Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Percentage Of Sacroiliac Fusions Done In The U.S. By Non-Surgical Specialties Has Increased, Mathew Cyriac, Bela P. Delvadia, Julianna E. Winter, Jacob S. Budin, Olivia C. Lee, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Surgical fusion of the sacroiliac (SI) joint is often performed to manage chronic lower back or buttock pain. When Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were introduced, SI joint fusion procedures were done primarily by orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons. The purpose of this study was to examine the utilization of SI joint fusion CPT codes by physician specialty over time. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the PearlDiver database. The database was queried using CPT codes to identify patients who underwent SI joint fusion via percutaneous, open, or trauma codes. Specialties queried included surgical specialties (orthopaedic surgery and …

Bile Acids In Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathophysiology To Treatment, Samantha H Bai, Arun Chandnani, Siyan Cao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that affects about 7 million people worldwide, and new therapies are needed. Understanding the complex roles that bile acids (BAs) play in IBD may lead to the development of novel IBD treatments independent of direct immunosuppression. This review discusses the latest discoveries in the roles BAs play in IBD pathogenesis and explores how these discoveries offer promising new therapeutic targets to treat IBD and improve patient outcomes. Several therapies discussed include specific BA receptor (BAR) agonists, dietary therapies, supplements, probiotics, and mesenchymal stem cell therapies that have all been shown to decrease …

Ifrd1 Is Required For Maintenance Of Bladder Epithelial Homeostasis, Bisiayo E Fashemi, Amala K Rougeau, Arnold M Salazar, Steven J Bark, Rayvanth Chappidi, Jeffrey W Brown, Charles J Cho, Jason C Mills, Indira U Mysorekar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The maintenance of homeostasis and rapid regeneration of the urothelium following stress are critical for bladder function. Here, we identify a key role for IFRD1 in maintaining urothelial homeostasis in a mouse model. We demonstrate that the murine bladder expresses IFRD1 at homeostasis, particularly in the urothelium, and its loss alters the global transcriptome with significant accumulation of endolysosomes and dysregulated uroplakin expression pattern. We show that IFRD1 interacts with mRNA-translation-regulating factors in human urothelial cells. Loss of

Protocol For A Non-Surgical Model Of Perineural Invasion For Assessing Neural Drivers Of Cancer Aggressiveness In Mice, Tiago H Zaninelli, Telma Saraiva-Santos, Brielle H Patlin, Michael Slade Stratton, David Y Chen, Felipe A Pinho-Ribeiro

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a significant risk factor for cancer recurrence and metastasis; however, its mechanisms relating to cancer aggressiveness remain poorly understood. Here, we present a protocol for a non-surgical model of PNI in mice using a neurotropic melanoma cell line that migrates from the skin to the sciatic nerve. We describe the steps for cell culture and injection, tumor burden measurements, mouse euthanasia, and tissue dissection. We then detail procedures for sample cross-section and confocal imaging.

Womb, Gravity, And Space: Shifting Towards The Cerebellum-Basal Ganglia Paradigm In Dystonia, Diego Iacono

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

The Plasmodium Falciparum Ncr1 Transporter Is An Antimalarial Target That Exports Cholesterol From The Parasite's Plasma Membrane, Zhemin Zhang, Eva S Istvan, Daniel E Goldberg, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Malaria, a devastating parasitic infection, is the leading cause of death in many developing countries. Unfortunately, the most deadliest causative agent of malaria,

Regional Differences In Three-Dimensional Fiber Organization, Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype, And Contractility In The Pregnant Mouse Cervix, Christopher J Hansen, Christine M O'Brien, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The orientation and function of smooth muscle in the cervix may contribute to the important biomechanical properties that change during pregnancy. Thus, this study examined the three-dimensional structure, smooth muscle phenotype, and mechanical and contractile functions of the upper and lower cervix of nongravid (not pregnant) and gravid (pregnant) mice. In gravid cervix, we uncovered region-specific changes in the structure and organization of fiber tracts. We also detected a greater proportion of contractile smooth muscle cells (SMCs), but an equal proportion of synthetic SMCs, in the upper versus lower cervix. Furthermore, we revealed that the lower cervix had infrequent spontaneous …

