Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of The 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines On Hypertension In Children And Adolescents: A Commentary, Bonita Falkner

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Dean's Update, August 2019, Jerry L. Nadler

SOM Dean's Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Correlates Of Same-Sex Behavior Disclosure To Health Care Providers Among Black Msm In The United States: Implications For Hiv Prevention, Christina J. Sun, Karin Tobin, Pilgrim Spikes, Carl Latkin

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Disclosure of same-sex behavior to health care providers (HCPs) by men who have sex with men (MSM) has been argued to be an important aspect of HIV prevention. However, Black MSM are less likely to disclose compared to white MSM. This analysis of data collected in the United States from 2006–2009 identified individual and social network characteristics of Black MSM (n = 226) that are associated with disclosure that may be leveraged to increase disclosure. Over two-thirds (68.1%) of the sample had ever disclosed to HCPs. Part-time employment (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.11–0.95), bisexual identity (AOR = …

Clinical Practice Variation Among Adult Infectious Disease Physicians In The Management Of Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia, Catherine Liu, Luke Strnad, Susan E. Beekmann, Philip M. Polgreen, Henry F. Chambers

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Infectious disease management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) was surveyed through the Emerging Infections Network. While there were areas of consensus, we found substantial practice variation in diagnostic evaluation and management of adult patients with SAB. These findings highlight opportunities for further research and guidance to define best practices.

The Underlying Psychophysiology Of Pedophilic Disorder And The Implications For Treatment Approaches, Tonise Florexil

Dissertations

Sexual crimes are a persistent and significant social dilemma that continues to plague our society (Lee, Jackson, Pattison, & Ward,2002). Past research has made considerable advancements in terms of the types of interventions that clinicians can utilize when they work with individuals who have a history of child sexual offenses. However, current literature lacks an understanding of the risk factors that influence the development of Pedophilic Disorder. A history of sexual trauma also affects families. The children of traumatized individuals have more adjustment difficulties than their counterparts who did not have a parent(s) with a sexual trauma history. This clinical …

Use Of The Spiritual Development Framework In Conducting Spirituality And Health Research With Adolescents, Dora L. Clayton-Jones, Kristin Haglund, Jame Schaefer, Harold C. Koenig, Safiya George Dalmida

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Spirituality is considered a universal phenomenon, but research addressing the spiritual needs of adolescents in the context of health and illness is limited. The aim of this article is to provide a description of how the spiritual development framework (SDF) was used in conducting research with adolescents. An exemplar of a qualitative descriptive study is provided to demonstrate applicability of the SDF. The SDF was used as a guiding theoretical framework in conducting research with adolescents living with sickle cell disease. The SDF is culturally applicable and methodologically appropriate. Additional research applying the SDF is warranted.

Ethics At Work: What Nurses Really Do On The Job, Kathryn Schroeter

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of Simulation Use In United States Prelicensure Nursing Programs, Cynthia Sherraden Bradley, Brandon Kyle Johnson, Kristina Dreifuerst, Patti White, Susan Kata Conde, Colleen H. Meakim, Kim Curry-Lourenco, Reba Moyer Childress

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Simulation usage has proliferated throughout nursing education. Although nursing programs have sought integration of simulation to substitute traditional clinical learning hours, the variability of regulations between states raises questions about consistency of learner outcomes.

Methods

The Boards of Nursing (BONs) of the United States and the District of Columbia were queried by internet, phone, and email to discover regulations and guidelines for the use of simulation in nursing education.

Results

More than half of the BONs reported regulations for simulation use, but they varied greatly. Some had regulations defining a percentage of traditional clinical hours that could be replaced …

The Benefits And Burdens Of Pediatric Palliative Care And End-Of-Life Research: A Systematic Review, Meaghann S. Weaver, Kim Mooney-Doyle, Katherine Patterson Kelly, Kathleen Montgomery, Amy Rose Newman, Christine A. Fortney, Cynthia J. Bell, Jessica L. Spruit, Melissa Kurtz Uveges, Lori Wiener, Cynthia M. Schmidt, Vannessa N. Madrigal, Pamela S. Hinds

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: The aim of this study is to report the benefits and burdens of palliative research participation on children, siblings, parents, clinicians, and researchers.

Background: Pediatric palliative care requires research to mature the science and improve interventions. A tension exists between the desire to enhance palliative and end-of-life care for children and their families and the need to protect these potentially vulnerable populations from untoward burdens.

