Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Characterization Of Plasma At(N) Biomarkers Among A Racial And Ethnically Diverse Community-Based Cohort: An Habs-Hd Study, Melissa E Petersen, Beau M Ances, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers of Amyloid(A), Tau(T), and Neurodegeneration(N) have been increasingly studied to fill the gap in our understanding of racial and ethnic differences. This study aimed to examine the relationship between plasma AT(N) biomarkers and (1) AT(N) neuroimaging biomarkers, (2) demographics, (3) medical comorbidities, and (4) cognitive diagnosis.

METHODS: Data were analyzed from

RESULTS: Differences in the AT(N) biomarkers were found across racial/ethnic groups. Plasma Aβ42/40 was found to be associated with PET amyloid positivity only among NHW participants, while plasma NfL was found to correlate with Meta-ROI among NHB and Hispanic participants. Ptau181 was associated with …

Acute Metabolic Decompensation After Liver Transplant In A Patient With Maple Syrup Urine Disease, Shao Ching Tu, Marium Khan, Katie Wolfe, Sakil S Kulkarni, Elizabeth Toolan, Dorothy K Grange

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by the accumulation of branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) caused by a defect in the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. Liver transplant is an effective therapy for MSUD, and patients can usually tolerate a regular diet after transplant without symptomatic metabolic decompensation. Most post-transplant patients do not follow a sick-day diet. We report a case of a 7-year-old male with MSUD Type IA, status post-liver transplant at 2 years of age, who presented with profound encephalopathy following poor oral intake and vomiting for 3 days. Broad …

An Emerging Obstacle To Childhood Obesity Control And Prevention, Queeneth C. Edwards, Jian Zhang

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

The rise of telehealth has created both opportunities and challenges as healthcare providers seek to balance the convenience of telemedicine with the need for effective and comprehensive care.1-3 This commentary highlights the implications of telehealth for addressing pediatric obesity, a pressing public health issue.

From Judgment To Support: Advocating For Mothers Of Children With Behavioral Disorders, Alisha Riggins, Jessica Guerrette, Nazish Masud, Tobi Oloyede, Sarah Sejoro, Joanne Chopak-Foss, Logan Cowan

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

Harmonizing Healing: Integrating Traditional/Cultural Remedies And Western Medicine For Chronic Pain Management In Immigrant Populations, Doreen Ugwu, Samuel T. Opoku

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

Breaking The Cycle: Public Health Solutions For Homeless Youth And Foster Care Survivors, Alysia D. Williams, Bettye Apenteng

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

The Silent Transition: Lack Of Awareness Of Perimenopause Leaves Women Unprepared, Tara Hassani Goodarzi, Joanne Chopak-Foss

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

Healthy Homes, Healthy Lives: An Essential Call To Action For Public Health, Samuel Mbadu, Santino Oifoh, Katie M. Mercer, Atin Adhikari

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

The Important Role Of Health State Departments In The Surveillance And Control Of Tick-Borne Diseases, Seun Abiola, Marina Eremeeva

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

The Importance Of Supply Chain Management In Improving Maternal, Newborn, And Child Health, Tamah Kamlem, Katie M. Mercer

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

Buyer Be Aware: An Underutilized Tool In The Public Health Protection Toolkit, Padde Musa, Jacob Gakpo, Samuel T. Opoku, Bettye A. Apenteng

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

Developing, Implementing, And Evaluating The First National Memory And Cognition Clinic Guidelines In Australia, Inga Mehrani, Matthew Paradise, Lee Fay Low, Sue Kurrle, Valerie Arsenova, Gemma Jahn, Katrina Fyfe, Johannes C. Michaelian, Katharine Salmon, Jane Alty, Sharon L. Naismith, Perminder S. Sachdev

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: A lack of national consensus on the roles and responsibilities of Australian memory and cognition clinics contributes to the large variability seen across services. The introduction of guidelines and a quality assessment framework could facilitate greater harmonization and quality improvements.

Methods: We used a modified Delphi process to develop the guidelines. Pilot clinics completed a self-assessment, case-note audit, and review meeting to evaluate their service against the guidelines.

Results: The final guidelines included 160 standards on 14 different topics. Standards around maximum waiting times for an assessment and minimum post-diagnostic care responsibilities were particularly controversial. Seven clinics participated in …

The Impact Of A Planned Change To Nurse Staffing Levels In Emergency Departments: A Pre-Test, Post-Test Design, Vera J.C. Mc Carthy, Noeleen Brady, Ashling Murphy, Aileen Murphy, Jane Ball, Robert Crouch, Christine Duffield, Peter Griffiths, Anne Scott, Jonathan Drennan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aim: To examine burnout levels, nurse perceptions of the work environment, job satisfaction, intention to stay and quality of care for nurses working in emergency departments before and following a planned change to nurse staffing levels. Design: A pre-post observational design. Methods: A systematic approach (Nursing Hours per Patient Presentation) was introduced to determine nurse staffing levels based on patient presentations resulting in adjustments to nurse staffing. Data on burnout, the work environment, intention to stay, job satisfaction and quality of care were collected from three emergency departments prior to and following the adjustments to nurse staffing. Results: An adjustment …

Assessing The Effect Of Awareness Of International Oxygen Therapy Guidelines On Oxygen Administration Practices Among Nurses During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Survey Of Nurses Working In The Pediatric And Medical Departments Of A National Teaching And Referral Hospital In Low-Resource Settings, Joseph Odhiambo, Lucy W Kivuti-Bitok, Solomon Omare, Irene Ngune

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Awareness of International Oxygen Therapy Guidelines (IOTG) may have impacted oxygen therapy experience during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This study explored if nurses at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) were aware of IOTG and if this awareness influenced their practice of oxygen administration during Covid-19 era. A survey of 80 nurses, from both pediatric and medical departments was carried out. Data collection was done through a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the association between variables with Chi-square and t-test at p < 0.05. The mean age of the respondents was 39.82 ± 9.32, and 66.3 % were females. Respondents had an average of 2.47 years (±2.35) since the last oxygen therapy refresher training. Over 60 % of participants had been administered oxygen less than a month preceding the survey. Lack of awareness of IOTG (X2 = 7.113 (df = 1, n = 80), p = 0.008) and experience administering oxygen to a covid-19 patient (X2 = 6.851 (df = 1, n = 80), p = 0.018), were associated with low awareness of Covid-19 ventilation and oxygenation guidelines. Experience of having administered Oxygen to a Covid-19 patient (X2 = 6.851 (df = 1, n = 80), p = 0.018) and having reviewed or used any guidelines on oxygen therapy (X2 = 7.113 (df = 1, n = 80), p = 0.008) were significantly associated with awareness of covid 19 ventilation and oxygenation guidelines. Further regular training in oxygen therapy is needed to ensure good clinical practice.

Child And Family Centred Care: A Three-Phased Principle-Based Concept Analysis, Maggie Zgambo, Julie Blamires, Mandie Foster, Mohammad Al-Motlaq, Therese A. O'Sullivan, Davina Houghton, Evalotte Mörelius

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Despite a growing multidisciplinary interest in the Child and Family Centred Care approach, its meaning remains unclear in extant literature. It is, therefore, crucial to explore, analyse, describe, and clarify the concept of the Child and Family Centred Care approach and its associated terms. Method: A three-phased principle-based concept analysis approach was used to analyse the concept of Child and Family Centred Care. A systematic search of literature was completed using the CINAHL, PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Peer-reviewed articles on Child and Family Centred Care, published from inception to 2023 were included if they were …

Investigating The Internal And External Load Associated With Umpiring Semi-Professional Australian Rules Football, Corey Wilson, Mark Scanlan, Colin S. Doherty, Oliver R. Barley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: This investigation examined internal and external load associated with umpiring semi-professional Australian Rules football, an area of limited research. Objective: This exploratory quantitative study recruited 39 field umpires (Age: 25.2 ± 6.8 y, Body Mass: 74.6 ± 7.9 kg, Height: 178.9 ± 7.4 cm) from the Western Australian Football League (WAFL). Each participant was assessed in one match only. Methodology: External measures (total distance [TD], floating distance [FSD], high-intensity running distance [HSD]) and internal measures (blood lactate [BLa], heart rate [HR], rating of perceived exertion [RPE]) were collected during 22 matches, of the 2023 WAFL season. Data collection was …

Investigating The Interplay Of Thermal, Lighting, And Acoustics In Intensive Care For Enhanced Patient Well-Being And Clinical Outcomes, Emil E. Jonescu, Edward Litton, Benjamin Farrell

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This research explores the interplay among noise levels, thermal conditions, and lighting intensity in an intensive care unit (ICU), focusing on preserving circadian rhythm and promoting nighttime sleep to advance patient-centric care. This investigation assesses lighting levels (Lux), natural versus artificial light ratios, ICU room temperature, and correlations with acoustic data during a field research period and examines the collective impact of patient exposure to sleep linked to delirium and health outcomes, addressing critical gaps in understanding. Findings reveal that noise levels between 60 and 90 dB(A) during patient occupancy exceed sleep disruption thresholds, with daytime averages of 53.6 dB(A) …

Clinical Is The Pinnacle: Nurse Academics' Perspectives And Opinions Of Their Students Undertaking Mental Health Clinical Placements, Lorna Moxham, Kim Foster, Brenda Happell, Richard Lakeman, Michael Hazelton, John Hurley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Clinical placements form an integral and important part of preregistration nursing student learning. The theory–practice gap has been identified as problematic, with clinical experience being a key strategy to address this. Despite this, the perceptions of nurse academics teaching preregistration mental health nursing regarding clinical placements have not been widely explored. To garner perspectives and experiences of mental health clinical placements from nurse academics teaching mental health nursing to preregistration nursing students. A descriptive qualitative study involving 19 nurse academics from 13 metropolitan and regional Australian universities, who were involved in the design and delivery of preregistration mental health nursing …

Translating Acceptability To Sustained Delivery: Clinician And Manager Perspectives On Implementing Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy In An Early-Supported Discharge Rehabilitation Service, Ashan Weerakkody, Erin Godecke, Barby Singer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) improves upper limb (UL) function after stroke. Despite up to one-third of stroke survivors being eligible, clinical uptake remains poor. To address this, a multi-modal behaviour change intervention was implemented across a large seven-site early-supported discharge (ESD) rehabilitation service. This study investigated the acceptability of mCIMT implementation within this ESD service and identified adaptations required for sustained delivery.

Methods: This qualitative study was nested within a mixed-methods process evaluation of mCIMT implementation. Four focus groups (n = 24) comprising therapists (two groups), therapy assistants (one group), and allied health managers (one group) were conducted. …

Cultural Influences, Experiences And Interventions Targeting Self-Management Behaviours For Prediabetes Or Type 2 Diabetes In First-Generation Immigrants: A Scoping Review, Min Zhang, Kirsten Coppell, Johnny Lo, Lisa Whitehead

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aim: To map the existing evidence and identify research gaps regarding the self-management of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes among first-generation immigrants ≥ 18 years. Design: A scoping review followed the JBI guidelines and was in accordance with the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews. Methods: A systematic search of CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ProQuest, SCOPUS and the Web of Science was conducted. Grey literature and reference lists of included studies were searched for additional citations. Articles published in English from the database inception to February 2023 were included. Results: We included 96 studies, of which 28.1% were published within …

The Association Of Vitamin D Status In Us Adults With Depression: Nhanes 2011 - 2018, Joshua A. Yearout

All Master's Theses

ABSTRACT

Background: Vitamin D (VD), essential for bone health and various physiological processes, has been increasingly associated with mental health, particularly depression. Depression is the most common and prevalent of disorders regarding mental health. It is influenced by biological, psychological, and socioeconomic factors. This study examines association and the interplay of both vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and depression among adults 18- 70+ residing in the U.S, focusing on disparities across demographic and socioeconomic groups.

Methods: Data was taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2018. The present study utilized a cross-sectional analysis included 7,981 participants aged 18 …

Relative Energy Deficiency In Sport: Risk Assessment In Collegiate Female Athletes Using The Reds Cat2 Tool, Kelsea Elizabeth Nunes

All Master's Theses

Context: Alterations in energy intake (EI) and high exercise energy expenditure (EEE) may increase the risk of low energy availability (LEA) in Division II female collegiate ball sport athletes. Furthermore, chronic LEA can transition to problematic LEA, leading to Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs).

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the current severity and prevalence of REDs using the REDs CAT2 Tool and the Female Athlete Triad using the FAT CRA in Division II collegiate female volleyball, basketball, soccer, and rugby athletes.

Design: Cross-sectional design.

Setting: Research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants …

Characteristics Contributing To The Risk Of Diabulimia In Adults Living In The United States, Danielle L. Van Hout

All Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors that contribute to the risk of diabulimia by using the validated Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R) (Markowitz et al., 2009) screening tool in adults living in the U.S., as well as to examine differences in individuals at-risk and not-at-risk for diabulimia. This observational study involved a 30-question Qualtrics survey containing the DEPS-R distributed via various social media outlets and flyers on the CWU Ellensburg campus. Participants were required to be 18 years or older, diagnosed with T1DM for more than one year, and live in the U.S to …

Focus Group Interview: Perspectives Of Virtual Dietary Counseling Methods Post Covid-19 Pandemic, Maria R. Mendoza

All Master's Theses

In response to the prevalence of morbidity and mortality, studies to avert these conditions in a cost-effective and accessible manner are also increasing. Developing new methods to provide nutrition education that are more accessible is critical to reaching individuals who may experience socioeconomic barriers impacting their ability to access healthcare. The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions related to different delivery methods of dietary counseling. This qualitative research study will examine the perceptions related to different methods of dietary counseling (telephone calls, video calls, or face-to-face visits). Focus group one contained provider participants (N = 7), which …

Nuclear Destabilisation – A Possible Genesis Of Cancer?, Daniel D. Scott, Francesco Bettariga, Marco Ventin, Chris Bishop, Britta Stordal

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This review examines the increasingly prominent role of mechanics within cancer formation and progression. The extremely varied and contradictory genetic landscape of cancer is in stark contrast to the seemingly universal mechanical characteristics of cancer cells and their tumour microenvironment, and mechanics may be a principal unifying trait of this disease. The tight regulation of innate cell mechanical properties raises the possibility that destabilisation of the cell drives tumour formation in an attempt to restore cell mechanical homeostasis. With losses in cell stiffness more pronounced at the cell nucleus, we hypothesise that destabilisation occurs within the nucleus, likely within the …

Association Between Hypertension And Dementia Risk In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review, Josephine E. Lindhout, Marieke P. Hoevenaar-Blom, Jan Willem Van Dalen, Manshu Song, Dong Lin, Wei Wang, Edo Richard, Eric P. Moll Van Charante, Tessa Van Middelaar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Dementia prevalence is rising most rapidly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), yet most evidence on risk factors such as hypertension stems from high-income settings. In LMICs, hypertension may have a greater impact due to its high prevalence and poor control. We systematically reviewed evidence on the association between blood pressure and dementia and cognition in LMICs, and compared findings across regions. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Global Index Medicus and reviewed reference lists for relevant studies. We included longitudinal studies (follow-up ≥6 months) from LMICs on the association between systolic blood pressure or hypertension and incident …

Elevated Inflammation Supra-Additively Promotes The Progression From Prediabetes To Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study, Yulong Lan, Dan Wu, Huancong Zheng, Xiong Ding, Hui Zhou, Kuangyi Wu, Weiqiang Wu, Zegui Huang, Xianxuan Wang, Wei Wang, Shouling Wu, Youren Chen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background Factors impacting on the conversion of prediabetes to diabetes or normoglycemia remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of subclinical inflammation, assessed by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), in the progression to diabetes from prediabetes, assessed by impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Methods Time-to-event survival analyses were conducted among 82 475 participants without diabetes from Kailuan Study (a real-life prospective cohort in China) to access the isolated and joint effect of hsCRP and IFG on diabetes risk, and quantify their relative contribution to incident diabetes. Results Over a median 11-year follow-up, 14 215 diabetes cases were recorded. IFG and …

Improving Mental Health Referral Systems In Rural Australia: Co-Design Study With Health Professionals And Consumers, Kate Bartel, Asini Malinka Siriwardene, Paul Worley, Kim Pearce, Niranjan Bidargaddi, Bronwin Patrickson, Simon Moody, Sharon Wingard, Martin Jones, Brian Mckenny, Darryl Cameron, Sharon Lawn, Amy E. Mendham

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: In rural Australia, geographical isolation, limited resources, and complex health care navigation create significant barriers to mental health care access. Mental health care professionals and organizations often work in segregation, exacerbating existing barriers. Digital technology provides an opportunity to improve communication between providers and streamline workflows while supporting a diverse range of consumers. Objective: This co-design study aimed to identify rural community needs and explore digital solutions to enhance mental health service delivery pathways. Methods: Using a design-thinking methodology, we conducted focus groups and workshops with 17 participants (7 consumers and caregivers and 10 health care professionals) from a …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Postpartum Depression Among Postnatal Mothers With Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy In A Developing Country, Wina Ivy Ofori Boadu, Enoch Odame Anto, Edmund Mintah Wiafe, Michael Nyantakyi, Joseph Frimpong, Emmanuel Ekow Korsah, Ezekiel Ansah, Afia Agyapomaa Kwayie, Elizabeth Aboagye, Christian Obirikorang, Emmanuel Timmy Donkoh, Kwame Ofori Boadu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Postpartum depression is a public health issue affecting both maternal well-being and child development. While it is the most common mental health disorder following childbirth, data on its prevalence and associated risk factors in developing countries, including Ghana, remains limited. Objectives: This study determined the prevalence of postpartum depression and identified its associated risk factors among pregnant women who developed hypertensive disorders of pregnancy at the Adabraka Polyclinic in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Design: This study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 159 postnatal mothers who delivered between March 31, …

The Role Of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein In The Neuropathology Of Alzheimer’S Disease And Its Potential As A Blood Biomarker For Early Diagnosis And Progression, Ekanayaka M.S. Bandara, Prita R. Asih, Steve Pedrini, Eugene Hone, Warnakulasuriya Mary Ann Dipika Binosha Fernando, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by neuropathological hallmarks, including extracellular amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The disease is clinically defined by cognitive dysfunction, including learning, memory deficits, and behavioural changes. With the rising global prevalence of AD, early diagnosis is critical for implementing effective interventions before irreversible neuronal damage occurs. Biomarkers correlating amyloid deposition, tau pathology, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration are currently being investigated using cerebrospinal fluid analysis and positron emission tomography imaging. These methods are invasive or costly, limiting their widespread clinical utility. Blood-based biomarkers offer a promising alternative due to accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and feasibility for large-scale …