflecting independent performance, with increasing verbal prompts to a maximum score of 5, …

The Effect Of Cervical Pessary On Increasing Gestational Age At Delivery In Twin Pregnancies With Asymptomatic Short Cervix: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Amir Hossein Norooznezhad, Nikan Zargarzadeh, Ali Javinani, Seyedeh Maedeh Nabavian, Shohra Qaderi, Shayan Mostafaei, Vincenzo Berghella, Yinka Oyelese, Alireza A. Shamshirsaz

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of preterm delivery is much higher in twin pregnancies than in singletons and even higher if a short cervical length is detected in the second trimester. Studies are contradictory regarding the efficacy of a cervical pessary to decrease preterm birth in twin pregnancies and short cervical length. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the efficacy of cervical pessary in prolonging gestation, preventing preterm birth, and reducing adverse neonatal outcomes in twin pregnancies with an asymptomatic short cervix.

DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.org were searched for randomized controlled trials from inception to …

Vascular In-Person For Students In The Match Trial: An Investigation Of Postinterview Site Visits To Address The Limitations Of Virtual Interviews, David Rigberg, Brigitte K. Smith, Ting Sun, Benjamin Pearce, Misty Humphries, Malachi Sheahan, Dawn Coleman, Jason Lee

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: The graduate medical education community implemented virtual residency interviews in response to travel restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, and this approach has persisted. Although many residency applicants wish to visit in-person prospective training sites, such opportunities could bias programs toward those who are able to meet this financial burden, exacerbating equity concerns. One proposed solution is to offer applicants the opportunity to visit only after a program's rank list is "locked," avoiding favoritism to applicants who visit, but allowing applicants to experience some of the camaraderie, geography, and local effects of an in-person visit. As debate about the optimal …

The Impact Of The Gut-Brain Axis On Alzheimer’S Disease, Elissa Wakim

Best Integrated Writing

Elissa’s review for the Graduate Biomedical Review focuses on the links between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain; the gut-brain axis and the development of Alzheimer’s disease. As a student in the Microbiology and Immunology Masters Program Elissa was particularly interested in the gut microbiota and their connection to neurodegenerative disease. She tidily reviewed the literature and wrote a fascinating and compelling piece of work.

Characterizing The Polyamorous Experience Through Research, Kacey O'Harra

Best Integrated Writing

Scientific study of polyamory and the individuals who practice it has seen a sharp increase in the last decade, revealing data and subjective experiences that support their capacity to be closely intimate and fulfilling, to bolster personal development, to provide a positive and stable family environment, and to mutually strengthen the bonds of each relationship involved. Understanding the unique experiences and challenges faced by polyamorous lovers is essential for cultural competence in relational research, clinical practice, institutional regulations, and moving toward greater social acceptance. Examined here are the associated stigmas and their impacts on polyamorous individuals, the motivations people have …

Balancing The Mind: The Role Of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors In Managing Anxiety, Olivia Mace

Best Integrated Writing

Olivia’s senior capstone review article focuses on the role of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram in the management of anxiety. SSRIs have been successfully used to treat depression for decades, with fluoxetine (Prozac) being introduced to the US market in 1987. Recently it has been found that the SSRI escitalopram has efficacy in treating anxiety as well as depression. Olivia’s review is detailed and timely. Unmanaged anxiety and depression are common among students and this review will be of interest to students, parents and the university population in general.

Exploring The Systems-Related Factors Influencing Depression And Anxiety In The Private Healthcare System: A Nursing Student’S Perspective, Andrea Cessna

Best Integrated Writing

This paper presents a student’s critical synthesis of the literature and excellent grasp of the application of the World Health Organization Health Systems Building Blocks Framework to identify strengths, and improvement opportunities for nursing interventions in mental health care. The student’s writing demonstrates an awareness of factors that impact complex health systems in nursing practice which is an important competency in system-based practice.

