Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Brain Health Index As A Predictor Of Possible Vascular Dementia In The Mexican Health And Aging Study 2012–2015, Sara G. Aguilar-Navarro, Sara G. Yeverino-Castro, Silvia Mejia-Arango, Rogelio Moctezuma, Teresa Juarez-Cedillo, Alberto José Mimenza-Alvarado

School of Medicine Publications

To determine the burden of disease among subjects at risk of developing stroke or dementia, brain health indexes (BHI) tend to rely on anatomical features. Recent definitions emphasize the need of a broader perspective that encompasses cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFS) and lifestyle components which can be considered partial contributors to optimal brain health. In this study, we aimed to establish the association and risk detected by a Brain Health Index and the risk of possible vascular dementia (PVD) using data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) 2012–2015. The MHAS is a longitudinal study of adults aged ≥ 50 …

Impact Of Combinatorial Histone Modifications On Acetyllysine Recognition By The Atad2 And Atad2b Bromodomains, Margaret Phillips, Kiera L Malone, Brian W Boyle, Cameron Montgomery, Isabelle A Kressy, Faith M Joseph, Kathleen M Bright, Samuel P Boyson, Sunsik Chang, Jay C Nix, Nicolas L Young, Victoria Jeffers, Seth Frietze, Karen C Glass

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The ATPase family AAA+ domain containing 2 (ATAD2) protein and its paralog ATAD2B have a C-terminal bromodomain (BRD) that functions as a reader of acetylated lysine residues on histone proteins. Using a structure–function approach, we investigated the ability of the ATAD2/B BRDs to select acetylated lysine among multiple histone post-translational modifications. The ATAD2B BRD can bind acetylated histone ligands that also contain adjacent methylation or phosphorylation marks, while the presence of these modifications significantly weakened the acetyllysine binding activity of the ATAD2 BRD. Our structural studies provide mechanistic insights into how ATAD2/B BRD-binding pocket residues coordinate the acetyllysine group in …

Accessibility, Relevance, And Impact Of A Symptom Monitoring Tool For Home Hospice Care: Theory Elaboration And Qualitative Assessment, Karla T Washington, Debra Parker Oliver, Allison K Donehower, Patrick White, Jacquelyn J Benson, Patrick G Lyons, George Demiris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Early users found Engagement and Visualization to Improve Symptoms in Oncology Care (ENVISION), a web-based application designed to improve home management of hospice patients' symptoms and support patients' and family caregivers' well-being, to be generally useful and easy to use. However, they also raised concerns about potential challenges users with limited technological proficiency might experience.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to concurrently accomplish two interrelated study aims: (1) to develop a conceptual framework of digital inclusivity for health information systems and (2) to apply the framework in evaluating the digital inclusivity of the ENVISION application.

METHODS: We engaged ENVISION users (N=34) …

Health Equity Engineering: Optimizing Hope For A New Generation Of Healthcare, Felicity T Enders, Joyce E Balls-Berry, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Medical researchers are increasingly prioritizing the inclusion of underserved communities in clinical studies. However, mere inclusion is not enough. People from underserved communities frequently experience chronic stress that may lead to accelerated biological aging and early morbidity and mortality. It is our hope and intent that the medical community come together to engineer improved health outcomes for vulnerable populations. Here, we introduce Health Equity Engineering (HEE), a comprehensive scientific framework to guide research on the development of tools to identify individuals at risk of poor health outcomes due to chronic stress, the integration of these tools within existing healthcare system …

Solutes Unmask Differences In Clustering Versus Phase Separation Of Fet Proteins, Mrityunjoy Kar, Laura T Vogel, Gaurav Chauhan, Suren Felekyan, Hannes Ausserwöger, Timothy J Welsh, Furqan Dar, Anjana R Kamath, Tuomas P J Knowles, Anthony A Hyman, Claus A M Seidel, Rohit V Pappu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Phase separation and percolation contribute to phase transitions of multivalent macromolecules. Contributions of percolation are evident through the viscoelasticity of condensates and through the formation of heterogeneous distributions of nano- and mesoscale pre-percolation clusters in sub-saturated solutions. Here, we show that clusters formed in sub-saturated solutions of FET (FUS-EWSR1-TAF15) proteins are affected differently by glutamate versus chloride. These differences on the nanoscale, gleaned using a suite of methods deployed across a wide range of protein concentrations, are prevalent and can be unmasked even though the driving forces for phase separation remain unchanged in glutamate versus chloride. Strikingly, differences in anion-mediated …

