Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Breaking Down The Choice: Exploring The Journey Of Decisions, Alex Kim

CAFE Symposium 2025

This project explores the decision-making process by examining how various regions of the brain contribute to choices and their outcomes. By analyzing the interplay between cognitive and emotional factors, it aims to provide insights into how individuals can make decisions that align with their goals and values, reducing regret and enhancing overall happiness. The findings offer practical strategies for improving personal and professional decision-making.

How The Common Cold Impacts Learning, Catherine Mastroly

CAFE Symposium 2025

When someone gets the common cold, their ability to learn declines. As we know, symptoms such as coughing, congestion, and tiredness are present. However, many people may not know the extent of the effects of having a cold. In this paper, we look at how brain inflammation causes cognitive decline. Taking the functions of the brain while learning happens and linking it to the impact of immune response to the common cold in the brain, we are able to understand why and to what extent learning is impaired. As a college student, having this information is important in order to …

Describing The Intersection Of Ethnicity And Gender In Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Hamza Rshaidat, Isheeta Madeka, Gregory L. Whitehorn, Jonathan Martin, Shale J. Mack, Sneha Alaparthi, Tyler R. Grenda, Nathaniel R. Evans Iii, Olugbenga T. Okusanya

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

Objective

Methods

Evaluation Of Platelet Rich Fibrin With Biodentine In Direct Pulp Therapy Of Permanent Teeth - An In-Vivo Study, Rhea M Dr, Shruthi Nagaraja Dr

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Concnetrated Growth Factor On The Rate Of Orthodontic Tooth Movement In Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Therapy: An In-Vivo Study, Bhavana Balamurugan, Saravanakumar S, Prema Anbarasu, Dharani S

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Effect On Cardiovascular Outcome Of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 (Sglt2) Inhibitors Among Cancer Patients Treated With Anthracycline: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Chalothorn Wannaphut, Phuuwadith Wattanachayakul, Sakditad Saowapa, Ben Ponvilawan, Manasawee Tanariyakul, Jakrin Kewcharoen, Pitchaporn Yingchoncharoen, Thanathip Suenghataiphorn, Noppawit Aiumtrakul, Jared Acoba

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Background/objectives: Sodium-glucose-co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have shown benefit in reducing cardiovascular disease outcomes in diabetes patients. Anthracycline therapy is associated with a risk of cardiomyopathy. However, the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors in the prevention of cardiomyopathy and heart failure in cancer patients undergoing anthracycline treatment remains unclear. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effect of the prevention of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with cancer and diabetes who had received anthracycline therapy.

Methods: We systematically reviewed Medline and EMBASE databases from inception to January 2024 for studies focusing on cancer patients with a history of anthracycline therapy. …

Optimizing Elderly Care: A Data-Driven Ai Model For Predicting Polypharmacy Risk In The Elderly Using Share Data., Eman Ramadan

Pharmacy

Background: Aging is frequently accompanied by multimorbidity, the presence of multiple chronic conditions, which contributes to declines in both cognitive and physical function and presents complex health challenges. One such challenge is Polypharmacy (PP), defined as the concurrent use of more than five medications. Methods: We used data from participants older than 50 years who were present in wave 6 and at least one of the subsequent three waves of the SHARE study, aiming to predict PP risk at 2, 4, and 6-year intervals. We selected the predictor variables using LASSO regression and evaluated eight ML models using a rigorous …

Novel Biomarkers Of Fetal And Neonatal Environmental Exposure, Effect And Susceptibility, Cynthia F. Bearer

Faculty Scholarship

Abstract: Rapid advancements in science and technology have allowed medical providers to treat wider ranges of diseases with safer and more effective therapies than ever before. One of the areas of health that has been consistently understudied, however, is one that affects us all: environmental health or the effects that the chemicals we are exposed to every day have on our acute and chronic health. This effect can be exacerbated during and shortly after pregnancy, as an individual exposure is often shared by both the mother and the fetus/neonate. The diagnosis and monitoring of chemical exposure can be quite challenging, …

Executive Summary: Clinical Practice Guideline Primary Care Management Of Overweight/Obesity In Adult Women, Getrude Tate Nguatem

