Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Crosstalk Between Cytokines And Igg N-Glycosylation: Bidirectional Effects And Relevance To Clinical Innovation For Inflammatory Diseases, Zhixian Chen, Xiaojia Xu, Manshu Song, Ling Lin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The crosstalk between cytokines and immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation forms a bidirectional regulatory network that significantly impacts inflammation and immune function. This review examines how various cytokines, both pro- and anti-inflammatory, modulate IgG N-glycosylation, shaping antibody activity and influencing inflammatory responses. In addition, we explore how altered IgG N-glycosylation patterns affect cytokine production and immune signaling, either promoting or reducing inflammation. Through a comprehensive analysis of current studies, this review underscores the dynamic relationship between cytokines and IgG N-glycosylation. These insights enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying inflammatory diseases and contribute to improved strategies for disease prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, …

Bibliometric Guide To Photographs Of Male Participants In Early Exercise And Physical Medicine Research, James L. Nuzzo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The history of exercise science research has undergone relatively little examination, and exercise science students receive little education about the field’s history. Photographs are tools that lecturers and writers can use to educate audiences about history. Yet, no resource exists that tells educators where they can find photographs of individuals participating in early studies about exercise or related topics (e.g., physical education, physical medicine). Here, the aim was to identify papers published before 1980 that contain photographs of boys and men participating in studies about exercise or related topics, aggregate the papers into a bibliometric list, and describe the photographs. …

Trends In Family Planning Uptake In Tanzania: An Analysis Of National Survey Data 2021-2022, Harun Yussuf Ayoub, Sabarinah Prasetyo

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

The purpose of this study is to uncover the socioeconomic and demographic factors that influence the usage of contraceptives by analysing trends and patterns in Tanzania's family planning uptake using data from national surveys. The results show that while Tanzania has made progress in increasing contraceptive prevalence from 27% in 2010 to 39% in 2021-22, disparities persist across socioeconomic and demographic lines. Women in urban areas, from higher wealth quintiles, and with higher educational attainment have significantly higher contraceptive prevalence rates compared to their counterparts. The study also reveals that the majority of women are aware of family planning methods, …

Gambaran Perilaku Merokok Siswa Smp Negeri, R Nasrullah Nur Nugroho

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Remaja mudah terjerumus pada perilaku berisiko, seperti merokok, karena mereka tidak tahu banyak, mudah dipengaruhi, dan ingin mencoba hal-hal baru. Pada tahun 2018, proporsi merokok pada remaja berusia 10–14 tahun adalah 2,1%, dan mereka rata-rata menghisap 6–7 batang setiap hari. Dengan menggunakan konsep penelitian cross-sectional dari 406 siswa laki-laki SMP negeri di kelurahan Kebayoran Lama Utara, penelitian ini memberikan gambaran tentang perilaku merokok siswa SMP negeri. Besar sampel yang digunakan adalah 117 orang yang menjawab. Dalam penelitian ini, teknik quota sampling digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang diisi langsung oleh responden. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa …

Faktor Kontributor Prevalensi Stunting: Studi Kasus Jawa Timur Tahun 2022, Sofiyulloh Sofiyulloh, Martya Rahmaniati

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Malnutrisi, termasuk stunting, masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang mempengaruhi kemajuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Stunting, akibat kekurangan gizi berkepanjangan dan infeksi berulang, menghambat pertumbuhan anak. Di Indonesia, prevalensi stunting pada tahun 2022 adalah 21,6% dan masih belum mencapai target. Dan Jawa timur, angka stunting di 2022 adalah 19,2%, mendekati angka nasional pun masih belum mencapai target. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap stunting di Jawa Timur, dengan fokus pada faktor soial ekonomi dan kesehatan. Data sekunder dari Kementerian Kesehatan, dan Dinas Kesehatan Jawa Timur dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) dan rata-rata lama sekolah memiliki …

Keunggulan Dan Tantangan Dalam Penggunaan Computer Vision Untuk Diagnosis Pneumonia Pediatri: A Systematic Review, Hafshah Farah Fadhilah, Rico Kurniawan

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Pneumonia pediatrik merupakan penyebab utama kematian anak-anak di bawah usia lima tahun. Teknologi computer vision menawarkan potensi besar untuk meningkatkan diagnosis pneumonia pediatrik dengan menganalisis gambar radiografi dada secara otomatis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic literature review dengan pendekatan PRISMA, meninjau artikel dari database IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, dan Scopus yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2024. Studi ini menemukan bahwa algoritma deep learning seperti Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) menunjukkan akurasi tinggi dalam diagnosis pneumonia pediatrik. Namun, tantangan seperti kebutuhan akan data berkualitas tinggi, interpretasi hasil AI, dan integrasi teknologi ini dengan sistem kesehatan yang ada masih perlu diatasi. Penggunaan …

Mammalian Mitochondrial Inorganic Polyphosphate (Polyp) And Cell Signaling: Crosstalk Between Polyp And The Activity Of Ampk, Renata T. Da Costa, Anna Nichenko, Matheus M. Perez, Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner, Sheida Kavehmoghaddam, Vedangi Hambardikar, Ernest R. Scoma, Erin L. Seifert, Uwe Schlattner, Joshua C. Drake, Maria E. Solesio

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

UNLABELLED: Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is an evolutionary and ancient polymer composed by orthophosphate units linked by phosphoanhydride bonds. In mammalian cells, polyP shows a high localization in mammalian mitochondria, and its regulatory role in various aspects of bioenergetics has already been demonstrated, via molecular mechanism(s) yet to be fully elucidated. In recent years, a role for polyP in signal transduction, from brain physiology to the bloodstream, has also emerged.

OBJECTIVE: In this manuscript, we explored the intriguing possibility that the effects of polyP on signal transduction could be mechanistically linked to those exerted on bioenergetics.

METHODS: To conduct our studies, …

Assessing Knowledge And Preventive Practices Regarding Infectious Diseases Among Healthcare Workers In Hail City, Saudi Arabia, Sandro Costanilla Villareal

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Studies suggest that there may be gaps in knowledge and compliance with infection control measures among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of, and preventive measures employed by the healthcare workers in Hail City, Saudi Arabia, regarding infectious diseases. A cross-sectional design was employed, and the study participants were 265 healthcare workers aged 18 or older who were currently employed at government hospitals, involved in patient care or essential healthcare services, and fluent in English. Healthcare workers on leave, with cognitive impairments, with language barriers, or who refused to participate in the study were …

Impact Of Chatgpt And Large Language Models On Radiology Education: Association Of Academic Radiology-Radiology Research Alliance Task Force White Paper, David H. Ballard, Alexander Antigua-Made, Emily Barre, Elizabeth Edney, Emile B. Gordon, Linda Kelahan, Taha Lodhi, Jonathan G. Martin, Melis Ozkan, Kevin Serdynski, Bradley Spieler, Daphne Zhu, Scott J. Adams

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Generative artificial intelligence, including large language models (LLMs), holds immense potential to enhance healthcare, medical education, and health research. Recognizing the transformative opportunities and potential risks afforded by LLMs, the Association of Academic Radiology-Radiology Research Alliance convened a task force to explore the promise and pitfalls of using LLMs such as ChatGPT in radiology. This white paper explores the impact of LLMs on radiology education, highlighting their potential to enrich curriculum development, teaching and learning, and learner assessment. Despite these advantages, the implementation of LLMs presents challenges, including limits on accuracy and transparency, the risk of misinformation, data privacy issues, …

Opa1 And Disease-Causing Mutants Perturb Mitochondrial Nucleoid Distribution, J. Macuada, I. Molina-Riquelme, G. Vidal, N. Pérez-Bravo, C. Vásquez-Trincado, G. Aedo, D. Lagos, P. Yu-Wai-Man, R. Horvath, T. J. Rudge, B. Cartes-Saavedra, V. Eisner

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1) mediates inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) fusion and cristae organization. Mutations in OPA1 cause autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), a leading cause of blindness. Cells from ADOA patients show impaired mitochondrial fusion, cristae structure, bioenergetic function, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity. The mtDNA encodes electron transport chain subunits and is packaged into nucleoids spread within the mitochondrial population. Nucleoids interact with the IMM, and their distribution is tightly linked to mitochondrial fusion and cristae shaping. Yet, little is known about the physio-pathological relevance of nucleoid distribution. We studied the effect of OPA1 and ADOA-associated mutants on …

Validation Studies Of The Flash-Tv System To Passively Measure Children’S Tv Viewing, Anil Kumar Vadathya, Tatyana Garza, Uzair Alam, Alex Ho, Salma M A Musaad, Alicia Beltran, Jennette P Moreno, Tom Baranowski, Nimah Haidar, Sheryl O Hughes, Jason A Mendoza, Ashok Veeraraghavan, Joseph Young, Akane Sano, Teresia M O'Connor

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

TV viewing is associated with health risks, but existing measures of TV viewing are imprecise due to relying on self-report. We developed the Family Level Assessment of Screen use in the Home (FLASH)-TV, a machine learning pipeline with state-of-the-art computer vision methods to measure children's TV viewing. In three studies, lab pilot (n = 10), lab validation (n = 30), and home validation (n = 20), we tested the validity of FLASH-TV 3.0 in task-based protocols which included video observations of children for 60 min. To establish a gold-standard to compare FLASH-TV output, the videos were labeled by trained staff …

Family Perceptions Of Palliative Care For Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients At Home, Mariam Dasat, Sigit Mulyono, Uswatul Khasanah, Stepanus Maman Hermawan

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Family assistance with palliative care for advanced cancer patients is very important in optimizing patients’ quality of life. The purpose of this study was to explore family perceptions of palliative service provision to advanced cancer patients at home. The study adopted a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach based on in-depth interviews with six participants. The main theme that emerged was family perceptions of participation in palliative care programs for cancer patients at home. There were three subthemes: family administering additional treatment, the patient being resigned to and accepting their condition, and the patient being helped by treatment. The …

Analysis Of 1386 Epileptogenic Brain Lesions Reveals Association With Dyrk1a And Egfr, Christian M Boßelmann, Costin Leu, Tobias Brünger, Lucas Hoffmann, Sara Baldassari, Mathilde Chipaux, Roland Coras, Katja Kobow, Hajo Hamer, Daniel Delev, Karl Rössler, Christian G Bien, Thilo Kalbhenn, Tom Pieper, Till Hartlieb, Kerstin Becker, Lisa Ferguson, Robyn M Busch, Stéphanie Baulac, Peter Nürnberg, Imad Najm, Ingmar Blümcke, Dennis Lal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lesional focal epilepsy (LFE) is a common and severe seizure disorder caused by epileptogenic lesions, including malformations of cortical development (MCD) and low-grade epilepsy-associated tumors (LEAT). Understanding the genetic etiology of these lesions can inform medical and surgical treatment. We conducted a somatic variant enrichment mega-analysis in brain tissue from 1386 individuals who underwent epilepsy surgery, including 599 previously unpublished individuals with ultra-deep ( > 1600x) targeted panel sequencing. Here we confirm four known associations (BRAF, SLC35A2, MTOR, PTPN11), support eight associations without prior statistical support (FGFR1, PIK3CA, AKT3, NF1, PTEN, RHEB, KRAS, NRAS), and identify novel associations for two genes, …

Crosstalk Of Pyroptosis And Cytokine In The Tumor Microenvironment: From Mechanisms To Clinical Implication, Hua Wang, Tao Wang, Shuxiang Yan, Jinxin Tang, Yibo Zhang, Liming Wang, Haodong Xu, Chao Tu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In the realm of cancer research, the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in tumor initiation and progression, shaped by complex interactions between cancer cells and surrounding non-cancerous cells. Cytokines, as essential immunomodulatory agents, are secreted by various cellular constituents within the TME, including immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and cancer cells themselves. These cytokines facilitate intricate communication networks that significantly influence tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and immune suppression. Pyroptosis contributes to TME remodeling by promoting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and sustaining chronic inflammation, impacting processes such as immune escape and angiogenesis. However, challenges remain due to the complex …

