Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Population Pharmacokinetic Model For Simvastatin And Its Metabolites In Children And Adolescents., Kayode Ogungbenro, Jonathan B. Wagner, Susan M. Abdel-Rahman, J Steven Leeder, Aleksandra Galetin

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

PURPOSE: Poor adherence to dietary/behaviour modifications as interventions for hypercholesterolemia in paediatric patients often necessitates the initiation of statin therapy. The aim of this study was to develop a joint population pharmacokinetic model for simvastatin and four metabolites in children and adolescents to investigate sources of variability in simvastatin acid exposure in this patient population, in addition to SLCO1B1 genotype status.

METHODS: Plasma concentrations of simvastatin and its four metabolites, demographic and polymorphism data for OATP1B1 and CYP3A5 were analysed utilising a population pharmacokinetic modelling approach from an existing single oral dose (10 mg < 17 years and 20 mg ≥ 18 years) pharmacokinetic dataset of 32 children and adolescents.

RESULTS: The population PK model included …

Association Of Total Zinc Intake With Myopia In U.S. Children And Adolescents, Niamh Burke, John Butler, Daniel Ian Flitcroft, Daniel Mccartney, James Loughman

Articles

Significance: This present study advances our knowledge on the role of lifestyle factors in myopia (short-sightedness), specifically dietary factors. It has been suggested in previous studies that lower zinc status is associated with myopia; however, this article shows no relationship between dietary zinc intake and myopia in U.S. adolescents. Purpose: It has been suggested that low zinc levels may contribute to the development of myopia. The aim of the present study is to examine, for the first time in a Western population, the association of total dietary and supplement zinc intake with myopia. Methods: A total of 1095 children/adolescents aged …

Exercising Choice And Control: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Of Perspectives Of People With A Spinal Cord Injury, Carolyn M. Murray, Gisela Van Kessel, Michelle Guerin, Susan Hillier, Mandy Stanley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVE: To systematically search the literature and construct a meta-synthesis of how choice and control are perceived by people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

DATA SOURCES: Medline, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, HealthSource, ProQuest, PsychInfo, SAGE, and SCOPUS were searched from 1980 until September 2018 including all languages. Reference lists of selected studies were also reviewed.

STUDY SELECTION: Eligible qualitative studies included perspectives about choice of control as reported by people with an SCI. Studies were excluded if they included perspectives from other stakeholder groups. A total of 6706 studies were screened for title and abstract and full text …

Testosterone Replacement For Male Military Personnel - A Potential Countermeasure To Reduce Injury And Improve Performance Under Extreme Conditions, Nicolas H. Hart, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Tactical operators, inclusive of soldiers in the military, are reliant upon their physiological and psychological state in often volatile and extreme life or death situations that require correct decisions and precise actions to ensure operational success with minimal collateral damage. Accordingly, the development of physical and mental resilience are hallmarks of prophylactic and remedial programs designed to ensure military personnel are combat ready, thus optimising their capacity to perform at expert levels, while reducing their risk of injury or the severity of injury sustained...

Healthcare Quality Improvement: Then And Now, Patricia S. Schroeder, Lenard L. Parisi, Rhonda Foster

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Surgical Configurations Of The Pectoralis Major Flap For Reconstruction Of Sternoclavicular Defects: A Systematic Review And New Classification Of Described Techniques, Jude Opoku-Agyeman, David Matera, Jamee Simone

Plastic Surgery Resident Research

The pectoralis major flap has been considered the workhorse flap for chest and sternoclavicular defect reconstruction. There have been many configurations of the pectoralis major flap reported in the literature for use in reconstruction sternoclavicular defects either involving bone, soft tissue elements, or both. This study reviews the different configurations of the pectoralis major flap for sternoclavicular defect reconstruction and provides the first ever classification for these techniques. We also provide an algorithm for the selection of these flap variants for sternoclavicular defect reconstruction.

