Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Assessment Of Relationships Between Quality And Staffing In The Ambulatory Care Environment, Rachel E. Start

Dissertations

ABSTRACT Background The United States healthcare system underperforms compared to other industrialized countries where cost and quality are concerned. Nursing is accountable, as a profession recognized by society, to ensure health and livelihood in the patients and populations served. Advancing the role of the ambulatory care nurse and providing valid strategies to measure the contribution of the nursing profession in this setting is a tactic that many organizations are pursuing to achieve this paradigm shift. The assessment of relationships between measures of structure, process, and outcome within the ambulatory care setting across a variety of organizations may have the potential …

Parallel Use Of Low-Complexity Automated Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests On Respiratory And Stool Samples With Or Without Lateral Flow Lipoarabinomannan Assays To Detect Pulmonary Tuberculosis Disease In Children, Laura Olbrich, Bada Yang, Hayley Poore, Alia Razid, Brittney Sweetser, Mathias Weis Damkjær, Alexander W Kay, Johanna Åhsberg, Ruvandhi R Nathavitharana, Ian Schiller, Nandini Dendukuri, Andreas Lundh, Maunank Shah, Stephanie Bjerrum, Devan Jaganath

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Low-complexity automated nucleic acid amplification tests (LC-aNAATs) are molecular assays widely used to diagnose tuberculosis disease in children. The lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay (LF-LAM) is recommended for use amongst children with HIV. Previous systematic reviews have assessed the diagnostic accuracy of LC-aNAATs and LF-LAM separately in children, but in clinical practice the tests may be used concurrently, i.e. in 'parallel'.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the parallel use of LC-aNAAT on respiratory and stool specimens in children, and with LF-LAM on urine amongst children with HIV, versus each assay alone for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis disease.

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Identification Of A Fusobacterial Rna-Binding Protein Involved In Host Small Rna-Mediated Growth Inhibition, Pu-Ting Dong, Mengdi Yang, Jie Hu, Lujia Cen, Peng Zhou, Difei Xu, Peng Xiong, Jiahe Li, Xuesong He

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Host-derived small RNAs are emerging as critical regulators in the dynamic interactions between host tissues and the microbiome, with implications for microbial pathogenesis and host defense. Among these, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) have garnered attention for their roles in modulating microbial behavior. However, the bacterial factors mediating tsRNA interaction and functionality remain poorly understood. In this study, using RNA affinity pull-down assay in combination with mass spectrometry, we identified a putative membrane-bound protein, annotated as P-type ATPase transporter (PtaT) in Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), which binds Fn-targeting tsRNAs in a sequence-specific manner. Through targeted mutagenesis and phenotypic characterization, we showed …

Citrullinated Eno1 Vaccine Enhances Pd-1 Blockade In Mice Implanted With Murine Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells, Ricardo A León-Letelier, Alejandro M Sevillano-Mantas, Yihui Chen, Soyoung Park, Jody Vykoukal, Johannes F Fahrmann, Edwin J Ostrin, Candace Garrett, Rongzhang Dou, Yining Cai, Fu-Chung Hsiao, Jennifer B Dennison, Eduardo Vilar, Banu K Arun, Samir Hanash, Hiroyuki Katayama

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/Objectives:Cancer vaccine targets mostly include mutations and overexpressed proteins. However, cancer-associated post-translational modifications (PTMs) may also induce immune responses. Previously, our group established the enzyme protein arginine deiminase type-2 (PADI2), which catalyzes citrullination modification, is highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), promoting antigenicity.

Methods: Here, we show the workflow of designing citrullinated enolase 1 (citENO1) vaccine peptides identified from breast cancer cells by mass spectrometry and demonstrate TNBC vaccine efficacy in the mouse model. Immunized mice with citENO1 peptides or the corresponding unmodified peptides, plus Poly I:C as an adjuvant, were orthotopically implanted with a TNBC murine …

Inactivation Of The Fusobacterium Nucleatum Rnf Complex Reduces Fada-Mediated Amyloid Formation And Tumor Development, Timmie A Britton, Ju Huck Lee, Chungyu Chang, Aadil H Bhat, Yi-Wei Chen, Rusul Mohammed Ali, Chenggang Wu, Asis Das, Hung Ton-That