The Relationship Of Online Learning And Information Technology With Cognitive, Affective, And Psychomotor Abilities, Sidik Awaludin, Usman Chatib Warsa, Soetrisno Soemardjo, Elly Nurachmah, Arum Atmawikarta, Dwi Novitasari

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on education in nursing programs. Changes in the learning system were followed by changes in learning methods and information technology as a means of support. In fact, mastery of learning methods and information technology support is still not optimal. To improve students’ cognitive, affective, and psychomotor capacities, lecturers must grasp numerous learning approaches and information technology. This study aimed to examine the relationship of mastery of online learning methods and information technology assistance with nursing students’ cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor capacities in Indonesia. The design of this study was a cross- sectional internet-based …

Development Of A New Peyronie’S Disease Self-Assessment Screening App, Gregory A Broderick, Jesse N Mills, Lisa Bathish, Christopher Davis, Mohit Khera

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Peyronie's disease (PD) is an underdiagnosed and undertreated fibroproliferative disorder associated with the formation of plaques that results in penile curvature and discourages some men from seeking medical consultation. The PD self-assessment app, a digital application (app), was developed to increase PD awareness, provide men with a self-screening and educational tool for PD, and help eliminate barriers to seeking consultation with a physician. Prior to deployment, 4 board-certified urologists provided qualitative reviews on the app's usability and utility as a screening tool. The PD self-assessment app features a questionnaire that addresses penile curvature, challenges with penetration, partner distress, and the …

Accumbal Plasticity And Associated Behavioral Adaptations In The Spared Nerve Injury Model Of Chronic Neuropathic Pain, Yu-Hsuan Chang

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Chronic pain is a debilitating neurological disorder that affects hundreds of millions of individuals worldwide. It is associated with cognitive symptoms such as cognitive inflexibility, which is defined as the inability to adaptively update behavior in response to changing environmental conditions. To date, there are no effective treatments for these symptoms, even though they substantially contribute to the decreased quality of life of chronic pain patients and are associated with reduced efficacy of pain management strategies. Therefore, understanding the neural circuit adaptations that drive cognitive symptoms of chronic pain, like cognitive inflexibility, is essential for improving existing treatments for this …

Staff Education On The Rapid Mood Screener In An Outpatient Psychiatric Setting: Enhance Screening Practices, Yetunde Fakinlede

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Summary The persistent misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder in this psychiatric practice was thought to be due to the provider's lack of knowledge and confidence in using assessment tools. Rapid Mood Screener (RMS) is a validated brief screening tool that differentiates between bipolar disorder and unipolar depression. In this project, I educated outpatient psychiatric nurse practitioners and staff in using RMS. The project practice-focused question was: Will an educational intervention improve the knowledge and self-efficacy of the outpatient mental health providers and staff regarding using Rapid Mood Screener? I followed the ADDIE framework and incorporated Knowles' adult learning theory for the …

Efficacy And Safety Of Novel Anticoagulant Therapies In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease—A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ernesto Calderon Martinez, Camila Sanchez Cruz, Edna Y. Diarte Acosta, Daniel Alejandro Aguirre Cano, Ana Maria Espinosa, Diana Othon, Flor Furman, Sebastian Obando Vera

School of Medicine Publications

Background

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including atrial fibrillation, which usually requires anticoagulant therapy. The effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants compared to vitamin K antagonists in patients with CKD remain insufficiently studied, particularly in the more advanced stages.

Methods

This systematic review, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023410192), adhered to PRISMA guidelines and included randomized clinical trials and cohort studies comparing direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists in CKD patients. Major databases were searched, and studies were selected based on strict inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models.

Results

Twenty-three studies …

Id1 And Id3 Functions In The Modulation Of The Tumour Immune Microenvironment In Adult Patients With B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia, Nathaly Poveda-Garavito, Carlos A. Orozco Castaño, Yulieth Torres-Llanos, Nataly Cruz-Rodriguez, Rafael Parra-Medina, Sandra Quijano, Jovanny Zabaleta, Alba Lucia Combita

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in adults often presents a poor prognosis. ID1 and ID3 genes have been identified as predictors of poor response in Colombian adult B-ALL patients, contributing to cancer development. In various cancer models, these genes have been associated with immune regulatory populations within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). B-ALL progression alters immune cell composition and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, impacting disease progression and therapy response. This study investigates the relationship between ID1 and ID3 expression, TIME dynamics, and immune evasion mechanisms in adult B-ALL patients. Methods: This exploratory study analysed BM samples from 10 …

Early Detection Of Risk Factor For Suicidal Ideation Among Senior High School Students In Jakarta: Updated Measurement, Nova R. Yusuf, Sabarinah Prasetyo, Byron J. Good

Kesmas

The key strategy to address suicide in adolescents is school-based suicidal prevention by adapting a screening instrument to the local culture and policymakers’ perception of suicide. This study aimed to develop an instrument for the early detection of risk for suicidal ideation and identify influential risk factors for suicidal ideation among high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia. This study was conducted in 2018 with a mixed-method design (quantitative and qualitative approaches). It was found that 5% of students had suicidal ideation in July–November 2018, and 13.8% had a high-risk factor for suicidal ideation. The instrument developed in this study consisted …

Household Food Expenditure Typology And Its Association With Child Stunting And Anemia In Indonesia, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Yusnita Yusnita, Winda M. Ningsih, Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Siti A. Pujonarti, Fadila Wirawan

Kesmas

Stunting and anemia remain the coexisting nutritional problems among Indonesian children. However, evidence of household-level food expenditure and its association with child stunting and anemia is limited. This study aimed to observe the association between household food expenditure typology and child stunting and anemia in Indonesia. Data was obtained from the 2007 and 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). The household food expenditure, child nutritional status, and anemia were observed in 2007 and 2014. Latent class analysis was taken to identify the food expenditure pattern. Binary logistic regression was applied to analyze the association between household food expenditure patterns and …

Dietary Diversity As A Dominant Factor Of Energy Intake Among Breastfeeding Mothers In Depok City, Indonesia, Cornelia Lugita Santoso, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Sandra Fikawati, Fadila Wirawan, Primasti Nuryandari Putri, Nurul Husna Mohd Shukri

Kesmas

Maternal nutritional needs increase during lactation. However, the energy intake of breastfeeding mothers usually still falls short of the recommended adequacy levels. This study aimed to identify the dominant factor of energy intake in breastfeeding mothers in Sawangan District, Depok City, Indonesia. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design from July 2022 to February 2023. Energy intake, dietary diversity, and eating frequency were collected using 24-hour food recall. Other variables were collected through interviews with structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and binary logistic regression. A total of 217 breastfeeding mothers participated in this study. This study …

Assessment Of Free Drinking Water Facilities And Its Potential Health Risks: A Study In The University X, Indah Actry Zane Lumbantobing, Bambang Wispriyono, Fitri Kurniasari, Sifa Fauzia, Muhammad Nur Ihsan Ayyasy, Alissa Siti Haura, Ghina Labibah, Muhammad Abiyyu Akmal, Kirana Mahadewi Heryadi, Firda Alfianti, Nuranida Fauziyah

Kesmas

University X offers free drinking water facilities. However, it has a significant problem in accessing safe drinking water. This study aimed to examine the microbial and chemical parameters of the free drinking water facilities at University X. The microbial quality was assessed by evaluating the total coliform bacteria, and the chemical parameter assessment, substances such as nitrate, iron, manganese, hexavalent chromium, and fluoride were analyzed across 12 water samples from various locations within the university. Among these, only total coliform and fluoride levels exceeded the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Indonesian Ministry of Health. An Environmental …

Home Births Among Ethnic Minority Communities In Bokeo Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Jukkrit Wungrath, Rungrasami Sriwongphan, Krissana Kapheak, Wanchalerm Ritthimon

Kesmas

Home births among ethnic minorities in developing countries pose significant risks to maternal and neonatal health. In Lao PDR, the government has taken steps to manage home births through training traditional birth attendants, improving transportation, and establishing referral systems. However, high home birth rates in regions like Bokeo remain concerning. This review emphasized the need for more skilled birth attendants and better access to emergency obstetric care in rural, ethnic minority areas. This review used 40 articles published between 2000 and 2023 and highlighted gaps in research regarding healthcare access, cultural practices, socioeconomic barriers, and the role of traditional birth …

Economic Growth, Poverty Gap, And Health Inequality: Implications Based On Panel Analysis Of Organization For Economic Cooperation And Development Data, Sangik Han

Kesmas

This study investigated the impact of economic growth and income distribution on health inequality using data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Employing a panel analysis, this study amalgamated 21 years of data (spanning from 2000 to 2020) from 37 OECD countries. The dependent variables (life expectancy and avoidable mortality) were scrutinized against independent variables (gross domestic product and poverty gap). Control variables encompassed body mass index, consumption patterns, smoking rates, health workers availability, number of beds in health facilities, national medical expenses, and unemployment rates. This study revealed significant associations between economic growth, poverty gap, and …

Social Determinants Of Neonatal Health Outcomes In Indonesia: A Multilevel Regression Analysis, Rooswanti Soeharno, Amal Chalik Sjaaf

Kesmas

Indonesia’s neonatal mortality rate remains alarmingly high. This study addressed the determinants of neonatal outcomes in Indonesia, including the effects of a decentralized health system, socioeconomic disparities, and geographic variations. The analysis used 2018 national survey data across 34 provinces, 513 cities/districts, and 300,000 households, with a sample of 73,864 women aged 10-54 years who have given birth in the preceding five years. The multilevel regression was used to assess the impact of social determinants and systemic inequalities on neonatal health. Key findings revealed a neonatal mortality rate that, despite being preventable in many cases, remained high with significant disparities. …

Telemedicine Adoption In Developing Economies: A Systematic Review On The Enablers And Barriers, Zaidbren Macabato, Lemuel Clark Velasco, Art Brian Escabarte, Mae-Lanie Ong Poblete, Armando Isla Jr., Rentor Cafino, Sarah Lizette Aquino-Cafino, Frevy Teofilo-Orencia

Kesmas

Telemedicine’s adoption has been effective in certain contexts despite being controversial in certain settings because of its tendency to cause misdiagnosis and concerns about data privacy. This study aimed to synthesize the research findings on the factors leading to the adoption of telemedicine among developing economies. The study utilized Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis methodology to analyze 27 related literature and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology to map out the factors considered enablers and barriers in adopting telemedicine. Results showed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions were significant predictors. …

De-Identification Is Not Enough: A Comparison Between De-Identified And Synthetic Clinical Notes, Atiquer Rahman Sarkar, Yao-Shun Chuang, Noman Mohammed, Xiaoqian Jiang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

For sharing privacy-sensitive data, de-identification is commonly regarded as adequate for safeguarding privacy. Synthetic data is also being considered as a privacy-preserving alternative. Recent successes with numerical and tabular data generative models and the breakthroughs in large generative language models raise the question of whether synthetically generated clinical notes could be a viable alternative to real notes for research purposes. In this work, we demonstrated that (i) de-identification of real clinical notes does not protect records against a membership inference attack, (ii) proposed a novel approach to generate synthetic clinical notes using the current state-of-the-art large language models, (iii) evaluated …

American Society For Metabolic And Bariatric Surgery Review Of Body Composition, Jonathan Carter, Farah Husain, Pavlos Papasavas, Salvatore Docimo, Vance Albaugh, Laura Aylward, Cynthia Blalock, Sue Benson-Davies

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Although the body mass index (BMI) has been used as a measure of obesity for decades, it is now possible to measure adiposity more directly with technologies that can quantitate body fat and other tissues. The purpose of this review is to understand body composition, describe the different ways to measure it, review changes in body composition after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), and provide guidance on how providers can introduce measurements of body composition into their everyday practice.