Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Podcast On Practical Considerations In Patients With Advanced Urothelial Cancer Receiving First-Line Cisplatin- Or Carboplatin-Based Chemotherapy Followed By Avelumab Maintenance In A Changing Therapeutic Landscape, Jun Gong, Melissa A Reimers

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Platinum-based chemotherapy has been the cornerstone of first-line treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma for decades, based on its proven efficacy and well-characterized safety profile. Although enfortumab vedotin (EV) plus pembrolizumab showed superior efficacy versus platinum-based chemotherapy in the EV-302 phase 3 trial, common and potentially cumulative toxicities associated with EV plus pembrolizumab may make this combination less suitable for some patients, such as those with pre-existing neuropathy, hyperglycemia, or hepatic impairment, or patients likely to have favorable outcomes with platinum-based chemotherapy. The availability of EV plus pembrolizumab in various countries may also be limited by financial considerations. Thus, platinum-based chemotherapy …

Diverse And Multifunctional Roles For Perlecan (Hspg2) In Repair Of The Intervertebral Disc, James Melrose, Farshid Guilak

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Perlecan is a widely distributed, modular, and multifunctional heparan sulfate proteoglycan, which facilitates cellular communication with the extracellular environment to promote tissue development, tissue homeostasis, and optimization of biomechanical tissue functions. Perlecan-mediated osmotic mechanotransduction serves to regulate the metabolic activity of cells in tissues subjected to tension, compression, or shear. Perlecan interacts with a vast array of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins through which it stabilizes tissues and regulates the proliferation or differentiation of resident cell populations. Here we examine the roles of the HS-proteoglycan perlecan in the normal and destabilized intervertebral disc. The intervertebral disc cell has evolved to survive …

Complex Multi-Site Stereotactic Body Re-Irradiation With Ct-Guided Online Adaptive Radiotherapy, Domenic Sievert, Alden D'Souza, Xiaodong Zhao, Michael T. Prusator, Tom Mazur, Hyun Kim, Dean Hobbis

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Online adaptive radiotherapy optimizes a patient's treatment plan to their daily anatomy to account for inter-fraction motion. Daily target and organ-at-risk (OAR) delineation allows for optimized treatments and has been shown to have favorable outcomes in the abdominal region. Adaptive radiotherapy also has the potential to support fine control of dose in re-irradiation to OARs. Herein, we describe a complex multi-site re-irradiation case utilizing CT-guided adaptive radiotherapy. A 46-year-old man with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma presented for re-irradiation of four metastatic lesions to the right acetabulum, T11, S2, and a gastrosplenic lymph node (gsLN). The right acetabulum, T11, and S2 lesions …

Single-Isocenter, Multiple-Target Abdominal Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (Cbct)-Guided Online Adaptive Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (Sbrt), Chipo Raranje, Thomas R. Mazur, Allen Mo, Eric Laugeman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is increasingly being prescribed for treating patients with multiple metastases, especially in the setting of oligometastatic disease. Treating multiple targets presents unique challenges in radiotherapy planning and delivery, including practical considerations relating to treatment time, resource allocation, and treatment planning complexity. Treating targets in a common isocenter reduces the time required for treatment and simplifies planning, but historically, it has often not been feasible due to inter- and intra-fractional variation in relative target positions. With online adaptation, individual targets can be re-contoured on each treatment fraction to obviate inter-fractional variation, and with appropriate margin selection intra-fractional …

Contraceptive Uptake In Postpartum People With And Without Opioid Use Disorder And Opioid Use With Co-Occurring Substance Use, Jennifer K Bello, Kevin Y Xu, Joanne Salas, Jeannie Kelly, Richard A Grucza

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Using contraception to delay pregnancy allows people with opioid use disorder (OUD) to choose when they are ready to continue their families. Yet, postpartum contraceptive uptake among people with OUD has not been well characterized.