Methods: Systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines with prepared protocol registered as PROSPERO #CRD42018087304. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library were searched (2000–2017). English-language studies depicting the benefits or burdens of palliative …

Similar Muscular Adaptations In Resistance Training Performed Two Versus Three Days Per Week, Thiago Lasevicius, Brad Jon Schoenfeld, Jozo Grgic, Gilberto Laurentino, Lucas Duarte Tavares, Valmor Tricoli

Publications and Research

The purpose of the present study was to compare changes in muscle strength and hypertrophy between volume-equated resistance training (RT) performed 2 versus 3 times per week in trained men. Thirty-six resistance-trained men were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental groups: a split-body training routine (SPLIT) with muscle groups trained twice per week (n = 18) over four weekly sessions, or a total-body routine (TOTAL), with muscle groups being trained three times per week (n = 18) over three weekly sessions. The training intervention lasted 10 weeks. Testing was carried out pre- and post-study to assess maximal muscular …

Effect Of Finish Line Design And Metal Alloy On The Marginal And Internal Gaps Of Selective Laser Melting Printed Copings, Adel Al Maaz, Geoffrey A. Thompson, Carl Drago, Hongseok An, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Selective laser melting (SLM) technology has been introduced for printing metal dental restorations from Co-Cr base alloys or Au-Pt high noble alloys. However, information regarding the fit of restorations fabricated by using this technique is limited.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of 3 different finish line designs on the marginal and internal gaps of metal copings made from a base (Co-Cr), high noble (Au-Pd-Ag), and noble alloy (Co-Pd) by using the SLM technology.

Material and methods

Three Ivorine right maxillary central incisors were prepared with a chamfer, deep chamfer, …

Temperature And Ph-Responsive Nano-Hydrogel Drug Delivery System Based On Lysine-Modified Poly (Vinylcaprolactam), Fatemeh Farjadian, Somayeh Rezaeifard, Mahsa Naeimi, Sahar Ghasemi, Soliman Mohammadi-Samani, Mark E. Welland, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Smart materials capable of responding to external stimuli are noteworthy candidates in designing drug delivery systems. In many of the recent research, temperature and pH have been recognized as the main stimulating factors in designing systems for anti-cancer drugs delivery systems.

Purpose: In this study, thermo and pH-responsive character of a nano-carrier drug delivery platform based on lysine modified poly (vinylcaprolactam) hydrogel conjugated with doxorubicin was assessed.

Methods: Poly (vinylcaprolactam) cross-linked with poly (ethyleneglycol) diacrylate was prepared via RAFT polymerization, and the prepared structure was linked with lysine through ring-opening. The anti-cancer drug doxorubicin, was linked to lysine moiety …

Piloting A Cooking Demonstration Curriculum For Dietetics Students, Jill Henderson

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Cooking demonstrations are a unique and effective way to teach nutritional concepts and basic cooking skills in a community setting. They have been found to be beneficial for participants in attendance as they improve confidence in the kitchen, cooking skills development, and the promotion of healthier foods into the diet. Classroom learning facilitates critical thinking but does not necessarily provide a platform for hands-on learning. In planning and executing community-involved cooking demonstrations, students are able to connect content learned in the classroom to professional practice. Over the last decade the field of dietetics has involved more community-based programs designed to …

Investigation Of Riluzole’S Synaptic Protection Mechanism Through Hsf1-Bdnf Axis, Yi Zhang

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The FDA-approved amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) drug Riluzole has great potential in treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD) based on promising animal data as well as its known action on modulating synaptic transmission. However, its detailed mechanism of action is not fully understood. Here, we proposed work aiming to address this aspect via focus- ing on the Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1)-dependent mechanisms. We found that Riluzole could increase HSF1 and BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) expression both at transcriptional and translational levels. CA1 (Cornu Ammonia, the first region in the hip- pocampal circuit), is its main target. We also demonstrated a protective …

Fear Learning And The Olfactory Bulb: Neural Correlates Of Behavioral Fear Generalization, Jordan Marie Ross

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The exploration of how learning alters neural coding to guide behaviors remains fundamental to neuroscience. At the most basic level, the ability for organisms to flexibly adapt to changing environments and situations is paramount to biological success and often manifests in behavioral responses controlled by neural activity. For example, organisms must modify their behavior to defensive responses in the face of biological threat. Neural circuitry is involved in coordinating an initial defensive behavioral response but must undergo reorganization in order to reliably employ defensive responses in subsequent encounters based on a cue that signals imminent danger. One such form of …

A Cross Sectional Study Of Medical Students’ Perception Of Their Educational Environment In Ghana, Temitope Ade-Oshifogun, Jean Amost Cadet, Jochebed B. Ade-Oshifogun

Faculty Publications

Background: The quality of medical education is affected by many factors, one of which is the educational environment of medical education. However, there is paucity of studies addressing the educational environment from African medical schools. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical year students’ perceptions of their educational environment at a medical school in Ghana. This was done with the goal of identifying factors that may impact positive changes in the school. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken using the DREEM questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered to students in clinical years 1, 2, & 3 at the …