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This Doctor of Nursing Practice project was a clinical practice guideline project focused on overweight and obesity management of adult women in primary care. The practice problem identified was the lack of an evidence-based clinical practice guideline to manage overweight/obesity in adult women. It was important to address this problem because overweight and obesity were significant health concerns at this clinical site in the United States and the world. The practice-focused question was the following: “Does the evidence support the development and Appraisal of Guideline for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument quality scoring of a clinical practice guideline on …

Staff Education To Improve Phq-9 Depression Screening In Primary Care, Adella Kweyila

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The staff education project aimed to address the gap in practice regarding the use of the PHQ-9 depression screening tool in a primary care setting. The providers at the setting demonstrated variations in screening practices leading to potential missed opportunities for early depression identification and treatment. This Doctor of Nursing Practice project explored the question: “What is the effect of implementing a staff education program to improve staff knowledge to effectively implement changes that affect the use of the PHQ-9 screening tool to improve depression identification and treatment of adult patients in a primary care clinic?” This project aimed to …

Staff Education: Antihypertensive Medication Adherence In The Primary Care Clinic, Shannon Leigh Hilling

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

I completed a staff education project in a primary care clinic focused on increasing staff knowledge of antihypertensive medication adherence. More than 1 in 3 adults in West Virginia (or 41% of the adult population in the state) has hypertension, which is equal to about 602,000 adults. The project question was developed to investigate the extent to which education on hypertensive medications will enhance staff knowledge and their ability to educate patients in the primary care clinic. The staff education project was implemented via PowerPoint, pre-/post education testing, and measurements using an online percentage gain calculator. Findings revealed an overall …

Designing Patient-Centered Interventions For Emergency Care: Participatory Design Study, Woosuk Seo, Shruti Jain, Vivian Le, Jiaqi Li, Zhan Zhang, Hardeep Singh, Kalyan Pasupathy, Prashant Mahajan, Sun Young Park

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Emergency departments (EDs) are high-pressure environments where clinicians diagnose patients under significant constraints, including limited medical histories, severe time pressures, and frequent interruptions. Current ED care practices often inadequately support meaningful patient participation. Most interventions prioritize clinical workflow and health care provider communication, inadvertently overlooking patients' needs. Additionally, patient-facing technologies in EDs are typically developed without meaningful patient input, leading to solutions that may not effectively address patients' specific challenges. To enhance both patient-centered care practices and the diagnosis process in EDs, patient involvement in technology design is essential to ensure their needs during emergency care are understood and …

Evaluation Of Platelet Rich Fibrin With Biodentine In Direct Pulp Therapy Of Permanent Teeth - An In-Vivo Study, Rhea M, Shruthi Nagaraja

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Evidence Of Poor Oral Health For Individuals With Cardiovascular Disease, Maya Dagher, Ryan Moffat

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

The Mir-290 And Mir-302 Clusters Are Essential For Reprogramming Of Fibroblasts To Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Julia Ye, Ryan M Boileau, Ronald J Parchem, Robert L Judson-Torres, Robert Blelloch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The miR-290 and miR-302 clusters of microRNAs are highly expressed in naïve and primed pluripotent stem cells, respectively. Ectopic expression of the embryonic stem cell (ESC)-specific cell cycle regulating family of microRNAs arising from these two clusters dramatically enhances the reprogramming of both mouse and human somatic cells to induced pluripotency. Here, we used genetic knockouts to dissect the requirement for the miR-290 and miR-302 clusters during the reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with retrovirally introduced Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4. Knockout of either cluster alone did not negatively impact the efficiency of reprogramming. Resulting cells …

Contribution Of Rare Chromosome 22q112 Copy Number Variants To Non-Syndromic Bicuspid Aortic Valve, Helene Digregorio, Sara Mansoorshahi, Steven G Carlisle, Catherina Tovar Pensa, Abi Watts, Courtney Mcneely, Anna Sabate-Rotes, Anji Yetman, Hector I Michelena, Julie F A De Backer, Laura Muiño Mosquera, Malenka M Bissell, Maria Grazia Andreassi, Ilenia Foffa, Dawn S Hui, Anthony Caffarelli, Yuli Y Kim, Rodolfo Citro, Margot De Marco, Justin T Tretter, Kim L Mcbride, Simon C Body, Dianna M Milewicz, Siddharth K Prakash, Ebav Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect in adults, often leading to complications such as thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic stenosis. While BAV is frequently associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), the contribution of rare copy number variants (CNVs) in this region to non-syndromic BAV is less clear. This study is aimed to assess the role of rare 22q11.2 CNVs in patients with early-onset BAV (EBAV) and to determine whether these variants are linked to an increased risk of complications.

Methods: Whole genome microarray genotyping was conducted on 272 patients with BAV with early onset …

Efficacy And Safety Of Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab In Patients With Metastatic Variant Histology (Non-Clear Cell) Renal Cell Carcinoma, Mohammad Jad Moussa, Jaanki Khandelwal, Nathaniel R Wilson, Kiran L Malikayil, Devaki Shilpa Surasi, Tharakeswara K Bathala, Yiyun Lin, Priya Rao, Pheroze Tamboli, Kanishka Sircar, Helen Ajufo, Khaled M Elsayes, Amishi Shah, Andrew C Johns, Sangeeta Goswami, Elshad Hasanov, Eric Jonasch, Pavlos Msaouel, Matthew T Campbell, Omar Alhalabi, Nizar M Tannir

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (nivo/ipi) is a standard of care first-line (1 L) therapy for patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but its role in patients with metastatic, non-ccRCC has not been fully defined. We report a single-institution experience with nivo/ipi in non-ccRCC.

Methods: Between November 2017 and February 2024, 55 patients with metastatic non-ccRCC received nivo/ipi at MD Anderson Cancer Center. The tumor response was assessed by blinded radiologists using RECIST v1.1. The overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), PFS milestone, duration of response (DoR), and overall survival (OS) were determined. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed …

Fiber- And Acetate-Mediated Modulation Of Mhc-Ii Expression On Intestinal Epithelium Protects From Clostridioides Difficile Infection, José L Fachi, Tihana Trsan, Silvia Penati, Susan Gilfillan, Siyan Cao, Krzysztof L Hyrc, Xiuli Liu, Patrick Fernandes Rodrigues, Bishan Bhattarai, Marco Colonna, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Here, we explore the relationship between dietary fibers, colonic epithelium major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) expression, and immune cell interactions in regulating susceptibility to Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). We find that a low-fiber diet increases MHC-II expression in the colonic epithelium, which, in turn, worsens CDI by promoting the development of pathogenic CD4

Assessment Of Environmental, Sociocultural, And Physiological Influences On Women's Toileting Decisions And Behaviors Using "Where I Go": Pilot Study Of A Mobile App, Abigail R Smith, Elizabeth R Mueller, Cora E Lewis, Alayne Markland, Caroline Smerdon, Ariana L Smith, Siobhan Sutcliffe, Jean F Wyman, Lisa Kane Low, Janis M Miller

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Little is known about women's decisions around toileting for urination and how those decisions influence moment-to-moment behaviors to manage bladder needs. The new smartphone app "Where I Go" captures such nuanced and granular data in real-world environments.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe participant engagement with "Where I Go", variation in novel parameters collected, and readiness for the data collection tool's use in population-based studies.

METHODS: "Where I Go" has three components: (1) real-time data, (2) short look-back periods (3-4 h), and (3) event location (GPS recorded at each interaction). The sample size was 44 women. Recording of real-time …

Dna Immunotherapy For Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (Rrp): Phase 1/2 Study Assessing Efficacy, Safety, And Immunogenicity Of Ino-3107, Matthew P Morrow, Randal C Paniello, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a chronic airway disease caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV). INO-3107, DNA immunotherapy designed to elicit T-cells against HPV-6 and HPV-11, was evaluated in a 52-week Phase 1/2 study for efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity (NCT04398433). Thirty-two eligible adults with HPV-6 and/or HPV-11 RRP, requiring ≥2 surgical interventions in the year preceding dosing were enrolled between October 2020 and November 2021 and administered 4 INO-3107 doses by intramuscular injection followed by electroporation. The primary endpoint was safety and tolerability, as assessed by treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Secondary endpoints included surgical intervention frequency and change in RRP Severity …