METHODS:

EMBASE, Cochrane library, Ovid medicine and PubMed databases were searched from its inception to August …

The Social Cost Of Pain: Rejection Sensitivity, Social Rejection, And Cannabis Use In Young Adults, Naomi Dambreville

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Cannabis has been implicated in relieving distress and social pain, an important area of research in young adult samples, given the saliency of peer and social networks to addiction. Cannabis, via opioid pathways, has been shown to reduce, or potentially buffer, the effects of social pain and rejection. Thus, cannabis may be protective against the painful feelings of social stress, particularly for heavier or more frequent users. However, findings are not wholly positive, as other research indicates cannabis may blunt affective responses and impair social processing. The effects of cannabis use in young adults are understudied, as well as its …

Does A Professional Code Of Ethics Matter?, Kathryn Schroeter

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Addressing Childhood Undernutrition And Development Through Education And Lipid-Based Supplements, Jai K. Das, Rehana Salam

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Shingrix Education For Providers, Lindsey Hanks Buzzeo

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Shingles is a prevalent disease within the overall population, and incidence in North America continues to increase. Shingles is commonly found in older adults 60 years of age and older and can recur two or three times. Shingrix was released in 2017 as a recombinant vaccine for prevention of shingles. Despite its benefits, this vaccine has not been recommended by many prescribing providers. Research has shown that an effective education program improves attitudes and misconceptions related to vaccines and can increase prescribing rates. An education program was created to share with prescribing providers to improve overall knowledge and recommendation rates …

Development Of A Novel Tool For Assessing Coverage Of Implementation Factors In Health Promotion Program Resources., Carolina M. Bejarano, Kelli Snow, Hannah Lane, Hannah Calvert, Kate Hoppe, Nicole Alfonsin, Lindsey Turner, Jordan A. Carlson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Peripheral Vascular Injuries - Not To Miss Or Mess Them!, Zia Ur Rehman

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.

Variations In 25-Hydroxyvitamin D In Countries From The Middle East And Europe: The Roles Of Uvb Exposure And Diet, William B. Grant, Hana M.A. Fakhoury, Spyridon N. Karras, Fatme Al Anouti, Harjit P. Bhattoa

All Works

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has been largely associated with latitude and sunshine exposure across several regions. According to previous results, 25(OH)D concentrations are, on average, relatively low in countries with abundant sunshine, including those of the Middle East and North Africa region, as well as lower-latitude Europe. The standard explanation for this phenomenon is that people wear concealing clothing because of cultural and religious practices and that high temperatures in summer limit direct sun exposure. However, the role of diet in the development of profound hypovitaminosis D has not been adequately …

The Lived Experience Of Spirituality In The Lives Of Caribbean Men, Camille A. O. Hamilton

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This is a qualitative phenomenological study exploring the lived experience of spirituality in the lives of English-speaking Caribbean men, aged 40-60 years old, living with chronic illness and residing in the United States. In this study Caribbean men living with chronic illness are asked to reflect on their lived experiences and evolution of the experienced phenomenon of spirituality. A purposive sample of eleven English-speaking men from the Caribbean, living with chronic illness were recruited and interviewed for this study. Max van Manen’s 1997 Methodological Structure of Human Science Research was used as the phenomenological guide. The exploration uncovered 4 essential …

Emotion Processing Deficits In Psychopathy: Does Cueing To Relevant Facial Features Increase Cognitive And Emotional Empathy?, Shawn E. Fagan

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Psychopathy is a multifaceted disorder characterized by a lack of cognitive and emotional empathy. The traditional model of psychopathy divides the disorder into two factors: Factor 1 consists of the interpersonal and affective traits of psychopathy while Factor 2 measures antisocial behaviors and lifestyle choices. The attention-to-the-eyes hypothesis argues that psychopathic individuals have impaired emotion recognition (specifically for fear) due to deficits in orienting attention to salient facial features like the eyes. Psychopathic individuals also display blunted autonomic responding to emotional stimuli, though whether this is due to attention-orienting deficits remains to be clarified. The present project investigated whether empathy-related …

Impact Of Religiosity And Level Of Acculturation On Cultural Alignment: An Exploration Of Terror Management Mechanisms Among Muslim American Women, Farah T. Goheer

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

ABSTRACT

Impact of Religiosity and Level of Acculturation on Cultural Alignment: An Exploration of Terror Management Mechanisms among Muslim American Women

by

Farah Taha Goheer, M.A.

Advisor: Joel Sneed, Ph.D.

