Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Identifying Occupational Therapy Role For Individuals In Substance Abuse And Addiction Recovery Programs, Tyler Cruz

Student Capstone Papers

The main purpose of this capstone project was to identify a potential occupational therapy role for the substance abuse and addiction population in residential treatment settings and advocate that role to various residential recovery programs.

A qualitative methods approach was used for this project that included direct observation and participant interviews. An observation chart tool was used to collect data and was later analyzed via thematic coding.

Occupational areas of leisure exploration and participation and social participation were found to be the two most common themes after data analysis. Other areas of occupation that were less prominent however still important …

Global, Regional, And National Incidence, Prevalence, And Mortality Of Hiv, 1980-2017, And Forecasts To 2030, For 195 Countries And Territories: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Diseases, Injuries, And Risk Factors Study 2017, Tahvi D. Frank, Christopher J L Murray, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Gbd 2017 Hiv Collaborators, 394 Co-Authors

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background

Understanding the patterns of HIV/AIDS epidemics is crucial to tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts in countries. We provide a comprehensive assessment of the levels and trends of HIV/AIDS incidence, prevalence, mortality, and coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 1980–2017 and forecast these estimates to 2030 for 195 countries and territories.

Methods

We determined a modelling strategy for each country on the basis of the availability and quality of data. For countries and territories with data from population-based seroprevalence surveys or antenatal care clinics, we estimated prevalence and incidence using an open-source version of the …

The Effect Of Sappan Wood Extracts In Treating Diabetes Induced In Mice, Noviana A I Sakir, Jae G. Kim

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Since 2015, an estimated 415 million people had diabetes worldwide. Although, there is no scientific research related to the effectiveness of chemical substance (brazilin) in Caesalpinia sappan L. that can decrease blood glucose level in humans, many people in Sulawesi consume this wood for diabetes treatment. This study aimed to prove the effect of sappan wood extract on decreasing blood glucose levels in mice and to identify the most effective dose. Methods: Experimental research (pretest and posttest randomized controlled group design) was conducted on 20 male albino mice [body weight (bw): 20–30 g] used as alloxan-induced diabetic models and …

Driving While High, Page D. Dobbs, Michael Smith, David T. Rolfe

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

As of May 2019, ten U.S. states and Washington DC have legalized non-medical/recreational use of cannabis. With increased access to legal marijuana across the country, some have raised concerns regarding unintended implications of these policies, such as the risk of motor vehicle crashes, which is the leading cause of mortality and injury among youth and young adults. Driving under the influence of marijuana is particularly concerning among young adults and college students, due to the increased level of substance use reported during the transition from high school to post-high school environments, such as college.

Advances In Structural Heart Disease: Mitraclip For Secondary Mitral Regurgitation - A Potential Game Changer, Shahrukh Hashmani, Amammarah Yasmeen, Shayana Rukhsar Hashman

Section of Cardiology

No abstract provided.

Severity Of Chest Pain Among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With Diagonal Branch Vessel Disease: A Pilot Study, Nasir Rahman, Azmina Artani, Farhala Mari Baloch, Bilal Hussain

Section of Cardiology

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients present with variable clinical manifestations such as shortness of breath, nausea, etc. among which chest pain is the most common. Previous studies have reported that the clinical presentation of AMI patients with branch vessel disease is indistinguishable from epicardial coronary vessel disease. However, our experience suggests patients with branch vessel disease experience severe chest pain, especially those with a diagonal branch. Therefore, we aim to study the association of chest pain severity with isolated diagonal branch vessel disease as a culprit vessel in AMI patients.

Methods: It is a retrospective case-control design, where 10 …

Inspire : Vol 2, Issue 8, Department Of Medicine

INSPIRE – Department of Medicine Archives

content

• Message From The Chair
• Inaugural meeting of the multisectoral NCD Think Tank
• Inaugural meeting of the multisectoral NCD Think Tank
• Featured Faculty Profile Dr. Sonia Yaqub “ We rise by lifting others!”
• What Are Academics Around the World Reading This Month?
• Publications

Similar Muscular Adaptations In Resistance Training Performed Two Versus Three Days Per Week, Thiago Lasevicius, Brad Jon Schoenfeld, Jozo Grgic, Gilberto Laurentino, Lucas Duarte Tavares, Valmor Tricoli

Publications and Research

The purpose of the present study was to compare changes in muscle strength and hypertrophy between volume-equated resistance training (RT) performed 2 versus 3 times per week in trained men. Thirty-six resistance-trained men were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental groups: a split-body training routine (SPLIT) with muscle groups trained twice per week (n = 18) over four weekly sessions, or a total-body routine (TOTAL), with muscle groups being trained three times per week (n = 18) over three weekly sessions. The training intervention lasted 10 weeks. Testing was carried out pre- and post-study to assess maximal muscular …

Pharmacy Newsletter : August 2019, Pharmacy Department

Department of Pharmacy Archives

Content:

• Vancomycin Dosing in ESRD with Intermittent Hemodialysis (IHD)
• Increased Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmias with Domperidone
• Drug Induced Esinophilic Pneumonia
• An Insight on aspirin; ASCEND, ARRIVE and ASPREE Trial
• Drugs Administeration Through Nasogastric Tube (Advantages and Its Restrictions)
• Medications to Be Avoided or Used with Caution in Parkinson’s Disease

Buying-Shopping Disorder - Is There Enough Evidence To Support Its Inclusion In Icd-11?, Astrid Müller, Matthias Brand, Laurence Claes, Zsolt Demetrovics, Martina De Zwaan, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Randy O. Frost, Susana Jimenez-Murcia, Michael Lejoyeux, Sabine Steins-Loeber, James E. Mitchell, Richard Moulding, Maja Nedeljkovic, Patrick Trotzke, Aviv Weinstein, Michael Kyrios

Psychology: Faculty Publications

The phenomenon of buying-shopping disorder (BSD) was described over 100 years ago. Definitions of BSD refer to extreme preoccupation with shopping and buying, to impulses to purchase that are experienced as irresistible, and to recurrent maladaptive buying excesses that lead to distress and impairments. Efforts to stop BSD episodes are unsuccessful, despite the awareness of repeated break-downs in self-regulation, experiences of post-purchase guilt and regret, comorbid psychiatric disorders, reduced quality of life, familial discord, work impairment, financial problems, and other negative consequences. A recent meta-analysis indicated an estimated point prevalence of BSD of 5%. In this narrative review, the authors …

Use Of Long‐Acting Reversible Contraception In A Cluster‐Random Sample Of Female Sex Workers In Kenya, Frances H. Ampt, Megan . S.C Lim, Paul A. Agius, Matthew F. Chersich, Griffins Manguro, Caroline M. Gichuki, Mark Stoové, Marleen Temmerman, Walter Jaoko, Margaret Hellard, Peter Gichangi, Stanley Luchters

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objective: To assess correlates of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) use, and explore patterns of LARC use among female sex workers (FSWs) in Kenya.

Methods: Baseline cross-sectional data were collected between September 2016 and May 2017 in a cluster-randomized controlled trial in Mombasa. Eligibility criteria included current sex work, age 16–34 years, not pregnant, and not planning pregnancy. Peer educators recruited FSWs from randomly selected sex-work venues. Multiple logistic regression identified correlates of LARC use. Prevalence estimates were weighted to adjust for variation in FSW numbers recruited across venues.

Results: Among 879 participants, the prevalence of contraceptive use was 22.6% for …

Virtual Dissection Of White Matter Tracts In A Human Brain Using Applied Game Design And Virtual Reality Imaging, Basil Lim, Anurag Nasa, Nicola Carswell, Elena Roman, Malia Kissner, Darren W. Roddy, Veronika O'Keane, James Carswell

Other

Visualisation of neural tracts in the human brain has previously been accomplished using two dimensional (2D) representational formats. In most cases, pre-operative visualisation is through the medium of 2D MRI image slices, representing coordinates in the brain through a combination of axial, sagittal, and coronal orthographic viewpoints. Software such as ExploreDTI can visualise off-axis viewpoints, however this method is limited to 2.5D image representations. The use of such 2D representations can require significant training in order to contextualise real-world 3D positions and accurately locate and identify neural tract pathways in the brain. Utilising anonymised tract data and advanced neuroimaging technologies …

Measuring Racial Microaggression In Medical Practice, Amanda Lee Almond

Publications and Research

The purpose of the present study was to validate the already existing Racial Microaggression in Counseling Scale (RMCS) when the term “therapist” was replaced with “physician”, thus constituting the modification as the Racial Microaggression in Medical Practice Scale (RMMPS). Racial microaggressions work at reinforcing inferior social status on a cognitive level. Unlike overt racism, messages behind microaggression are subtler and more every day. A lack of acceptance, respect, and regard emerges from interactions in medical contexts as there are layers of in-group and out-group statuses at play (e.g., physician-patient, Black-White, expert-lay, and Westernized-alternative). The layer focused on in the present …

Including Ultrasound Scans In Antenatal Care In Low-Resource Settings: Considering The Complementarity Of Obstetric Ultrasound Screening And Maternity Waiting Homes In Strengthening Referral Systems In Low-Resource, Rural Settings, David L. Swanson, Holly L. Franklin, Jonathan O. Swanson, Robert L. Goldenberg, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Waseem Mirza, David Muyodi, Lester Figueroa, Farnaz Naqvi, Sarah Saleem

Department of Radiology

Recent World Health Organization (WHO) antenatal care recommendations include an ultrasound scan as a part of routine antenatal care. The First Look Study, referenced in the WHO recommendation, subsequently shows that the routine use of ultrasound during antenatal care in rural, low-income settings did not improve maternal, fetal or neonatal mortality, nor did it increase women's use of antenatal care or the rate of hospital births. This article reviews the First Look Study, reconsidering the assumptions upon which it was built in light of these results, a supplemental descriptive study of interviews with patients and sonographers that participated in the …

Behavior Change Interventions Delivered Through Interpersonal Communication, Agricultural Activities, Community Mobilization, And Mass Media Increase Complementary Feeding Practices And Reduce Child Stunting In Ethiopia, Sunny S. Kim, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Yisehac Yohannes, Yewelsew Abebe, Manisha Tharaney, Elizabeth Drummond, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Marie T. Ruel, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Appropriate infant and young child feeding practices are critical for optimal child growth and development, but in Ethiopia, complementary feeding (CF) practices are very poor. Alive & Thrive (A&T) provided intensive behavior change interventions through 4 platforms: interpersonal communication (IPC), nutrition-sensitive agricultural activities (AG), community mobilization (CM), and mass media (MM).

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of A&T intensive compared with nonintensive interventions (standard nutrition counseling and agricultural extension service and less intensive CM and MM) on CF practices and knowledge and child anthropometric outcomes.

METHODS: We used a cluster-randomized …

Audience-Specific Online Gatekeeper Training For Nursing Faculty: A Response To Increased Student Suicide Risk, Kristiana Holmes

Nursing Capstones

This DNP project was an effort to address the rising trend of suicide on college campuses. The aim of the project was to increase the number of faculty gatekeepers through implementation of an online audience-specific gatekeeper training program. Participants included 24 graduate and undergraduate nursing faculty at two private liberal arts colleges. An online audience-specific training program was implemented to improve faculty preparedness, likelihood of engagement, and self-efficacy in order to assist students in distress. The program trained participants as gatekeepers utilizing Question, Persuade, Refer (QPR) strategies and incorporated audience-specific information related to suicide risk in nursing students. Participants completed …

Audience-Specific Online Gatekeeper Training For Nursing Faculty: A Response To Increased Student Suicide Risk, Julie Honey

Nursing Capstones

This DNP project was an effort to address the rising trend of suicide on college campuses. The aim of the project was to increase the number of faculty gatekeepers through implementation of an online audience-specific gatekeeper training program. Participants included 24 graduate and undergraduate nursing faculty at two private liberal arts colleges. An online audience-specific training program was implemented to improve faculty preparedness, likelihood of engagement, and self-efficacy in order to assist students in distress. The program trained participants as gatekeepers utilizing Question, Persuade, Refer (QPR) strategies and incorporated audience-specific information related to suicide risk in nursing students. Participants completed …

Implementation Of A Smart Tool In The Electronic Health Record To Improve Interdisciplinary Discharge Communication And Hospital Readmission Rates, Katelin Umland

Nursing Capstones

In the department of Inpatient Psychiatry at a large mid-western academic medical center, interdisciplinary discharge communication between registered nurses, social workers, advanced practice providers, and physicians has presented as a problem. Patients are frequently discharged from the hospital without being seen by all necessary disciplines and concomitantly discharged without needed supplies, medications, resources, or follow-up appointments in place. This current discharge method negatively affects patient care, causes workflow disruption for all disciplines, and is known to be a contributing factor in increased hospital readmission rates. The purpose of this Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project was to improve interdisciplinary communication …

A Strategy For Increasing Syphilis Screening In High-Risk Men And Women, Zillah Mulubisha

Nursing Capstones

Background: Syphilis cases among both men and women in Minnesota have been increasing over the past ten years. Currently, there are recommended screening practices for early detection and treatment of syphilis, however they are required only in pregnancy to prevent the devastating consequences of congenital syphilis. This DNP project was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program and screening reminders to promote increased syphilis screening practices among, ARNP primary health care providers in two community clinics for high risk men and women.

Objective: The purpose of this DNP project was to increase syphilis screening-rates of high-risk …

Comparing The Efficacy Of Pharmacological Preconditioning With Myristic Acid-Conjugated, Tat- Conjugated And Native Protein Kinase C Epsilon Peptide Activator In Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion (Mi/R) Models, Anahi Mcintyre

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) activation is a central mediator of the cardioprotection conferred by myocardial ischemic preconditioning (IPC). PKCε activation via PKCε peptide activator (PKCε+, HDAPIGYD) prior to ischemia is a pharmacologic mimic of IPC. However, native PKCε+ requires the use of cell permeabilization methods, such as conjugation to known carrier peptides, for effective intracellular targeting to mitigate cardiac damage. Our study compares PKCε+ conjugated to either myristic acid (Myr- PKCε+) or transactivating (TAT) carrier peptide (YGRKKRRQRRR-CC- PKCε+) with native PKCε+ pretreatment and untreated control I/R hearts to evaluate the efficacy of these cell permeable peptide analogs in attenuating …

Release Kinetics Of Methylene Blue In Pluronic F-127 Hydrogel, Meredith Hayden

Animal Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

“Between January 1998 and March 2000, veterinarians at the ASPCA National Animal Poison Control Center (NAPCC) consulted on more than 1,050 cases of accidental exposures to acetaminophen and 1,100 cases of ibuprofen ingestion in dogs and cats” (Richardson, 2000).

NSAID toxicity has become an increasingly common occurrence in small companion animals within the last decade due to widespread usage (Zhou, Boudreau, & Freedman, 2014). Depending on the specific drug, treatment is centered around early decontamination and prevention of kidney and hepatic damage, and methemoglobanemia. Currently, methemoglobanemia is treated with intravenous delivery of methylene blue and less commonly through oral administration. …

Chemo-Immunotherapy For Older Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Passé Yet?, Alexey V Danilov, John M Pagel, Jennifer R Brown, Brian T Hill

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Cranial And Intra-Axial Metastasis Originating From A Primary Ovarian Dysgerminoma., Tiffany L Beck, Hitomi Momose, Jeffrey M Dym, Vikas Y Rao, Randy Bohart, Bram H Goldstein