Intervention Principles In Pediatric Health Care: The Difference Between Physicians And The State., D. Robert Macdougall

Publications and Research

According to various accounts, intervention in pediatric decisions is justified either by the best interests standard or by the harm principle. While these principles have various nuances that distinguish them from each other, they are similar in the sense that both focus primarily on the features of parental decisions that justify intervention, rather than on the competency or authority of the parties that intervene. Accounts of these principles effectively suggest that intervention in pediatric decision making is warranted for both physicians and the state under precisely the same circumstances. This essay argues that there are substantial differences in the competencies …

Comprehensive Staff Education And Implementation Of A Checklist Tool To Increase Staff Adherence To Pitocin Titration Protocols, Tara N. Cassell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This quality improvement project was designed to increase staff adherence to an existing Pitocin titration protocol used in a labor and delivery unit at a community hospital. In the current U.S. health care climate, safe patient care is paramount and the Institute for Safe Medication Practices identified Pitocin as a high-alert medication. Evidence-based practice recommends the use of a titration protocol to guide proper use of Pitocin. Prior research has shown improvements in patient outcomes when facilities implement Pitocin titration protocols, with staff adherence key to the successful implementation of evidence-based titration protocols, which may be improved with the use …

Primary Care Providers' Attitudes And Practices Regarding Cancer Screening In Older Adults., Randa Sifri, Brooke Salzman, Amy Cunningham, Alexis Silverio, Madalene Zale, Christine Talerico

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

Introduction: Cancer-screening decisions for older adults should be individualized. However, conducting such complex shared decisions may be challenging for primary care providers (PCPs). Additionally, there is little information on how PCPs make these decisions. This study consisted of a provider survey and chart review to assess current PCP approaches to breast and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with patients age ≥75.

Methods: PCP survey questions: panel age, comfort with discussion of screening harms and benefits, screening decision-making process, and discussion style. One Hundred charts were chosen from a random sample of male and female patients ≥75 with a recent office …

Transfusion Ratios Following Activation Of A Massive Transfusion Protocol: An Evidence Based Practice Project, Cody Woodbury, Kenn B Daratha

Books, Presentations, Posters, Etc.

Background Accidental injury is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and worldwide. Severe hemorrhage from injury is the leading cause of preventable death. Effective management of hemorrhaging trauma patients has been evolving since the early 1900’s. Recent studies have demonstrated the benefits of using a balanced resuscitation technique, revolving around the goal of recreating whole blood. The purpose of this project was to identify what ratios of blood products are being transfused at Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center (PSHMC) and Providence Holy Family Hospital (PHFH).

Methods A literature review was performed identifying seven high quality …

Newly Defined Atp-Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 5 Positive Dermal Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Healing Of Chronic Iron-Overload Wounds Via Secretion Of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, Seppe Vander Beken, Juliane C. De Vries, Barbara Meier-Schiesser, Patrick Meyer, Dongsheng Jiang, Anca Sindrilaru, Filipa F. Ferreira, Adelheid Hainzl, Susanne Schatz, Jana Muschhammer, Natalie J. Scheurmann, Panagiotis Kampilafkos, Andreas M. Seitz, Lutz Dürselen, Anita Ignatius, Mark A. Kluth, Christoph Ganss, Meinhard Wlaschek, Karmveer Singh, Pallab Maity, Natasha Y. Frank, Markus H. Frank, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In this study, we report the beneficial effects of a newly identified dermal cell subpopulation expressing the ATP‐binding cassette subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) for the therapy of nonhealing wounds. Local administration of dermal ABCB5⁺‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) attenuated macrophage‐dominated inflammation and thereby accelerated healing of full‐thickness excisional wounds in the iron‐overload mouse model mimicking the nonhealing state of human venous leg ulcers. The observed beneficial effects were due to interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RA) secreted by ABCB5⁺‐derived MSCs, which dampened inflammation and shifted the prevalence of unrestrained proinflammatory M1 macrophages toward repair promoting anti‐inflammatory M2 …

Millennial Midwifery: Online Connectivity In Midwifery Education, Sadie Geraghty, Angela Bromley, Angela Bull, Mpho Dube, Cindy Turner

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore graduate midwives’ experiences of completing a Bachelor of Midwifery online theory course and how that experience led to preparation for practice and future employment as a midwife. Methods: This study used a questionnaire, with the core research design having a quantitative component using open-ended questions, via the use of an electronic platform. Results: The main themes emerging from the data that the graduates considered important issues were flexibility, isolation and lack of support. Conclusion: Course completion, experience of online learning/preparation for practice, and recommendations for improvement were identified as areas of …

Neoadjuvant Folfirinox In Patients With Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review And Patient-Level Meta-Analysis, Quisette P Janssen, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Et Al.

