Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Large Language Models For Biomedicine: Foundations, Opportunities, Challenges, And Best Practices, Satya S Sahoo, Joseph M Plasek, Hua Xu, Özlem Uzuner, Trevor Cohen, Meliha Yetisgen, Hongfang Liu, Stéphane Meystre, Yanshan Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Generative large language models (LLMs) are a subset of transformers-based neural network architecture models. LLMs have successfully leveraged a combination of an increased number of parameters, improvements in computational efficiency, and large pre-training datasets to perform a wide spectrum of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Using a few examples (few-shot) or no examples (zero-shot) for prompt-tuning has enabled LLMs to achieve state-of-the-art performance in a broad range of NLP applications. This article by the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) NLP Working Group characterizes the opportunities, challenges, and best practices for our community to leverage and advance the integration of …

Refai: A Gpt-Powered Retrieval-Augmented Generative Tool For Biomedical Literature Recommendation And Summarization, Yiming Li, Jeff Zhao, Manqi Li, Yifang Dang, Evan Yu, Jianfu Li, Zenan Sun, Usama Hussein, Jianguo Wen, Ahmed M Abdelhameed, Junhua Mai, Shenduo Li, Yue Yu, Xinyue Hu, Daowei Yang, Jingna Feng, Zehan Li, Jianping He, Wei Tao, Tiehang Duan, Yanyan Lou, Fang Li, Cui Tao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Precise literature recommendation and summarization are crucial for biomedical professionals. While the latest iteration of generative pretrained transformer (GPT) incorporates 2 distinct modes-real-time search and pretrained model utilization-it encounters challenges in dealing with these tasks. Specifically, the real-time search can pinpoint some relevant articles but occasionally provides fabricated papers, whereas the pretrained model excels in generating well-structured summaries but struggles to cite specific sources. In response, this study introduces RefAI, an innovative retrieval-augmented generative tool designed to synergize the strengths of large language models (LLMs) while overcoming their limitations.

Materials and methods: RefAI utilized PubMed for systematic literature retrieval, …

Calcium Rescues Streptococcus Pneumoniae D39 Δmnte Manganese-Sensitive Growth Phenotype, Reuben Opoku, Edgar Carrasco, Nicholas R De Lay, Julia E Martin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Calcium (Ca2+) functions as a universal signal messenger in eukaryotes but in bacteria, the physiological roles for Ca2+ are limited. Here, we examine the role of Ca2+ in Streptococcus pneumoniae during manganese (Mn2+) intoxication. S. pneumoniae mntE mutants, lacking the Mn2+ efflux transporter, exhibit impaired growth due to accumulation of Mn2+ when exposed to elevated exogenous Mn2+. This Mn2+-sensitive growth defect is restored to wild-type growth level by exogenous Ca2+, in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Despite growth restoration of the mntE mutant to wild-type levels, cellular Mn2+ remains elevated in this strain. Bacterial capsule production is also increased for the mntE …

Ablative Margin Quantification Using Deformable Versus Rigid Image Registration In Colorectal Liver Metastasis Thermal Ablation: A Retrospective Single-Center Study, Yuan-Mao Lin, Iwan Paolucci, Jessica Albuquerque Marques Silva, Caleb S O'Connor, Jun Hong, Ketan Y Shah, Mohamed E Abdelsalam, Peiman Habibollahi, Kyle A Jones, Kristy K Brock, Bruno C Odisio

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: To investigate the correlation of minimal ablative margin (MAM) quantification using biomechanical deformable (DIR) versus intensity-based rigid image registration (RIR) with local outcomes following colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) thermal ablation.

Methods: This retrospective single-institution study included consecutive patients undergoing thermal ablation between May 2016 and October 2021. Patients who did not have intraprocedural pre- and post-ablation contrast-enhanced CT images for MAM quantification or follow-up period less than 1 year without residual tumor or local tumor progression (LTP) were excluded. DIR and RIR methods were used to quantify the MAM. The registration accuracy was compared using Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). …

Performance Of 5 Prominent Large Language Models In Surgical Knowledge Evaluation: A Comparative Analysis, Adam M. Ostrovsky, Joshua R. Chen, Vishal N. Shah, Babak Abai

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Depressive Symptoms And Sleep Quality Mediate The Relationship Between Race And Quality Of Life Among Patients With Heart Failure: A Serial Multiple Mediator Model, Jia-Rong Wu, Debra K. Moser, Chin-Yen Lin, Ambrose A. Chiang, Barbara Riegel