Retrospective Derivation Of A Causal Pathway For Diabetic Ketoacidosis In Adult Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Jeffrey A Kline, Nicholas A Wesner, Amina T Sharif, Richard T Griffey, Phillip D Levy, Robert D Welch, George Grunberger

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Type 2 ketone-prone diabetes mellitus (T2KPDM) is thought to occur in men of African descent, with obesity who experienced prolonged hyperglycemia; the role of medication non-adherence as a contributing cause remains unstudied.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of unique adults (>18 years) who sought emergency care one of four hospitals in the greater Detroit area. Patients were identified on the basis of a laboratory order for a ß-hydroxybutyrate concentration. Two research coordinators abstracted 119 data fields. Patients were divided into four phenotypes: (1) no prior DM, (2) type 2 DM without prior ketosis, (3) …

Pancreaticoduodenectomy In Trauma Patients With Grade Iv-V Duodenal Or Pancreatic Injuries: A Post Hoc Analysis Of An East Multicenter Trial, Rachel Leah Choron, Rami Al-Aref, Jordan Michael Kirsch, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: The utility of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for high-grade traumatic injuries remains unclear and data surrounding its use are limited. We hypothesized that PD does not result in improved outcomes when compared with non-PD surgical management of grade IV-V pancreaticoduodenal injuries.

METHODS: This is a retrospective, multicenter analysis from 35 level 1 trauma centers from January 2010 to December 2020. Included patients were ≥15 years of age with the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grade IV-V duodenal and/or pancreatic injuries. The study compared operative repair strategy: PD versus non-PD.

RESULTS: The sample (n=95) was young (26 years), male (82%), …

Rna-Dependent Rna Polymerase Of Predominant Human Norovirus Forms Liquid-Liquid Phase Condensates As Viral Replication Factories, Soni Kaundal, Ramakrishnan Anish, B Vijayalakshmi Ayyar, Sreejesh Shanker, Gundeep Kaur, Sue E Crawford, Jeroen Pollet, Fabio Stossi, Mary K Estes, B V Venkataram Prasad

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Many viral proteins form biomolecular condensates via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to support viral replication and evade host antiviral responses, and thus, they are potential targets for designing antivirals. In the case of nonenveloped positive-sense RNA viruses, forming such condensates for viral replication is unclear and less understood. Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are positive-sense RNA viruses that cause epidemic and sporadic gastroenteritis worldwide. Here, we show that the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of pandemic GII.4 HuNoV forms distinct condensates that exhibit all the signature properties of LLPS with sustained polymerase activity and the capability of recruiting components essential for viral replication. …

Irregular Assessment Times In Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trials, Andrea Apter, Frances K Barg, Sanjib Basu, Alex Federman, Winifred J Hamilton, Jerry A Krishnan, Tianjing Li, Russell Localio, Christine Pindle, Daniel O Scharfstein, Justin D Smith, Kaharu Sumino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Deviation from protocolized assessment times is commonplace in pragmatic randomized clinical trials. Working with a stakeholder advisory board for a Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute®-funded project on statistical methods for handling potential biases introduced by irregular assessment times, we identified reasons for off-schedule or missed assessments. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research 2.0 to organize our findings. We conjectured that timely completion of outcome assessments is a function of multiple determinants, only some related to participants' health status. We identified potential determinants that can be modified during the protocol design stage and can be reassessed and mitigated during trial …