Background: Terror management theory (TMT) is based upon the notion that human beings require ongoing psychological protection from the unyielding, existential threat of death. A large body of evidence has shown that human beings manage death-related terror by aligning with and endorsing the dominant views of their cultural worldviews. Notably, as immigrants experience a new culture, worldviews become rearticulated to incorporate elements of host and heritage cultures. However, it is …

A Musician Centered Toolkit For Audiologists, Ava Bonavita

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The toolkit for audiologists working with musicians includes a set of materials for use in a musician centered audiology practice. Given the rise in streaming of music by individuals of all ages and the recognition of susceptibility of musicians to hearing loss, the prevalence of hearing loss is on the rise necessitating the need for materials and protocols to better protect, educate, and treat music lovers of all ages who may be prone to hearing loss. Music induced hearing loss typically falls under the category of recreational noise exposure, a subset of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). Musicians are the …

Exploration Of The Inhibitory Properties Of The Nucleoside Antibiotic Salicyl-Ams And Analogues Targeting Siderophore Biosynthesis In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Glennon Bythrow

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a resilient, obligate bacterial pathogen responsible for pulmonary tuberculosis disease (TB), that has upheld a significant impact on global public health throughout history. The World Health Organization (WHO) approximates nearly 10 million new TB cases arose in 2017 alone, accounting for 1.6 million deaths. There has been a notable rise in TB cases produced by multidrug‑resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Mtb. This, along with the intrinsic resistance of Mtb to many standard drugs and poor patient compliance, is deeply impacting global control of TB. Among the several strategies currently in …

Integration Of Suboptimal Health Status Evaluation As A Criterion For Prediction Of Preeclampsia Is Strongly Recommended For Healthcare Management In Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study In A Ghanaian Population, Enoch Odame Anto, Peter Roberts, David Coall, Cornelius Archer Turpin, Eric Adua, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Normotensive pregnancy may develop into preeclampsia (PE) and other adverse pregnancy complications (APCs), for which the causes are still unknown. Suboptimal health status (SHS), a physical state between health and disease, might contribute to the development and progression of PE. By integration of a routine health measure in this Ghanaian Suboptimal Health Cohort Study, we explored the usefulness of a 25-question item SHS questionnaire (SHSQ-25) for early screening and prediction of normotensive pregnant women (NTN-PW) likely to develop PE. Methods: We assessed the overall health status among a cohort of 593 NTN-PW at baseline (10–20 weeks gestation) and followed …

Prevalence Of Canine Parvovirus And Rotavirus With Diarrhea In Western Taiwan, Chiu-Huang Ting, Chia-Ying Lin, Hung-Yi Wu, Hung-Yi Wu, Yueh-Fang Lee, Ching-Dong Chang, Shyh-Shyan Liu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In this study, we investigated the prevalence of Diarrhea pathogens in pet dogs referred to as Canine Parvovirus (CPV) and Canine Rotavirus (CRV)in western Taiwan using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Fecalsampleswere collected from240 dogs which have the symptomsofdiarrhea examined bythe veterinaryhospitals from March 2015 to March 2017.The PCR sensitivityof total DNAs extracted from 0.1g fecal samples rangedfrom 10ng to100 ng. The prevalence of CPV and CRV infections were23.3% (56/240) and 9.2% (22/240)respectively.The related analysis between prevalence rates and the epidemiological data of pet dogs were correlated with the age, season,area, vaccinationandbreed. The results showed that both the diseases have the …

Validation Of Commercially Available Eia Kit For Measurement Of Feline Plasma Kisspeptin, Prattana Tanyapanyachon, Junpen Suwimonteerabutr, Olga Amelkina, Kaywalee Chatdarong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Circulating kisspeptin is described to be related with the reproductive system. Astudy of plasma kisspeptin levels, thus, willprovide the better understanding of reproductive endocrinology in the domestic cat. The present study aimed (i) to validate the only available commercial kisspeptin EIA kit which is currently used in humansto be used in domestic catsand (ii) to determine and compare the plasma kisspeptin levels at different reproductive stages. The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 11.13%. The inter-assay CV ranged from 5.00 –8.25%. The parallel graphs represented the homology between human kisspeptin and feline endogenous kisspeptin. The recovery rate ranged from 78% …

Development Of Business Models For Indigenous Genetic Improvement In Small Ruminant Farms Through Reproductive Biotechnology, Sarawanee Khunmanee, Theerawat Swangchan-Uthai, Junpen Suwimonteerabutr, Pintira Thiangthientham, Sanya Supappornchai, Mongkol Techakumphu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to establish a business model of reproductive biotechnology in small ruminant. Sets of questionnaires were administered to interview 115 farmers from different regions in Thailand. Data including age, educational background, farm size and type, source of replacement breeders, breeding technology, farm problems and attitude toward the technology were collected. Logistic regression analysis along with neutral network analysis was used to identify factors associated technology interest with P< 0.05. Results showed that among 115 participants, 72.2% were interested in reproductive biotechnology. In univariate logistic regression analysis, farmer’s age [OR=0.96, 95% CI (0.93,1.00)], educational background [OR=1.17, 95% CI (0.13,0.80)], production problems [OR=1.28, 95% CI (1.12,1.478)] and marketing problems [OR=1.40, 95% CI (1.18,1.67)] were independently associated with technology interest (P< 0.05). Similar to the neural network analysis, farmer’s age, overall farm problems, marketing problems, production problems and educational background were the primary factors influencing technology interest of farmers. Next, the data from 18 semi-structured interviews were interpreted to establish suggested business models of reproductive biotechnology package. This indicated that a single business model could not fit the expectation of all farmers. Thus, six business models were established and 2 models were initially implemented in 7 farms with a moderate successful rate. In conclusion, the implement ofreproductive biotechnology in small ruminant farm should be addressed to the young farmers with high education to improve the animal genetic value and sustain their livelihoods. However, the different farm managements play a key role in the success of these business models.

Investigation Of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (Esbl)- Producing Escherichia Coli And Antimicrobial Resistance In Dogs With Periodontal Disease, Jirapa Thepmanee, Jutamart Rodroo, Nattakarn Awaiwanont, Montira Intanon, Kannika Na Lampang, Niyada Thitaram, Kriangkrai Thongkorn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Oral and faecalsamples were collected from thirty four dogs with periodontal disease in Chiang Mai, Thailand to investigate the prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase -producing E. coli(ESBL-EC) and to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolatesagainst 12 antimicrobial agents. Ten of thirty-four dogs (29.41%) were positive for ESBL-EC, one dog (2.94%) was positive from an oral sample and nine dogs (26.47%) were positive from faecal samples. All ESBL-EC isolates were multi-drug resistant (i.e. against ≥ 3 antimicrobial classes). All isolates were 100% resistant to Ampicillin, Cefazolin, Cephalexin, Ciprofloxacin and Clindamycin, and 100% susceptible to Imipenem. AMP-AMC-KZ-CL-ATM-DO-CIP-SXT-DA was the most …

Gene Expression Profiling Of Ngf, Bdnf, Nt-3 And Trkb Receptor In The Development Of Prehierarchical Follicles Of Zi Geese (Anser Cygnoides), Cornelius Tlotliso Sello, Chang Liu, Yujian Sui, Hui Yang, Ziqiu Wang, Hongtao Lu, Jingtao Hu, Yongfeng Sun

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The expression patterns of neurotrophins(NTs) at the gene and protein level including nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3),and TrkB receptor were investigated in the prehierarchical follicles of Zi Geese by RT-qPCR and Western blotting analysis. The mRNA levels of NGF, BDNF, NT-3and TrkBreceptor increased significantly in the small white follicles (SWF), and more interesting by BDNFand NT-3transcripts were not detectable in small yellow follicles (SYF) marked as the last stage of prehierarchical ovarian development before transition into preovulatory follicles. Western blot revealed the presence of all the target neurotrophins and high-affinity receptor at the protein level …

Screening Antimicrobial Properties Against Mastitis Pathogens Of Turmeric Extract After Combination With Various Antiseptics, Wasana Chaisri, Noppason Pangprasit, Anyaphat Srithanasuwan, Montira Intanon, Witaya Suriyasathaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to determine the screening for antimicrobial properties against mastitis pathogens of turmeric extract in combination with various antiseptics. The antibacterial effects of turmeric extract in combination with various antiseptics (5% povidone iodine, 0.5% v/v hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 0.5% v/v chlorine (Cl2), and 0.5% v/v chlorhexidine) were determined using the agar welldiffusion method. Results showed that additional turmeric extract had significantly decreased the antimicrobial activities of either Cl2or chlorhexidine against almost all mastitis pathogens, except S. agalactiaefor Cl2 and gram negative bacteria for chlorhexidine. In contrast, no negative effect was found between turmeric extract and …

