Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Benefits Of Aquatic Therapy In Older Adults, Matile Kaplan

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Aquatic Therapy (AT) helps with physical, mental, and psychosocial components of recovery. Substantial evidence shows that traditional (on-land) therapy has a positive impact on quality of life and occupational performance. However, limited research exists on the impact of combining traditional and aquatic therapies on rehabilitation outcomes and occupational engagement. Aquatic therapy has been a therapeutic modality since 2400 B.C. and is not fully exploited despite having strong evidence of its benefits (B.E. Kauffman & B.W. Kauffman, 2014; Chesapeake Bay Aquatic and Physical Therapy, 2024). There is a large gap in the literature about the benefits of combining aquatic and on-land …

Si & Processing On Student Occupational Engagement, Kyla Campbell

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Sensory Integration (SI) is defined as the brain's ability to organize and respond to information within the body and environment. School-aged children begin school with varying difficulties in SI and processing, which affects their social and academic performances. The field of occupational therapy (OT) promotes engagement in meaningful activities, in which going to school and participating in activities is vital to a child's development and wellbeing. The school setting is the second-largest employer of occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) in the United States. Children with SI and processing difficulties have decreased participation in the classroom compared to their peers with typical …

Disability, Mental Health & Substance Use In Sgms, Haylee Canadas

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) have higher rates of disability and chronic illness compared to the general population, and current literature suggests that both groups face higher rates of substance misuse and poor mental health outcomes. Despite this, little research has investigated the intersection of these identities. From February to March 2022, data was collected from 1,316 SGM adults living in the US. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between disability status and mental health and substance misuse outcomes while controlling for demographics. After adjusting for covariates, SGMs with a disability had significantly increased odds of anxiety …

Insurance And Colorectal Cancer Outcomes, Cierra Bradford

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Insurance status plays a pivotal role in CRC outcomes by influencing early detection, access to effective care, and overall survival. This review examined the current research on the relationship between insurance coverage and CRC outcomes between the years 2010-2021, highlighting health disparities and inequities. Findings reveal that those who are uninsured or underinsured face delayed diagnoses, limited access to treatment, and have poorer survival rates compared to those with comprehensive insurance coverage.

Medicaid Expansion And Black Maternal Mortality, Michaela Siver

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Maternal mortality is a national health crisis, disproportionately affecting Black women. The Medicaid expansion program, an optional program at the state level, is responsible for providing coverage for nearly half of all live births in the United States. This research addressed if Medicaid expansion has reduced maternal mortality rates, especially for Black women, when compared to non-expansion states. Multiple literature searches yielded a set of peer-reviewed journal articles and government reports that were used to answer this question. Medicaid expansion has resulted in a significant decline in maternal deaths, with 7.01 fewer casualties per 100,000 births in expansion states as …

Lsvt Big Vs. Boxing: Community Engagement In Pd, Amber Brown, Grace Carolonza, Shannon Fogarty, Alexis Labelle

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive disease that can impair an individual’s ability to engage fully in community activities. This systematic review aimed to compare the effects of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment BIG (LSVT BIG) and non-contact boxing (NCB) on community engagement among individuals with PD. A comprehensive search was conducted across four academic databases—CINHAL, EBSCO Academic Complete, PubMed and the Cochrane Library. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, this review assessed risk of bias and levels of evidence using established, industry-standard tools. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed, published between September 2019 and September 2024, focused on either LSVT BIG or NCB, …

Adaptive Skiing And Complex Communication Needs, Jordan Chizmadia

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Participation in adaptive sports, those modified to meet the needs of individuals with disabilities, empower athletes by fostering self-determination, helping them recognize their potential, and build confidence (Hajjar et al., 2018; Labbé et al., 2019). Communication is a critical aspect of adaptive sports, enabling athletes to express their needs and understanding of the sport (Hajjar et al., 2016; Hajjar & McCarthy, 2022a). For individuals with complex communication needs (CCN), or those with barriers using natural speech for everyday communication; adaptive skiing can present unique challenges due to communication barriers. Occupational therapists can develop client-centered strategies to adapt communication, incorporating both …