METHODS: Analyses used 73,811 pregnancy episodes among 61,221 people (2016-2021) from the St. Louis University-SSM Virtual Data Warehouse. OUD was defined from the year prior and through pregnancy. Contraceptive uptake was defined within 90-days after delivery. We used Generalized Estimating Equations-type multinomial logit models to assess association of OUD +/- co-occurring substance use disorders (SUDs) with any contraception (yes/no) and type of contraception (effective …

The Use Of Transvaginal Ultrasound Alters Physiologic Uterine Peristalsis In Gynecologic Participants, Kelsey Anderson, Sicheng Wang, Stephanie Pizzella, Qing Wang, Yong Wang, Valerie Ratts

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To study whether transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) affected the uterine peristalsis (UP) patterns in nonpregnant participants.

DESIGN: Institutional review board-approved, prospective observational cohort study. The noninvasive UP imaging (UPI) system uses electrode patches placed on the patient's skin just above the pubic bone and on the low back to quantify the 3-dimensional electrical activation pattern during UP by calculating peristalsis frequency, duration, magnitude, and activation ratio. A 20-minute UPI scan was completed without TVUS followed by a 10-minute UPI scan acquired simultaneously during TVUS examination as a comparison.

SETTING: University medical center.

PATIENTS: Twenty-eight participants with regular menstrual cycles not …

Avoiding The Pitfalls Of The Dsm-5: A Primer For Health Professionals, Darren Haywood, David J. Castle, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5), is the leading system guiding the diagnosis of mental disorders. Accurate diagnoses of mental disorders are fundamental to guiding treatment and supportive care and have potential impacts on resources available to individuals. However, the DSM has the allure of ‘tick box’ diagnosis rather than biopsychosocial formulation and treatment planning, as well as multiple limitations impacting validity. Further, even with accurate diagnosis, there are strong concerns related to the reliability and validity of DSM diagnoses for clinical practice and research efforts. Understanding these limitations can help reduce errors and sub-optimal clinical decisions, …

Effects Of Increased Nitrate Intake From Beetroot Juice On Blood Markers Of Oxidative Stress And Inflammation In Older Adults With Hypertension, Rebeka Fejes, Nina Pilat, Martin Lutnik, Stefan Weisshaar, Anna M. Weijler, Karsten Krüger, Agnes Draxler, Laura Bragagna, Jonathan M. Peake, Richard J. Woodman, Kevin D. Croft, Catherine P. Bondonno, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Karl Heinz Wagner, Michael Wolzt, Oliver Neubauer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Vascular oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation are important in the pathology of cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension. Cell culture and animal studies suggest that inorganic dietary nitrate may attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation through nitric oxide (NO), and there is a need to investigate whether this translates to humans. Aim: In this randomised, placebo-controlled crossover study, by measuring a combination of multiple blood biomarkers, we evaluated whether previously reported benefits of dietary nitrate translate to a reduced oxidative stress and an improved inflammation status in 15 men and women (age range: 56–71 years) with treated hypertension. Methods: We investigated the …

An Exploration Of Low Back Beliefs Of Male Pre-Professional And Professional Dancers, Isaac Campbell, Robyn Fary, Luke Hopper, Danica Hendry

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Globally, male dancers are affected by low back pain (LBP) up to 2.5 times more than female dancers. While female dancers’ beliefs around LBP and dance-specific low back movements exist, no research has explored male dancers’ beliefs. This study aimed to (1) examine the low back beliefs of Australian male professional and pre-professional dancers, and (2) determine if beliefs toward common low back movements and lifting differed when current LBP or history of disabling LBP (DLBP) were considered. Methods: 40 male dancers (mean age [SD] 26.9 years [7.9]) from a range of dance backgrounds (all participating in ballet) were …

Hla-A01 And Hla-B27 Supertypes, But Not Hla Homozygocity, Correlate With Clinical Outcome Among Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Pembrolizumab In Combination With Chemotherapy, Afaf Abed, Anna Reid, Ngie Law, Michael Millward, Elin S. Gray

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Maximal heterozygosity on the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci has been found to be associated with improved survival and development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) among NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy. Here, we investigated the effect of germline HLA-I/-II on clinical outcomes among NSCLC patients treated with first-line pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy. Method: We prospectively recruited patients with NSCLC who were commencing first-line pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy. DNA from white blood cells was used for high-resolution HLA-I/II typing. Results: Of the 65 patients recruited, 53 complied with the inclusion criteria. We did not find an association between …

Return To Play Time After Achilles Tendon Rupture In Professional Soccer Players, Oyinkansola Mudasiru, Amanda Killeen

School of Podiatric Medicine - Student Research

Introduction: Achilles tendon ruptures are severe injuries that drastically affect the careers of athletes. These ruptures typically occur during matches, often due to dorsiflexion of the ankle during passes or when tackling. Professional athletes tend to have surgical repair quickly with the goal of returning to their sport as fast as possible.

Objective: To present a scoping review to identify the return to play (RTP) rates following Achilles tendon rupture and whether these athletes achieve functional outcomes comparable to their pre- operative conditions.

Methods: 2 databases were queried; Google Scholar and PubMed using the search terms "Achilles tendon rupture" AND …

Concordance Of Her2 Expression In Paired Primary And Metastatic Sites Of Endometrial Serous Carcinoma And The Effect Of Intratumoral Heterogeneity, Francis Hong Xin Yap, Yancey Wilson, Joanne Peverall, Benhur Amanuel, Ben Allanson, Sukeerat Ruba

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Primary endometrial serous carcinoma, known for its aggressive nature and poor prognosis, shares similarities with breast and gastric cancers in terms of potential HER2 overexpression as a therapeutic target. Assessing HER expression is complicated by tumor heterogeneity and discrepancies between primary and metastatic sites. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed HER amplification and expression in 16 pairs of primary endometrial serous carcinoma resections and corresponding metastases. HER2 status was determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC), with criteria based on the percentage and intensity of tumor cell staining. Confirmatory techniques, such as dual in situ hybridization (DISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), …

The Influence Of Individual Factors On The Career Preferences And Specialty Choices Of Final-Year Nursing Students, Edah Anyango, Irene Ngune, Janie Brown, Esther Adama

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Statistical evidence shows that nursing students prefer a professional career in hospital settings, leading to a lack of career interest in non-hospital settings such as community and residential aged care facilities. The lack of preference for non-hospital settings has persisted over several decades and presents a need for different approaches that may reveal new information to better understand the individual factors that influence specialty choices and preferences from the students' viewpoints. Purpose: The aims of this study were to (1) explore individual factors that impact the nursing specialty choices of final-year nursing students and (2) explore how these factors …

Clinician's Perspectives On The Feasibility Of Patient Controlled Analgesia In Emergency Departments: A Qualitative Descriptive Study, Natasya Raja Azlan, Caroline Bulsara, Leanne Monterosso, Max Bulsara, Gail Ross-Adjie

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Despite pain being the most common reason for patients to visit the emergency department (ED), conventional pain management methods are often inadequate. Patient controlled analgesia (PCA), which allows patients to self-administer intravenous analgesia, is widely used across many hospital wards, however, is not routinely used in ED. We aimed to identify clinicians’ perceptions of PCA use in the ED setting. Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed using semi-structured individual interviews conducted with ED clinicians from two hospitals in Western Australia. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Data saturation was achieved after …

Anti-Inflammatory And Anti-(Lymph)Angiogenic Properties Of An Abcb5+ Limbal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Population, Berbang Meshko, Thomas L. A. Volatier, Johanna Mann, Mark A. Kluth, Christoph Ganss, Markus H. Frank, Natasha Y. Frank, Bruce R. Ksander, Claus Cursiefen, Maria Notara

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Corneal transparency and avascularity are essential for vision. The avascular cornea transitions into the vascularized conjunctiva at the limbus. Here, we explore a limbal stromal cell sub-population that expresses ABCB5 and has mesenchymal stem cell characteristics. Human primary corneal stromal cells were enriched for ABCB5 by using FACS sorting. ABCB5+ cells expressed the MSC markers CD90, CD73, and CD105. ABCB5+ but not ABCB5− cells from the same donor displayed evidence of pluripotency with a significantly higher colony-forming efficiency and the ability of trilineage differentiation (osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic). The ABCB5+ cell secretome demonstrated lower levels of the pro-inflammatory protein MIF …

Effect Of Maternal Prebiotic Supplementation On Human Milk Immunological Composition: Insights From The Symba Study, Nivedithaa Divakara, Zac Dempsey, Chitra Saraswati, Johan Garssen, Desiree Silva, Jeffrey A. Keelan, Claus T. Christophersen, Matthew N. Cooper, Susan L. Prescott, Debra J. Palmer, Valerie Verhasselt, Patricia Macchiaverni

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Immunomodulatory proteins in human milk (HM) can shape infant immune development. However, strategies to modulate their levels are currently unknown. This study investigated whether maternal prebiotic supplementation alters the levels of immunomodulatory proteins in HM.

Methods: The study was nested within the SYMBA double-blind randomized controlled trial (ACTRN12615001075572), which investigated the effects of maternal prebiotic (short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides/long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides) supplementation from <21 weeks gestation during pregnancy until 6 months postnatal during lactation on child allergic disease risk. Mother–child dyads receiving prebiotics (n = 46) or placebo (n = 54) were included in this study. We measured the levels of 24 immunomodulatory proteins in HM collected at 2, 4, and 6 months.

Results: Cluster analysis showed that the overall immunomodulatory protein composition of milk samples from both groups was similar. At 2 months, HM of prebiotic-supplemented women had decreased levels of TGF-β1 and TSLP (95% CI: −17.4 [−29.68, −2.28] and −57.32 …

Violence And Abuse Towards Grandparent Kinship Carers In Informal Kinship Care Context, Hajara Bentum, Vicki Banham, Kwadwo Adusei-Asante

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Violence and abuse by grandchildren towards their grandparent kinship carers is an important but under-researched issue. Research evidence on the perceived legitimacy of aged-related myths, beliefs, and witchcraft accusations against older people, especially grandparents, in Ghana and Africa suggest that violence and abuse against grandparent kinship carers could be common. This study explored the types of violence or abuse experienced by grandparent kinship carers, and the meanings grandparents associate with the abuse. Thirty-one grandparents were recruited from four communities in Ghana following a horizontal network sampling approach and interviewed using a qualitative in-depth narrative storytelling strategy. Analysis of the narratives …

Large Deviation Theory In Stochastic Processes: Applications To Biological Modeling, Moshe C. Silverstein

Dissertations

This dissertation delves into developing and applying stochastic models to analyze complex biological systems. It leverages Large Deviation Theory (LDT) to gain insights into these systems, focusing on two key examples: neural networks and calcium signaling dynamics. Traditional deterministic methods frequently fail to capture biological processes' randomness and inherent variability. Meanwhile, many stochastic approaches struggle to be mathematically tractable or provide accessible insights. The approach introduced in this study provides rigorous mathematical frameworks to enhance understanding of these stochastic behaviors while remaining tractable and insightful.

A stochastic model for a random biological neural network is constructed that addresses the dependencies …

Recent Updates On Dried Blood Spot And Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling As Microsampling Technique For Antiepileptic Drug Determination: A Systematic Review, Asmiladita Pridilla, Yahdiana Harahap, Denni Joko Purwanto, Baitha Palanggatan Maggadani

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Implementation of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) can be useful for patients with uncontrolled seizures. This review article aims to collect and compare the recent development of bioanalytical methods for antiepileptic drugs using microsampling techniques, namely DBS (Dried Blood Spot) and VAMS (Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling). Studies were searched through databases, namely Science Direct, Pubmed, and the Google Scholar search engine using pre-determined keywords. Studies published between 2019 and 2024 and used micro-sampling techniques for antiepileptic drug analysis were included. Non-English studies, non-related studies, duplication, and full text unavailable were excluded. Primary sources were used to build a conclusion regarding the purpose …

Biosynthesis Of Agnps Mediated By Equisetum Debile Roxb. Herb Water Extract And Its Potency As An Antioxidant, Yuni Retnaningtyas, Alviani Dwi Karmilasari, Endah Puspitasari

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are metal nanoparticles currently under development. AgNPs are recognized for their remarkable stability, low reactivity, and advantageous biological properties, including antioxidant activity. Phenolic compounds derived from the Equisetum debile Roxb. (Ed-R) herb have the potential to be explored as bio-reduction and capping agents in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The primary objective of this study is to synthesize AgNPs using a water extract from Ed-R herb and to assess their antioxidant activity. The optimal composition for the biosynthesis of AgNPs comprises 10% Ed-R water extract, 8.0 mM AgNO₃, and deionized water in a ratio of …

Correlation Between Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea And Vomiting With Quality Of Life In Patients With Ovarian Cancer At Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Veinardi Madjid, David Calvin, Gatot Purwoto, Tofan Widya Utami, Tricia Dewi Anggraeni, Dhanasari Vidiawati, Hariyono Winarto

Makara Journal of Health Research

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting (NV) remain as side effects of chemotherapy, which has a detrimental effect on patients’ quality of life (QOL) and treatment adherence. This study aimed to determine the effect of chemotherapy-induced NV (CINV) on the QOL of patients with ovarian cancer treated with chemotherapy at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with ovarian cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy regimens of carboplatin and paclitaxel. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment helped translate the Quality-of-Life Questionnaire-OV28 (QLQ-OV28) into Indonesian and tested it in a preliminary study. The approved Indonesian version …

A Global, Propensity-Score Matched Analysis Of Patients Receiving Inflatable Penile Prostheses And The Risk Of Complications, Infections, And Re-Interventions, Halle E. Foss, Zachary J. Prebay, David Ebbott, Matthew B. Buck, Michael Li, Paul H. Chung

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

Background: Over 25,000 men undergo inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement yearly to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). Although various comorbidities are hypothesized risk factors for complications, this remains incompletely understood. Our objective was to utilize multi-institutional data to characterize risk for reintervention, complications, and infections in patients with common suspected risk factors undergoing IPP placement.

Methods: We queried the TriNetX database for adult men who underwent IPP placement from 2003–2023 utilizing Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. We examined the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), nicotine use, radiation therapy (RT), radical prostatectomy (RP), and urethral surgery [urethroplasty, artificial urinary sphincter …

Nursing Students’ Epistemological Beliefs And Critical Thinking Skills, Asuman Çobanoğlu, Şebnem Bilgiç

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Epistemological beliefs and critical thinking affect the approach to knowledge and decision-making processes in nursing practice. These characteristics positively contribute to the personal development and quality of patient care of nurses. This study investigated the relationship between nursing students’ epistemological beliefs and critical thinking skills.

Methods: This descriptive and correlational study included 752 students studying nursing. The study was conducted with students enrolled in nursing programs at two state universities located in the northeast and west of Turkey. Data were collected using a Student Information Form, the Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire (EBQ), and the Critical Thinking Disposition Scale …

Writing Effective Policy Briefs To Bridge Research And Policy, Arvie Vitente, Rolando Lazaro, Francis Clarence Chua

Rehabilitation Sciences Department Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Factors Influencing Graduate Students Of Diverse Backgrounds In Their Selection Of Occupational Therapy As A Career, Jeffrey T. Lucas, Scotillia Fogg, Mandie Lynch

The Journal of the Research Association of Minority Professors

The population of the United States is becoming more culturally diverse; however, the profession of occupational therapy does not reflect this change, whether examining educators, practitioners, or students. This study was designed to identify factors influencing graduate students of diverse backgrounds, and how a career in occupational therapy was determined. Participants for this study comprised first- and second-year occupational therapy students enrolled at Lenior-Rhyne University, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Winston-Salem State University. A convenience sample was used to obtain the population. These universities were the only graduate-level occupational therapy programs willing to participate in the …