Phgdh Inhibition And Foxo3 Modulation Drives Puma-Dependent Apoptosis In Osteosarcoma, Toshinao Oyama, Caitlyn B Brashears, Richa Rathore, Heather Benect-Hamilton, Katharine E Caldwell, Naomi Dirckx, William G Hawkins, Brian A Van Tine

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Osteosarcoma is a bone cancer that has been found to be metabolically dependent on the conversion of glucose to serine through the rate-limiting enzyme 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH). The upregulation of PHGDH has been correlated with poor patient survival, and the inhibition of the serine synthesis pathway using targeted small-molecule inhibition of PHGDH induces a rapid metabolic adaptation that prevents cell death due to pro-survival signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. Here, PHGDH inhibition in combination with mTORC1 signaling modulation for the treatment of osteosarcoma was evaluated. When combined with PHGDH inhibition, several non-rapalog inhibitors of …

Handshake Antimicrobial Stewardship For Adult Surgical Patients, Abby Kosharek, Elizabeth Neuner, Emily Welch, Spenser January, Alice Bewley, Kevin Hsueh, Sena Sayood

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effects of handshake stewardship on adult general surgical units.

DESIGN: Retrospective quasi-experimental pre- and post-intervention study.

SETTING: A total of 1,278 bed academic medical center with a level 1 trauma center in St. Louis, Missouri.

PATIENTS: Adults admitted to general surgery units.

INTERVENTION: Once weekly handshake antimicrobial stewardship rounds were initiated in January 2022 on adult general surgery units. The handshake stewardship team consisted of an infectious diseases (ID) physician and pharmacist who reviewed charts of patients receiving systemic antimicrobials without a formal ID consult. Antimicrobial recommendations were delivered in person to general surgery teams including trauma, …

Xeroderma Pigmentosum: A Review Of Non-Classical Symptoms, Parker Feltner, Noah Schultz, Noah Boekweg, Sameen Kazmi, Jasmeen Sran, Daniel Ramirez, Maycie Mcbride, Mason Chase, Lindsey Humphrey

Annual Research Symposium

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a rare and enigmatic condition, has recently emerged as a focal point in the intersection of dermatology and nucleotide excision repair. Historically, physicians have been primarily concerned the dermatological aspects of classical XP. However, there remains an opaque awareness of the remaining manifestations as they relate to the clinical setting, as well as diagnosis and treatment. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding the interplay between XP and the symptoms that require further investigation. To that end, we reviewed several studies and evaluated the action key manifestations of XP, aside from dermatological …

Anxiety Reduction In Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Novel Deep-Pressure Cutaneous Stimulation Therapy, Aaron Andrews, Jordyn Huecker, Kennedy Madrid, Lorissa Thorpe, James Fini, Josilyn Zamora, Victoria Oyeniyi, Maura Hart, Amanda Page, James Barber, Chase Taylor, Halah Khan, Spencer Willardson, Kyle Bills Phd, Christina Small

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

A Literary Review Of Physician Approach To Patient Care: Implications In Cancer Care, Daniel Ramirez, Kinsley Batson

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Comparative Evaluation Of Post Treatment Stability During Orthodontic Retention Using Lingual Bonded Retainers Versus Lingual Bonded Retainers Coupled With Thermoformed Retainers – A Randomized Controlled Trial, Meenakshi Jawaharlal, Saravanakumar S, Dharani S

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

A Nano-Ct Investigation Of Preheated Resin Composites: Effects On Voids, Adaptation, And Polymerization Shrinkage, Venkata Suresh Venkataiah, Rajaram Sundaravarathan, Deepak Mehta, Meena Naganath

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Cucumis Melo. L- An Oral Wellness Oasis For The Prevention And Remineralisation Of White Spot Lesions, Gokilla Priya Murugan, Prema Anbarasu, Saravanakumar S, Balaji R

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Vialinin A Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cytotoxicity Of Human Dermal Fibroblasts, Hou Yuan Huang, Charles Fleischmann, Kota Ramana

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Clinical Effectiveness Of Biodentine In Adult Pulpotomy Procedures: A Systematic Review, Aditya Deshpande, Shilpa Bhandi, Shankargouda Patil, Frank W. Licari

Annual Research Symposium

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the evidence from randomised clinical trials for the effectiveness of pulpotomy using Biodentine in adult humans, focusing on clinical outcomes of pain after the procedure and radiographic evaluations.