Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Intermittent Fasting In Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review Of Safety And Physiological Outcomes, Zulrahman Erlangga, Prenali Dwisthi Sattwika

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Interest in intermittent fasting has expanded substantially due to its reported metabolic effects. However, whether such dietary patterns are safe for individuals living with chronic heart failure remains unclear. This issue is particularly relevant for patients who fast for religious observance, including Ramadan. We therefore performed a systematic review to evaluate the clinical safety and physiological implications of intermittent fasting in stable heart failure populations. The review protocol adhered to established reporting standards for systematic reviews. Multiple electronic databases were systematically searched from inception through December 2025 to identify studies evaluating intermittent fasting in adults with chronic heart failure. Both …

Quality Improvement Project: Impact Of Formalized Debriefing On Correctional Health Emergency Response, Angel Woody

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Structured debriefing following medical emergencies has been identified as an evidence-based strategy to improve communication, reflective learning, and staff confidence within high-acuity healthcare settings. Inconsistent debriefing practices within correctional healthcare environments contributed to a gap in emergency response support and staff preparedness. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate whether implementation of a formalized debriefing protocol following medical emergencies impacted staff confidence during emergency response situations within a correctional healthcare setting. The project was guided by Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory and Lewin’s Change Theory. A quantitative one-group pretest-posttest quality improvement design was implemented in a county correctional healthcare …

The Transitional Liver Clinic: Study Protocol For A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial, Lindsay Yoder, Elliot B. Tapper, Richard S. Kalman, Mary Rinella, Nicole Bendin, Manisha Verma, Francis Pike, Naga Chalasani, Neha Nalumasu, Eric S. Orman

Einstein Health Papers

BACKGROUND: Patients with complications of advanced liver disease experience high rates of hospital readmission after discharge. Transitional care models have improved outcomes in other chronic conditions, but their efficacy in liver disease care remains uncertain. This randomized trial evaluates the effectiveness of a tailored transitional care model-the Transitional Liver Clinic (TLC)-in reducing readmissions, improving quality of life, and enhancing patient satisfaction for patients with advanced liver disease.

METHODS: This is a 45-month, stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial enrolling up to 1000 patients with advanced liver disease across 4 academic medical centers. Each site transitions from usual care to the TLC intervention …

Sirt1 And Ifi16 Cooperatively Regulate Hbv Replication Via Epigenetic Modulation And Innate Immune Activation, Zahra Zahid Piracha, Umar Saeed, Neelam Abid, Syed Shahan Gilani, Hafiz Ahmad Bilal Akhtar Chughtai, Areesha Wasti, Muhammad Waseem, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin, Andromeda M. Nauli, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) establishes persistent infection through the formation of a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) minichromosome, which enables immune evasion and sustained viral replication. While SIRT1, IFI16, and STING are known to modulate antiviral pathways, their cooperative role in regulating HBV transcription and host immunity remains poorly defined.

Methods

We investigated the functional interplay between SIRT1, IFI16, and STING using confocal microscopy, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), gene silencing, and quantitative PCR in HBV-replicating cell models. Interactions with HBV cccDNA and effects on viral transcription and interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression were analyzed. Northern blotting and RT-qPCR were used to …

Conformational Cycling Of The Wntless Transporter Drives Trafficking And Secretion Of Wnt Morphogens, Yunhui Ge, Taciani De Almeida Magalhaes, Hongjiang Wu, Dick J H Van Den Boomen, Thu Uyen Nguyen, Tongyi Dou, Gaya P Yadav, Sukyeong Lee, Zhao Wang, Andrew Lemoff, Xuemei Luo, Sumitha S Menon, Min Zhang, Jin Wang, Zhicheng Jin, Jiansen Jiang, Adrian Salic, Pengxiang Huang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Wnt proteins are lipid-modified morphogens fundamental in development and disease. During Wnt biogenesis, the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-like transporter Wntless (WLS) escorts lipidated Wnts from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane, then transfers them to extracellular carriers, forming active and soluble morphogen-carrier complexes. To dissect the mechanisms involved, we solve cryo-EM structures of Wnt-bound WLS and unliganded WLS, and perform structure-guided functional experiments. Wnts engage WLS via three conserved hairpins, which are all required for Wnt trafficking to the cell surface and carrier-mediated secretion. Wnt release from cells is driven by dramatic conformational changes in the WLS transmembrane domain, reminiscent …