Self-Directed Goals For Forensic Patients, Chapin Graham

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Patients within a forensic setting experience occupational deprivation. This impacts their mental health outcomes, aggressive tendencies, and overall wellness. The purpose of this study was to explore how the setting and achieving of self-directed goals impact forensic patients’ occupational deprivation. The study was a single-group, pre- and post-test pilot study. Participants completed the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) before and after a 10-week treatment period. Treatment included an educational group therapy session one time a week aimed at goal setting and a one-to-one session once per week aimed at setting goals and achieving them. Observation notes were completed after every …

Exposure To Gun Violence In Childhood, Lilly Oliveira

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Gun violence is a growing public health crisis, with firearm-related fatalities rising to 62.5% from 2012 to 2022. Disparities exist with Black and Hispanic individuals, particularly with males and adolescents facing heightened risks. The 2024 Rhode Island Young Adult Survey recruited 1,008 young adults aged 18-25 years who lived in Rhode Island. Exposure to gun violence is disproportionately high among sexual and/or gender minorities (43.9%) and Hispanic youth (44.2%). Exposure to gun violence in childhood is associated with poor mental health outcomes and substance use disorders in adulthood. Those who were exposed to gun violence in childhood had higher odds …

Sensory Intervention For Bereaved Children, Eleanor Gemma

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Bereaved children have unique sensory needs due to unregulated bodily experiences impacting one’s sensory modulation. There is a lack of evidence-based sensory strategies used with children receiving bereavement services in Rhode Island, and little understanding of how sensory strategies can impact client's regulation. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the sensory interventions currently being applied with children who are experiencing bereavement.

Restrictive Masculinity And Depression, Abigail Nosal

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Restrictive masculinity contains rigid traditional norms that reinforce emotional suppression, dominance, and self-reliance, contributing to poor mental health outcomes. The goal of this study was to determine if belief in restrictive masculinity norms was associated with depressive symptoms in young adults. A survey of n=1008 young adults (18-25 years old) living in Rhode Island was completed. Restrictive masculinity was measured using a 12-item questionnaire, and depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item CES-D10. Logistic regression models, stratified by sexual/gender status, were used to estimate the main effects, after adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, and relative social status. Overall, 45.4% of …

Newport Health Equity Zone Development, Kaitlyn Grant

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Newport, Rhode Island, the home of many affluent Rhode Islanders, is not immune to extreme health disparities that plague the rest of the state. The Ocean State’s records report that 15% of all Rhode Island children lived in poverty between 2020 and 2024, of which 76% were children of color. The report also found that 280 families with 559 children stayed in a homeless or emergency shelter last year. To address the unique needs of communities in Rhode Island, the Rhode Island Department of Health has established Health Equity Zones. The Health Equity Zone model is a public health initiative …

Building Adolescent Wellness Through Fitness, Serena Mora

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Neurodivergent (ND) adolescents are less physically active than their typically developing (TD) peers. Challenges associated with ND include low self-confidence, high anxiety, impaired social skills, or unwillingness to try new things, which can impact engagement. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to reduce many of these difficulties, having a positive impact on TD peers. (Soga et al., 2015). Current programs available for adolescents that focus on PA are competitive and can increase anxiety. The prevalence of ND conditions continues to rise, so it is crucial to support the social-emotional wellness of ND adolescents. Use of PA can improve independence and …

Post-Acute Functional Interventions Impact: Sci, Caitlyn Nicholson

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

This project was a retrospective approach using mixed methods to determine what occupations are being addressed during the residential programs of Empower for those with a spinal cord injury (SCI), and the impact they have on engagement and quality of life (QOL) rating.

Empower is a community-based program that takes place for a few weeks over the summer in different parts of the U.S., with the vision, “A world in which all people living with spinal cord injuries have the freedom to thrive.” As a population, individuals with an SCI experience a life changing event, impacting their function and participation …

Eating Disorders & Restrictive Masculinity, Madalyn Lyons, Jadyn Torres

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Eating disorders, which affect individuals globally, specifically young women, are driven by genetic, environmental and social factors, leading to mental and physical health consequences. In a sample of n=724 young adult cisgender females, a multivariable logistic regression model was conducted for eating disorder on restrictive masculinity scale while controlling for sexual and gender identity, race/ethnicity, age, social status, student status, and employment status. 39.8% of females screened positive for an eating disorder. Adjusting for all else, there was a 2% (95%CI: 1%, 4%) increased odds of eating disorder with each additional unit in the restrictive masculinity scale. Cisgender females with …

Discrimination And Its Effect On Sleep Quality, Kaitlyn Maggiore

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Work-to-family conflict (WFC) is described as the incompatible demands of one’s career and home life. This study sought to understand the impact of perceptions of race, gender and age discrimination on correctional employees’ experience of WFC and sleep quality. It is hypothesized that discrimination in the workplace contributes to poor sleep quality through the mediated effect of WFC. Diversification in the corrections workforce has increased discrimination against women, BIPOC and older adults. This has an impact on WFC and can be linked to negative health outcomes such as poor sleep quality. A cross-sectional survey, contextualized to the corrections workforce was …

Multi-Modal Education And Pediatric Power Mobility, Nicole La Rochelle

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Caregivers of children with mobility impairments desire quick and efficient ways to access educational materials. There is a lack of research surrounding receptivity to the provision of pediatric power mobility educational materials despite evidence of its benefits. This qualitative research study aimed to capture the perspectives of caregivers who are provided education regarding their child’s mobility options. Participants involved in the study are caregivers of children experiencing mobility impairments. They participated in semi-structured interviews to help the investigator understand the lived experience of mobility options for children ages 12-36 months. Periodic unstructured interviews to collect information on the lived experiences …

Restrictive Masculinity And Health Checks, Madison Morais

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

General health checks aid in detection and prevention of long-term illness for the individual and their community. Men inadequately seek healthcare compared to women, a scenario further influenced by possessing views of restrictive masculinity. Stratified by sex, multivariable logistic regressions of not meeting annual checkup guidelines and restrictive masculinity scale were computed controlling for sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, age, social status, student status, employment, and insurance status. Adjusting for all else, with each additional unit in restrictive masculinity scale, females had 1.05 (95%CI 1.02, 1.08) and males had 1.05 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.09) times the odds of not meeting annual checkup guidelines. …

Asexuality And Anxiety, Andrea Avila

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Current literature suggests that asexual individuals have higher rates of anxiety, depression, and other mental poor mental health outcomes compared to allosexuals, regardless of sexual and/or gender minority (SGM) identity. However, few studies exist that examine the experiences of asexual individuals. SGM adults were recruited via Reddit to participate in a digital survey hosted on Qualtrics between February-March 2022. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the relationship between anxiety and gender minority status, sex assigned at birth, and being asexual, adjusting demographic variables. In fully adjusted models, gender minorities had significantly increased odds of having anxiety (OR[95% CI] = 1.44 [1.13, 1.84]) …

Association Of Copd And Depression In Veterans, Zachary Gabbert

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Many veterans are exposed to combat and other forms of trauma. There is research to suggest an association between trauma and chronic disease. Research also indicates an association between veterans’ mental health diagnoses and various physical health domains including pulmonary diseases such as COPD. The study was an analysis of the association between depressive disorders and COPD prevalence between veterans and non-veterans using syndemic theory. Analysis was conducted on data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a national database that collects cross sectional survey data concerning health risk factors, chronic health conditions, access to healthcare, and preventive service.