Contents Of Vol. 31, No.1, April 2024, Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

This is the Cover and the Contents of the Vol. 31 No. 1 2024

Quality Improvement Initiative For Anaphylaxis Treatment In A Pediatric Emergency Department, Kaitlyn Leahey, Jack Becker, Angela Kim

St. Chris Research Day

No abstract provided.

Improving The Utilization Of Lunch Breaks For Nursing Staff, Norma Dawson, Kelsey Robinson, Bridget Miller, Deborah Monck, Beth Kessler

Operations Transformation

The Med-Surg Unit at LincolnHealth has a high number of nursing staff missing lunch breaks, despite encouragement and existing efforts to promote taking breaks. In addition, there are many instances where staff are not accounting for the breaks they have taken on their time sheets.

Knowledge, Health Beliefs, And Attitudes Toward Dementia Risk Reduction Among Rural Older Adults: A Qualitative Study, Jayanti Ray

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Dementia, characterized by compromised memory, reasoning, and problem-solving, is one of the major health concerns for older adults in rural areas. Literature has indicated that there are gaps in knowledge about what older adults in rural communities know about dementia and its risk factors. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the knowledge, health beliefs, and attitudes toward dementia and its risk factors among older adults in rural areas. This study aimed to determine gaps in older adults’ knowledge of dementia and its risk factors and to identify their understanding of lifestyle factors and strategies that were likely …

Not Your Typical Recurrent Pericarditis Patient!, Tarek Alsibai, Naomi Cret, Shaiva G. Meka

Conference Presentation Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Acidic Media On Surface Topography And Color Stability Of Two Different Glass Ceramics, Fatma Makkeyah, Nesrine A. Elsahn, Mahmoud Bakr, Mahmoud Al Ankily

Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Examining The Diagnostic Accuracy Of A Novel Performance-Based Test For Alzheimer's Disease Screening, A. M. Reed, K. Duff, L. E. Dibble, S. S. Paul, Andrew Hooyman, S. Y. Schaefer

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Affordable, rapid methods for identifying mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are needed. A simple, brief performance-based test involving the learning of functional upper-extremity movements has been developed and is associated with AD pathology and functional decline. However, its specificity to AD relative to other neurodegenerative diseases that present with motor impairment is unknown. This study examined whether this novel test could distinguish between 34 participants diagnosed with mild AD (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale = 0.5-1) from 23 participants with mild-to-moderate Parkinson’s disease (PD) (Hoehn & Yahr = 2-3) using Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis of secondary data from two separate clinical trials. …

Language-Based Acculturation Is Linked With Reproductive Autonomy Among Oregon Mexican-Origin Latinas, Sara Diaz-Anaya, Emily R. Boniface, Grace Parra, Edlyn Wolwowicz, Blair G. Darney

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

We test whether level of acculturation is associated with reproductive autonomy among Mexican-origin Latinas in Oregon.

Do More Than Train New Nurses...Retain Them! A Qualitative Research Study, Kerrin L. Hampton

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study is to understand the orientation experiences of new graduate nurses and identify retention practices that are relevant and beneficial to the population of interest. Study participants were new graduate nurses employed at a five-hospital healthcare system. Using social constructivism as the theoretical framework, the study sought to answer the research question of what are the lived experiences of new graduate nurses during orientation? Ten new graduate nurses participated in individual interviews to discuss their personal orientation experiences. The interviews informed the researcher regarding the meaning and value new graduates place on their orientation …

Faith-Based Intervention To Prevent Adolescent Self-Injury: An Integrative Review, Adekemi O. Akinyemi