3d Em Uncovers Mitochondrial Network Remodeling In Residual Triple Negative Breast Cancer After Conventional Chemotherapy Treatments, Mariah J Berner, Heather K Beasley, Benjamin Rodriguez, Audra Lane, Steven W Wall, Andrea G Marshall, Zer Vue, Larry Vang, Mokryun L Baek, Mason Killion, Faben Zeleke, Bryanna Shao, Dominique Parker, Autumn Peterson, Julie Sterling Rhoades, Lacey E Dobrolecki, Amber Crabtree, Annet Kirabo, Sepiso K Masenga, Prasanna Katti, Prasanna Venkhatesh, Chandravanu Dash, Michael T Lewis, Antentor Hinton, Gloria V Echeverria

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mitochondria are hubs of metabolism and signaling. We previously demonstrated the importance of mitochondrial structure and function in chemotherapy-refractory triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Herein, we present the first 3D analysis of mitochondrial networks in human tumor tissues. Using serial block face scanning electron microscopy, we reconstructed 3,750 mitochondria and 800 lipid droplets (LDs) in naive and residual tumors persisting after conventional chemotherapies in two orthotopic patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Chemotherapies administered as monotherapy or in combination produced residual tumors that harbored mitochondria with significantly increased areas, volumes, and perimeters. We observed substantial reduction of mitochondrial intratumor heterogeneity following all treatments. Further, …

Targeting Arginine Metabolism Overcomes Chemotherapy Resistance In Aggressive-Variant Prostate Cancers, Elavarasan Subramani, Patrick G Pilié, Rebecca Slack-Tidwell, Paul V Viscuse, Xianghong Kuang, Thirukumaran Kandasamy, Dominik Awad, Jenny J Han, Licai Huang, Christine B Peterson, Amado J Zurita, Sumit K Subudhi, Paul G Corn, Rama Soundararajan, Peter Shepherd, Badrajee Piyarathna, Vasanta Putluri, Nagireddy Putluri, Arun Sreekumar, Yuzhuo Wang, Amina Zoubeidi, Iqbal Mahmud, Sara A Martinez, Lin Tan, Philip L Lorenzi, Sreyashi Basu, Sonali Jindal, Padmanee Sharma, Christopher J Logothetis, Timothy C Thompson, Daniel E Frigo, Ana M Aparicio

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aggressive-variant prostate cancers (AVPCs) respond poorly to anti-androgen therapy but show sensitivity to taxane-platinum chemotherapy, though outcomes remain poor. We conducted a phase 2 trial testing induction cabazitaxel plus carboplatin (CabCarb) followed by olaparib maintenance versus observation in men with AVPC. The primary endpoint of improved progression-free survival (PFS) was not met, likely due to the study being underpowered after 38.5% of patients experienced early progression (ChemoPD) prior to randomization. No genomic alterations predicted ChemoPD; however, transcriptomic analysis revealed the enrichment of metabolic pathways, including arginine metabolism, in ChemoPD tumors. These findings were supported by metabolomics data from preclinical models. …

Targeted Inhibition Of Atr Kinase Promotes Antitumor Immunity In Hnscc Through Enhanced Sting Activation And T Cell Function, Fabio Hb Da Costa, Mutsuki Kawabe, Tsung-You Tsai, Kento Okamoto, Mason D Bartels, Sofia Cortes, Ratna Veeramachaneni, Roberto Rangel, Mitchell J Frederick, Vlad C Sandulache, Andrew G Sikora, Jeffrey N Myers, Abdullah A Osman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Oral cavity head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a major global health burden, with over 40,000 new cases annually in the United States and >500,000 worldwide. Despite advances in surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, overall survival rates have remained largely stagnant over the past three decades, and over half of patients ultimately die from the disease. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes for a subset of patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC, the majority gain limited benefit. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies that enhance responses to immunotherapy are urgently needed. The ATR-CHK1 signaling pathway has …