The Potential Role Of Txa In Treating Brain Hemorrhage, Elijah Byrd

Best Integrated Writing

Elijah Bird’s essay provides an excellent review of the existing research and explores the promising possibilities of TXA in the treatment of brain hemorrhages.

Best Integrated Writing Spring 2024 - Complete Edition, Wright State University School Of Humanities And Cultural Studies, Kristie Mckiernan, Tracy Smith

Best Integrated Writing

Best Integrated Writing includes excellent student writing from Integrated Writing courses taught at Wright State University. This is the first issue after a 5 year hiatus.

Smart Spectrophotometric Approaches For Estimation Of Difluprednate In Existence Of Its Synthetic Precursor And Alkaline Degradation Product; Comparative Statistical Studies And Analytical Ecological Appraisal, Heidi R. Abd El-Hadi, Basma M. Eltanany, Hala E. Zaazaa, Maya S. Eissa

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

Scientists are currently attempting to lessen the harmful effects that chemicals and solvents have on the environment. The current work suggests four sensitive and sustainable spectrophotometric techniques for quantifying difluprednate (DIF) in presence of hydrocortisone acetate, which is a synthetic precursor of DIF, and in the presence of DIF alkaline degradation product. These methods are dual wavelength, fourier self-deconvolution, first derivative, and double divisor derivative ratio. The linearity range for all methods was 15.00-40.00 µg/mL. There is no statistically significant difference between established and reported methods, and the suggested strategies are more environmentally friendly than the reported one.

A Comprehensive Review On Solenostemma Argel (Del.) Hayne, An Egyptian Medicinal Plant, Essam Abdel-Sattar, Riham A. El-Shiekh

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

Solenostemma argel (Del.) Hayne, commonly known as Arghel or Hargal, is a desert plant belonging to the family Apocynaceae. It has been used in traditional medicine in various countries, including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Libya, Algeria, and Sudan, where it is the primary source. The review is aimed at providing a comprehensive report on Solenostemma argel (Del.) Hayne, including its botanical identification and description, geographical distribution, traditional uses, phytoconstituents, and pharmacological and toxicological properties. A professional search in the available literature was performed through several databases. The search was performed using the following keywords: Solenostemma argel, Argel, chemical structures, biological effects, …

Eco-Friendly Hptlc Determination Of Paracetamol, Caffeine, Drotaverine Hcl And Two Of Their Official Impurities; Application To Assay And Content Uniformity Testing Of Tablet Dosage Form, Samia A. Tawfik, Nariman A. El-Ragehy, Maha A. Hegazy, Ghada A. Sedik

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

The present work is focused on developing and validating an eco-friendly, sustainable and sensitive HPTLC method for the purpose of simultaneous determination of a five component mixture. This mixture includes paracetamol, caffeine, drotaverine HCl and the official impurities of the first two aforementioned drugs, namely; p-aminophenol and theophylline, in order. The developed method is based on application of planar chromatography using a developing system of ethyl acetate: methanol: acetic acid (8:1:2, by volume). Quantitative determination of the mentioned components was performed using UV detection. The parameters impacting chromatographic separation have been optimized. The cited compounds were effectively separated with retardation …

Sprint Performance Following Plyometric Conditioning Activity In Elite Sprinters, Michal Krzysztofik, Mateusz Jopek, Dariusz Mroczek, Aleksander Matusiński, Adam Zając

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: Considering the significance of the ankle joint for sprinting with the spring-like properties of the Achilles tendon, it seems that plyometric activating exercises could significantly potentiate maximum velocity sprinting. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of specific plyometric exercises engaging the ankle joint, called stiff-legged hops as a conditioning activity (CA) on countermovement jump (CMJ) and sprinting performance evaluated over a distance of 50m in elite female and male sprinters that differ in athletics level. Material and methods: Thirty-two sprinters of the Polish National Team were assigned into experimental and control (CTRL) groups, while …