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This integrative review explores the efficacy of incorporating faith-based (Christian/spiritual) interventions within the framework of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to prevent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents aged 11-19. As the prevalence of NSSI among this demographic group continues to rise, understanding the potential benefits and challenges of integrating faith-based components into evidence-based therapeutic approaches is crucial. The review synthesizes existing literature, drawing on empirical studies, theoretical frameworks, and clinical evidence to assess the impact of faith-based integration in DBT. Through a comprehensive analysis of diverse sources (e.g. CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, NIH) this review was able to shed light on the …

Comparative Analysis Of Polyphenol Content, Antioxidant Activity And Antimicrobial Properties In Endemic And Widespread Allium Species Of Tajikistan, Fazila Mirzoeva, Saidbeg Satorov, Salomuddin Usufi, Vyacheslav Dushenkov, Shukhratdzhon Shukhratdzhon

Publications and Research

In Tajikistan, the Allium genus is notably prolific, with over 80 species documented, and new species continually being identified in the mountainous regions. The Gorno- Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAO) of Tajikistan, within the Pamir Mountains, is significant for its 31 distinct Allium species, including endemics like A. afghanicum Wendelbo and A. schugnanicum Vved. The distribution of these species is often geographically restricted, and their biological activities, especially their antimicrobial properties, remain largely unexplored, presenting significant opportunities for future phytochemical and pharmacological research. This scholarly inquiry is aimed at contributing substantially to the academic discourse on the therapeutic capacities of Allium …

Androgen Deprivation Induces Neuroendocrine Phenotypes In Prostate Cancer Cells Through Creb1/Ezh2-Mediated Downregulation Of Rest, Dayong Zheng, Yan Zhang, Sukjin Yang, Ning Su, Michael Bakhoum, Guoliang Zhang, Samira Naderinezhad, Zhengmei Mao, Zheng Wang, Ting Zhou, Wenliang Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although effective initially, prolonged androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) promotes neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) and prostate cancer (PCa) progression. It is incompletely understood how ADT transcriptionally induces NE genes in PCa cells. CREB1 and REST are known to positively and negatively regulate neuronal gene expression in the brain, respectively. No direct link between these two master neuronal regulators has been elucidated in the NED of PCa. We show that REST mRNA is downregulated in NEPC cell and mouse models, as well as in patient samples. Phenotypically, REST overexpression increases ADT sensitivity, represses NE genes, inhibits colony formation in culture, and xenograft tumor …

Photochemical And Biological Dual-Effects Enhance The Inhibition Of Photosensitizers For Tumour Growth, Huiyu Niu, Yang Liu, Yafu Wang, Yonggang Yang, Ge Wang, Tony D James, Jonathan L Sessler, Hua Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Photosensitizers typically rely on a singular photochemical reaction to generate reactive oxygen species, which can then inhibit or eradicate lesions. However, photosensitizers often exhibit limited therapeutic efficiency due to their reliance on a single photochemical effect. Herein, we propose a new strategy that integrates the photochemical effect (type-I photochemical effect) with a biological effect (proton sponge effect). To test our strategy, we designed a series of photosensitizers (ZZ-sers) based on the naphthalimide molecule. ZZ-sers incorporate both a p-toluenesulfonyl moiety and weakly basic groups to activate the proton sponge effect while simultaneously strengthening the type-I photochemical effect, resulting in enhanced …

The Inform (International Framework For Rehabilitation Medics) Project To Strengthen The Medical Specialty, Man Hung, Himani Patel, Samantha Lee, Justin Nguyen, Amir Mohajeri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

(1) Background: This study examines vitamin D’s impact on dental caries to inform prevention strategies, given its critical role in bone and calcium regulation, vital for dental health. (2) Methods: Data from 18,683 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2016 were analyzed. NHANES collects U.S. population data through interviews, physical exams, and tests, including vitamin D levels and dental health assessed using both the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and the presence of untreated dental caries. Vitamin D levels were measured according to serum 25(OH)D concentrations, and the analyses adjusted for confounders such as …