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Background: Black patients with heart failure (HF) report worse quality of life (QoL) than White patients. Few investigators have examined mediators of the association between race and QoL, but depressive symptoms and sleep quality are associated with QoL.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether depressive symptoms and sleep quality are mediators of the relationship between race and QoL among patients with HF.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We included 271 outpatients with HF. Self-reported race (White/Black), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and QoL (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire) were collected …

Patient Denial Of Myocardial Infarction In The Prehospital Phase: Prevalence And Correlates, Mona A. Abed, Amani A. Khalil, Debra K. Moser

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Background: Limited knowledge exists regarding patients' denial of myocardial infarction (MI) before hospitalization for an MI. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of denial of MI in the prehospital phase of a confirmed MI. Methods: This secondary analysis included 166 hospitalized patients (mean [SD] age, 54.1 [10.5] years) who developed MI outside a healthcare facility and had high congruence between their experienced and expected symptoms. Measurements included the Denial subscale of the Brief COPE Inventory, the modified Response to Symptoms Questionnaire, and a Likert scale measuring perceived risk for MI. Patients who arrived …

American Association Of Plastic Surgeons Consensus On Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma, Mark W Clemens, Terence M Myckatyn, Arianna Di Napoli, Andrew L Feldman, Elaine S Jaffe, Cara L Haymaker, Steven M Horwitz, Kelly K Hunt, Marshall E Kadin, Colleen M Mccarthy, Roberto N Miranda, H Miles Prince, Fabio Santanelli Di Pompeo, Sari D Holmes, Linda G Phillips

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: In the absence of high-quality evidence, there is a need for guidelines and multidisciplinary consensus recommendations on breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL). The purpose of this expert consensus conference was to evaluate the existing evidence regarding the diagnosis and management of BIA-ALCL caused by textured implants. This article aims to provide evidence-based recommendations regarding the management and prevention of BIA-ALCL.

METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases, and supplemented by manual searches of relevant English-language articles and "related articles" sections. Studies focusing on breast surgery and lymphoma associated with breast implants …

Frontline Therapy Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Lower Intensity Regimens: Where Are We Now And Where Can We Go?, Jennifer Marvin-Peek, Jason S Gilbert, Daniel A Pollyea, Courtney D Dinardo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The advent of molecularly targeted therapeutics has transformed the management of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Particularly for individuals unfit for intensive chemotherapy, lower intensity therapies (LIT) incorporating small molecules have significantly improved patient outcomes. With BCL2, IDH1, IDH2, and FLT3 inhibitors widely used for relapsed AML, combination regimens are now utilized in the frontline. Expansion of these targeted LIT combinations, along with development of novel agents including menin inhibitors, exemplifies the promise of precision medicine. Further understanding of molecular drivers of leukemic transformation and mechanisms of relapse will continue to advance frontline treatment options for patients with AML.

Eosinophilia During Lenalidomide Therapy In Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Koji Sasaki, Hagop Kantarjian, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Danielle Hammond, Elias Jabbour, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Kelly Chien, Guillermo Garcia-Manero

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory therapy used to treat multiple hematologic malignancies. The incidence of eosinophilia and hypereosinophilia during lenalidomide therapy, and the requirement for high-dose steroids are not well-defined PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 44 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes who were treated with lenalidomide therapy from August 2006 and March 2023.

Results: Eosinophilia (0.5-1.5 × 109/L) and hypereosinophilia (>1.5 × 109/L) were observed in 6 patients (14%) and 4 patients (9%), respectively. The median duration of lenalidomide therapy was 6.5 months. Backward multivariate ordinary logistic regression identified higher absolute eosinophil count (OR, 4759.986; 95% CI, 11.223-2018772.073; P …

Management Of Patients With Early-Stage Oropharyngeal Cancer With Clinically Positive Retropharyngeal Lymph Nodes, Luisa Encarnacion Jacomina, Amy Catherine Moreno

