Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Transatrial Balloon-Expandable Valve Implantation For Severe Mitral Annular Calcification With Native Leaflet Sealing, Omar Saleh, Rishab Agarwal, Israa Saleh, Nicholas Valle, Joshua Dolsen, Raymond L. Benza, Deepak R. Talreja, Clinton D. Kemp, Matthew R. Summers, Christopher M. Sciortino

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Severe mitral annular calcification (MAC) limits mitral intervention options. Transseptal valve-in-MAC (ViMAC) transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) risks neo-left ventricular outflow tract (neo-LVOT) obstruction and paravalvular leak, while surgical replacement requires extensive annular reconstruction.

Case Summary: We report 3 high-risk patients with severe MAC (computed tomography [CT]-based MAC scores 7-10) who underwent open transatrial valve-in-MAC TMVR via a balloon-expandable valve after CT-based simulation and multidisciplinary heart review identified increased risk of valve malapposition or neo-LVOT obstruction precluding transseptal approach. Native anterior mitral leaflet tissue was preserved, everted, and fixed to the bioprosthetic valve cuff, creating a seal to address …

Differential Impact Of Catheter Ablation Across Heart Failure Phenotypes In Atrial Fibrillation: A Grade Assessed Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Faizan Ahmed, Ayesha Zulfiqar, Mohamed Nasser Elshabrawi, Omama Ayatullah, Sheraz Qasim, Hira Sarfraz, Haris Bin Tahir, Faseeh Haider, Maryam Fatima, Syed Ahmed Ali Shah, Ameema Kaleem, Muhammad Taha Altaf, Muhammad Bin Aslam Zahid, Nazila Dalir, Manal Zia, Amro Taha, Abdul Qadeer, Bhavin Patel, Khurram Arshad

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly prevalent in heart failure (HF) and is linked to increased mortality and hospitalization in both preserved (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Catheter ablation (CA) has emerged as an effective rhythm-control strategy beyond medical therapy (MT), but phenotype-specific differences remain unclear. We compared the efficacy and safety of CA versus MT in AF with HFpEF or HFrEF.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched through December 2025. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted in R (version 4.5.3), reporting risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Fifteen studies involving …

Defining Clinically Meaningful Within-Patient Changes In Heart Failure: Jacc Heart Failure Position Statement, Amin Yehya, Rebecca Hahn, Barry Borlaug, Victoria Delgado, Andrew Ambrosy, Ross Arena, Nosheen Reza, Gregory Lewis, Natalie Tapaskar, Salvatore Carbone, Cynthia Chauhan, Mitchell A. Psotka, Norman Stockbridge, James Januzzi, Javed Butler, Jennifer Cowger, Biykem Bozkurt, John Spertus

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Heart failure (HF) clinical trials increasingly rely on diverse endpoints beyond mortality, including hospitalizations, imaging, hemodynamic status, biomarkers, functional capacity, and patient-reported outcomes. Although statistically significant differences between treatment groups are commonly reported, interpreting whether these changes are clinically meaningful for individual patients remains challenging. This JACC: Heart Failure position statement proposes a pragmatic framework for defining clinically meaningful within-patient change across commonly used HF outcomes by integrating measurement variability, prognostic associations, and patient-anchored evidence where available. Relative and absolute risk reductions should both inform interpretation of clinical events, while imaging, hemodynamic, biomarker, and functional measures require changes exceeding measurement …

Missed Opportunities For Stroke Prevention In Patients With Hypertension: A Retrospective Case-Control Study, Huanhuan Yang, Yuntian Liu, Chungsoo Kim, Chenxi Huang, Mitsuaki Sawano, Patrick Young, Jacob Mcfadden, Mark Anderson, John S. Burrows, Harlan M. Krumholz, John E. Brush Jr., Yuan Lu

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

Hypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, yet the adequacy of preventative hypertension care in routine clinical practice remains suboptimal, potentially representing missed opportunities for stroke prevention. We evaluated the association between hypertension care delivery and incident ischemic stroke.