Investigations On V2o5 And Its Derivative Nanocomposites For Photocatalytic Textile Organic Dye Degradation, Jenifer A

Theses and Dissertations

In recent times, organic dyes from industrial sludge become one of the significant causes of water contamination due to their utility in textile and paper manufacturing industries. These organic dyes are highly toxic and carcinogenic. Fortunately, the photocatalytic degradation process is a practical tool for decomposing toxic organic matter in wastewater by utilizing light. The photodegradation process can be performed using semiconductor materials to purify wastewater. Thus, semiconductor photocatalysis is a desirable alternative technique for decolorizing various organic pollutants.

In this context, the present work reports the preparation and characterization of V2O5 nanocomposites by facile methods and tests them against …

Current Practices Of Physiotherapists In Implementing Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy In Chronic Pain Management: A Scoping Review, Eunice J. Garces, John Marco L. Recio, Viviana Patricia D. Rios, Janine Patricia Sadiz, Anna Barbara N. Sanchez

Philippine Journal of Physical Therapy

Introduction: This study is a scoping review of the current practices in implementing Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy (PIPT) in chronic pain management. A fundamental shift of physiotherapy practice from the traditional approach of biomedical to a biopsychosocial approach has acquired recognition indicating a more comprehensive approach to addressing the complexity of the physiotherapy profession. Thus, the primary objective of this scoping review is to identify and map current data on physiotherapists’ current practices in implementing PIPT in chronic pain management, and its secondary objective is to map the evidence and describe the effectiveness/efficacy, clinical utility, cost-effectiveness, and barriers of PIPT …

Incisal Trait Variations Between Javanese And Chinese-Indonesians In Surabaya, Rahmat Avianto, Sayf Muhammad Alaydrus, Myrtati Dyah Artaria, Yao-Fong Chen

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Human teeth are unique since one population’s dental pattern might differ from another. Such specific dental characteristics, such as the incisor, are observable in each dentition. Objective: his study analyzed the population differences in Javanese and Chinese-Indonesian populations through observations of the incisal traits, namely winging, shoveling, and double shoveling. Methods: 50 dental casts (76 Javanese samples and 74 Chinese- Indonesian samples) were obtained from Dr. Myrtati Dyah Artaria’s private collection, stored in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. The traits were observed and scored using the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System (ASUDAS) and analyzed statistically using crosstab …

Feasibility Of Using Standardized Outcome Measures In The Remote Assessment Of Patients With Chronic Stroke: A Case Series, Ricieline Evans

Philippine Journal of Physical Therapy

Introduction: With the increase of telerehabilitation utilization worldwide after the COVID-19 pandemic, a review of the current literature shows a concurrent increase in telerehabilitation studies focusing on interventions and delivery models. There is a gap in research on valid and reliable tests and measures that can be used in the physical therapy examination of people with stroke via telerehabilitation. Current reports on psychometric properties of most standardized outcome measures are only applicable in an in-person setting and may not be directly applicable in a remote setting where various challenges contribute to the reliability of results. This report describes the feasibility …

Exploring Berberine As A Novel Therapeutic Agent Against Staphylococcus Aureus Infections: Targeting Inflammation And Antibiotic Resistance, Daniel Kopulos

NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile Gram-positive bacterium commonly found on human skin. While often harmless, it can cause various infections when the skin is compromised, ranging from minor issues to life-threatening conditions in immunocompromised individuals.

The bacterium’s ability to resist antibiotics, particularly methicillin, underscores its clinical challenge. Staphylococcus aureus can also acquire vancomycin resistance. It evades immune responses through multiple mechanisms, including capsule formation, interference with immune proteins like staphylococcal protein A, and secretion of toxins such as Panton-Valentine Leukocidin. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective strategies against Staphylococcus aureus infections.

The immune response to Staphylococcus aureus infections …