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Ixazomib Plus Daratumumab And Dexamethasone: Final Analysis Of A Phase 2 Study Among Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma, Sosana Delimpasi, Meletios A Dimopoulos, Jan Straub, Argiris Symeonidis, Luděk Pour, Roman Hájek, Cyrille Touzeau, Viralkumar K Bhanderi, Jesus G Berdeja, Petr Pavlíček, Jeffrey V Matous, Pawel J Robak, Kaveri Suryanarayan, Alison Miller, Miguel Villarreal, Dasha Cherepanov, Jaydeep K Srimani, Huilan Yao, Richard Labotka, Robert Z Orlowski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Novel therapies have improved outcomes for multiple myeloma (MM) patients, but most ultimately relapse, making treatment decisions for relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) patients increasingly challenging. We report the final analysis of a single-arm, phase 2 study evaluating the oral proteasome inhibitor (PI) ixazomib combined with daratumumab and dexamethasone (IDd; NCT03439293). Sixty-one RRMM patients (ixazomib/daratumumab-naïve; 1-3 prior therapies) were enrolled to receive IDd (28-day cycles) until disease progression/unacceptable toxicity. Median age was 69 years; 14.8% of patients had International Staging System stage III disease; 14.8% had received three prior therapies. Patients received a median of 16 cycles of IDd. In 59 response-evaluable …

Beneficial Effects Of Lactobacillus Plantarum On Growth Performance, Immune Status, Antioxidant Function And Intestinal Microbiota In Broilers, Xiao Xiao, Tiantian Cui, Songke Qin, Tao Wang, Jinsong Liu, Lihan Sa, Yanping Wu, Yifan Zhong, Caimei Yang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) has been globally regarded as antibiotic alternative in animal farming in the past few years. However, the potential function of L. plantarum in broilers has not been systemically explored. In this study, a total of 560 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups, fed with basal diet and drank with L. plantarum HJZW08 (LP) at the concentration of 0 (CON), 1000 × 10^5 (LP1000), and 2000 × 10^5 CFU/L (LP2000) for 70 d. Results showed that the body weight (BW), average daily …

Mechanical Thrombectomy Versus Intravenous Thrombolysis In Distal Medium Vessel Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multinational Multicenter Propensity Score-Matched Study, Hamza Adel Salim, Vivek Yedavalli, Basel Musmar, Nimer Adeeb, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Kareem El Naamani, Nils Henninger, Sri Hari Sundararajan, Anna Luisa Kühn, Jane Khalife, Sherief Ghozy, Luca Scarcia, Benjamin Y Q Tan, Benjamin Pulli, Jeremy J Heit, Robert W Regenhardt, Nicole M Cancelliere, Joshua D Bernstock, Aymeric Rouchaud, Jens Fiehler, Sunil Sheth, Ajit S Puri, Christian Dyzmann, Marco Colasurdo, Xavier Barreau, Leonardo Renieri, João Pedro Filipe, Pablo Harker, Razvan Alexandru Radu, Thomas R Marotta, Julian Spears, Takahiro Ota, Ashkan Mowla, Pascal Jabbour, Arundhati Biswas, Frédéric Clarençon, James E Siegler, Thanh N Nguyen, Ricardo Varela, Amanda Baker, David Altschul, Nestor R Gonzalez, Markus A Möhlenbruch, Vincent Costalat, Benjamin Gory, Christian Paul Stracke, Mohammad Ali Aziz-Sultan, Constantin Hecker, Hamza Shaikh, David S Liebeskind, Alessandro Pedicelli, Andrea M Alexandre, Illario Tancredi, Tobias D Faizy, Erwah Kalsoum, Boris Lubicz, Aman B Patel, Vitor Mendes Pereira, Adrien Guenego, Adam A Dmytriw, Mad Mt Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and purpose: The management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to distal medium vessel occlusion (DMVO) remains uncertain, particularly in comparing the effectiveness of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) plus mechanical thrombectomy (MT) versus IVT alone. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy in DMVO patients treated with either MT-IVT or IVT alone.

Methods: This multinational study analyzed data from 37 centers across North America, Asia, and Europe. Patients with AIS due to DMVO were included, with data collected from September 2017 to July 2023. The primary outcome was functional independence, with secondary outcomes including mortality and safety measures …

Unraveling The Role Of Mir-181 In Skin Fibrosis Pathogenesis By Targeting Nudt21, Tingting W Mills, Minghua Wu, Jerry Alonso, Hydia Puente, Julio Charles, Zheng Chen, Seung-Hee Yoo, Maureen D Mayes, Shervin Assassi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a life-threatening autoimmune disease characterized by widespread fibrosis in the skin and several internal organs. Nudix Hydrolase 21 (NUDT2 or CFIm25) downregulation in fibroblasts is known to play detrimental roles in both skin and lung fibrosis. This study aims to investigate the upstream mechanisms that lead to NUDT21 repression in skin fibrosis. We identified transforming growth factor β (TGFβ1) as the primary cytokine that downregulated NUDT21 in normal skin fibroblasts. In the bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis model, consistent with the peak activation of TGFβ1 at the late fibrotic stage, NUDT21 was downregulated at this stage, and delayed …

Lysophospholipid Remodeling Mediated By The Lplt And Aas Protein Complex In The Bacterial Envelope, Wei Niu, Trung Vu, Guangwei Du, Mikhail Bogdanov, Lei Zheng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lysophospholipid transporter LplT and acyltransferase Aas consist of a lysophospholipid-remodeling system ubiquitously found in gram-negative microorganisms. LplT flips lysophospholipid across the inner membrane which is subsequently acylated by Aas on the cytoplasmic membrane surface. Our previous study showed that the proper functioning of this system is important to protecting Escherichia coli from phospholipase-mediated host attack by maintaining the integrity of the bacterial cell envelope. However, the working mechanism of this system is still unclear. Herein, we report that LplT and Aas form a membrane protein complex in E. coli which allows these two enzymes to cooperate efficiently to move lysophospholipids …

Landmark-Based Auto-Contouring Of Clinical Target Volumes For Radiotherapy Of Nasopharyngeal Cancer, Carlos Sjogreen, Tucker J Netherton, Anna Lee, Moaaz Soliman, Skylar S Gay, Callistus Nguyen, Raymond Mumme, Ivan Vazquez, Dong Joo Rhee, Carlos E Cardenas, Mary K Martel, Beth M Beadle, Laurence Edward Court

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The delineation of clinical target volumes (CTVs) for radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer is complex and varies based on the location and extent of disease.

Purpose: The current study aimed to develop an auto-contouring solution following one protocol guidelines (NRG-HN001) that can be adjusted to meet other guidelines, such as RTOG-0225 and the 2018 International guidelines.

Methods: The study used 2-channel 3-dimensional U-Net and nnU-Net framework to auto-contour 27 normal structures in the head and neck (H&N) region that are used to define CTVs in the protocol. To define the CTV-Expansion (CTV1 and CTV2) and CTV-Overall (the outer envelope of …

Quantitative Evaluation Of 90y-Pet/Ct And 90y-Spect/Ct-Based Dosimetry Following Yttrium-90 Radioembolization, Srinivas Cheenu Kappadath, Eric Courtney Henry, Benjamin P Lopez, Armeen Mahvash

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Following yttrium-90 radioembolization (90Y-RE), 90Y-PET/CT and 90Y-SPECT/CT imaging provide the means to calculate the voxelized absorbed dose distribution. Given the widespread use of the two imaging modalities and lack of well-established standardized dosimetry protocols for 90Y-RE, there is a clinical need to systematically investigate and evaluate differences in the performance of voxel-based dosimetry between 90Y-PET/CT and 90Y-SPECT/CT.

Purpose: To quantitatively analyze and compare 90Y-PET/CT and 90Y-SPECT/CT-based dosimetry following 90Y-RE.

Methods: 90Y-PET/CT and 90Y-SPECT/CT imaging was acquired for 35 patients following 90Y-RE with TheraSphere for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Dosimetry was performed using the local deposition method with …

Inferring Super-Resolution Tissue Architecture By Integrating Spatial Transcriptomics With Histology, Daiwei Zhang, Amelia Schroeder, Hanying Yan, Haochen Yang, Jian Hu, Michelle Y Y Lee, Kyung S Cho, Katalin Susztak, George X Xu, Michael D Feldman, Edward B Lee, Emma E Furth, Linghua Wang, Mingyao Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has demonstrated enormous potential for generating intricate molecular maps of cells within tissues. Here we present iStar, a method based on hierarchical image feature extraction that integrates ST data and high-resolution histology images to predict spatial gene expression with super-resolution. Our method enhances gene expression resolution to near-single-cell levels in ST and enables gene expression prediction in tissue sections where only histology images are available.

Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Nurse-Led Telehealth Intervention (Bolster) To Support Patients With Peritoneal Carcinomatosis And Their Caregivers: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial, Rachel A Pozzar, Andrea C Enzinger, Catherine Howard, Anna Tavormina, Ursula A Matulonis, Susana Campos, Joyce F Liu, Neil Horowitz, Panagiotis A Konstantinopoulos, Carolyn Krasner, Jaclyn A Wall, Kate Sciacca, Larissa A Meyer, Charlotta Lindvall, Alexi A Wright

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Patients with advanced gynecologic (GYN) and gastrointestinal (GI) cancers frequently develop peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), which limits prognosis and diminishes health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Palliative procedures may improve PC symptoms, yet patients and caregivers report feeling unprepared to manage ostomies, catheters, and other complex needs. Our objectives were to (1) assess the feasibility of an efficacy trial of a nurse-led telehealth intervention (BOLSTER) for patients with PC and their caregivers; and (2) assess BOLSTER's acceptability, potential to improve patients' HRQoL and self-efficacy, and potential impact on advance care planning (ACP).

Methods: Pilot feasibility RCT. Recently hospitalized adults with advanced …

Multi-Scale Variational Autoencoder For Imputation Of Missing Values In Untargeted Metabolomics Using Whole-Genome Sequencing Data, Chen Zhao, Kuan-Jui Su, Chong Wu, Xuewei Cao, Qiuying Sha, Wu Li, Zhe Luo, Tian Qing, Chuan Qiu, Lan Juan Zhao, Anqi Liu, Lindong Jiang, Xiao Zhang, Hui Shen, Weihua Zhou, Hong-Wen Deng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Missing data is a common challenge in mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, which can lead to biased and incomplete analyses. The integration of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data with metabolomics data has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the accuracy of data imputation in metabolomics studies.

Method: In this study, we propose a novel method that leverages the information from WGS data and reference metabolites to impute unknown metabolites. Our approach utilizes a multi-scale variational autoencoder to jointly model the burden score, polygenetic risk score (PGS), and linkage disequilibrium (LD) pruned single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for feature extraction and missing metabolomics …

Multi-Institutional Audit Of Flash And Conventional Dosimetry With A 3d Printed Anatomically Realistic Mouse Phantom, M Ramish Ashraf, Stavros Melemenidis, Kevin Liu, Veljko Grilj, Jeannette Jansen, Brett Velasquez, Luke Connell, Joseph B Schulz, Claude Bailat, Aaron Libed, Rakesh Manjappa, Suparna Dutt, Luis Soto, Brianna Lau, Aaron Garza, William Larsen, Lawrie Skinner, Amy S Yu, Murat Surucu, Edward E Graves, Peter G Maxim, Stephen F Kry, Marie-Catherine Vozenin, Emil Schüler, Billy W Loo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: We conducted a multi-institutional dosimetric audit between FLASH and conventional dose rate (CONV) electron irradiations by using an anatomically realistic 3-dimensional (3D) printed mouse phantom.

Methods and materials: A computed tomography (CT) scan of a live mouse was used to create a 3D model of bony anatomy, lungs, and soft tissue. A dual-nozzle 3D printer was used to print the mouse phantom using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (∼1.02 g/cm3) and polylactic acid (∼1.24 g/cm3) simultaneously to simulate soft tissue and bone densities, respectively. The lungs were printed separately using lightweight polylactic acid (∼0.64 g/cm3). Hounsfield units (HU), densities, and print-to-print …

Errors In Genome Sequencing Result Disclosures: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Neonatology Non-Genetics Healthcare Professionals And Genetic Counselors, Tanner F Coleman, Jada Pugh, Whitley V Kelley, Kelly M East, Veronica Greve, Candice R Finnila, Ava Henson, Bruce R Korf, Gregory S Barsh, Gregory M Cooper, Meagan E Cochran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: We compared the rate of errors in genome sequencing (GS) result disclosures by genetic counselors (GC) and trained non-genetics healthcare professionals (NGHPs) in SouthSeq, a randomized trial utilizing GS in critically ill infants.

Methods: Over 400 recorded GS result disclosures were analyzed for major and minor errors. We used Fisher's exact test to compare error rates between GCs and NGHPs and performed a qualitative content analysis to characterize error themes.

Results: Major errors were identified in 7.5% of disclosures by NGHPs and in no disclosures by GCs. Minor errors were identified in 32.1% of disclosures by NGHPs and in …

A Comparison Of Methods For In Vivo Activity And Absorbed Dose Quantification With Pet/Ct Following Yttrium-90 Radioembolization, Eric Courtney Henry, Armeen Mahvash, Benjamin P Lopez, Srinivas Cheenu Kappadath

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Yttrium-90 (90Y) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging is increasingly being used to perform tumor (T) and normal liver (NL) voxel dosimetry after 90Y-radioembolization (90Y-RE). Yet, the accuracy of in vivo 90Y-PET/CT imaging, subject to motion blur and co-registration inaccuracies, and 90Y-PET/CT dose quantification, subject to availability of different voxel dosimetry algorithms, are not well understood.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of 90Y-PET/CT-based activity estimates following 90Y-RE and characterize differences between 90Y-PET/CT-based voxel dosimetry algorithms.

