Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Nurses’ Perceptions And Expectations Of Patient Violence: Language Matters, Darcy Copeland, Mary Potter, Susan Tipton, Debra Culter

Nursing Faculty Publications

Background: Patient violence is a serious occupational risk for nurses. Some professional rhetoric presents this risk as not part of nursing work, discounting widespread exposure. There is a disjunction between nurses’ experiences and the discourse they are exposed to. There is little to no evidence indicating whether nurses think it is possible to eliminate patient violence or whether their expectations of exposure to patient violence align with the significant risk they face. Purpose: The purpose of this analysis was to examine nurses’ perceptions related to the elimination of, expectations of, and desired state regarding exposure to patient violence. Methods: This …

The Present And Future Of Ai: Ethical Issues And Research Opportunities, Ankita Srivastava, Marco Marabelli, Danielle Blanch-Hartigan, Jeffrey Moriarty, Evan Carey

Philosophy Faculty Publications

Healthcare is currently a fast-changing industry with AI and generative AI (GenAI) playing a prominent role in the transformation of clinical as well as managerial practices. Clinical practices involve AI to diagnose diseases and develop new drugs and compounds, while managerial practices concern AI-supporting processes such as billing patients and insurance companies, handling electronic medical records, and supporting remote connections with patients, increasingly using virtual and augmented reality. Yet, all these opportunities offered by AI come with challenges involving potential ethical issues, such as discrimination, bias, lack of accessibility, and privacy issues. In March 2024, we organized a panel with …

March 2025: Region 10 Emerging Special Pathogen Treatment Center (Resptc) At Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center & Children’S Hospital, Providence - Special Pathogens Program

Special Pathogens Newsletters

REGION 10 SPECIAL PATHOGENS NEWSLETTER

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - March 2025, The George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

From Past To Present: Tracing Africa’S Path To Universal Health Coverage, Evaline Chepchirchir Langat, Paul Russell Ward, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Lillian Mwanri

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

At the 58th World Health Assembly in 2005, the international community charted a course for universal health coverage (UHC), aiming to ensure access to health care for all in need, of sufficient quality, and without causing financial hardship. At the time, barriers to accessing health care were overwhelming, particularly in low-and middle-income countries like Africa. Currently, 50 of Africa’s 54 countries are in various phases of UHC implementation. Some are developing national UHC agendas, while others have made significant progress but still face gaps in meeting UHC targets. This mini review comprehensively examines the literature to understand the temporal and …

Evaluating The Effect Of Consumption Of Fermented Foods On Glycemic Control And Markers Of Cardiometabolic Risk Amongst Pre-Diabetic And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Adult Patients: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Alex Makau Muia

Master of Medicine in Family Medicine

Introduction 

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a major global health challenge, particularly in resource limited countries where conventional treatments are often inaccessible or unaffordable. While lifestyle interventions can reduce diabetes risk, their efficacy is moderate, highlighting the need for alternative strategies. Fermented foods (FFs), which are widely available and affordable, have been shown to improve glucose metabolism and may offer a promising adjunct in the prevention and management of T2DM and prediabetes.

Methods 

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the effects of fermented food consumption on glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk markers in adults with prediabetes …

African Guidelines For Diagnosis And Management Of Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Paflar Initiative, Mohammed Hassan Abu-Zaid, Angela Migowa, Hanna Lishan Kassa, Wassila Messadi, Yassmine Taha, Yaninga Halwani Fuseini, Madeleine Ngandeu, Yasser El Miedany, Michael Hofer, Wafa Hamdi

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatologic disease of childhood. The Existing guidelines for polyarticular JIA are typically based on data from non-African populations and may not fully address the unique challenges faced in African settings. We aimed to produce updated African guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of children and adolescents with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (poly-JIA).

Methods This study was conducted with the aim of reaching a consensus among African experts on the diagnosis and treatment of poly-JIA using the Delphi technique. The frst scientifc committee identifed a total of 15 key clinical questions according …

Neurocognitive Gains Among Ugandan Children With Sickle Cell Anemia On Hydroxyurea: 18-Month Trial Interim Results, Shubaya Kasule Naggayi, Dennis Kalibbala, Vincent Mboizi, John M. Ssenkusu, Zhezhen Jin, Caterina Rosano, Deogratias Munube, Bill Wambaka, Ruth Namazzi, Robert Opoka

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) frequently develop progressive neurocognitive impairment. We aimed to determine effects of hydroxyurea therapy on neurocognitive function in Ugandan children with SCA by comparing levels at enrollment to a planned 18-month interim assessment. Ugandan children (N=264) ages 3-9 years were enrolled from a SCA clinic and treated in a 30-month singlearm open-label trial with escalation to maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Primary outcome was the effects of hydroxyurea on cognition, attention and executive function, along with transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD) blood flow velocity. Sibling controls (N=110) without SCA underwent neurocognitive testing in parallel to establish age-normalized …

Nursing News & Views - March 2025, Brenda Rocha Rn, Cno

Nursing Newsletters

Nursing News & Views Newsletter - March 2025

Mycoplasma Hominis–Associated Septic Arthritis Masquerading As Gouty Arthritis, Angelina Liddy, Carolyn Kramer, Devin M. Weber

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Faculty Papers

Septic arthritis caused by M. hominis is exceptionally rare. Here, we report on a 62-year-old man with a medical history of gout and renal cell carcinoma who presented with persistent knee pain and swelling following partial nephrectomy complicated by an abdominal abscess. Arthrocentesis revealed monosodium urate crystals, leading to the initial diagnosis and treatment of gouty arthritis using intra-articular steroid injections, allopurinol, and colchicine. Initial cultures yielded no growth. However, faint transparent colonies grew after discharge, which were eventually identified as M. hominis. Initial antibacterial therapy targeting suspect Mycoplasma spp. was begun with doxycycline, and the patient ultimately completed 12 …

New Dentist News (March 2025), Ada Committee On The New Dentist

New Dentist News

New Dentist News offers timely information on scientific, social, educational, political and economic developments affecting new dentists. This collection is historical and items may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA. The New Dentist News was alternately titled ADA Lifeline, 1997-June 2001.

A Preliminary Report Of The Carotenoid Assessment In Adults 50 Years Of Age And Older In Louisiana, Mary-Catherine Feazell

Master's Theses

Fruits and vegetables are at the core of a healthy, balanced diet. They assist in preventing the development of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer (Fadnes, et al., 2022). Aging is a natural biological process followed by disease, cognitive impairment, and a natural decline of the body’s ability to perform at its best. The older adult population is currently the fastest-growing population globally (El-Shebiney et al., 2022). Vitamin A is crucial for several parts of the body to function correctly. Despite the positive effects of Vitamin A on the body, the recommended dietary intake is not …

Violence Against Healthcare Workers In Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Sub-Analysis Of The Global Vishwas Study, Reena Shah, Jasmit Shah, Rakhtan K. Qasba, Ruman K. Qasba, Annastacia Mbithi, Eric Njenga, Akshat Banga, Rahul Kashyap, Salim Surani

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

Background: Global concern exists for workplace violence against healthcare workers (HCWs), especially in low and middle-income nations. This violence includes physical, verbal, or sexual abuse and has a significant impact despite initiatives like Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines. We conducted a study in Kenya to address this issue.

Methods: We did a cross-sectional survey that collected responses during June 6th to August 9th, 2022, focused on healthcare professionals in Kenya within the global ViSHWaS study. Violence against healthcare professionals in multiple Kenyan counties was analysed, The study reached participants through social media, emails, and other channels using a …

Development And Evaluation Of An Interdisciplinary Rotation For Anesthesia Residents In Laryngology, Cole J. Homer, Kristy Carlson, Faye Haggar, Chris Bingcang, Andrea Dutoit, Tj Lockhart, Evan Ryan, Jayme Dowdall

EMET Projects

The medical fields of anesthesiology and otolaryngology (ENT – ears, nose, throat) are defined by overlapping clinical expertise as it relates to the management of airway issues. As a result of this shared clinical domain, interdisciplinary educational experiences provide an opportunity for collaboration and a broadened experience for resident physician learning. Our institution developed a two-week rotation in otolaryngology for first-year anesthesiology interns with the goal of utilizing interdisciplinary coaching to develop both technical and non-technical skills in airway management. The purpose of this project is to perform a formal evaluation of this rotation and share our training methods and …

Representation And Outcomes Of Catheter Ablation For Treatment Of Atrial Fibrillation Among Patients With Obesity: A Systematic Review Of Randomized Control Trials, Danielle Dircks, Eh M. Khaing, James Aguto, Jmaylia Mimms, William Schleifer, Jason Payne, Arthur Easley, Faris Khan Md, John Windle, Shane Tsai, Daniel Anderson Md, Gleb Haynatzki, Niyada Naksuk

EMET Projects

Background: The prevalence and impact of obesity on outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have not been well studied.

Objective: To examine the proportion of participants with obesity enrolled in RCTs of AF ablation and outcomes of ablation when subgroup analysis of participants with obesity were available.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed and EMBASE for AF ablation RCTs published between January 1, 2015 to May 31, 2022. When body mass index (BMI) data were available, normal distribution was assumed and a z score was used to estimate the proportion of obesity. Results categorized by BMI or …

Unified Adaptive Cross-Attention Multimodal Network, Mahesh Sunuwar

Shelby Hall Graduate Research Forum Posters

Accurately diagnosing appendicitis remains a significant challenge in emergency medicine due to its varied clinical presentation and overlap with other abdominal conditions. Existing diagnostic models often rely on unimodal data, such as computed tomography (CT) images or clinical notes, limiting their ability to capture the full complexity of patient information. This study proposes a novel multimodal framework, a Unified Adaptive Cross-Attention Multimodal Framework (u-ACM), that integrates CT images and clinical notes using hybrid fusion strategies to improve diagnostic accuracy for appendicitis. The u-ACM leverages adaptive contextual filtering to dynamically remove irrelevant features, crossattention mechanisms to align features between modalities, and …

Preserving Privacy In Senior Care At Home Monitoring Systems, Sam Russel, Ryan Benton, Amy Campbell, Scott Sittig

Shelby Hall Graduate Research Forum Posters

Many seniors prefer to live at home which necessitates research into the application of technologies to provide a safer environment with less caregiver resources. However, the application of home health care (HHC) monitoring for seniors is still in an evolutionary stage. Present HHC systems are produced by private companies with general regulatory guidelines lacking specific care of the elderly. As such, each company that produces such a system claims to have better safety, privacy, and security that their competitors. A pressing issues is devising and applying a general framework for the application of technologies that delivers safety while preserving privacy. …

False Narratives, Real Consequences, Russell W. Cantrell, Matt Campbell

Shelby Hall Graduate Research Forum Posters

Social media is an increasingly significant tool in modern cyber warfare, capable of rapidly shaping public opinion. The swift dissemination of information complicates efforts to distinguish fact from fiction [1]. During public health crises, healthcare professionals use these platforms to share updates, yet their credible content must contend with false or deliberately misleading narratives [2]. This environment creates an opportunity for cyberattacks through social media influence campaigns [3]. While disinformation's role in political interference has been widely studied, its potential to destabilize healthcare remains largely unexplored. Prior research primarily focuses on how vaccine misinformation affects the general public [4]. This …

Brain-Type Natriuretic Peptide Is A Useful Biomarker Of Cardiovascular Disease And Predictor Of Cardiac-Related Mortality In Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes), Angela M. Achorn, Carolyn L. Hodo, Martha E. Hensel, Elizabeth R. Magden, Stephanie J. Buchl

Anthropology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE

To validate the use of brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) for detecting and monitoring cardiac dysfunction in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

METHODS

We analyzed cross-sectional (N = 175) and longitudinal (N = 76) BNP, echocardiogram, ECG, and pathology data from living and deceased captive chimpanzees to examine age and sex effects and to assess the usefulness of BNP for detecting cardiovascular disease and predicting mortality. The study period was from July 2010 through October 2024.

RESULTS

Brain-type natriuretic peptide values were significantly associated with age, and males exhibited significantly higher BNP values than females. Brain-type natriuretic peptide values …

Effect Of Social Determinants Of Health On Clinic Visit Attendance In Patients With Hemophilia, Shailly Gaur, Brian Lee Phd, Mph, James Anderst Md, Msci, Katie Foote Lscsw, Lcsw, Osw-C, Andrea Bradley-Ewing Mpa, Ma, Shannon L. Carpenter

Posters

Background Social determinants of health (SDOH) create barriers to seeking care regularly, especially for patients with chronic disease. Patients with moderate-severe hemophilia A and B (factor 8 and 9 deficiencies respectively) have a life-long higher risk of bleeding and require chronic therapies. Specialized care is offered through hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs); however, these can be difficult to access for some individuals. Previous SDOH research in this patient population has been limited; therefore, it can be difficult to identify the barriers to care that exist. There is a need to examine SDOH more thoroughly to create patient-directed interventions to improve access …

The Pediatric Ecmo Diary: Strengthening Communication, Family Coping, And Staff Engagement, Sarah P. Jimenez, Johanna I. Orrick, Kari L. Davidson

Posters

Bedside diaries have been used in Adult Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Europe since the 1970s. These journals encourage clinicians to record a patient’s progress, illness narrative, and daily occurrences. Adult ICUs in America are beginning to implement and study the benefits of ICU journals. Bedside journals have been shown to increase staff engagement and aid in psychological recovery for patients and families following their illness. These diaries improve communication between the healthcare team and families, and help patients make sense of ICU stays by filling in memory gaps. Studies on ICU diaries have shown that a bedside diary kept …

Stress Of Dental Students, Ellen Lee Dds, Ningshu Lyu Dds, Yixin Bao Dds, Yutong Fan Dds, Yueqi Gao Dds, Bryan Gu Dds, Vicky Quach Dds

The New York State Dental Journal

The purpose of this study is to assess what factors cause the most stress for students in dental school and to evaluate different ways to reduce stress. Our aim is to analyze the factors causing stress and offer strategies to help students overcome it.

Management Of A Splenic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Secondary To Pancreatitis, Anika Pruthi, Abigail Clark, Katherine Mcmackin, Laurel Hastings, Michael Hsu

Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Departmental Research

Introduction: Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm (SAP) is a rare and fatal complication of pancreatitis which, in the presence of a pseudocyst, requires prompt intervention to prevent rupture and hemorrhagic shock.

Case Description: A 43-year-old female with a history of chronic alcohol use, hypertension, and acute on chronic pancreatitis complicated by a pseudocyst requiring cystogastrostomy, presented as a direct transfer with abdominal pain, nausea, and poor intake by mouth. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis with intravenous contrast revealed an enlarged pancreas with multiple calcifications and mild peripancreatic fat stranding. The pancreatic duct was dilated up to 9 mm, with a …

Impact Of Proviq Process Confirmations And Daily Management Systems On Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection Rates, Missy Thingelstad, Caitie Van Eerden, Travis Scott, Tiara L. Benson, Allison Engle, Shih-Ting Chiu, Ma Fe Chase, Melissa Scheck, Cecilia Malama, Brooke Higgins

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Problem Statement: Our 539-bed tertiary care center observed an increase in the Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) Standardized Infection Ratio (SIR) from 0.88 to 1.28 when comparing October to December of 2023 to 2024. CAUTIs are associated with increased patient discomfort, mortality, morbidity, length of stay, and cost. Methods: Using ProvIQ methodology, process confirmation cards were introduced in eight pilot units, including critical care, medical-surgical, and maternal-child specialties, from October to December 2024. ProvIQ is an evidence-based quality improvement methodology including a basket of measures from Lean, Six Sigma, and change management. This program was developed by Quality Management …

Analysis Of Nuclear Security And Safety Integration Using Survey Responses And Pairwise Comparison Methods, Sheila V. Gbormittah, Theodore A. Thomas, Jason Timothy Harris

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Integrating nuclear security and safety is important for implementing and sustaining nuclear technology because it promises improved and effective management. This integration is an ongoing effort to ensure that both work together with minimal conflicts. This research aimed to determine the preferred level at which nuclear security and nuclear safety integrate by using the pairwise comparison methods of decision-making. This methodology used survey responses from women nuclear professionals to identify the most-desired criteria at three levels: strategic, operational, and cultural. The strategic level includes actions that government officials and regulators can take. The operational level encompasses actions that deliver the …

Management Of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Current Strategies And Future Prospects, Munish Sharma, Vivek Paudyal, Saifullah Khalid Syed, Rubi Thapa, Nadeem Kassam, Salim Surani

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), now known as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), has induced significant treatment breakthroughs in the past decade. Treatment has focused on improving patient survival and quality of life, and delaying disease progression. Current therapies are categorized based on targeting different pathways known to contribute to PAH, including endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs), phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5 inhibitors), prostacyclin analogs, soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, and activin signaling inhibitors such as Sotatercept. The latest addition to treatment options is soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, such as Riociguat, which directly stimulates the nitric oxide pathway, facilitating vasodilation. Looking to the future, advancements in …

Experiences Among Parents Caring For Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis At A Tertiary Referral Hospital In Kenya, Hassan Silim, Susan Wamithi, Roselyter Riang’A, Angela Migowa

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in childhood. Despite the availability of effective treatment strategies such as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), JIA is reported to have a negative impact on the quality of life of the patients and their caregivers. Ascertaining the perceptions of the parents will help facilitate more effective management strategies and improve outcomes for these patients. This study aimed to ascertain parental experiences and perceptions of caring for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Methods: This was a single-center facility-based qualitative study. An in-depth interview guide was used to collect …

Expediting Toxicological Evidence Collection In Patients Presenting To The Emergency Department With Report Of Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault (Dfsa): A Quality Improvement Project, Adelene Egan

DNP Projects

Title: Expediting Toxicological Evidence Collection in Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault: A Quality Improvement Project

Background/Significance: Drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) involves substance use to incapacitate victims, with rapid drug metabolism necessitating prompt evidence collection. Delays in blood collection reduce toxicology detection rates, compromising legal outcomes. In one New York ED, DFSA kits (Part B) were routinely collected after biological evidence (Part A), creating a critical gap.

Purpose: To improve compliance with evidence-based prioritization of blood collection (Part B before Part A) for DFSA cases through a structured QI initiative.

Methods: The project synthesized evidence from a systematic review of …

The Swahili Version Of The Cd-Risc 10 Resilience Scale: Psychometric Properties And Factors Associated With Resilience Among Healthcare Workers In Tanzania, Kevinson Mwangi, Sabina Odero, Gideon Mbithi, Rachel Odhiambo, Rosemary Stephen, Tumbwene Mwansisya, Eunice Pallangyo, Eunice Ndirangu, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Despite the central role of resilience in promoting mental well-being, little is known about the resilience process among healthcare workers in East Africa, partly due to the lack of adequately standardised and psychometrically sound assessment tools for our context. This study provides the first psychometric evaluation of the Swahili version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 (CD-RISC 10) among nurses/midwives and community health volunteers (CHVs) in Tanzania, potentially informing the accuracy of measuring resilience in this setting. Additionally, we examine factors associated with self-reported resilience as measured by the CD-RISC 10 scale.

Methods We used cross-sectional data on nurses/midwives …

The Feasibility Of Pharmacokinetic-Based Dosing Of Hydroxyurea For Children With Sickle Cell Anaemia In Uganda : Baseline Results Of The Alternative Dosing And Prevention Of Transfusions Trial, Alexandra Power Hays, Ruth Namazzi, Min Dong, Caroline Kazinga, Charles Kato, Sadat Aliwuya, Kathryn Mcelhinney, Andrea L. Conroy, Adam Lane, Robert Opoka

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Pharmacokinetic (PK)-guided dosing of hydroxyurea for children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) could optimize dosing and improve outcomes, but its feasibility has not been demonstrated in low-resource settings where the majority of affected children live. Alternative Dosing And Prevention of Transfusions (ADAPT) is a prospective trial evaluating blood transfusions and the feasibility of determining PK-guided, hydroxyurea maximum tolerated doses (MTD) for children with SCA in Uganda, using portable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a novel PK software programme (HdxSim). ADAPT enrolled 106 participants, and 100% completed PK testing. PK-guided doses were generated for 78%, of which 38% were within the …