2010-2019 OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: FOLFIRINOX is a standard treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer patients. The effectiveness of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) remains debated.

METHODS: We performed a systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis on neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in patients with BRPC. Studies with BRPC patients who received FOLFIRINOX as first-line neoadjuvant treatment were included. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival, resection rate, R0 resection rate, and grade III-IV adverse events. Patient-level survival outcomes were obtained from authors of the included studies and analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTS: We included 24 studies …

The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly Behavior, Michal Lavi

Cardozo Law Review

Shaming is usually referred to as the publication of perceived anti-social or illegal behavior of an individual in order to condemn or humiliate him. It has some virtues: it makes it harder for people to get away with wrongful behavior, and it promotes justice. It also promotes freedom of expression and enables efficient deterrence. By spreading information on the behavior of individuals, shaming encourages one to maintain his reputation and facilitates beneficial transactions. Finally, it helps the public to avoid inefficient services.

Yet shaming raises many problems. Anyone can shame another based on individual, as opposed to universal, values, thus …

Early Life Child Micronutrient Status, Maternal Reasoning, And A Nurturing Household Environment Have Persistent Influences On Child Cognitive Development At Age 5 Years: Results From Mal-Ed, Benjamin J J. Mccormick, Stephanie A. Richard, Laura E. Caulfield, Laura L. Pendergast, Jessica C. Seidman, Beena Koshy, Reeba Roshan, Rita Shrestha, Erling Svensen, Muneera Rasheed

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Child cognitive development is influenced by early-life insults and protective factors. To what extent these factors have a long-term legacy on child development and hence fulfillment of cognitive potential is unknown.
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relation between early-life factors (birth to 2 y) and cognitive development at 5 y.
Methods: Observational follow-up visits were made of children at 5 y, previously enrolled in the community-based MAL-ED longitudinal cohort. The burden of enteropathogens, prevalence of illness, complementary diet intake, micronutrient status, and household and maternal factors from birth to 2 y were extensively measured …

An Educational Intervention To Raise Obesity Awareness, The Importance Of Follow-Up, And The Need To Utilize Recommended Strategies And Interventions Among Advanced Care Practitioners In A Sleep Center Setting, Cindy L. Thomas

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Obesity is a national epidemic that affects approximately 40% of adult Americans. A lack of advanced practitioner (AP) knowledge about obesity and follow-up may contribute to the obesity epidemic. Diagnosing obesity and beginning prompt weight loss (WL) management with the aim to prevent the development or progression of chronic illnesses associated with obesity is imperative. Research has shown that WL of 5% to 10% of initial body weight can reverse or reduce the onset of chronic illnesses. The purpose of this evidence-based practice (EBP) scholarly project was to raise the awareness of weight management resources among APs caring for patients …

Lehigh Valley Hospital–Hazleton Trauma Pi Process, Alexandra K. Evans

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Culturally Appropriate Education In Managing Hypertension In African Americans, Kristina Jones

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Abstract The historical treatment of African Americans with events such as the Tuskegee experiment and Jim Crow laws combined with distrust of the healthcare system may be affecting health outcomes in African Americans with hypertension. Cultural appropriate education by a provider of the same race is a method that can be utilized to bridge the trust gap between African Americans and providers and assist African Americans in managing their hypertension. A community based culturally appropriate educational intervention by a provider of the same race was implemented over the course of eight weeks to assist African Americans with hypertension to improve …

Mobile-Based Technology App Used To Improve Self-Care Management Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Fred Allen Smith Jr

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Billions of dollars are spent on diabetes in healthcare each year. Patients with lower socio-economic-status tend to have poor glycemic control, higher associated diabetic complications, and higher associated mortality rates. In underserved patients with type 2 diabetes, does utilization of a Diabetes app, compared to previous self-care management and clinic education, lower the Hemoglobin A1c over a 3-month period? A 3-month scholarly project was conducted in a small rural town in Virginia with an average median income around $17,000. N=21 were selected for the scholarly project. Inclusive criteria consisted of adults aged 19-70 years with a diagnosis of type 2 …

The Implementation Of The Teach-Back Method In Dash Diet Education To Improve Blood Pressure Control In Patients With Hypertension And Low Health Literacy, Patrice Helen Spencer

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Low health literacy is closely correlated with poorly-managed chronic disease conditions. Hypertension is a common chronic disease condition which can be better controlled through compliance with the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet; however, patients with low health literacy may have difficulty understanding the DASH diet without proper education. The teach-back method is an evidence-based education tool which can empower patients with low health literacy to better control the management of hypertension through adherence to the DASH diet. This is an evidence-based project which purposes to reveal the effectiveness of the teach-back method in providing DASH diet education in …