Neddylation Maintains Oocyte Quality By Stabilizing Mitochondrial Transcription, Avery A Ahmed, Tessa E Steenwinkel, Bethany K Patton, Peixin Jiang, Matthew D Meyer, Jaspreet K Rishi, Mei Leng, Alexander B Saltzman, Elizabeth S Anaya, Momal Sharif, Laurie J Mckenzie, Laura Detti, Anna Malovannaya, Sean M Hartig, Stephanie A Pangas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Age-related decline in oocyte quality increases the risk of infertility, miscarriage, and birth defects. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key contributor to this decline. Here, we report that oocyte-specific deletion of Uba3, which encodes the catalytic subunit of the E1 NEDDylation-activating complex, causes sterility in mice. Fully grown, germinal vesicle–stage Uba3 conditional knockout oocytes exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction, including elevated reactive oxygen species, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, and depletion of mitochondrially encoded RNA transcripts. Proteomic analysis identified alterations in mitochondrial-associated proteins, including enrichment of mitochondrial matrix and respiratory chain components and reduced abundance of electron transport chain complexes. These defects were associated …

Strategies For Improving The Drug Importation Control System In Thailand: A Qualitative Investigation, Neeranart Potiyanon, Suntaree Watcharadamrongkun

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Drug importation plays a critical role in Thailand’s healthcare system; however, barriers affecting its regulatory control and their public health implications remain inadequately examined. This study compared international drug importation procedures and evaluated Thailand’s control system with strategies for improvement.
Methods: Conducted in Bangkok between 2020 and 2023, this two-phase study employed a qualitative design. Phase 1 involved content analysis comparing drug importation procedures across Thailand, Singapore, Australia and the United States to identify best practices and potential solutions. Phase 2 utilized semistructured, in-depth interviews with 19 key informants from government and private-sector agencies. Data collection was guided by …

Artificial Intelligence In Hospital Pharmacy Practice: Effectiveness, Internal Validity, And Translational Readiness: A Systematic Review, Kwanchai Rattanamanee, Parnupong Kiewsiri, Prayuth Poowaruttanawiwit

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into hospital pharmacy, offering potential to enhance medication safety, therapeutic decision-making, and operational efficiency. However, the internal validity and translational readiness of current interventions remain uncertain.
Objectives: The objective of the study was to systematically review AI applications in hospital pharmacy and evaluate their effectiveness, internal validity, and readiness for clinical integration.
Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines and PROSPERO registration (CRD420251067936), We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and ThaiJO (2000–June 2025). for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort, quasi-experimental, and case–control studies …

Assortment Analysis Of Ophthalmic Medicines In The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Zoya Usmonova, Shakhnoz Umarova, Nargiza Sultanbaeva, Marina Taryanikova

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Ophthalmic diseases are a significant public health concern globally and in Uzbekistan, where approximately 1 million individuals are affected.
Objectives: The objectives are to conduct an assortment analysis of ophthalmic medicines registered in Uzbekistan (2010–2024), to identify trends in drug registration, composition, dosage forms, and manufacturing sources.
Materials and Methods: Based on State Register data, medicines classified under Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical S01 were analyzed using marketing and qualimetric methods, focusing on the International Nonproprietary Names, dosage forms, manufacturers, and countries of origin.
Results: The number of registered medicines peaked at 352 in 2022, and then declined to 279 in …

Contribution Of Animals To Biomedical Advancements In The Current Era: A Narrative Review, Leena Rajathy Port Louis, Mani Rajarathinam, Prithiviraj Nagarajan, Divya Sekar, Nisha Perumal

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Animal research has played a major role in the development of vaccinations and therapies for illnesses such as tetanus, polio, meningitis, hepatitis, and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. For every prescription drug available today, animal testing and research have contributed immensely. This narrative review aims to explore the contribution of animals to biomedical advancements in the current era, which involved a search of peer-reviewed literature using electronic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. In current biomedical research, animals help develop new treatments for long-term illnesses such as cancer, HIV, and Alzheimer’s. Animals also aid in the …

Microwave-Assisted Extraction Optimization And Bioactivity Assessment Of Flavonoid-Rich Extract From Lantana Camara L. Leaves In Zebrafish Epilepsy Model, Prem Kumar B R, Shwetha Krishnamurthy, Gouri Nair, Sundara Saravanan Kamatchi