Methods: Thirty-five patients underwent 90Y-PET/CT imaging after 90Y-RE with TheraSphere. The net administered 90Y activity (Aadmin) was …

Determinant Of 30-Day Mortality Of Pulmonary Legionellosis: Do Coinfections Matter?, Takahiro Matsuo, Sebastian Wurster, Ying Jiang, Jeffrey Tarrand, Scott E Evans, Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We retrospectively reviewed 64 cases of cancer with pulmonary legionellosis (Legionella pneumophila in 73%). Nearly all patients received Legionella-active antibiotics, yet 30-day mortality was 23%. Independent predictors of 30-day mortality were hyponatremia, bilateral lung involvement, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score ≥5. Lung coinfections were common (31%) but did not significantly increase mortality.

Adrenal Hemangioma, Ahmed K Elsayes, Steven G Waguespack, Eduardo J Matta, Mindy X Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

The Implementation Of A Fall Education Program To Enhance Functional Outcomes In An Acute Orthopedic Hospital Setting, Stacy Wentz Ms, Otr/L, Jared Schnell Pt, Dpt, Haily Roth Pt, Dpt

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Lifr Regulates Cholesterol-Driven Bidirectional Hepatocyte-Neutrophil Cross-Talk To Promote Liver Regeneration, Yalan Deng, Zilong Zhao, Marisela Sheldon, Yang Zhao, Hongqi Teng, Consuelo Martinez, Jie Zhang, Chunru Lin, Yutong Sun, Fan Yao, Michael A Curran, Hao Zhu, Li Ma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Liver regeneration is under metabolic and immune regulation. Despite increasing recognition of the involvement of neutrophils in regeneration, it is unclear how the liver signals to the bone marrow to release neutrophils after injury and how reparative neutrophils signal to hepatocytes to reenter the cell cycle. Here we report that loss of the liver tumour suppressor Lifr in mouse hepatocytes impairs, whereas overexpression of leukaemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) promotes liver repair and regeneration after partial hepatectomy or toxic injury. In response to physical or chemical damage to the liver, LIFR from hepatocytes promotes the secretion of cholesterol and CXCL1 …

Panel Stacking Is A Threat To Consensus Statement Validity, Kasper P Kepp, Preben Aavitsland, Marcel Ballin, Francois Balloux, Stefan Baral, Kevin Bardosh, Howard Bauchner, Eran Bendavid, Raj Bhopal, Daniel T Blumstein, Paolo Boffetta, Florence Bourgeois, Adam Brufsky, Peter J Collignon, Sally Cripps, Ioana A Cristea, Nigel Curtis, Benjamin Djulbegovic, Oliver Faude, Maria Elena Flacco, Gordon H Guyatt, George Hajishengallis, Lars G Hemkens, Tammy Hoffmann, Ari R Joffe, Terry P Klassen, Despina Koletsi, Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis, Ellen Kuhl, Carlo La Vecchia, Tea Lallukka, John Lambris, Michael Levitt, Spyros Makridakis, Helena C Maltezou, Lamberto Manzoli, Ana Marusic, Clio Mavragani, David Moher, Ben W Mol, Taulant Muka, Florian Naudet, Paul W Noble, Anna Nordström, Peter Nordström, Nikolaos Pandis, Stefania Papatheodorou, Chirag J Patel, Irene Petersen, Stefan Pilz, Nikolaus Plesnila, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Manuel A Rivas, Andrea Saltelli, Manuel Schabus, Michaéla C Schippers, Holger Schünemann, Marco Solmi, Andreas Stang, Hendrik Streeck, Joachim P Sturmberg, Lehana Thabane, Brett D Thombs, Athanasios Tsakris, Simon N Wood, John P A Ioannidis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Consensus statements can be very influential in medicine and public health. Some of these statements use systematic evidence synthesis but others fail on this front. Many consensus statements use panels of experts to deduce perceived consensus through Delphi processes. We argue that stacking of panel members toward one particular position or narrative is a major threat, especially in absence of systematic evidence review. Stacking may involve financial conflicts of interest, but nonfinancial conflicts of strong advocacy can also cause major bias. Given their emerging importance, we describe here how such consensus statements may be misleading, by analyzing in depth a …

Transvenous Tissue Sampling In The Diagnosis Of Intravascular Neoplasm., Christopher J Neely, Christopher M Huff, Andrew C Gordon, Raghu Kolluri, Kush R Desai

Heart and Vascular Articles

No abstract provided.