Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Addressing Barriers To Equitable Telehealth For Older Adults, Bruce Leff, Christine S. Ritchie, Kristin L. Rising, Kendell Cannon, Liane Wardlow

Jefferson Center for Connected Care Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Technical Note: What Exercises Are Appropriate For Managing Back Pain In Persons With Lower Limb Amputation?, M. Jason Highsmith, Shawn Farrokhi, John M. Mayer

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Individuals with lower extremity amputation (LLA) have high rates of low back pain (LBP) and related disability. The purpose of this technical note is to discuss considerations and provide initial recommendations about what exercises may be appropriate for management of LBP in persons with LLA. Five commonly prescribed motor control and strengthening exercises (cat-camel, curl-up, bird dog, side bridge, and Roman chair extensor exercise) were examined for use in the LLA population. Each exercise seemed to be safe and appropriate for use in persons with LLA yet required additional considerations for use in this population. For example, some of the …

The Biological Intersection Between Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment And Alzheimer Disease, Matthew Torre, Camila A Zanella, Mel B Feany

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and one of the leading causes of death in elderly patients. The number of patients with AD in the United States is projected to double by 2060. Thus, understanding modifiable risk factors for AD is an urgent public health priority. In parallel with the number of patients with AD, the number of cancer survivors is estimated to increase significantly, and up to 80% of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy will develop cognitive deficits, termed chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment. This review discusses biologically plausible pathways underlying both disorders, with the goal of …

Inhibition Of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Perk/Atf4 Er Stress Signaling Protects Against Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Brennan Callow, Xiaobing He, Nicholas Juriga, Kevin D Mangum, Amrita Joshi, Xianying Xing, Andrea Obi, Abhijnan Chattopadhyay, Dianna M Milewicz, Mary X O'Riordan, Johann Gudjonsson, Katherine Gallagher, Frank M Davis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are a life-threatening cardiovascular disease for which there is a lack of effective therapy preventing aortic rupture. During AAA formation, pathological vascular remodeling is driven by vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction and apoptosis, for which the mechanisms regulating loss of VSMCs within the aortic wall remain poorly defined. Using single-cell RNA-Seq of human AAA tissues, we identified increased activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway, PERK/eIF2α/ATF4, in aortic VSMCs resulting in upregulation of an apoptotic cellular response. Mechanistically, we reported that aberrant TNF-α activity within the aortic wall induces VSMC ATF4 activation through the …

Cd5-Positive High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma With Myc, Bcl2, And Bcl6 Rearrangements, Wei J Wang, Zhihong Hu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Reduced Autoimmunity Associated With Deletion Of Host Cd73, Beanna Okeugo, Shabba A Armbrister, Rhea C Daniel, Zeina M Saleh, Jessica Wang, Salomea Giorgberidze, J Marc Rhoads, Yuying Liu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

CD73 is ubiquitously expressed and regulates critical functions across multiple organ systems. The sequential actions of CD39 and CD73 accomplish the conversion of adenosine triphosphate to adenosine and shift the adenosine triphosphate-driven proinflammatory immune cell milieu toward an anti-inflammatory state. This immunological switch is a major mechanism by which regulatory T (Treg) cells control inflammation. Foxp3 engages in Treg development and function. Foxp3 mutations result in the scurfy (SF) mouse phenotype and a rapidly lethal lymphoproliferative syndrome. We generated double knockout (KO) mouse (CD73KOSF) by breeding heterozygous Foxp3sf/J females to CD73KO male mice to remove host CD73. We initially aimed …

Fairs - A Framework For Evaluating The Inclusion Of Sex In Clinical Algorithms, Katherine E Goodman, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby, Rita F Redberg, Diane E Hoffmann

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Pull Or Play? The Interpretation Of A Novel, Ai-Powered On-Field Decision Support Tool., Lynne Becker, Dafne Badilla, Osho Yonzon, Xiaoyu Wu, Roland Rocafort, Erik Viogan Phd, Devansh Manocha

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

The document titled "Pull or Play? The interpretation of a novel, AI-powered on-field decision support tool" explores the development and application of the Injury Impact Severity Score (IISS)™ for assessing traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), particularly in sports settings. It addresses the limitations of current assessment tools like the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and proposes a more objective approach using patient-reported data and machine learning algorithms.

Key points include:

• Background: TBIs are a significant health concern with under-reported cases and a lack of effective research. Current assessment tools like the GCS have limitations in accuracy and speed, especially in dynamic …

Fos Expression In The Periaqueductal Gray, But Not The Ventromedial Hypothalamus, Is Correlated With Psychosocial Stress-Induced Cocaine-Seeking Behavior In Rats, Nicole M Hinds, Ireneusz D Wojtas, Desta M Pulley, Stephany J Mcdonald, Colton D Spencer, Milena Sudarikov, Nicole E Hubbard, Colin M Kulick-Soper, Samantha De Guzman, Sara Hayden, Jessica J Debski, Bianca Patel, Douglas P Fox, Daniel F Manvich

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Psychosocial stressors are known to promote cocaine craving and relapse in humans but are infrequently employed in preclinical relapse models. Consequently, the underlying neural circuitry by which these stressors drive cocaine seeking has not been thoroughly explored. Using Fos expression analyses, we sought to examine whether the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) or periaqueductal gray (PAG), two critical components of the brain's hypothalamic defense system, are activated during psychosocial stress-induced cocaine seeking. Adult male and female rats self-administered cocaine (0.5 mg/kg/inf IV, fixed-ratio 1 schedule, 2 h/session) over 20 sessions. On sessions 11, 14, 17, and 20, a tactile cue was present …

Mitochondrial Mrna And The Small Subunit Rrna In Budding Yeasts Undergo 3'-End Processing At Conserved Species-Specific Elements, Michael Anikin, Michael F Henry, Viktoria Hodorova, Hristo B Houbaviy, Jozef Nosek, Dimitri G Pestov, Dmitriy A Markov

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Respiration in eukaryotes depends on mitochondrial protein synthesis, which is performed by organelle-specific ribosomes translating organelle-encoded mRNAs. Although RNA maturation and stability are central events controlling mitochondrial gene expression, many of the molecular details in this pathway remain elusive. These include

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - January 22, 2025, Lindsay Hughes

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the Wednesday, January 22, 2025 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter -- Watercooler.

Contents include:

• Kasniya awarded grant to improve health outcomes
• Medical students present new research at gun violence prevention conference
• Hand surgeon Rodriquez-Feo joins orthopaedic surgery faculty
• Whiddon COM recognizes CME professionals

Impact Of Primary Care Benefits On Healthcare Utilisation And Estimated Out-Of-Pocket Expenses In Urban, Rural And Remote Settings In The Philippines, Janelle Micaela S. Panganiban, Romelei Camiling-Alfonso, Josephine T. Sanchez, Regine Ynez H. De Mesa, Gillian Sandigan, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Mia P. Rey, Johanna Faye E. Lopez, Noleen Marie Fabian, Cara Lois T. Galingana, Nannette Bernal-Sundiang, Maria Rhodora N. Aquino, Chad Lester Lastrilla, Miguel Callo, Carol Stephanie Chua Tan-Lim, Leonila F. Dans, Jose Rafael A. Marfori, Ramon Pedro Paterno, Antonio L. Dans

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background

This study aimed to determine the effects of primary care interventions on healthcare utilisation and estimated out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses in selected urban, rural and remote settings in the Philippines.

Methodology

Context-specific measures relating to expanding healthcare provider networks, augmenting the health human workforce and subsidising transportation costs were implemented to strengthen primary care systems. In this study, two key outcomes were monitored: (1) monthly healthcare utilisation measured by the total number of outpatient consultations per site and (2) change in OOP expenses from baseline to endline within a 1 year study period.

Results

All sites had a positive trend …

Neuromuscular Response To High-Velocity, Low-Amplitude Spinal Manipulation—An Overview, Murdi Alanazi, Brian Degenhardt Do, Gwyn Kelley-Franklin, James Cox Do, Laura Lipke, William Reed Do

Library Scholarship

The clinical use of spinal manipulation to treat musculoskeletal conditions has nearly tripled in the United States since 1980, and it is currently recommended by most global clinical guidelines as a conservative treatment for musculoskeletal pain, despite a lack of knowledge concerning its mechanisms of action. This overview highlights evidence of direct neuromuscular responses to high-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation (HVLA-SM) as delivered by chiropractic, osteopathic, and physical therapy clinicians, with an intent to foster greater interprofessional dialogue and collaborative research to better address current gaps in mechanistic knowledge of the neuromuscular response to HVLA-SM. Three databases (PubMed, CINAHL Ultimate (EBSCO), …

Forecasting The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Clinical Pharmacy Practice, Adrian Wong Pharmd, Mph, Fccp, Trenton Flanagan Pharmd, Elizabeth W. Covington Pharmd, Elaine Nguyen Pharmd, Mph, Mba, Dustin D Linn Pharmd, Mba, Gretchen Brummel Pharmd, Brian Hoffmaster Pharmd, Mba, Diana Issacs Pharmd, Fccp, Sandra L. Kane-Gill {Harmd, Msc, Fccp

Parkview Pharmacy Department

There is a need to understand contemporary scientific advances as clinical pharmacy evolves. One rapidly expanding area is artificial intelligence (AI), which has grown significantly over the past year because of the public availability of large language models. This commentary reviews published literature describing and evaluating applications of AI to each aspect of the medication use process and forecasts potential future roles for AI in pharmacy practice. Potential challenges in implementation are also described.

Collateral Rescue, Arterial Burden: Untreated Takayasu Arteritis And Its Long-Term Complications, Ikwinder Preet Kaur, Steven Morales-Rivera, Victoria Cuello, Gurjit S. Kaeley

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

The Benefit Of Green And Blue, Maddie Fitzgerald

D.U.Quark

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Efficiency In Laboratory Methods For Testing Sexual Assault Kits, Renee Mercer

D.U.Quark

Sexual assault kits (SAKs) are a collection of physical evidence from a sexual assault victim. SAK testing provides victims justice and helps prevent repeated crime through the addition of perpetrator DNA into criminal databases. With large numbers of SAKs being collected yearly, the limitations of common laboratory procedures and resources create a backlog of SAKs. For that reason, there is a need for more efficient testing. This review evaluates three different methods of testing throughout this process. Reverse Transcription Recombinase Polymerase Amplification and Proximity Ligation Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction confirms body fluid identification. The Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay reaction amplifies …

Multicenter Prospective Pilot Study Identifying Thrombomodulin As A Potential Biomarker For Neurocognitive Outcomes In Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Aaron B Boothby, Michael D Evans, Shangbin Yang, Senthil Sukumar, James G Scott, Deirdra R Terrell, Spero Cataland, Marshall Mazepa

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background/Objectives: Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare, chronically relapsing disorder that causes life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy. Many survivors in clinical remission show evidence of ongoing silent cerebral infarction and neurocognitive deficits. Prospective longitudinal studies of this population are needed to acquire a complete understanding of the mechanism behind this ongoing neurologic injury. We aimed to assess the feasibility of a multicenter prospective study of neuropsychological and cognitive function in iTTP survivors in remission and examine novel biomarkers.

Methods: We aimed to enroll 50 iTTP patients across three USTMA consortium sites between 2019 and 2022 in a 24-month …

Amplifying Women’S Voices In Menopause Research: The Importance Of Inclusive Perspectives, Camille Cronin, Sarah B. Donevant Phd, Rn, Ccrn, Kerri-Ann Hughes, Marja Kaunonen, Jette Marcussen, Rhonda Wilson

Faculty Publications

Menopause, a significant life transition for half the global population, intersects biological, cultural and social dimensions. Despite its universal occurrence, menopause research has historically been dominated by biomedical perspectives, often neglecting women's voices and diverse experiences. This article highlights the importance of including women's perspectives in menopause research to ensure relevance, accuracy and equity. It explores cultural variations in menopause experiences, the impact of socioeconomic status and the often-overlooked emotional and psychological dimensions. This article advocates for participatory approaches, emphasising that women's involvement enhances research design, implementation and policy development. Evidence-based interventions that are tailored to the individual can better …

Advances In Multiple Sclerosis, Victor M Rivera

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating and inflammatory disease of the CNS; it has a global distribution with increasing prevalence [...].

A Deconvolution Framework That Uses Single-Cell Sequencing Plus A Small Benchmark Data Set For Accurate Analysis Of Cell Type Ratios In Complex Tissue Samples, Shuai Guo, Xiaoqian Liu, Xuesen Cheng, Yujie Jiang, Shuangxi Ji, Qingnan Liang, Andrew Koval, Yumei Li, Leah A Owen, Ivana K Kim, Ana Aparicio, Sanghoon Lee, Anil K Sood, Scott Kopetz, John Paul Shen, John N Weinstein, Margaret M Deangelis, Rui Chen, Wenyi Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bulk deconvolution with single-cell/nucleus RNA-seq data is critical for understanding heterogeneity in complex biological samples, yet the technological discrepancy across sequencing platforms limits deconvolution accuracy. To address this, we utilize an experimental design to match inter-platform biological signals, hence revealing the technological discrepancy, and then develop a deconvolution framework called DeMixSC using this well-matched, that is, benchmark, data. Built upon a novel weighted nonnegative least-squares framework, DeMixSC identifies and adjusts genes with high technological discrepancy and aligns the benchmark data with large patient cohorts of matched-tissue-type for large-scale deconvolution. Our results using two benchmark data sets of healthy retinas and …

Optimized Methods To Quantify Tumor Treating Fields (Ttfields)-Induced Permeabilization Of Glioblastoma Cell Membranes, Melisa Martinez-Paniagua, Sabbir Khan, Nikita W Henning, Sri Vaishnavi Konagalla, Chirag B Patel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a lethal primary brain cancer with a 5.6% five-year survival rate. Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are alternating low-intensity electric fields that have demonstrated a GBM patient survival benefit. We previously reported that 0.5-24 h of TTFields exposure resulted in an increased uptake of FITC-dextran fluorescent probes (4-20 kDa) in human GBM cells. However, this approach, in which a fluorescence plate-based detector is used to evaluate cells attached to glass coverslips, cannot distinguish FITC-dextran uptake in live vs. dead cells. The goal of the study was to report the optimization and validation of two independent methods to quantify …

Stratification System With Dual Human Endogenous Retroviruses For Predicting Immunotherapy Efficacy In Metastatic Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, Xiaofan Lu, Yann-Alexandre Vano, Xiaoping Su, Virginie Verkarre, Cheng-Ming Sun, Wenxuan Cheng, Li Xu, Fangrong Yan, Salma Kotti, Wolf Hervé Fridman, Catherine Sautes-Fridman, Stéphane Oudard, Gabriel G Malouf

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Endogenous retrovirus (ERV) elements are genomic footprints of ancestral retroviral infections within the human genome. While the dysregulation of ERV transcription has been linked to immune cell infiltration in various cancers, its relationship with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in solid tumors, particularly metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), remains inadequately explored.

Methods: This study analyzed patients with metastatic ccRCC from two prospective clinical trials, encompassing 181 patients receiving nivolumab in the CheckMate trials (-009 to -010 and -025) and 48 patients treated with the ipilimumab-nivolumab combination in the BIONIKK trial. ERV expression was quantified using the ERVmap algorithm …

Dna Methylation Profiling At Base-Pair Resolution Reveals Unique Epigenetic Features Of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer In Underrepresented Populations, Jason Sheng Li, Karen Riggins, Li Yang, Chaorong Chen, Patricia Castro, Wedad Alfarkh, Neda Zarrin-Khameh, Michael E Scheurer, Chad J Creighton, Benjamin Musher, Wei Li, Lanlan Shen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has been rising at an alarming rate in the USA, and EOCRC disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minorities. Here, we construct comprehensive profiles of EOCRC DNA methylomes at base-pair resolution for a cohort of Hispanic and African American patients.

RESULTS: We show the epigenetic landscape of these EOCRC patients differs from that of late-onset colorectal cancer patients, and methylation canyons in EOCRC tumor tissue preferentially overlapped genes in cancer-related pathways. Furthermore, we identify epigenetic alterations in metabolic genes that are specific to our racial/ethnic minority EOCRC cohort but not Caucasian patients from TCGA. Top …

Ecological Trait Differences Are Associated With Gene Expression In The Primary Visual Cortex Of Primates, Trisha M Zintel, John J Ely, Mary Ann Raghanti, William D Hopkins, Patrick R Hof, Chet C Sherwood, Jason M Kamilar, Amy L Bauernfeind, Courtney C Babbitt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Primate species differ drastically from most other mammals in how they visually perceive their environments, which is particularly important for foraging, predator avoidance, and detection of social cues.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although it is well established that primates display diversity in color vision and various ecological specializations, it is not understood how visual system characteristics and ecological adaptations may be associated with gene expression levels within the primary visual cortex (V1).

METHODS: We performed RNA-Seq on V1 tissue samples from 28 individuals, representing 13 species of primates, including hominoids, cercopithecoids, and platyrrhines. We explored trait-dependent differential expression (DE) by contrasting species …

Common And Specific Gene Regulatory Programs In Zebrafish Caudal Fin Regeneration At Single-Cell Resolution, Yujie Chen, Yiran Hou, Qinglin Zeng, Irene Wang, Meiru Shang, Kwangdeok Shin, Christopher Hemauer, Xiaoyun Xing, Junsu Kang, Guoyan Zhao, Ting Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Following amputation, zebrafish regenerate their injured caudal fin through lineage-restricted reprogramming. Although previous studies have charted various genetic and epigenetic dimensions of this process, the intricate gene regulatory programs shared by, or unique to, different regenerating cell types remain underinvestigated. Here, we mapped the regulatory landscape of fin regeneration by applying paired snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq on uninjured and regenerating fins. This map delineates the regulatory dynamics of predominant cell populations at multiple stages of regeneration. We observe a marked increase in the accessibility of chromatin regions associated with regenerative and developmental processes at 1 dpa, followed by a gradual closure …

2025 January 21 - Medical Student Education Committee Minutes, Medical Student Education Committee, East Tennessee State University

Medical Student Education Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

Perspectives On Usability And Adoption Of A New Acl Injury Prevention Programme For Female Handball Players: A Mixed Methods Approach, Anne Inger Mørtvedt, Tron Krosshaug, Erich Petushek

Michigan Tech Publications

Effective injury prevention programmes (IPPs) hold promise for mitigating ACL injuries in female handball players, yet adherence remains a challenge. This mixed methods study explores the relationship between programme usability characteristics and the potential effectiveness of a newly developed ACL IPP through survey and interview data from 23 female handball players aged 15-18 and their four coaches. Players' knee abduction moment (KAM) was measured during a cutting task and used to measure potential effectiveness. Findings reveal significant correlations between reductions in KAM and players' perceived effectiveness of the programme in reducing ACL injury risk and their intention to use it …

Reliability And Validity Of Trunk Flexion-Extension Angular Velocity Measurement In Healthy Young Adults Using Ai-Enhanced Motion Capture, Joga Katayama, Kai Tennan, Sakino Harada, Aoi Hirata, Hayato Shigetoh, Junya Miyazaki

Asian Journal of Physical Therapy

Background: Openpose is a motion capture system that uses artificial intelligence. This study aimed to verify the reliability and validity of motion angular velocity using Openpose in trunk flexion-extension movements (TFEM) and compare Openpose with methods that use accelerometers and marker measurements. Methods: Fifty healthy young participants were included in the study. The TFEM tasks were performed. Motion analyses were performed using accelerometers, markers, and the Openpose software. To examine the reliability and validity of the angular velocity of motion, we calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) (1,1) and ICC (1,3) for each maximum flexion and extension angular velocity. …

Case Report On Endocrine Induced Paralysis - " Unraveling The Impact Of Thyrotoxicosis On Potassium Homeostasis.", Srujith Pullipudi, Basava Chethan, Srinath K. M, Savitha Vijayakumar, Meghna B.S.

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare complication of hyperthyroidism, marked by episodes of muscle weakness and hypokalaemia. Although it predominantly affects young Asian men, it can also occur in females and individuals from non-Asian ethnic groups. TPP is a treatable form of hypokalaemic periodic paralysis and can often be the first indication of thyrotoxicosis. Triggers such as a high-carbohydrate diet, strenuous exercise, emotional stress, and steroid use can provoke TPP attacks. During an acute episode, the key diagnostic indicators are hypokalaemia along with elevated levels of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Treatment consists of two phases: promptly correcting hypokalaemia …