Methods

 We conducted a retrospective, matched, nested case-control study among adults with hypertension using data from a large regional health system (2010-2024). Patients with a first-ever ischemic stroke were matched 1:2 to controls on age, sex, race and ethnicity, and calendar time. Three care metrics were assessed: (1) outpatient visits with blood pressure measurement per year; (2) …

Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement-Level Aortotomy For Self-Expanding Transcatheter Aortic Valve Explantation, Israa Saleh, Raymond L. Benza, Deepak R. Talreja, Christopher M. Sciortino, Matthew R. Summers, Clinton D. Kemp

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

A low-level aortotomy for self-expanding TAVR explantation improves the ability to remove the degenerated valve and facilitates surgical replacement.

Improving Documentation Of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, And Pronouns In Electronic Medical Records Among Heart Failure Patients, Daiwik Munjwani, Colleen Schinderle, Rehan Qayyum, Amin Yehya

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

Documentation of sexual orientation, gender identity (SOGI), and pronouns in electronic medical records (EMRs) is essential to providing inclusive, patient-centered care, but remains incomplete in many health systems. At our institution, a system-wide diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) educational program was launched in September 2023 to emphasize the importance of collecting and documenting SOGI and pronouns.

Aims and objectives

Our objective was to evaluate the effect of a hospital-wide diversity-focused educational initiative on documentation of SOGI and pronouns in the EMR for patients discharged with heart failure (HF).

Methods

We conducted a single-center, retrospective chart review which included adults …

Microplastics, Nanoplastics, And Obesity: Current Evidence And Biological Mechanisms, Maram Albandak, Sanam Rabeeah, Ahmad Mahdi Zahidi, David A. Johnson

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Obesity is a rapidly growing global health concern. The pathogenesis is complex and cannot be fully explained by lifestyle factors alone. The increasing attention towards this concern has finally been directed towards environmental contributors which may influence metabolic regulation. Microplastics and nano-plastics (MNPs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that have recently been detected in food, drinking water, air, and human biological samples, raising concerns about their potential role in metabolic disorders, including obesity. Chronic exposure to MNPs may interfere with metabolic homeostasis through multiple biological pathways. Emerging evidence, including both experimental and animal studies, reports alterations in lipid metabolism, body weight, …

Heart Failure Devices: Treatment Options, Underutilization, And A Proposed Trigger System For Patient Referral And Evaluation, Marat Fudim, Dmitry M. Yaranov, Richa Gupta, Laurie Letarte, Samuel F. Sears, Brian G. Howard, Nir Uriel, Vikram Raje Do, Kiran Mahmood, Sean R. Pinney, Amin Yehya, Amit Alam, Pujan Patel, Albert Hicks, Amarinder Bindra, Steven M. Antoine, Jason Feliberti, Allman Rollins, Vishal N. Rao, Patrick Mccann, Nirav Raval, Rachel A. Garcia, Ahmed Sayed

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

The use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) has substantially prolonged and improved the lives of patients with heart failure (HF). Nevertheless, adherence rates remain suboptimal. Even when successfully maximized and adhered to, there is a substantial residual risk of recurrent HF hospitalization and death. In light of this, there is a strong need for effective interventions that can decrease the high residual risk seen in patients with HF. Several device options exist that are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and that have been shown to decrease morbidity and/or mortality in patients among whom GDMT is maximized. These …

Efficacy Of Biologics In Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease, Jennifer K. Priessnitz, Anastasia Hagopian, Alison J. Patev, Joseph K. Han, Kent K. Lam

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), also termed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD), is characterized by asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, and hypersensitivity to cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors, frequently resulting in severe, treatment-refractory airway disease. Biologic therapies targeting type 2 inflammation are increasingly used in AERD; though their relative efficacy remains incompletely defined.

Methods

We conducted a semi-systematic narrative review of biologic therapies in AERD, guided by established narrative review frameworks. PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for studies reporting clinical outcomes in AERD/NERD or clearly defined AERD/NERD subgroups. This review synthesizes current evidence and presents an evidence-informed clinical framework …

Refractory Chronic Eosinophilic Annular Erythema Successfully Treated With Dupilumab: A Case Report, Avery H. Seward, Robert J. Pariser

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Eosinophilic annular erythema (EAE) is a rare eosinophilic skin condition that lacks a well-established treatment plan. It is characterized by annular, erythematous, indurated plaques which may be asymptomatic or pruritic. Histologically, EAE shares features with Wells syndrome (WS), including a dense dermal eosinophilic infiltrate, which has led to varying opinions as to whether they are distinct entities or lie on a clinical spectrum. We report a case of a woman with a well-documented 26-year history of refractory EAE that ultimately responded to dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-4 and interleukin-13. Case Presentation: The patient initially presented at age 13 …

Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Targeting Viral Persistence In Post-Covid-19 Condition (Long Covid) In The Usa (Recover-Vital): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Phase 2 Trial, Lindsey R. Baden, Nirav S. Shah, Sean T. H. Liu, Jonathan Cohen, James May, Andre Kumar, Grace A. Mccomsey, Peter Chen, Michelle Floris-Moore, Nora G. Singer, Inti Fernandez, Alex J. Slandzicki, Zanthia Wiley, Alexandra Kadl, David A. Kaminsky, Harvey Hsu, Tiffany A. Walker, Aluko A. Hope, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Jason D. Goldman, Michael J. Peluso, Thomas F. Patterson, Sairam Parthasarathy, Janet M. Mullington, Paul Bolin Jr., Sarah E. Jolley, Jerry A. Krishnan, Mario Castro, Sally L. Hodder, Priscilla Pemu, Helen Y. Chu, Michael G. Risbano, Maya R. Jerath, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Ryan T. Hurt, Radica Alicic, Nabila S. Azad, Marc A. Sala, Michelle S. Harkins, Jeffrey Parsonnet, Neil Stafford, Philip Robinson, Sabiha Hussain, Xian Qiao, Sophie Two Hawk, Michael Lillestol, Nathan Erdmann, Kelly A. Gebo, Praveen Sudhindra, Joseph Sassine, Gailen D. Marshall, Tulika Chatterjee, Caryn G. Morse, Eyal Kedar, William W. Stringer, Jennifer A. Frontera, Michael Jordon, Caitlin Blaskewicz, Jorge L. Santana, Rachel A. Foot, Cherry Wongtrakool, Matthew William Mccarthy, Alem Mehari, Arch Amon, Alison K. Cohen, Nita Jain, Christine Maughan, Doug Lindsay, Rachel Olson, Samuel Broderick, Pearl Rowe, Sean M. O'Brien, David R. Walt, Bruce D. Levy, Leonard A. Jason, Phillip A. Low, Cyndya A. Shibao, Barry Make, Lucinda Bateman, Susan Redline, David Knopman, Adrian F. Hernandez, Tracy L. Nolen, Craig Reist, Lisa Berdan, Richard Whitley, Kanecia O. Zimmerman, For The Recover-Vital Clinical Trial Group

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, more commonly known as long COVID, has emerged as a major health problem. The pathogenesis of long COVID is unknown, but among the leading hypotheses is viral persistence. We aimed to investigate whether the use of the SARS-CoV-2 antiviral nirmatrelvir-ritonavir improved long COVID symptoms.

Methods

We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial involving adults who had developed persistent symptoms (≥12 weeks) associated with three major symptom phenotypes (cognitive, autonomic, or exercise) after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection at 69 US sites. Participants were eligible if they were 18 years or older and had a previous suspected, …

Lost Fractures: Prevalence And Risk Factors For Missed Costosternal And Costal Cartilage Fractures Among Patients With Radiologic Chest Wall Injury., Joseph D Forrester, Mohamad Abou Chaar, Andrew T Barnes, Zachary M Bauman, Samy Bendjemil, Nizama N Betts, Benjamin Christie, Raaga Dasari, Devoe Wb, Michelle J Earley, Bradley Faliks, Tracy J Johns, Connie Johnson, Michelle S Junker, Brian D Kim, Jonathan M King, Ariel Whitney Knight, Alexis A Schweibinz, Daniel Stephens, Mary Stuever, Simeng Wang

Trauma and Acute Care Articles

BACKGROUND: Costosternal cartilages and the costal margin, collectively termed costal cartilage, are hyaline cartilage connecting ribs to the sternum and to adjacent ribs, respectively. Presence of intact costal cartilage is essential for elasticity of the chest wall. Anecdotally, costal cartilage injuries are underdiagnosed on trauma CT scan in patients with rib fractures. Our aim was to determine a baseline frequency of acute costal cartilage injury among patients presenting with rib fractures.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of injured adult patients admitted to Level I/II trauma centers with rib fractures from January 2020 to July 2024. CT images obtained …

Influence Of Serum Vitamin D Levels On Marginal Bone Loss Around Unsplinted Mandibular Implant Overdentures: A Retrospective Study, Rahma El Hussany Mohammed El Desouky, Fatma Ahmad El-Waseef

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective: To investigate the impact of serum vitamin D levels on marginal bone loss (MBL) in patients restored with unsplinted-mandibular-implant overdentures using LOCATOR attachments. Materials and Methods: Thirty participants rehabilitated with three-implant-mandibular overdentures were included. Based on serum vitamin D at the time of prosthetic loading, participants were categorized into two equal groups: a test group with deficient vitamin D (< 20 ng/mL) and a control group with sufficient levels (≥30 ng/mL). Patients with borderline levels (21–29 ng/mL) were excluded. Peri-implant vertical (VBL) and horizontal bone loss (HBL) were measured at baseline (T0), 6 months (T6), and 12 months (T12). Results: The vitamin D-deficient group exhibited significantly elevated VBL and HBLover the sufficient group at all-time points (P

The Mitosis-Specific Antibody Anti-Phosphohistone-H3 (Phh3) And Its Relation To The Histopathological And Biological Characteristics Of Ameloblastoma And Ameloblastic Carcinoma, Husam Asadiq S. Alrumayh, Samar Soliman, Khadiga M. Ali, Hoda M Ismail, Azza Abbas El-Sissi

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Aim This study aimed to assess the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) in multicystic ameloblastoma (AB), unicystic AB and ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) and to investigate the mitotic activity difference between these lesions. Material and Methods This study was carried out on 30 cases, classified into three groups Group I 13 cases of multicystic AB. Group II 7 cases of unicystic AB Group III 10 cases of AC. These cases were selected from the Oral Pathology Department, Mansoura University and Cairo University archives from 2023 to 2024. Immunohistochemistry for PHH3 was done and the immunoreactivity was evaluated by the …

Effect Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Coating And Artificial Saliva On The Frictional Resistance Of Self-Ligating Ceramic Brackets: An In Vitro Study, Amal Mohammed Al-Hajj Abdo, Reham Ibrahim El-Gazzar, Hagag Mohammed, Ahmed Maher Fouda

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Aim: The objective of this research was to investigate how ZnO nanoparticles and artificial saliva influence the frictional resistance in self-ligating ceramic orthodontic brackets while performing sliding mechanics Materials & Methods : A total of sixty maxillary canine brackets were divided into three groups: uncoated self-ligating ceramic brackets, ZnO-coated brackets, and ZnOcoated brackets tested under artificial saliva. The friction produced by sliding was measured using a universal testing machine with a 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless-steel archwire. One-way ANOVA was used for the statistical analysis, and p-values of ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The results showed a significant difference in …

The Use Of Pekk Versus Peek In The Fabrication Of Maxillary Definitive Obturators, Mostafa S. Swedan, Sherin F. Donia, Salah Af. Hegazy

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Purpose. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of CAD-CAM-milled PEKK frameworks versus PEEK frameworks in the fabrication of clasp-retained maxillary obturators, assessing retention outcomes and patient satisfaction over a sixmonth follow-up period. Materials and Methods. Ten patients with maxillary defects (Armany class I) were randomly assigned to two equal groups (n=5). Group 1 received obturators with CADCAM- milled PEKK frameworks (Pekkton, Cendres+Métaux), while Group 2 received obturators with CAD-CAM-milled PEEK frameworks (Bio-HPP, bredent), both incorporating hollow bulb extensions fabricated from PMMA. A standardized digital workflow including exocad software design, and subtractive manufacturing was employed for all prostheses. Framework …

Effect Of Provisional Restorative Material And Temporary Cement Type On The Marginal Adaptation Of Cad/Cam Three-Unit Provisional Fdps: An In Vitro Study, Mustafa Mohammad Harfi, Ahmed Shams, Shaimaa Ahmed Abo El-Farag

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective: To evaluate and compare the marginal adaptation of CAD/CAM-fabricated three-unit provisional fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) made from polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) after cementation with either eugenol-free temporary cement or resin-based temporary cement.

Materials/Subjects and Methods: Sixty-four extracted human maxillary premolars and molars were prepared to receive three-unit FDPs and mounted in 32 acrylic resin blocks with simulated periodontal ligament. CAD/CAM provisional FDPs were fabricated from PMMA and PEEK. Specimens were divided according to temporary cement type into two main groups (n = 16) and further subdivided according to restorative material into PMMA and PEEK subgroups (n …

Influence Of Implant Number On Maximum Bite Force Of Maxillary Implant-Retained Overdentures Opposed By Mandibular Two-Implant Overdentures: A Prospective Randomized Crossover Clinical Study, Shaimaa Ayman Hassan, Noha Hosny El-Shaheed, Mai Ahmed Haggag, Fatma Ahmad El Waseef

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective:

To assess the effect of implant number (three, four, and five unsplinted implants) on maximum bite force (MBF) of maxillary implant overdentures opposed by two‑implant mandibular overdentures.

Materials and Methods:

Twelve completely edentulous cases were recruited from the Outpatient Clinic, Prosthodontics Department. Five implants were placed in the maxilla (midline, bilateral canines, and bilateral molars). Using a randomized crossover design, three loading configurations were evaluated sequentially for three months each: three implants (midline and canines), five implants (all implants), and four implants (canines and molars). Maximum bite force was determined utilizing a GM10 occlusal force meter (Nagano Keiki Co., …

Clinical Outcomes Of Topical Phenytoin Loaded On Hydrogel Wound Dressing On Postoperative Sequalae Following Resection Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Abdelrahman Mohammed Yehia Abdellatif, Mohamed Zaghloul Amer, Shadi Awny, Mohammed Abdel-Monem Tawfik

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective: This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of topical phenytoin loaded on hydrogel wound dressing on postoperative sequalae following resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Material and Methods: Sixteen patients were selected from the Outpatient Clinic of the oncology center, Mansoura University complain of oral squamous cell carcinoma require major surgery for resection, neck dissection with further reconstruction. Patients were equally categorized into two groups. In study group, eight patients received a phenytoin-based hydrogel wound dressing following resection and reconstruction procedure. While in control group, including eight patients received a conventional wound dressing following resection and reconstruction …

Cbct-Based Three-Dimensional Characterization Of The Greater Palatine Foramen In A Sample Of Egyptian Population, Sara M Elsaid, Fatma Ata, Ghada A. Elhusseiny, Bassant Mowafey

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Background: The greater palatine foramen (GPF) is an important anatomical landmark; precise knowledge of its location and variations is crucial in dental and maxillofacial practice.

Objectives: To assess the position, morphometric characteristics, and anatomical relationship of the greater palatine foramen in a sample of Egyptian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The null hypothesis was that no significant side- or sex-related differences would be observed.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed a convenience sample of 120 CBCT scans. GPF morphology, anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions, location, and the distance to the intermaxillary suture were investigated. Statistical analysis was performed …

Regenerative Potential Of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Media In Medication-Related Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw In Albino Rats: An Experimental Study, Rawda Muhammed, Ahmad A. Emam, Elham H. Ahmed, Samah K. Ezzat, Y.M. El-Hawary

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the regenerative capacity of conditioned media derived from bone marrow stem cells (BMMSC-CM) in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw induced in a rat model by injecting zoledronic acid.

Material and Methods: Fifteen adult male albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups: zoledronic acid (ZOL) group, zoledronic acid + gelatin sponge (ZOL+ sponge) group and a BMMSC-CM treatment (CM-treated) group. All animals received intravenous zoledronic acid (1 mg/kg) for three weeks, followed by maxillary first molar extraction and surgical bone defect creation. The defects were filled with a 2.5 mm³ gelatin sponge …

Digital Pick-Up Of Attachments Before Registration Of Jaw Relations Versus Intraoral Pick-Up During Insertion Of Cad/Cam 2-Implant Mandibular Overdentures: Effect On Peri-Implant Bone Height, Nesma M. Mousa, Nermeen E. Elkhamisy, Islam H. Kandil, Mohamed M. Fouad

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective: To compare the effect of digital attachment pick-up technique before jaw relation recording and intraoral pick-up technique during insertion for two-implant mandibular overdentures on peri-implant marginal bone height.

Materials and Methods: Sixteen completely edentulous participants recruited for the study. Conventional complete dentures were constructed, followed by guided placement of two mandibular canine implants with delayed loading. Participants were randomized into two groups based on attachment pickup technique: digital group (n = 8) received a milled overdenture base with digital pickup before the jaw relation record, and intraoral group (n = 8) received a milled overdenture base with intraoral …

Erratum To "Fracture Resistance Of Monolithic Zirconia Restorations After Endodontic Access Cavity Preparation: Effect Of Repair Method"

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

No abstract for this article type

Erratum To " [Survival Rate And Prognostic Criteria In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Retrospective Analysis"

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

No abstract for this article type

Developing And Evaluating A Young Adult Peer Mentor Training Program, Jean L Raphael, Albert C Hergenroeder, Rachel S Wolfe, Sarah C Graham, Constance M Wiemann

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Improving self-management skills for adolescents and emerging adults (AEA) with chronic health conditions is critical for successful transition to adult-based care. Peer-mentoring has been effective in improving the self-management skills of AEA. However, the components of training a successful young adult peer mentors (YAPM), especially interpersonal aspects of the role, such as communication skills and navigating mentee ambivalence are not well understood. This descriptive study created and pilot-tested a training curriculum for YAPM as part of a larger study to build self-management skills in the context of healthcare transition from pediatric to adult care. Five YAPM completed the training curriculum. …

When Targeted Gene Testing Falls Short: Case Report Of A Novel Slc4a3 F347s Genetic Variant Associated With Short Qt Syndrome, Connor A Bell, Emily M Bland, Christina Y Miyake

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Improving Compliance With Safe Sleep Guidelines For Vulnerable Patients In A Community Safety Net Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Thomas Lu, Kelsi Morgan, Ashlee Smith-Patel, Kelli Phillips, Joseph Hagan, Pablo Lohmann, Caraciolo Fernandes, Lisa Owens, Daniela Dinu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) often coexists with fetal growth restriction (FGR). The observed-to-expected (O/E) total fetal lung volume (TFLV) is used to assess CDH severity, predict outcomes, and direct fetal interventions. Expected TFLV measurements traditionally rely only on gestation age (GA). This simulation assesses how incorporating weight-adjusted GA norms affects O/E TFLV calculations in patients with isolated CDH and FGR.

Methods: A simulated dataset (n=1,005) utilized published mean fetal weight and TFLV references. Computer-generated variables included observed weights (3rd-10th %ile), O/E TFLV (10-65 %), and percent liver herniation (0-42 %). GA estimates were corrected by weight and used to …

Tracheobronchial Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma In Four Pediatric Patients, Manuel Silva-Carmona, Eric D Zee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Pediatric tracheobronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), also called pulmonary MEC, is a rare malignant primary lung neoplasm that is typically found in the large airways. Patients may present with symptoms such as cough, pneumonia, fever, hemoptysis, dyspnea, wheezing, chest pain, weight loss, and fatigue. These nonspecific symptoms (or lack of symptoms in some cases) often result in a delayed diagnosis. Chest CT typically demonstrates findings consistent with bronchial obstruction and diagnosis is made via histopathology. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment and children often have favorable outcomes. Here we present four cases of tracheobronchial MEC in children treated at three …

Injuries In Children Undergoing Subspecialty Abuse Evaluations Because Of Intimate Partner Violence, Jan Leonard, Kristine A Campbell, Daniel M Lindberg, Angela N Bachim, Farah W Brink, Lori D Frasier, Nancy S Harper, Claire Hickey, Natalie Laub, John D Melville, Hannah Sahud, Philip V Scribano

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and objectives: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and child physical abuse often co-occur, but the frequency and risk factors for abusive injuries in IPV-exposed children remain unknown. Our objectives were to (1) determine frequency of skeletal surveys (SSs) and neuroimaging use because of IPV and their diagnostic value in children aged less than 24 months evaluated by a child abuse pediatrics specialist (CAP) and (2) identify factors associated with performance of and findings on SS and neuroimaging.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of children aged less than 24 months undergoing CAP consultations because of IPV exposure from February 2021 …

Performance And Improvement Strategies For Adapting Generative Large Language Models For Electronic Health Record Applications: A Systematic Review, Ya-Wen Chuang, Yiming Li, Richard Yang, Pengyu Hong, David W Bates, Li Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: To synthesize performance and improvement strategies for adapting generative LLMs in EHR analyses and applications.

Methods: We followed the PRISMA guidelines to conduct a systematic review of articles from PubMed and Web of Science published between January 1, 2023 and November 9, 2024. Multiple reviewers including biomedical informaticians and a clinician involved in the article reviewing process. Studies were included if they used generative LLMs to analyze real-world EHR data and reported quantitative performance evaluations for an improvement technique. The review identified key clinical applications, summarized performance and the improvement strategies.

Results: Of the 18,735 articles retrieved, 196 met …