Poptosis Or Peptide-Induced Transmembrane Pore Formation: A Novel Way To Kill Cancer Cells Without Affecting Normal Cells, Matthew Pincus, Miriam Silberstein, Nitzan Zohar, Ehsan Sarafraz-Yazdi, Wilbur Bowne

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Recent advances in cancer treatment like personalized chemotherapy and immunotherapy are aimed at tumors that meet certain specifications. In this review, we describe a new approach to general cancer treatment, termed peptide-induced poptosis, in which specific peptides, e.g., PNC-27 and its shorter analogue, PNC-28, that contain the segment of the p53 transactivating 12-26 domain that bind to HDM-2 in its 1-109 domain, bind to HDM-2 in the membranes of cancer cells, resulting in transmembrane pore formation and the rapid extrusion of cancer cell contents, i.e., tumor cell necrosis. These peptides cause tumor cell necrosis of a wide variety of solid …

Adapting To Change: Adn Faculty Perspectives About The Future Of Adn Education: A Qualitative Case Study, Linda D. John

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative, single case study was to offer more insight into how the adoption of the BSN as the entry-level for nursing practice affects the future ADN education and what the change means for ADN faculty at multiple programs throughout regions of the United States. Eleven ADN faculty were sampled to acquire their perspective about this phenomenon. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews enabled data collection. Rogers’ diffusion of innovation theory (DIT) facilitated an understanding about how ADN faculty are responding and adapting to the anticipated educational change. The central research question asked, “What is the perspective of ADN faculty …

Improving The Socio-Emotional Competence Of Academic Nurse Educators: An Experimental Study, Helen Freeman

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

An academic nurse educator with a high level of socio-emotional competence (SEC) can create an inviting learning environment that promotes the highest level of achievement from students. The purpose of this two-group pretest-posttest experimental study was to determine the extent of effectiveness of socio-emotional intelligence education and a reflection-guided professional development plan in improving the socio-emotional competence of academic nurse educators. The Bar-On emotional social intelligence (ESI) conceptual model and the Purkey invitational theory were frameworks used to guide the study. The Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i 2.0) was used as the data collection instrument to measure the pretest and posttest …

The Impact Of Reporting Patient Safety Events: An Integrative Review, Catherine M. Amitrano

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Since the 1999 Institute of Medicine landmark report, To Err is Human, leading organizations such as the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality have been working with healthcare leaders to reduce patient harm. A problem in healthcare is errors continue to occur at alarming rates. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted patient safety efforts and organizations are trying to get to pre-pandemic patient safety progress. The purpose of this integrative review was to review and evaluate individual research studies on patient safety event reporting and summarize what is known about the topic in terms of how patient safety event reporting impacts patient …

The Experience Of Nursing Faculty In Uganda Integrating Technology In The Classroom: A Phenomenology Study, Catherine Nankanja

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to understand the lived experiences of nursing faculty in integrating digital technology in the classroom in Uganda. Technology penetration in Uganda, a developing country, is still minimal and as a result little is known about impact of digital technology integration in the nursing education. This study was guided by this central research question: What is the experience of nursing faculty in Uganda in integrating digital technology in the classroom? There were four other sub-questions. The study was founded on the connectivism learning theory, which emphasizes leveraging digital technology in education. However, to …

Exploring The Lived Experiences Of Rural Texas School Counselors Working With Students’ Mental Health After The Covid-19 Pandemic, Lanessa K. Allman

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was to describe the lived experiences of rural Texas counselors when working with students’ mental health in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to answer questions of what school counselors describe as the mental health environment for students in rural Texas schools prior, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic and the changes in the mental health environment of rural students. Most existing research has been focused on how COVID-19 changed school counselors’ roles and responsibilities and how the pandemic affected students’ mental health. The current study concentrated on the …

Facilitator Ethnicity And Clinical Judgement Among Senior Minority Students Using Unfolding Case Studies, Rachael King