Comparison Of Different Methods For Sperm Vitality Assessment In Frozen-Thawed Holstein Bull Semen, Kakanang Buranaamnuay

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study evaluated the accuracy of four methods, i.e. eosin-nigrosin, trypan blue, hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) and Hoechst 33342 (H342)/propidium iodide (PI) for assessing bovine sperm vitality. Frozen-thawed semen (n = 30) of Holstein bulls was layeredon 40%/80% percoll solutions to isolate viable spermatozoa. An aliquot of viable spermatozoa was kept at 37°C (live sample); the rest was submitted to cold shock (dead sample). The two aliquots were mixed in three proportions, corresponding to 0%, 50% and100% of viable cells; the sperm vitality was analyzed. The percentages of viable spermatozoa evaluated with the four methods significantly correlated with the …

A Feasibility Of Ultrasonographic Assessment For Femoral Trochlear Depth And Articular Cartilage Thickness In Canine Cadavers, Phuangporn Boonchaikitanan, Nan Choisunirachon, Kumpanart Soontornvipart

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Trochleoplastyor trochlear groove deepening is one of surgical correction techniques for patellar luxation (PL) that caused cartilage alterations of the distal femur and this technique may not be always necessary. To evaluate trochlear groove for PL correction preoperative planning, several diagnostic image techniques have been applied. In this study, ultrasonography (USG) was introduced in the trochlear evaluation as pre-operative planning because it’s user-friendly and radiationless. USG imaging of 22 distal femurs from small breed of canine cadavers were evaluated for trochlear groove depth (TGD) and trochlear cartilage thicknesses (CT) at medial condyle (MCCT), femoral groove (FGCT) and lateral condyle (LCCT), …

Effect Of Oxidized Soybean Oil On The Immune Response To Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Modified Live Virus Vaccine In Nursery Pigs, Alongkot Boonsoongnern, Pichai Jirawattanapong, Win Surachetpong, Prapassorn Boonsoongnern, Pariwat Poolperm

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study evaluated the effect of oxidized soybean oil on the immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome modified live vaccine (PRRS-MLV), and the oxidative stress status in nursery pigs.Seventycastrated weaned pigs, from a free PRRS virus infected herd, were divided into two groups: treatment group (n=63) and control group (n=7). The treatment pigs were vaccinated with the PRRS-MLV and then divided into three groups based on different diet types containing different soybean oils: (A) 5% fresh oil, (B) 5% heated oil for 43 h, and (C) 5% heated oil for 38 h. The control pigs were not vaccinated …

The Use Of B-Scan Coupling With A-Scan Ultrasonography To Characterize Ocular Biometry In Canine Absolute Glaucoma, Napasorn Ngamrojanavanit, Natthaporn Tanthasathien, Nirachon Srisamai, Suchaya Taotongnuntasin, Panrawee Phoomvuthisarn, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was to investigate intraocular structures of canine absolute glaucomatous eyes using real time B-scan ultrasonography in accordance with the amplitude mode. Ten normal eyes and twenty absolute glaucomatous eyes were included in this study. Ocular biometry via closed-eye technique was performed usingthe Ultrascan®Imaging System (Alcon Surgical Laboratory,Fort Worth, USA), with a 10 MHz mechanical sector probe. Changes of intraocular structures were descriptively analyzed. Ocular biometry was measured, statistically analyzed and compared between both groups. While mean lens thickness was comparable betweennormotensive and glaucomatous eyes, mean lens equatorial length was higher in the latter group. Increased hyperechogenicity of lens …

The Expression Of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase In Canine Oral Tumors, Nan Choisunirachon, Urapa Klansnoh, Panrawee Phoomvuthisarn, Sirinun Pisamai, Chutimon Thanaboonnipat, Anudep Rungsipipat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been reported to be a prognostic indicator of human malignant melanoma (MM), lymphoma, renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer. In veterinary medicine, elevation of serum LDH has been reported in canine lymphoma and mammary gland tumors. However, the expression of the LDH in oral tumor-bearing dogs has not been elucidated. In this study, serum LDH levels were evaluated and compared between healthy dogs (control; n = 20) and oral tumor-bearing dogs (n = 34). Half of the tumor-bearing dogs (17dogs) had oral MM, followed by 6 dogs with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 4 dogs with …