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Lantana camara L. (Verbanaceae) is known for its bioactive compounds and has been reported for its potential therapeutic applications. Flavonoids from natural sources are acknowledged for their antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, suggesting a possible role in seizure management.
Objectives: This study intended to optimize the microwaveassisted extraction (MAE) of flavonoid-rich extract from L. camara L. leaves utilizing a designof- experiment approach and evaluate its antiepileptic property using the zebrafish model.
Materials and Methods: Four solvents (ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, and water) were initially used, with ethanol yielding the highest total flavonoid content (TFC). A central composite design was employed …

Samannachan: A Thai Traditional Herbal Recipe With Cytotoxic Potential Against Breast, Cervical, And Ovarian Cancers, Perika Monkanna, Srisopa Ruangnoo, Pakakrong Thongdeeying, Arunporn Itharat, Pranporn Kuropakornpong, Reawfang Sriyom, Apinya Wiboonwattanakit, Kanyarat Namphonsan, Paponpachara Pibanpaknitee, Neal M. Davies

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Samannachan (SMC) is a Thai traditional herbal recipe that has been used since 2005 at Khampramong Temple, Sakon Nakhon, to treat more than 6,000 cancer patients. However, scientific evidence supporting cytotoxic effects remains limited.
Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the SMC recipe and its ten herbal components against breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer cells compared to normal cells.
Methods: Cytotoxic activity was assessed using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay on breast (MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-231), cervical (HeLa), and ovarian (SK-OV-3) cancer cell lines, as well as on non-cancerous human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Both aqueous …

Preparing Adjunct Clinical Instructors For Success: The Impact Of A Structured Orientation Program On Perceived Capabilities As Measured By The Capabilities Of Nurse Educators (Cone) Questionnaire, Amanda Stone

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Adjunct clinical instructors are essential in helping nursing students connect classroom learning to real-world patient care. A needs assessment within an associate degree nursing (ADN) program identified that adjunct clinical instructors received only a brief overview of policies, contributing to role uncertainty and inconsistent preparation for clinical teaching responsibilities. Current literature supports the use of structured orientation and mentorship to better prepare nurses as they transition into clinical educator roles. The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental quality improvement project was to evaluate the impact of a structured orientation program on adjunct clinical instructors’ perceived capabilities. Guided by the Plan-Do-Study-Act change …

A Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Model To Guide Use Of Whole-Pelvic Radiation Therapy In Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer: Exploratory Analysis Of Rtog 9413, Mutlay Sayan, Huei-Chung Huang, Erin L. Stewart, Timothy N. Showalter, Adam P. Dicker, George Daniel Grass, Elizabeth M. Gore, Andrew Michael Mcdonald, J. Daniel Pennington, Mark A. Hallman, Igor J. Barani, I-Chow Hsu, Michael Rooney, Stephanie L. Pugh, Paul L. Nguyen, Phuoc T. Tran, Mack Roach Iii

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Background/Objectives: This study explored whether a multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI) model integrating digitized histopathology and clinical features can identify prostate cancer patients who may benefit from neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) and whole-pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT). Methods: This secondary analysis of NRG/RTOG 9413 included NHT-treated patients with digitized biopsy slides and clinical data who were not part of the MMAI model optimization. A previously validated MMAI model estimated long-term risk, and Fine-Gray models evaluated interactions between MMAI-derived scores and the radiation field (WPRT vs. prostate-only RT [PORT]) for biochemical failure (BF), chosen over progression-free survival because of extended follow-up and distant metastasis …

Epidemiology And Outcomes Of Geriatric Trauma At Uab, Lindy Reynolds

ETDs from 2020-2029

Adults over the age of 65 are the fastest growing portion of the population and account for a growing percentage of the trauma patient volume at trauma centers around the country. Older adults experience longer length of stays, higher mortality and complication rates than their younger counterparts. As a result, there has recently been an increased focus on models of geriatric trauma care, one of which is the addition of geriatric medicine consults for older trauma patients. The primary objectives of this dissertation were to examine the effect of the consult policy on outcomes using an interrupted time series approach, …

A Retrospective Analysis Of Dental Needs Identified By Intraoral Videography In Elderly Patients With Mild To Moderate Dementia In Long-Term Care Facilities: Feasibility Of A Novel Screening Mechanism For Oral Health, Kevin Hahn