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Unfolding case studies are a technique used in advancing critical thinking in order for nursing students to enhance their clinical judgement. The format at which they are delivered can influence the degree of learning, understanding, applying, analyzing, and evaluating for students, especially senior minority nursing students. This quasi-experimental posttest survey between-groups study involved implementing unfolding case studies with a randomly selected minority or non-minority facilitator video recording for senior minority nursing students. After completing the case study, all participants were given a posttest survey, the Clinical Decision Making in Nursing Scale (Jenkins, 1983). The survey evaluates students’ self-perceived clinical judgement. …

Viral Reprogramming Of Host Transcription Initiation, Nathan A. Ungerleider, Claire Roberts, Tina M. O’Grady, Trang T. Nguyen, Melody Baddoo, Jia Wang, Eman Ishaq, Monica Concha, Meggie Lam, Jordan Bass, Truong D. Nguyen, Nick Van Otterloo, Nadeeshika Wickramarachchige-Dona, Dorota Wyczechowska, Maria Morales, Tianfang Ma, Yan Dong, Erik K. Flemington

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Viruses are master remodelers of the host cell environment in support of infection and virus production. For example, viruses typically regulate cell gene expression through modulating canonical cell promoter activity. Here, we show that Epstein Barr virus (EBV) replication causes ‘de novo’ transcription initiation at 29674 new transcription start sites throughout the cell genome. De novo transcription initiation is facilitated in part by the unique properties of the viral pre-initiation complex (vPIC) that binds a TATT[T/A]AA, TATA box-like sequence and activates transcription with minimal support by additional transcription factors. Other de novo promoters are driven by the viral transcription factors, …

Twist1 Drives Cytotoxic Cd8+ T-Cell Exhaustion Through Transcriptional Activation Of Cd274 (Pd-L1) Expression In Breast Cancer Cells, Xiaobin Yu, Jianming Xu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In breast cancer, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is positively associated with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and immune escape, and TWIST1 silences ERα expression and induces EMT and cancer metastasis. However, how TWIST1 regulates PD-L1 and immune evasion is unknown. This study analyzed TWIST1 and PD-L1 expression in breast cancers, investigated the mechanism for TWIST1 to regulate PD-L1 transcription, and assessed the effects of TWIST1 and PD-L1 in cancer cells on cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, TWIST1 expression is correlated with high-level PD-L1 expression in ERα-negative breast cancer cells. The overexpression and knockdown of TWIST1 robustly upregulate and downregulate PD-L1 …

Quantification Of Visceral Fat At The L5 Vertebral Body Level In Patients With Crohn's Disease Using T2-Weighted Mri, Favour Garuba, Aravinda Ganapathy, Spencer Mckinley, Karan H Jani, Adriene Lovato, Satish E Viswanath, Scott Mchenry, Parakkal Deepak, David H Ballard

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The umbilical or L3 vertebral body level is often used for body fat quantification using computed tomography. To explore the feasibility of using clinically acquired pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for visceral fat measurement, we examined the correlation of visceral fat parameters at the umbilical and L5 vertebral body levels. We retrospectively analyzed T2-weighted half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) MR axial images from Crohn's disease patients who underwent MRI enterography of the abdomen and pelvis over a three-year period. We determined the area/volume of subcutaneous and visceral fat from the umbilical and L5 levels and calculated the visceral …

Patients’ Attitudes Towards Medical Students’ Participation In Procedures And Clinical Examinations In Lebanon, Rim Taleb, Racha Ftouni, Malak Abdel Khalek, Lama Uweis, Ali Yassine, Hussein Shoumar

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Medical practice revolves around patients’ safety and ensuring their well-being. Patients’ cooperation with medical students in their examination and management is an indispensable aspect of clinical education. They have the right to accept or refuse the participation of students in their care. However, students need to be integrated in this learning process. This presents a conflict between patients’ healthcare rights and medical students’ learning opportunities. Therefore, this study aims to explore patients’ attitudes towards the participation of medical students in procedures and examinations in Lebanon and identify the factors that affect their participation. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using …