Ifrd1 Is Required For Maintenance Of Bladder Epithelial Homeostasis, Bisiayo E Fashemi, Amala K Rougeau, Arnold M Salazar, Steven J Bark, Rayvanth Chappidi, Jeffrey W Brown, Charles J Cho, Jason C Mills, Indira U Mysorekar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The maintenance of homeostasis and rapid regeneration of the urothelium following stress are critical for bladder function. Here, we identify a key role for IFRD1 in maintaining urothelial homeostasis in a mouse model. We demonstrate that the murine bladder expresses IFRD1 at homeostasis, particularly in the urothelium, and its loss alters the global transcriptome with significant accumulation of endolysosomes and dysregulated uroplakin expression pattern. We show that IFRD1 interacts with mRNA-translation-regulating factors in human urothelial cells. Loss of Ifrd1 leads to disrupted proteostasis, enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER stress) with activation of the PERK arm of the unfolded protein response pathway, …

Clinical Applications Of Phenomenology: Analysis Of Lived Experience Of Eye Disease, Kimberly Tucker

Graduate Student Research Symposium

This paper presents a phenomenological study that explores the embodied experience of vision loss within the context of eye disease, while also providing a detailed discussion of the methodological approaches utilized in the research. Phenomenology is integrated to address clinical epistemic concerns, particularly the limitations of conventional vision tests in fully capturing perception and the lived experiences of vision loss. This interdisciplinary approach builds on the clinical understanding of eye disease by incorporating the broader dimensions of the lifeworld that intersect with visual impairment in degenerative eye diseases. While standard clinical approaches focus primarily on measurable aspects of visual function, …

Dental Hygiene Program Feasibility In Kailua Kona, Hawaii, William Li, Lindsay Gietzen

Pacific Journal of Health

Establishing a dental hygiene program in Kailua Kona, Hawaii, could address critical gaps in local healthcare but requires careful consideration of its feasibility given the significant costs involved. This literature review assesses existing studies to understand the potential for success, focusing on effective recruitment and retention strategies that have been implemented in other rural and underserved regions. Findings reveal that communities worldwide face similar challenges in attracting healthcare providers to remote areas, with successful programs often integrating mandatory externships to encourage healthcare workers to experience and engage with underserved communities. Given Hawaii’s diverse ethnic makeup, insights from cross-cultural and global …

Learning To Be An Autistic Therapist: Personal Steps Towards An Autism-Affirming Psychotherapy, Sasha D. Strong

Ought: The Journal of Autistic Culture

How can Autistic therapists understand and support themselves, and how can this help them support their clients? In this paper, I recount my personal journey of healing and growth as an Autistic psychotherapist, 16 months after self-identification. Here is an overview of conceptual frameworks from #actuallyautistic authors, critical theory, queer theory, and social justice that I have found helpful. I also share some of the therapeutic and wellness approaches that have been important to me, including mindfulness and bodyfulness. Organic knowing has been pivotal for me in discerning between masking and aliveness, and regaining a choice around masking behaviors. This …

A Symphony Of Distractions, Alisha M. White

Ought: The Journal of Autistic Culture

No abstract provided.

Quality Improvement In Healthcare: A Practical Guide For Providers (Part 5), Jeremy Ellis Md

Transformative Medicine

No abstract provided.

Glp-1 Agonists For Weight Loss And Beyond, Connor Quinter, Hanh Motilall, Kelley Maberry

Transformative Medicine

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists are medications that were originally approved for type 2 diabetes to help improve glycemic control in conjunction with exercise and dieting. One of the beneficial effects of this medication class is weight loss, and recently the FDA has approved a select few for this indication of weight loss. With these medications becoming increasingly more popular, it is imperative that both providers and patients understand the differences in terms of efficacy for these medications and the potential adverse events to make the best decision about initiating therapy. This article summarizes the FDA indications for all the GLP-1 …

Decoding 2:1 Atrioventricular Block, Jaswanth Jasti Md, Muhammad Asad Hanif Md, Muhammad Mohsin Zafar Md

Transformative Medicine

No abstract provided.