Multidisciplinary Emergent Control Of Traumatic Neovaginal Bleeding After Foreign-Body Insertion In The Early Postoperative Period After Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty., Tanisha S Kashikar, Christopher D Mcclung, Michal A Radomski, Anand K Joshi, David C Evans

Trauma and Acute Care Articles

As gender-affirming surgery becomes more widespread, it is important that healthcare providers recognize complications related to gender-affirming surgery. Although rates of postoperative bleeding after gender-affirming vaginoplasty are relatively low, it is imperative that this potentially life-threatening complication is recognized and managed quickly. This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the management of neovaginal bleeding that was unable to be controlled intraoperatively by suture ligation.

Does Mean Arterial Pressure Augmentation Improve Neurological Recovery Of Blunt Spinal Cord Injuries: An East Multicenter Trial., Aimee Lariccia, Stephanie Doris, Bhairav Shah, Tanisha Kashikar, Erik Teicher, Lindsey Perea, Jennifer Huber, Malia Eischen, H Akin Erol, Michael Steven Farrell, Lauren Colom, Stephanie Scott, Brian Daley, James Bardes, Gregory Schaefer, Melissa Moncrief, William Devoe, Ryan Peter Dumas, Caitlin Anne Fitzgerald, William Brigode, John D Berne, Dalier R Mederos, Scott Armen, Melissa Linskey Dougherty, Asanthi Ratnasekera, Emily Alberto, Alison Smith, Bradley M Dennis, Stephen Gadomski, Jeffry Nahmias, Claudia Alvarez, Salina Wydo, Jennifer Schweinsburg, Carlos H Palacio, M Chance Spalding, Joshua Hill

Trauma and Acute Care Articles

BACKGROUND: Treatment of blunt traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) often includes maintaining elevated mean arterial blood pressures (MAP) to enhance perfusion to the spinal cord. Optimal hyperperfusion protocols and treatment algorithms have yet to be delineated due to a paucity of large volume prospective studies. This study aims to identify predictors of neurological improvement in American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment score following blunt SCI.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective (January 10, 2021 to June 1, 2023) multicenter study included blunt SCI patients age >18 with complete neurological examination documented on hospital arrival. Patients were divided into two groups: neurological improvement and …

Early Tissue Changes Linked To Diabetes: Insights From A Preclinical Model, Bryan Liu, Ramiro Cisneros, Estephania Garcia, Jimena Mora, Sumedha Guha, Evelin Rios, Krishna Prajapati, Danieli Rodrigues, Bhuvana Lakkasetter Chandrashekar, Claudia Biguetti

School of Podiatric Medicine - Student Research

Introduction and Hypothesis: The aim of this study is to compare soft tissue morphology and fibrosis pathology of different organs between diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Type 2 diabetes causes soft tissue remodeling in organ systems including heart, kidney, spleen, and pancreas. Fibrotic remodeling is a common pathological mechanism seen in diabetes-related organ dysfunction. By understanding fibrotic pathology in rats, it serves as a foundation to develop lower limb models applicable to podiatry. These systemic changes caused by diabetes may also play a role in lower limb changes such as diabetic ulcers and delayed wound healing.

Methodology: Male Lewis rats (6 …

Multifaceted Life Skills Training And Job-Orientation Supports For Individuals In Vocational Rehabilitation Programming, Laura R. Mccray

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

There is growing support for those with an intellectual or developmental disability (IDD) in the transition process and within the workplace, however, there are areas that need to be addressed to facilitate further inclusion and success in this domain. There are structured institutions within the community that extend support for those transitioning out of high school, focusing on aligning with life training and professional skills while promoting societal integration by delivering services directly and avoiding isolation within traditional service environments (Accardo & Whitman, 2011). Growing research highlights the necessity of providing resources that support individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities …

The Quick Dash Reformed: Increasing The Holisticity And Occupational Nature Of Upper Extremity Therapeutic Evaluation, Lauren E. Garcia

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: The QuickDASH is one of the most common upper extremity (UE) focused patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) utilized within current practice. Despite its high utilization rate, there are still many concerns surrounding the QuickDASH, including its applicability to certain populations, difficulty with cross-cultural adaptation, and limited psychosocial evaluation. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and implement a reformed version of the QuickDASH, the OT-DASH, that included modernized and occupation-focused language to achieve increased client applicability and yield more accurate comparisons between client perceptions of dysfunction and their true clinical presentations. Theoretical framework: The Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance model was utilized …

Examining Low-Income Caregivers' Knowledge And Comprehension Of The Dental Caries Process, Melissa Sullivan, Denise C. Mckinney, Deanne Shuman, Qi Zhang

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Purpose Dental caries among young children remains a public health concern in the United States (US). Children of caregivers with low oral health literacy (OHL) tend to have greater unmet dental needs and poorer oral health status. The purpose of this study was to examine the understanding of pediatric dental terms associated with the dental caries process among low-income caregivers.

Methods This study included 14 caregivers with children enrolled in a Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) in the Southeastern US. Through structured phone interviews, the validated Oral Health Literacy Inventory for Parents (OH-LIP) was used …

Mitigating The Opioid Epidemic Crisis: An Assessment Of Multidisciplinary Public Health Interventions And Substance Use Disorder Curriculum Expansion In Osteopathic Institutions, Olalekan Ogunsakin

Touro Law Review

The opioid epidemic remains a critical public health crisis, with over one million drug overdose deaths reported since 1999. In 2021 alone, more than 80,000 deaths were attributed to opioid overdoses, with synthetic opioids like fentanyl contributing to nearly 88% of these fatalities. This evolving epidemic underscores the urgent need for innovative approaches to address the misuse of opioids, particularly in healthcare settings. This study evaluates a multidisciplinary public health intervention focusing on substance use disorder (“SUD”) curriculum expansion in osteopathic institutions. Designed to bridge knowledge gaps among future healthcare professionals, the intervention included training over 1,200 osteopathic students in …

Match Accuracy Of Burned Teeth: A Pilot Study Of Allied Dental Professionals, Brenda T. Bradshaw, Marsha A. Voelker, Samantha C. Vest, Sinjini Sikdar

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to assess allied dental professionals' match accuracy of burned teeth; a skill required by disaster victim identification (DVI) team members.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used a convenience sample of registered dental hygienists (RDH) (n=15) and dental assistants (DA) (n=15) to assess their match accuracy of burned teeth with simulated antemortem (AM) and postmortem (PM) images. Fifteen human teeth were heated at 400°C for 15 minutes. Prior to and following heat alteration, each tooth was photographed and radiographed. Images were presented to participants in randomized order, and they were instructed to correctly match …

Improving Dental Hygiene Students' Knowledge, Attitudes, And Confidence Toward Prenatal Oral Health Through Experiential Learning, Denise C. Mckinney, Sinjini Sikdar, Shillpa Naavaal

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Purpose Maintaining optimal oral health is essential for maternal health as well as the health of their child. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine dental hygiene (DH) students' knowledge of prenatal oral health before and after receiving an asynchronous prenatal oral health care training (POHCT), and their attitudes and self-perceived confidence before and after receiving an experiential learning opportunity with a pregnant and/or post-partum client at a Women's Infants and Children nutrition program (WIC) clinic.

Methods A one-group pre/post-test design was used. This IRB-approved study (#2027439-4) utilized a convenience sample of DH student participants (n=37) in their …

The Use Of Motivational Interviewing In Preventing Dental Caries Among Young Children, Denise C. Mckinney, Melissa L. Sullivan, Futun Alkhalifah

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Dental caries is a complex, preventable disease that remains a global health burden. The burden of this disease has been shown to impact young children before the age of 6 years. Discussing dental caries prevention with the mother/caregiver(s) prior to childbirth is an ideal time to influence positive oral health behaviors. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a person-centered, goal-oriented, collaborative communication style that has been used to help individuals modify behaviors. The interrelated principles of partnership, acceptance, compassion, and evocation underpin the MI approach while utilizing communication skills such as asking open-ended questions, affirmation, reflective listening, and summarizing (OARS) to engage …