ETDs from 2020-2029

This retrospective analysis explores the viability of employing intraoral videography to identify dental needs among long-term care (LTC) facility residents with cognitive impairment and/or mild to moderate dementia. Inadequate oral hygiene in these individuals can lead to dental plaque buildup, oral dysbiosis, gingivitis, dental caries, and periodontitis. Such conditions can impact both oral and systemic health. However, delivering oral hygiene in LTC facilities faces challenges due to care-resistant behavior triggered during mouth care. And many individuals in residential LTC facilities do not have access to dental care outside of severe emergencies due to cost, reimbursement patterns, lack of access to …

Optimization Of Post-Curing Conditions For 3d-Printed Dental Restorations: Mechanical And Color Stability Analysis, Mohammed Hammamy

ETDs from 2020-2029

Additive manufacturing has become increasingly utilized in dentistry for the fabrication of definitive restorations and provisional prostheses. However, the performance of 3D-printed materials is highly dependent on post-processing procedures, particularly post-curing, which influences the degree of polymerization and final material properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different post-curing protocols on the mechanical performance and color stability of a 3D-printed dental restorative material.Disc-shaped specimens were fabricated using a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer and subjected to various post-curing conditions, including standard dental LED curing, nitrogen-assisted curing, glycerin immersion curing, Phrozen UV curing, VALO LED …

Toothbrush Resistance Of Resin-Based Stain And Glaze Materials Applied To 3d-Printed Denture Resins, Panisa Homyai

ETDs from 2020-2029

Background: Three-dimensionally printed (3D-printed) dentures are commonly fabricated using a single tooth-colored resin, after which surface stain and glaze coatings are applied to reproduce gingival coloration, enhance the esthetic appearance and improve clinical longevity of characterized prostheses. However, daily oral hygiene procedures such as toothbrushing degrade surface coatings, leading to discoloration, increased plaque retention, and deterioration of esthetic appearance. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of stain timing and glaze application on the surface gloss and roughness of a three-dimensionally printed denture resin before and after simulated toothbrushing Methods: 80 disc-shaped specimens (12 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness) …

The Role Of 14-3-3 Proteins In The Pro-Inflammatory Response Of Microglia And The Neuronal Stress Response To Trichloroethylene Exposure, William Stone

ETDs from 2020-2029

ABSTRACT This dissertation examines how 14-3-3 proteins, with a focus on the 14-3-3θ iso-form, regulate signaling pathways relevant to neurodegeneration. While tradition-ally described as molecular hubs that organize protein–protein interactions, our work reveals how 14-3-3 function is shaped by environmental insults, namely bac-terial and neurotoxicant exposures, and how its disruption contributes to disease-associated processes. Two complementary approaches were used, focusing on microglial inflammatory signaling and neuronal responses to an environmental neurotoxicant, to define a broader role for 14-3-3 proteins in disease associated pathways in the brain. Chapter I identifies 14-3-3 proteins as modulators of microglial activation. Disrup-tion of 14-3-3 interactions …

Isolated Polyhydramnios: Diagnosis Should Be Made Based On Both Elevated Afi And Elevated Mvp, Alessandro Petrecca, Vivian Nguyen, Lauren Bracken, Federica Bellussi, Suneet Chauhan, Tullio Ghi, Vincenzo Berghella

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate which of the different sonographic definitions of isolated polyhydramnios (elevated amniotic fluid index [AFI] alone, elevated maximum vertical pocket [MVP] alone, or both elevated AFI and MVP) is best associated with adverse perinatal outcomes.

STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective case-control study included singleton pregnancies undergoing sonographic surveillance at a tertiary referral center between February 2021 and January 2026. Cases of isolated polyhydramnios identified during this time-period were compared with pregnancies with normal amniotic fluid volume from 2024. Polyhydramnios was categorized as elevated AFI only (AFI ≥24 cm), elevated MVP only (MVP ≥8 cm), or both elevated AFI and …

Early Adoption Of Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation In Canada: Physician Experiences, Barriers, And Facilitators To Implementation, Harrison Gao, David Liu, Ben B. Levy, Justin Shapiro, Kevin M. Higgins, Diana E. Khalil, Elizabeth E. Cottrill, Courtney Poon, Pabiththa Kamalraj, Justine Philteos, Antoine Eskander

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: Thyroid radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive alternative to surgery for thyroid nodules. Despite strong international evidence, thyroid RFA was only approved by Health Canada in April 2023. Understanding the experiences of early adopters can inform the broader adoption of RFA in Canada and other healthcare systems.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the implementation experiences of early adopters of thyroid RFA in Canada and identify barriers and facilitators to adoption.