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Gram-negative anaerobe Fusobacterium nucleatum is an oral oncobacterium that promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) development with the amyloid-forming cell surface adhesin FadA integral to CRC tumorigenesis. We describe here molecular genetic studies uncovering a novel mode of metabolic regulation of FadA-mediated tumor formation by a highly conserved respiratory enzyme known as the Rnf complex. First, we show that genetic disruption of Rnf, via rnfC deletion, significantly reduces the level of fadA transcript, accompanied by a near-complete abolishment of the precursor form of FadA (pFadA), reduced assembly of FadA at the mature cell pole, and severe defects in the osmotic stress-induced …

Proteomic-Based Stemness Score Measures Oncogenic Dedifferentiation And Enables The Identification Of Druggable Targets, Iga Kołodziejczak-Guglas, Renan L S Simões, Emerson De Souza Santos, Elizabeth G Demicco, Rossana N Lazcano Segura, Weiping Ma, Pei Wang, Yifat Geffen, Erik Storrs, Francesca Petralia, Antonio Colaprico, Felipe Da Veiga Leprevost, Pietro Pugliese, Michele Ceccarelli, Houtan Noushmehr, Alexey I Nesvizhskii, Bożena Kamińska, Waldemar Priebe, Jan Lubiński, Bing Zhang, Alexander J Lazar, Paweł Kurzawa, Mehdi Mesri, Ana I Robles, Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium, Li Ding, Tathiane M Malta, Maciej Wiznerowicz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cancer progression and therapeutic resistance are closely linked to a stemness phenotype. Here, we introduce a protein-expression-based stemness index (PROTsi) to evaluate oncogenic dedifferentiation in relation to histopathology, molecular features, and clinical outcomes. Utilizing datasets from the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium across 11 tumor types, we validate PROTsi's effectiveness in accurately quantifying stem-like features. Through integration of PROTsi with multi-omics, including protein post-translational modifications, we identify molecular features associated with stemness and proteins that act as active nodes within transcriptional networks, driving tumor aggressiveness. Proteins highly correlated with stemness were identified as potential drug targets, both shared and tumor …

Plug And Coil Procedure For Management Of Large Postinfarct Ventricular Septal Defect, Hussam Al Hennawi, Sergio Flores, Michael Little, Lacy Harville, Ahmad Almomani, Muhammad Hammadah

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Acute surgical mortality for postinfarction ventricular septal rupture remains alarmingly high at approximately 50%. In comparison, medical mortality is nearly 100% and likely exceeds historical levels because of the declining frequency of these acute surgeries, with many surgeons now performing fewer than 1 or 2 annually. Percutaneous device closure has become a feasible option for managing postinfarction ventricular septal defects in carefully selected patients. However, this technique may be associated with challenges such as significant residual shunting, delayed endothelialization, hemolysis, and extended hospital stays. Here, we present a novel approach using coil packing to enhance closure and reduce shunting.

Mapping Vascular Network Architecture In Primate Brain Using Ferumoxytol-Weighted Laminar Mri, Joonas A Autio, Ikko Kimura, Takayuki Ose, Yuki Matsumoto, Masahiro Ohno, Yuta Urushibata, Takuro Ikeda, Matthew F Glasser, David C Van Essen, Takuya Hayashi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mapping the vascular organization of the brain is of great importance across various domains of basic neuroimaging research, diagnostic radiology, and neurology. However, the intricate task of precisely mapping vasculature across brain regions and cortical layers presents formidable challenges, resulting in a limited understanding of neurometabolic factors influencing the brain's microvasculature. Addressing this gap, our study investigates whole-brain vascular volume using ferumoxytol-weighted laminar-resolution multi-echo gradient-echo imaging in macaque monkeys. We validate the results with published data for vascular densities and compare them with cytoarchitecture, neuron and synaptic densities. The ferumoxytol-induced change in transverse relaxation rate (ΔR

Role Of Glucuronoxylomannan And Steryl Glucosides In Protecting Against Cryptococcosis, Gabriel Soares Matos, Tamara L Doering, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The development of vaccines for fungal diseases, including cryptococcosis, is an emergent line of research and development. In previous studies, we showed that a

Effect Of Post-Operative Clothing, Bandage, And Collar Application On Stress After Ovariohysterectomy In Cats, Çağatay Esin, Seba Raouf, Gülşah Saral, Büşra Uzun

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Ovariohysterectomy is a common surgical procedure in veterinary medicine, not only for reproductive control but also for conditions like pyometra, metritis, mammary tumors, and other reproductive disorders. Pain in cats occurs as a response of the body and is accompanied by various physiological and behavioral changes. Pain in cats, though prevalent, is often under-recognized and inadequately treated. The Glasgow pain scale is a psychometrically designed tool for assessing acute pain in veterinary patients. Serotonin (5-HT), a biogenic monoamine derived from tryptophan, functions as a mood-regulating neurotransmitter and may decrease following surgical interventions. This study aimed to evaluate post-operative pain and …

Evaluating The Use Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation In A Patient With Treatment Resistant Depression, Autism Spectrum Disorder, And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Report, Luke Fritsch Ba, Mba, Msiv, Oluwafunke O. Ogunremi Bs, Msiv, Alexandra R. Job Bs, Msiv, James Hellekson Md

Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)

Despite a wide array of therapeutic modalities, many patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) experience no significant improvement in symptoms with traditional treatment. Given the prevalence of Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD), other alternative therapeutic modalities for MDD are being researched. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is one modality that continues to show successful therapeutic outcomes for those with TRD. The aim of this study is to highlight a case of rTMS being used on a patient with TRD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance use.

Methods:

Our patient is a 53-year-old female who first presented to …

Why Acromegaly Dies: A Systematic Review, Isam Noori Salman, Safaa Ehssan Atta, Baydaa Ahmed Abed, Noor Ulhuda G. Mohammed

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Acromegaly is a rare endocrine clinical syndrome characterized by long-term elevated production of growth hormone (GH) due to a pituitary adenoma tumor. The main problem of acromegaly patients (AC-PTs) is prolonged elevated GH concentration, which leads to increased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) production, causing the characteristic tissue and bone overgrowth. The appearance of diabetes in AC-PTs was linked with the high risks of cardiovascular morbidity, indicating that individuals with both conditions face heightened health challenges. Acromegaly typically has a higher cancer incidence rather than the general population. Without early diagnosis and effective treatment, excess GH can have widespread systemic …

Comparison Of Two Injection Techniques On Pain Perception Among Adult Patients Receiving Intramuscular Injection: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Dr.Sindhu L, Dr. Bindu R. Nayar, Dr. Rajamohanan Pillai K

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: The administration of intramuscular injection is a common procedure performed by nurses that causes pain to the patient. The way nurses administer injections is one of the factors associated with increased client discomfort. Aspiration has been ingrained in the intramuscular injection procedure, and even though many policies no longer endorse it, it is often frequently taught and used. Injections without aspiration are considered more comfortable for patients. Aspiration in the injection is a controversy concerning its perceived benefits and indications due to a paucity of available data, there is no evidence that this procedure is essential or truly …

Food Environments And Mental Health: Analyzing The Impact Of Fast-Food Availability On U.S. Adults (2011-2016), Nicole Tenner

NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the relationship between the availability of fast food in US territories and mental health outcomes. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, the study examines data from the 2011 and 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from the CDC, along with data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Environment Atlas. The analysis included a nationally representative sample of 351,823 participants across all 50 US states. Multiple regression models examined the association between fast food availability and two primary mental health outcomes: the number of self-reported poor mental health days and the likelihood of being diagnosed with a depressive …

Measuring What Matters To Patients: A Multiple Methods Sequential Study Of Disease Burden, Quality Of Life, And The Alignment Of Patient-Reported Outcome Measurements For High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome And Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Patients, Anthony J. Messina

Doctor of Philosophy in Translational Health Sciences Dissertations

Background

High-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are aggressive hematologic malignancies with poor prognoses, where extending survival often comes at the cost of substantial morbidity. This study was grounded in the quality of survival (QoS) framework, which emphasizes that treatment outcomes should balance longevity with the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) experienced during the period of survival. In this context, patient-reported outcomes are crucial to capturing what truly matters to patients. However, existing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used in MDS/AML clinical trials may not fully reflect patient priorities. A complementary Wilson–Cleary model perspective, linking biological factors to …

Source-Specific Nitrate And Nitrite Intake And Association With Colorectal Cancer In The Danish Diet, Cancer And Health Cohort, Dorit W. Erichsen, Nicola P. Bondonno, Pratik R. Pokharel, Susanne M. Rosthoj, Catherine P. Bondonno, Liezhou M. Zhong, Jorg Schullehner, Torben L. Sigsgaard, Peter Fjeldstad Hendriksen, Frederik Dalgaard, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Christina C. Dahm, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjonneland, Cecilie Kyro

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Nitrate and nitrite, present in food and drinking water, may contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC) through the formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds (NOCs). This study examined source-specific associations with CRC and subtypes, considering potential dietary and lifestyle factors that influence NOC formation. Methods: In the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Cohort (N=54,610), nitrate/nitrite intake was estimated from comprehensive databases and national monitoring data. Over 27 years, 2245 CRC cases (1508 colon and 737 rectal) were identified via the Danish Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for sociodemographic, diet, and lifestyle factors were used to examine associations, with stratified …

A Challenging Case Of Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency Complicated By Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Christopher Pope, Farah Ashraf, Jacqueline White, Akhilesh Sivakumar, Eric Behling, Tulin Budak-Alpdogan

Cooper Rowan Medical Journal

Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) is an autosomal recessive disorder and the most common cause of chronic hemolytic anemia secondary to red blood cell (RBC) enzyme defects. Treatment is mainly supportive including splenectomy and transfusions. Mitapivat, an oral allosteric activator of defective pyruvate kinase, was approved by the FDA in February 2022 for treatment of adults with PKD. However, because Mitapivat undergoes liver metabolism, patients must have stable liver profiles prior to initiation of therapy. We present a case of PKD complicated by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). We initiated steroid therapy for his HLH with the intent to subsequently start Mitapivat. We …

Insights Into The Floral Senescence Effects Of Nanoparticles, Vuk Uskoković

Administration and Staff Articles and Research

Flowers could be valuable addenda to nanomedicine labs as in vivo models crossing the gap between the cell culture and small mammals. However, as it is shown here, floral models continue to be predominantly utilized within resource-limited research environments and remain largely underrepresented in mainstream biomedical investigations conducted by well-funded institutions in the developed world. The ability to delay the senescence of Orange Jubilee wildflowers was tested here on three types of nanoparticles: selenite-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp), citrate-stabilized HAp, and superparamagnetic iron oxide. Integration of selenite into the HAp crystal lattice produced a mild increase in the senescence rate …

Histotripsy: A Novel Non-Invasive Ultrasound Technology For Precision Thrombolysis In Acute Ischemic Stroke Management, Ameer E. Hassan, Thomas Dreyer, Yousef Khalili

School of Medicine Publications

BackgroundStroke remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional treatments for ischemic stroke such as mechanical thrombectomy and pharmacological thrombolysis are often less effective or inaccessible for certain patient populations, particularly those with delayed hospital arrival, contraindications to thrombolytics, or in regions with limited access to endovascular care. This study investigates the feasibility of using histotripsy, a non-invasive ultrasound technology, to precisely liquefy thrombi in an artificial experimental setup.MethodsClot analogs were introduced into sample tubes, and focused ultrasound was applied using optimized parameters, including pulses per burst, repetition rates, and output amplitudes. These parameters were systematically adjusted to …

One Health Integration To Control And Prevent Zoonoses: Application Of Organizational Theory Literature, Lisset M. Dumet Poma, Sherril Gelmon, Julia M. Goodman, Seth E. O’Neal

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

Zoonoses are infectious diseases transmitted between animals and people that disproportionately affect low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The One Health (OH) approach aims to integrate systems, incentivizing collaboration among animal, human, and environmental systems to address zoonoses and improve health. Innovative solutions for effectively and sustainably achieving systems integration are needed. Organizational theories can facilitate the study of the context of OH implementation, applying comprehensive approaches that recognize the interconnections among organisms, the environment, and social systems, including the diverse entities needing integration (e.g., policy, community, public organizations). This narrative review examines organization and systems literature to provide recommendations for …

Olfaction And Plasma Biomarkers Of Alzheimer Disease And Neurodegeneration In The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, Srishti Shrestha, Xiaoqian Zhu, Michael E Griswold, Priya Palta, Kevin J Sullivan, Honglei Chen, Andrea Lauren Christman Schneider, Abhay Moghekar, Megan L Grove, Bharat Thyagarajan, James Russell Pike, Rebecca F Gottesman, B Gwen Windham, Thomas H Mosley, Jennifer A Deal, Vidyulata Kamath

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and objectives: Investigation of olfactory impairment, an early manifestation of Alzheimer disease (AD), in relation to plasma biomarkers of AD and neurodegeneration could provide insights into the disease's pathophysiology. Because few such studies based on large, diverse, community-based populations exist, we investigated associations of odor identification ability with plasma biomarkers of AD and other neurodegenerative pathologies in community-dwelling Black and White older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional investigation included participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study who attended visit 5 (2011-2013) and who completed olfactory testing and brain MRI examinations and had plasma biomarkers measured (namely, amyloid-beta [Aβ]42/Aβ40 ratio, …

Structural Basis For The Substrate Specificity Of Helix Pomatia Amp Deaminase And A Chimeric Adgf Adenosine Deaminase, Gundeep Kaur, John R Horton, George Tzertzinis, Jujun Zhou, Ira Schildkraut, Xiaodong Cheng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Helix pomatia AMP deaminase (HPAMPD), an enzyme enriched in the foot muscle of the mollusk H. pomatia, exhibits deaminase activity on adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP). HPAMPD is the first member of the adenosine deaminase-related growth factor (ADGF) family to prefer the nucleotide AMP over the nucleoside adenosine. To investigate the substrate selectivity of HPAMPD, we determined its structure in both the apo form and in complex with the adenosine analogs pentostatin and pentostatin-5'-monophosphate. Structurally, HPAMPD adopts a fold similar to human ADA2, an ADGF family member. HPAMPD has acquired the ability to interact with the 5'-monophosphate group of AMP through polar and …

Enhancing Dementia Classification For Diverse Demographic Groups: Using Vision Transformer-Based Continuous Scoring Of Clock Drawing Tests., Mengyao Hu, Yi Lu Murphey, Tian Qin, Edmundo R Melipillán, Laura B Zahodne, Richard Gonzalez, Vicki A Freedman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias significantly affect older adults' quality of life. The clock-drawing test (CDT) is a widely used dementia screening tool due to its ease of administration and effectiveness. However, manual CDT-coding in large-scale studies can be time-intensive and prone to coding errors and is typically limited to ordinal responses. In this study, we developed a continuous CDT score using a deep learning neural network (DLNN) and evaluated its ability to classify participants as having dementia or not.

Methods: Using a nationally representative sample of older adults from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), we …

Engineering Lipid–Polymer Nanoparticles For Sirna Delivery To Cancer Cells, Arthur Manda, Abdulelah Alhazza, Hasan Uludağ, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background: RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool that can target many proteins without the expensive and time-consuming drug development studies. However, due to the challenges in delivering RNA molecules, the potential impact of RNAi approaches is yet to be fully realized in clinical settings. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been the most successful delivery system for nucleic acids, but targeted delivery to a solid tumor still eludes the developed LNPs. We hypothesized that specially designed low-molecular-weight PEIs can partially or completely replace the ionizable lipids for more accommodating vehicles due to the structural flexibility offered by polymers, which could …

Staff Education On Uti Screening, Antimicrobial And Antibiotic Resistance, And Poor Regimen Adherence, Shereen Robinson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This staff education project focused on enhancing nurses’ knowledge of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and antibiotic and antimicrobial resistance intended to promote screening for UTIs. The practice problem addressed was lack nurses’ knowledge of UTI screening and antibiotic resistance. Inadequate screening contributed to increased UTI rates, re-occurrences, and complications such as delirium. It was essential to address the issue because nurses are at the frontline regarding educating, screening, and providing care to patients with UTIs. Knowledgeable nurses can implement standard practices to ensure adequate screening for UTIs. Effective screening would enhance early treatment and minimize misuse and unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions. …

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Outcomes For High-Risk Aml: A Report From The Children's Oncology Group., Benjamin J. Huang, Lauren K. Meyer, Todd A. Alonzo, Yi-Cheng Wang, Adam J. Lamble, Rhonda E. Ries, Weijie Wang, Betsy Hirsch, Gordana Raca, Xiaotu Ma, Alan S. Gamis, Richard Aplenc, E Anders Kolb, Todd M. Cooper, Katherine Tarlock, Michael R. Loken, Soheil Meshinchi, Joseph H. Chewning, William G. Woods, John T. Horan

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

PURPOSE: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used as consolidation for pediatric patients with high-risk AML in first complete remission (CR1). The definition of high-risk AML has evolved considerably over the past two decades with the successive identification of new unfavorable risk factors. We conducted a cross-study analysis to determine whether HSCT improves the outcomes of patients with contemporarily defined high-risk AML.

METHODS: We combined data from AAML0531 and AAML1031, the last two phase III clinical trials completed by the Children's Oncology Group (COG). These two trials established the prognostic importance of measurable residual disease (MRD) and several high-risk cryptic …

Adolescent Preventive Care Outcomes Before And After Covid-19 Onset: What Is The Role Of Telehealth?, Sarah Hayden Knipper

Dissertations and Theses

Adolescents are a developmentally distinctive population with unique primary health care needs; they comprise about 10% of Oregon's population and more than half are covered by the Oregon Health Plan (OHP). This dissertation investigated significant declines in preventive care utilization (well visits and HPV immunizations) among adolescents enrolled in OHP during the COVID-19 pandemic and the relationship between the decline in utilization and the rise in telehealth availability. The study focused specifically on the role of race/ethnicity, geography, and access to health systems in mitigating or exacerbating decreases in preventive care. A mixed methods approach was employed to understand not …

Loss Of Methyltransferase And Hypomethylated M6a Sarcomere Transcripts Leading To Early-Onset Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Sophie Marie Hand, Yi Zhao, Donna Li, Savanna Burke, Hee-Woong Lim, Jessie Yester, Vidu Garg, Federica Accornero, Xiao Li, Deqiang Li, Jihyun Jang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Parallel Use Of Low-Complexity Automated Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests And Lateral Flow Urine Lipoarabinomannan Assays To Detect Tuberculosis Disease In Adults And Adolescents Living With Hiv, Stephanie Bjerrum, Bada Yang, Johanna Åhsberg, Laura Olbrich, Mathias Weis Damkjær, Ruvandhi R Nathavitharana, Tobias Broger, Ioana Diana Olaru, Brittney Sweetser, Hayley Poore, Alia Razid, Alexander W Kay, Claudia M Denkinger, Ian Schiller, Nandini Dendukuri, Devan Jaganath, Andreas Lundh, Maunank Shah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Low-complexity automated nucleic acid amplification tests (LC-aNAATs) are molecular World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended rapid diagnostic tests (also known as mWRDs) widely used to diagnose tuberculosis disease. The lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay (LF-LAM) is recommended by the WHO to assist in diagnosing tuberculosis disease amongst people with HIV. Previous systematic reviews have assessed the diagnostic accuracy of LC-aNAATs and LF-LAM used in isolation for the detection of tuberculosis, but in clinical practice the tests may be used in parallel (i.e. LC-aNAAT in combination with LF-LAM).

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the parallel use of LC-aNAAT on respiratory …

Application Of Claims-Based Frailty Index To A Structured Electronic Health Record Data, Min Ji Kwak, Caroline Schaefer, Youngran Kim, Sunyang Fu, Chan Mi Park, Abhijeet Dhoble, Nahid Rianon, Holly M Holmes, Dae Hyun Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The Claims-based Frailty Index (CFI) has been developed and validated using Medicare claims data. However, whether CFI can be applied to structured electronic health record data has not been studied.

Methods: We applied the CFI to a structured electronic health record dataset (Explorys dataset) and a Medicare fee-for-service 5% sample data and compared the prevalence of frailty from each dataset, using the cohort of older adults. Then, we assessed the odds ratio and area under the curve of the frailty predicting adverse clinical outcomes, any hospital or emergency room visit, or any adverse drug events related encounter within 1 …