Initiation Of A Skills-Based "Boot Camp" Orientation For Incoming Ob/Gyn Resident Physicians, Nathanael N. Hoskins, Morgan Scheffler, Tammy Trace, Holly Metzgar

Transformative Medicine

Background: Residency orientations are often focused on administrative obligations and less often focused on program-specific skills training. Introduction of these skills during the orientation period has been shown to improve resident confidence and proficiency. The purpose of this quality improvement project is to propose the introduction of a skills-focused portion of orientation in a condensed “boot camp” fashion to improve the transition to residency from medical school.

Methods: The skills-based orientation curriculum was developed by reviewing the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestones and prior literature on the topic. The simulations were planned using resident and faculty collaboration. …

Postoperative Conundrum: Horner Syndrome Secondary To Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion Procedure, Nicholas Mynarski, Sabrina M. Johnson, Aanchal Sawhney, Christine Giesa Do, Rachel Odeyemi Do

Transformative Medicine

IntroductionHorner syndrome is a rare complication following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgeries, with an incidence rate of

Case DescriptionWe report a case of a 45-year-old female with a history of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who developed Horner syndrome post-ACDF. Initially admitted for suspected cholecystitis found on imaging following a fall, the patient's clinical course was complicated by worsening cervical and lumbar pain. This prompted MRI evaluation revealing cervical stenosis at C5-C6 and ACDF was performed without intraoperative complications. However, on postoperative day three, the patient developed left eye ptosis and miosis, consistent with …

Uncontrolled Hypertension Or A Bad Medication Interaction? The Importance Of Reviewing Over-The-Counter Medications During Medication Reconciliation, Shefali Amin Do, Caitlyn R. Moss Md

Transformative Medicine

Introduction: In the management of chronic conditions, review of the complete medication list for potential drug-drug interactions is crucial. This case involves a patient taking activated charcoal for unclear reasons, leading to misdiagnosed uncontrolled hypertension.

Case Description: We present the case of an elderly male with uncontrolled hypertension who had been placed on multiple chronic antihypertensives for years. On further review, he was found to be taking activated charcoal twice daily thereby inactivating his five oral antihypertensive medications and making his blood pressure difficult to control. Discontinuation of the activated charcoal led to significant improvement in his blood …

Relationship Of Amphetamines In Reducing Substance Abuse Risks Among Adhd Patients, Ashley Deng, Eduardo Espiridion Md

Transformative Medicine

Introduction: Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects a substantial portion of the global population, influencing cognitive and behavioral function. Current treatments often involve stimulant medications like amphetamines, which are controlled substances due to their addiction potential. Non-stimulant options, such as atomoxetine, are typically considered secondary therapies. This study examines the relationship between ADHD medication use and the subsequent development of psychoactive, stimulant, and cocaine-related substance use disorders. Methods: Using the TriNetX database, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare ADHD patients prescribed amphetamines to those receiving atomoxetine or no medication. Propensity score matching was employed to control for confounding variables, followed …

The Camden Study - A Pregnancy Cohort Study Of Pregnancy Complications And Birth Outcomes In Camden, New Jersey, Usa., Stephanie Shiau, Xinhua Chen, Ayana April-Sanders, Ellen C Francis, Shristi Rawal, Megan Hansel, Kehinde Adeyemi, Zorimar Rivera-Núñez, Emily S Barrett

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is a unique stage of the life course characterized by trade-offs between the nutritional, immune, and metabolic needs of the mother and fetus. The Camden Study was originally initiated to examine nutritional status, growth, and birth outcomes in adolescent pregnancies and expanded to study dietary and molecular predictors of pregnancy complications and birth outcomes in young women.

METHODS: From 1985-2006, 4765 pregnant participants aged 12 years and older were recruited from Camden, NJ, one of the poorest cities in the US. The cohort reflects a population under-represented in perinatal cohort studies (45% Hispanic, 38% non-Hispanic Black, 17% White …

"Does Anyone Believe Me"?: The Traumatization Of Domestic Violence Survivors In The Criminal Justice System, Olivia Depalma

Master of Arts in Human Services

Survivors of domestic violence are often subject to chronic trauma as well as a heightened risk of injuries and mental health problems and disorders. The intention of the author is to focus on how trauma impacts a survivor’s ability to maneuver and interact with the criminal justice system (CJS). Prior studies have shown how survivor’s behaviors, usually the result of trauma, can lead to misconceived notions and beliefs in court officials and those involved in the CJS. Survivors will often face judgment, doubt, and criticism in the CJS, and this can impact their willingness to come forward, report the abuse, …

Real-World Assessment Of Listener Preference For Hearing Aid Technology Levels In Socially Involved Situations, Danielle Glista, Robin O'Hagan, Krystal Beh, Jeff Crukley, Susan Scollie, Leonard Cornelisse

Communication Sciences and Disorders Publications

Introduction: Current hearing aids have an abundance of feature options and technologies. It is important to understand the clinical impact of hearing aid technology selection and how to individualize fittings to optimize hearing aid performance according to listening environment. To probe the naturalistic listening experiences researchers can use in-situ outcome measures. Survey based real-world assessments can increase knowledge of hearing aid users’ everyday scenarios, beyond the limits of lab-based scenarios. This study aimed to assess the relationship between subjective preference ratings of adult listeners and hearing aid technology level using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). A secondary research question explored survey …

The Pulse - December 19, 2024, Unm Hsc Marketing & Communications

The Pulse

Weekly newsletter of the UNM Health Sciences Center.

Novel Approach To Advance Directive Training: Hospice And Palliative Care Fellow Led Workshop Feasible And Effective In Increasing Confidence In End Of Life Conversations, Chelsea Chang, Jose Cano, Juan Lopez-Alvarenga, Josenny Rodriguez Paez, Sonya R. Montes, Rosa White, Meghana Rao

School of Medicine Publications

Despite the benefits of Advance directives, approximately only 1 in 3 U.S adults have documented advance directives. In medical school and residency, learners are often not taught or given very brief information on conducting end-of-life planning conversations with patients. Due to this deficiency, some institutions have conducted advance directive workshops but not many have been both palliative fellow and resident led, though some have been led by a geriatric fellow. Therefore, we approached advance directives with a resident and palliative fellow-led workshop. We aimed to develop and conduct a workshop on advance directives to assess feasibility and effectiveness in raising …

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) Interventions For Group Therapy For College Students Experiencing Depression, Ty Ogren

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

This group manual was created to support college students struggling with a depressive mood disorder such as Major Depressive Disorder. The instance of mental health concerns, including depression, have increased greatly over the last several years. Depression is the most common mental health concern for college students, and the rate at which they experience depressive symptoms has exceeded that of the general population. Depressive symptoms in college students can lead to many concerns like poor academic achievement, self-isolation, poor diet and nutrition, and suicidal ideation (Liu et al., 2022). This group manual aims to equip college students struggling with depression …

Proteoglycan 4 (Lubricin) And Regulation Of Xanthine Oxidase In Synovial Macrophage As A Mechanism Of Controlling Synovitis, Khaled A. Elsaid, Ling X. Zhang, Thomas Zhao, Ava Marks, Derek Jenkins, Tannin A. Schmidt, Gregory D. Jay

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Synovial macrophages (SMs) are important effectors of joint health and disease. A novel Cx3CR1 + TREM2 + SM population expressing the tight junction protein claudin-5, was recently discovered in synovial lining. Ablation of these SMs was associated with onset of arthritis. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein that fulfills lubricating and homeostatic roles in the joint. The aim of this work is to study the role of PRG4 in modulating synovitis in the context of SM homeostasis and assess the contribution of xanthine oxidase (XO)-hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIF-1a) axis to this regulation.

Methods

We used Prg4FrtloxP/FrtloxP …