DESIGN: Multiple methods.

SETTING: All 8 listed RFA facilities in Canada.

PARTICIPANTS: Physicians performing thyroid RFA (n = 9).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Survey and semi-structured interviews.

RESULTS: Most participants reported …

Epidemiology And Ultrasonographic Observations Of Urogenital Schistosomiasis Related Urinary Tract Morbidity In Itilima District, Simiyu Region, Tanzania, Coletha Yohana, Bruno A. Nyundo, Jared S. Bakuza, Peter F. Rambau, Safari M. Kinung’Hi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Chronic infection of urogenital schistosomiasis in humans is a major cause of urinary tract morbidity in endemic areas. However, information on the prevalence of schistosomiasisrelated urinary tract morbidity is lacking in most endemic countries including Tanzania. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis-related urinary tract morbidity in schoolchildren and adults in Itilima District. Urine samples from 682 residents were examined for Schistosoma haematobium infection using urine filtration technique. Urinary tract morbidity was examined by ultrasound. The prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 16.4% (112/682) and varied significantly between villages (range 3.2% to 29.5%, χ2 = 48.467, p < 0.001). There was no significant variation of S. haematobium infection between male and female (8.3 % vs 8.1%, χ2 = 0.679, p = 0.410). Majority (93.8%) had light infections (

Non-Tobacco Nicotine Dependence Is Associated With Increased Complications Following Clavicle Open Reduction Internal Fixation, Akin A. Adio, Rahul K. Goyal, Abby Skiena, Mohammad Daher, John G. Horneff, Hafiz F. Kassam, Brian W. Hill, Joseph A. Abboud

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Tobacco dependence is well established to impair bone healing and increase postoperative complications. However, the independent effects of nicotine, separate from combustion-related factors, remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of non-tobacco nicotine dependence (NTND) following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of clavicle fractures, including midshaft and lateral fracture subtypes.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed using a large national database. Patients undergoing ORIF of clavicle fractures were identified using procedural and diagnostic codes. Patients with non-tobacco nicotine dependence (e.g., vaping, patches, or gum) were identified and propensity score matched to (1) patients without nicotine …

Staff Education To Enhance Knowledge Of Blood Culture Collection Technique To Reduce Blood Culture Contamination Rates, Whitney Ducharme

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Macrophages As Gatekeepers Of Glioma Progression, Cliona M Rooney, Jasia Mahdi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Culturally Informed Approaches To Support Perinatal Mental Health: Perceptions And Experiences Of Perinatal Depression And Support Systems Among Postpartum African-Born Women In The United States, Joyce O. Imafidon

ETDs from 2020-2029

Perinatal mental health (PMH) of African-born women (ABW) is underrepresented in research and practice in the United States (US) despite known consequences of poor mental wellbeing on one’s overall health, relationships and productivity. Beyond their fundamental role in family support, ABW contribute significantly to the US workforce, education sector, and economy. This three-paper dissertation enhances understanding on PMH outcomes, perception and experiences of ABW in the US. Perinatal depression (PD), one of the most common mood disorders affecting 1 in 8 women, is highlighted. The overarching question is to what extent does the US health system address PMH of ABW …

Bone Marrow Adiposity, Obesity, And Tumor Burden In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma, Ananya Deshpande

ETDs from 2020-2029

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy in the United States. It is characterized by the accumulation of clonally expanded plasma cells in the bone marrow, which leads to end organ damage and myeloma-defining events requiring treatment. The only modifiable risk factor for MM is obesity. However, associations between obesity, bone marrow adipocytes, and tumor burden at MM diagnosis remain unclear. We evaluated associations of bone marrow adipocytes, body mass index (BMI), and clinical features of tumor burden among 168 patients with histologically confirmed newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) enrolled in the Integrative Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology …