Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Adipose Tissue Peroxisomal Lipid Synthesis Orchestrates Obesity And Insulin Resistance Through Lxr-Dependent Lipogenesis, Brian Kleiboeker, Anyuan He, Min Tan, Dongliang Lu, Donghua Hu, Xuejing Liu, Parniyan Goodarzi, Fong-Fu Hsu, Babak Razani, Clay F Semenkovich, Irfan J Lodhi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tissue mass is maintained by a balance between lipolysis and lipid storage. The contribution of adipose tissue lipogenesis to fat mass, especially in the setting of high-fat feeding, is considered minor. Here we investigated the effect of adipose-specific inactivation of the peroxisomal lipid synthetic protein PexRAP on fatty acid synthase (FASN)-mediated lipogenesis and its impact on adiposity and metabolic homeostasis.

METHODS: To explore the role of PexRAP in adipose tissue, we metabolically phenotyped mice with adipose-specific knockout of PexRAP. Bulk RNA sequencing was used to determine transcriptomic responses to PexRAP deletion and

RESULTS: Adipose-specific PexRAP deletion promoted diet-induced …

Attempted Repair Of Chest Wall Injury Following Penetrating Injury With Surgical Stabilization Rib And Autologous Bone Graft: A Case Report., Vincent E Serapiglia, Krishna A Patel, Jaya Sai V Varre, Brian T Dusseau, William B Devoe

Trauma and Acute Care Articles

Rib fractures are one of the most common injuries following blunt trauma. When associated with penetrating trauma, the projectile velocity and immense energy transfer cause significant rib fracture displacement and fragmentation. As a result, these patients are potentially exposed to an even higher risk of complications compared to those seen in more simple rib fractures. Unfortunately, there is limited research regarding technical considerations for surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) in severely displaced rib fractures with bone loss following penetrating injury. We present the case of a 21-year-old male gunshot wound victim with severely displaced and comminuted rib fractures in …

Meeting The Challenge Of Controlling Viral Immunopathology, Engin Berber, Sachin Mulik, Barry T. Rouse

School of Medicine Faculty Publications and Presentations

The mission of this review is to identify immune-damaging participants involved in antiviral immunoinflammatory lesions. We argue these could be targeted and their activity changed selectively by maneuvers that, at the same time, may not diminish the impact of components that help resolve lesions. Ideally, we need to identify therapeutic approaches that can reverse ongoing lesions that lack unwanted side effects and are affordable to use. By understanding the delicate balance between immune responses that cause tissue damage and those that aid in resolution, novel strategies can be developed to target detrimental immune components while preserving the beneficial ones. Some …

Endovascular Covered Stent Graft Repair By Through-And-Through Snaring Of An Acute Traumatic Femoral-Femoral Arteriovenous Fistula Following A Gunshot Wound., Anthony N Rizzo, Krishna Patel, Jordyn Perdue, Jon C Henry

Trauma and Acute Care Articles

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) formation after penetrating injury underscores a rare and challenging complication of vascular trauma. Traumatic AVFs have various clinical presentations and reported methods of repair. Although open surgical repair is the most frequently used method of repair, the advancement of endovascular techniques has been increasingly used during the past 3 decades. We report a case of an acute traumatic AVF of the superficial femoral artery and superficial femoral vein from a gunshot wound repaired with a unique endovascular technique involving snaring to establish through-and-through access to allow deployment of a covered stent graft.

A Decade Of Churn Prediction Techniques In The Telco Domain: A Survey, Annalisa Barsotti, Gabriele Gianini, Corrado Mio, Jianyi Lin, Himanshi Babbar, Aman Singh, Fatma Taher, Ernesto Damiani

All Works

This work surveys the research contributions of the last decade to the prediction of customer churn and adds a perspective toward what is yet to be reached. The main objective of this article is to report on (1) the methods and algorithms studied, the evaluation metrics adopted, and the results achieved, (2) the data used, and (3) the issues and limitations identified. Furthermore, the work highlights the gaps in the current literature and suggests a direction for future research.

Empty Coolers At Busy Dining Halls: Solutions To Gvsu’S Failure To Accommodate Students With Food Allergies, Elena Chiu

Honors Projects

GVSU is failing its students with food allergies by not providing the proper accommodations in Campus Dining facilities. This paper provides the experience of two students with food allergies' struggle to eat at GVSU, then takes a brief look into the Americans with Disabilities Act to show the issues and why they need to be fixed. This is followed by a comparison of GVSU's dining program and the highest ranked food allergy safety university, MSU. Using MSU's program as a framework, multiple solutions, such as creating stable meal options and displaying ingredients online, are provided to create a Campus Dining …

The Significance Of Palliative Care Education And Areas For Improvement, Lindsey Bunday

Honors Projects

Palliative care is vital in prioritizing quality of life for patients with serious illnesses. Such care is crucial to help patients understand their prognosis, address needs, and meet goals of care. However, physician shortages, improper utilization, and non-standardized medical curriculum amplify the gaps in care and demonstrate significant room for improvement. Innovative curriculum and opportunities for knowledge advancement can refine education and improve patient care.

Wellness As A Predictor Of Turnover Intention In The Active Duty Military, Thomas Clifford Seguin

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Due to the unique nature of military service compared to civilian professions, military attrition is difficult to predict using methods derived from career development theories, so turnover remains an ongoing concern for the active duty military. For this reason, military attrition, through turnover intention, should be investigated through a novel lens with the intention of capturing an essence of military service which previous methods may have overlooked, namely the holistic construct of perceived wellness. Previous studies have shown how wellness-related factors affect turnover intention, but none has studied the relationship between perceived wellness and turnover intention. The main hypothesis of …

Understanding The Role Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Resilience In Police Officers, Wayne F. Handley

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Police officers are subject to a variety of stressors not only from job-related events resulting from direct or vicarious trauma exposure (Andersen & Papazoglou, 2014; Brown et al., 1999; Iversen et al., 2008) but also from family and personal concerns (Burke, 1998; Page & Jacobs, 2011), and administrative pressures originating from within their own agencies (Violanti et al., 2018; White et al., 2016). Prior to their careers as police officers, individuals may also be exposed to traumatic events early in life. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are described as negative events related to emotional, physical, or sexual abuse or neglect, exposure …

Exploring The Experiences Of School Counselors Advocating For Social Justice Within Urban Pk-12 Charter Schools, Betsy Marina Perez

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

School counselors serve students’ academic, career, and social/emotional needs through a comprehensive school counseling program, and center their work on concepts of equity, advocacy, social justice, and systemic change, to remove barriers and increase opportunities for all PK-12 students. Charter schools are also unique public school settings as they offer flexibility, innovation, and autonomy to staff to create individualized experiences for their students. Held in common by these two educational services is the commitment to serving the needs of historically marginalized populations (Black, Indigenous, People of Color [BIPOC] and those from low socioeconomic backgrounds) and the opportunity to advocate for …

Exercise-Induced Myc As An Epigenetic Reprogramming Factor That Combats Skeletal Muscle Aging, Ronald G. Jones Iii, Ferdinand Von Walden, Kevin A. Murach

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Faculty Publications and Presentations

Of the “Yamanaka factors” Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM), the transcription factor c-Myc (Myc) is the most responsive to exercise in skeletal muscle and is enriched within the muscle fiber. We hypothesize that the pulsatile induction of MYC protein after bouts of exercise can serve to epigenetically reprogram skeletal muscle toward a more resilient and functional state.

Developmental Programming Of Normal Versus Metabolically Altered Pancreas In Rat: Effect Of Gestational Diabetes, Sanabil Ali Ahmed

Dissertations

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition characterised by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and consistently elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia), either due to the inability of the body to produce any or adequate amounts of insulin or the inability of the body to effectively utilise the produced insulin (i.e., insulin resistance). DM can be classified into 3 main types: Type 1 DM (T1DM), Type 2 DM (T2DM), and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). GDM is defined as “hyperglycaemia that is first diagnosed during pregnancy with glucose levels below those considered diagnostic of overt diabetes outside of pregnancy”.

The mature pancreas is a …

Policymaker's Perspectives And Student Experiences Of Bullying At Schools In The Uae: A Mixed-Method Approach, Alfan Saghayir Alketbi

Dissertations

Bullying is a significant issue in schools worldwide, including Abu Dhabi, the UAE. This dissertation aims to explore the dynamics of school bullying and improve anti-bullying interventions through a mixed-method approach. The primary goal is to investigate current anti-bullying efforts in the UAE and develop a comprehensive framework for school-based bullying intervention, considering policymaker perspectives and student experiences.

The study includes a systematic scoping review, qualitative studies with policymakers, a SWOT analysis of Abu Dhabi's anti-bullying approaches, and a cross-sectional survey of students' perceptions, attitudes, and awareness in Al-Ain City. These methods provide an integrated view of bullying in the …

Cognitive Flexibility Training For Chronic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Study, Katherine J. Holzer, Marko S. Todorovic, Elizabeth A. Wilson, Aaron Steinberg, Michael S. Avidan, Simon Haroutounian

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies suggest an association between cognitive flexibility and development of chronic pain after surgery. It is not known whether cognitive flexibility can be improved in patients with chronic pain.

OBJECTIVES: This study tested whether a neurocognitive training program results in improved cognitive flexibility and pain in patients with chronic pain.

METHODS: We conducted a single-center, prospective, randomized study investigating 5-week daily neurocognitive training in patients with chronic pain. Participants (n = 145) were randomized into neurocognitive training or care as usual, and they completed assessments at baseline, posttreatment, and 3 months. The treatment group was asked to spend …

Early Treatment With Fluvoxamine, Bromhexine, Cyproheptadine, And Niclosamide To Prevent Clinical Deterioration In Patients With Symptomatic Covid-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama, Angela M Reiersen, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Repurposed drugs with host-directed antiviral and immunomodulatory properties have shown promise in the treatment of COVID-19, but few trials have studied combinations of these agents. The aim of this trial was to assess the effectiveness of affordable, widely available, repurposed drugs used in combination for treatment of COVID-19, which may be particularly relevant to low-resource countries.

METHODS: We conducted an open-label, randomized, outpatient, controlled trial in Thailand from October 1, 2021, to June 21, 2022, to assess whether early treatment within 48-h of symptoms onset with combinations of fluvoxamine, bromhexine, cyproheptadine, and niclosamide, given to adults with confirmed mild …

Medicaid Eligibility Loss Among Dual-Eligible Beneficiaries Before And During Covid-19 Public Health Emergency, Yanlei Ma, Eric T Roberts, Kenton J Johnston, E John Orav, Jose F Figueroa

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Medicaid coverage loss can substantially compromise access to and affordability of health care for dual-eligible beneficiaries. The extent to which this population lost Medicaid coverage before and during the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) and the characteristics of beneficiaries more at risk for coverage loss are currently not well known.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the loss of Medicaid coverage among dual-eligible beneficiaries before and during the first year of the PHE, and to examine beneficiary-level and plan-level factors associated with heightened likelihood of losing Medicaid.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This repeated cross-sectional study used national Medicare data to estimate annual …

A Protective Role For Type I Interferon Signaling Following Infection With Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Carrying The Rifampicin Drug Resistance-Conferring Rpob Mutation H445y, Suhas Bobba, Kuldeep S. Chauhan, Sadia Akter, Shibali Das, Ekansh Mittal, Barun Mathema, Jennifer A. Philips, Shabaana A. Khader

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling is essential for controlling virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection since antagonism of this pathway leads to exacerbated pathology and increased susceptibility. In contrast, the triggering of type I interferon (IFN) signaling is associated with the progression of tuberculosis (TB) disease and linked with negative regulation of IL-1 signaling. However, mice lacking IL-1 signaling can control Mtb infection if infected with an Mtb strain carrying the rifampin-resistance conferring mutation H445Y in its RNA polymerase β subunit (rpoB-H445Y Mtb). The mechanisms that govern protection in the absence of IL-1 signaling during rpoB-H445Y Mtb infection are unknown. In this study, …

Neurosteroids And Their Potential As A Safer Class Of General Anesthetics, Hiroki Tateiwa, Alex S Evers

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neurosteroids (NS) are a class of steroids that are synthesized within the central nervous system (CNS). Various NS can either enhance or inhibit CNS excitability and they play important biological roles in brain development, brain function and as mediators of mood. One class of NS, 3α-hydroxy-pregnane steroids such as allopregnanolone (AlloP) or pregnanolone (Preg), inhibits neuronal excitability; these endogenous NS and their analogues have been therapeutically applied as anti-depressants, anti-epileptics and general anesthetics. While NS have many favorable properties as anesthetics (e.g. rapid onset, rapid recovery, minimal cardiorespiratory depression, neuroprotection), they are not currently in clinical use, largely due to …

Neutrophils Are Indispensable For Adverse Cardiac Remodeling In Heart Failure, Sergey Antipenko, Nicolas Mayfield, Miki Jinno, Matthias Gunzer, Mohamed Ameen Ismahil, Tariq Hamid, Sumanth D Prabhu, Gregg Rokosh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Persistent immune activation contributes significantly to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and adverse remodeling in heart failure (HF). In contrast to their well-known essential role in acute myocardial infarction (MI) as first responders that clear dead cells and facilitate subsequent reparative macrophage polarization, the role of neutrophils in the pathobiology of chronic ischemic HF is poorly defined. To determine the importance of neutrophils in the progression of ischemic cardiomyopathy, we measured their production, levels, and activation in a mouse model of chronic HF 8 weeks after permanent coronary artery ligation and large MI. In HF mice, neutrophils were more abundant both …

Circpvt1 Promotes Migration And Invasion By Regulating Mir-490-5p/Havcr2 Axis In Osteosarcoma Cells, Chunbin Zhou, Lois Balmer, Manshu Song, Kezhou Wu, Wei Wang, Hu Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in the progression of osteosarcoma. However, the precise function of circPVT1 in osteosarcoma remains elusive. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the involvement of circPVT1 in osteosarcoma cells. We quantified circPVT1 expression using qRT-PCR in both control and osteosarcoma cell lines. To investigate the roles of circPVT1, miR-490-5p and HAVCR2 in vitro, we separately conducted overexpression and inhibition experiments for circPVT1, miR-490-5p and HAVCR2 in HOS and U2OS cells. Cell migration was assessed through wound healing and transwell migration assays, and invasion was measured via the Matrigel invasion assay. To …

Effects Of Far-Infrared Radiation Lamp Therapy On Recovery From A Simulated Soccer-Match In Elite Female Soccer Players, Wei-Chin Tseng, Kazunori Nosaka, Tai-Ying Chou, Glyn Howatson, Trevor C. Chen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

We investigated the effects of far-infrared radiation (FIR) lamp therapy on changes in muscle damage and performance parameters following six sets of 15-min Loughborough intermittent shuttle test (LIST), a simulated soccer match. Twenty-four elite female soccer players (20–24 y) were assigned into FIR or sham treatment group (n = 12/group). The participants received a 60-min FIR or sham treatment (30 min per muscle) over knee extensors (KE) and flexors (KF) at 2, 25, 49, 73, and 97 h post-LIST. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) torque and muscle soreness of the KE and KF, plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity as muscle …

Prevalence Of Frailty And Pain In Hospitalised Cancer Patients: Implications For Older Adult Care, Heather Lane, Rosemary Saunders, Kate Crookes, Seng G. M. Ang, Caroline Bulsara, Max K. Bulsara, Beverley Ewens, Olivia Gallagher, Karen Gullick, Sue Haydon, Jeff Hughes, Kim-Huong Nguyen, Karla Seaman, Christopher Etherton-Beer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

A hospital-wide point prevalence study investigated frailty and pain in patients with a cancer-related admission. Modifiable factors associated with frailty in people with cancer were determined through logistic regression. Forty-eight patients (19%) with cancer-related admissions were 2.65 times more likely to be frail and 2.12 more likely to have moderate pain. Frailty and pain were highly prevalent among cancer-related admissions, reinforcing the need for frailty screening and importance of pain assessment for patients with cancer.

Rapid Discrimination Of Four Salmonella Enterica Serovars: A Performance Comparison Between Benchtop And Handheld Raman Spectrometers, Quan Yuan, Bin Gu, Wei Liu, Xin-Ru Wen, Ji-Liang Wang, Jia-Wei Tang, Muhammad Usman, Su-Ling Liu, Yu-Rong Tang, Liang Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Foodborne illnesses, particularly those caused by Salmonella enterica with its extensive array of over 2600 serovars, present a significant public health challenge. Therefore, prompt and precise identification of S. enterica serovars is essential for clinical relevance, which facilitates the understanding of S. enterica transmission routes and the determination of outbreak sources. Classical serotyping methods via molecular subtyping and genomic markers currently suffer from various limitations, such as labour intensiveness, time consumption, etc. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop new diagnostic techniques. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that can generate Raman spectra, based on which …

Suboptimal Self-Reported Sleep Efficiency And Duration Are Associated With Faster Accumulation Of Brain Amyloid Beta In Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults, Louise N. Pivac, Belinda M. Brown, Kelsey R. Sewell, James D. Doecke, Victor L. Villemagne, Vincent Doré, Michael Weinborn, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Samantha L. Gardener, Romola S. Bucks, Simon M. Laws, Kevin Taddei, Paul Maruff, Colin L. Masters, Christopher Rowe, Ralph N. Martins, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: This study investigated whether self-reported sleep quality is associated with brain amyloid beta (AB) accumulation. METHODS: Linear mixed effect model analyses were conducted for 189 cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults (mean ± standard deviation 74.0 ± 6.2; 53.2% female), with baseline self-reported sleep data, and positron emission tomography-determined brain AB measured over a minimum of three time points (range 33.3–72.7 months). Analyses included random slopes and intercepts, interaction for apolipoprotein E (APOE) 4 allele status, and time, adjusting for sex and baseline age.

Results: Sleep duration < 6 hours, in APOE 4 carriers, and sleep efficiency < 65%, in the whole sample and APOE 4 non-carriers, is associated with faster accumulation of brain AB. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest a role for self-reported suboptimal sleep efficiency and duration in the accumulation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology in CU individuals. Additionally, poor sleep efficiency represents a potential route via which individuals at lower genetic risk may progress to preclinical AD. Highlights: In cognitively unimpaired older adults self-report sleep is associated with brain amyloid beta (AB) accumulation. Across sleep characteristics, this relationship differs by apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. Sleep duration < 6 hours is associated with faster brain AB accumulation in APOE 4 carriers. Sleep efficiency < 65% is associated with faster brain AB accumulation in APOE 4 non-carriers. Personalized sleep interventions should be studied for potential to slow AB accumulation.

Supporting Cancer Survivors Following Treatment For Non-Hodgkin's And Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Pilot Study Assessing The Feasibility And Process Outcomes Of A Nurse-Led Intervention, Amy J. Spooner, Jane Turner, Elise Button, Patsy Yates, Glen Kennedy, Jason Butler, Natalie Bradford, Alexandre Chan, Nicolas H. Hart, Raymond J. Chan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: Lymphoma is the sixth most common cancer in Australia and comprises 2.8% of worldwide cancer diagnoses. Research targeting development and evaluation of post-treatment care for debilitating complications resulting from the disease and its treatment is limited. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a nurse-led survivorship intervention, post-treatment in Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors. Methods: A single-center, prospective, 3-arm, pilot, randomized controlled, parallel-group trial was used. People with lymphoma were recruited and randomized to the intervention (ENGAGE), education booklet only, or usual care arm. Participants receiving ENGAGE received an educational booklet and were offered 3 consultations …

The Australian Multidomain Approach To Reduce Dementia Risk By Protecting Brain Health With Lifestyle Intervention Study (Au-Arrow): A Study Protocol For A Single-Blind, Multi-Site, Randomized Controlled Trial, Samantha L. Gardener, Stephanie J. Fuller, Sharon L. Naismith, Laura Baker, Miia Kivipelto, Victor L. Villemagne, Stuart M. Grieve, Paul Yates, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Juliana Chen, Belinda Thompson, Nicola J. Armstrong, Malika G. Fernando, Carolina B. Castro, Silochna Meghwar, Rema Raman, Andrew Gleason, Catriona Ireland, Roger Clarnette, Kaarin J. Anstey, Kevin Taddei, Manohar Garg, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study (FINGER) led to the global dementia risk reduction initiative: World-Wide FINGERS (WW-FINGERS). As part of WW-FINGERS, the Australian AU-ARROW study mirrors aspects of FINGER, as well as US-POINTER.

Method: AU-ARROW is a randomized, single-blind, multisite, 2-year clinical trial (n = 600; aged 55–79). The multimodal lifestyle intervention group will engage in aerobic exercise, resistance training and stretching, dietary advice to encourage MIND diet adherence, BrainHQ cognitive training, and medical monitoring and health education. The Health Education and Coaching group will receive occasional health education sessions. The primary outcome measure is the change in a …

Unlocking The Therapeutic Potential Of Ellagic Acid For Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease And Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis, Tharani Senavirathna, Armaghan Shafaei, Ricky Lareu, Lois Balmer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Obesity is in epidemic proportions in many parts of the world, contributing to increasing rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD represents a range of conditions from the initial stage of fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to severe fibrosis, through to hepatocellular carcinoma. There currently exists no treatment for the long-term management of NAFLD/NASH, however, dietary interventions have been investigated for the treatment of NASH, including several polyphenolic compounds. Ellagic acid is one such polyphenolic compound. Nutraceutical food abundant in ellagic acid undergoes initial hydrolysis to free ellagic acid within the stomach and small intestine. …

Deep-Learning-Based Image Super-Resolution Of An End-Expandable Optical Fiber Probe For Application In Esophageal Cancer Diagnostics, Xiaohui Zhang, Mimi Tan, Mansour Nabil, Richa Shukla, Shaleen Vasavada, Sharmila Anandasabapathy, Mark A Anastasio, Elena Petrova

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

SIGNIFICANCE: Endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer (EC) may enable early cancer diagnosis and treatment. While optical microendoscopic technology has shown promise in improving specificity, the limited field of view (

AIM: To improve the efficiency of endoscopic screening, we propose a novel concept of end-expandable endoscopic optical fiber probe for larger field of visualization and for the first time evaluate a deep-learning-based image super-resolution (DL-SR) method to overcome the issue of limited sampling capability.

APPROACH: To demonstrate feasibility of the end-expandable optical fiber probe, DL-SR was applied on simulated low-resolution microendoscopic images to generate super-resolved (SR) ones. Varying the degradation …

Long-Term Implantable Ventricular Assist Device Support In Children, Junsang Cho, Hari P Tunuguntla, Sebastian C Tume, Joseph A Spinner, Claire E Bocchini, Jun Teruya, Jeffrey S Heinle, Edward J Hickey, Iki Adachi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: In pediatrics, implantable continuous-flow ventricular assist devices (IC-VAD) are often used as a "temporary" support, bridging children to cardiac transplantation during the same hospital admission.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of our consecutive patients undergoing IC-VAD support at a tertiary pediatric heart center between 2008 and 2022.

Results: We identified 100 IC-VAD implant encounters: HeartWare HVAD (67; 67%), HeartMate II (17; 17%), and HeartMate 3 (16; 16%). The median (range) age, weight, and body surface area at implantation were 14.1 (3.0-56.5) years, 54.8 (13.3-140) kg, and 1.6 (0.6-2.6) m2, respectively. Cardiomyopathy (58; 58%) was the most common etiology, …

The Power And Promise Of Patient-Derived Xenografts Of Human Breast Cancer, Michael T Lewis, Carlos Caldas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In 2016, a group of researchers engaged in the development of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of human breast cancer provided a comprehensive review of the state of the field. In that review, they summarized the clinical problem that PDXs might address, the technical approaches to their generation (including a discussion of host animals and transplant conditions tested), and presented transplantation success (take) rates across groups and across transplantation conditions. At the time, there were just over 500 unique PDX models created by these investigators representing all three clinically defined subtypes (ER