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Dysgerminomas are aggressive germ cell tumors that typically have a favorable prognosis, especially in patients diagnosed with early stage disease. We recount the history of a 23-year-old woman who was treated for a stage IA ovarian dysgerminoma in November 2017. Postoperatively, the patient was noncompliant insofar as obtaining routine lab evaluations; ten months later, she was diagnosed with a cranial metastasis that extended into the meninges. The patient subsequently underwent a posterior fossa craniotomy and adjuvant etoposide, bleomycin and cisplatin chemotherapy to which she initially responded; however, during cycle 4, she developed pancytopenia whereupon the chemotherapy was summarily discontinued. Thereafter, …

Moving Toward The Future: Online Only., Jeffrey C Wang, Jens R Chapman, Karsten Wiechert

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Current Perspectives Into The Evaluation And Management Of Hepatitis B: A Review., Vignan Manne, Eric Gochanour, Kris V Kowdley

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Hepatitis B is a widespread disease which affects millions of people worldwide. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) can lead to significant morbidity and mortality due to complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathophysiology of hepatitis is critical to diagnosing CHB. Deciding which patients with CHB should be treated is an important decision as treatment can often lead to better outcomes in the appropriate patient population. The nucleos(t)ide analog inhibitors entecavir and tenofovir are currently the mainstay of treatment as they are able to successfully suppress the virus and lead to fewer complications. Novel therapies are currently being developed which …

Effect Of Finish Line Design And Metal Alloy On The Marginal And Internal Gaps Of Selective Laser Melting Printed Copings, Adel Al Maaz, Geoffrey A. Thompson, Carl Drago, Hongseok An, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Selective laser melting (SLM) technology has been introduced for printing metal dental restorations from Co-Cr base alloys or Au-Pt high noble alloys. However, information regarding the fit of restorations fabricated by using this technique is limited.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of 3 different finish line designs on the marginal and internal gaps of metal copings made from a base (Co-Cr), high noble (Au-Pd-Ag), and noble alloy (Co-Pd) by using the SLM technology.

Material and methods

Three Ivorine right maxillary central incisors were prepared with a chamfer, deep chamfer, …

Neoadjuvant Folfirinox In Patients With Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review And Patient-Level Meta-Analysis, Quisette P Janssen, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Et Al.

2010-2019 OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: FOLFIRINOX is a standard treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer patients. The effectiveness of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) remains debated.

METHODS: We performed a systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis on neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in patients with BRPC. Studies with BRPC patients who received FOLFIRINOX as first-line neoadjuvant treatment were included. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival, resection rate, R0 resection rate, and grade III-IV adverse events. Patient-level survival outcomes were obtained from authors of the included studies and analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTS: We included 24 studies …

Sexual Violation Of Patients By Physicians: A Mixed-Methods, Exploratory Analysis Of 101 Cases, James M Dubois, Heidi A Walsh, John T Chibnall, Emily E Anderson, Michelle R Eggers, Mobolaji Fowose, Hannah Ziobrowski

2010-2019 OA Pubs

A mixed-method, exploratory design was used to examine 101 cases of sexual violations in medicine. The study involved content analysis of cases to characterize the physicians, patient-victims, the practice setting, kinds of sexual violations, and consequences to the perpetrator. In each case, a criminal law framework was used to examine how motives, means, and opportunity combined to generate sexual misconduct. Finally, cross-case analysis was performed to identify clusters of causal factors that explain specific kinds of sexual misconduct. Most cases involved a combination of five factors: male physicians (100%), older than the age of 39 (92%), who were not board …

2019 Hrs/Ehra/Aphrs/Lahrs Expert Consensus Statement On Catheter Ablation Of Ventricular Arrhythmias, Edmond M Cronin, Phillip Cuculich, Et Al.

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the …

The Implementation Of The Teach-Back Method In Dash Diet Education To Improve Blood Pressure Control In Patients With Hypertension And Low Health Literacy, Patrice Helen Spencer

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Low health literacy is closely correlated with poorly-managed chronic disease conditions. Hypertension is a common chronic disease condition which can be better controlled through compliance with the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet; however, patients with low health literacy may have difficulty understanding the DASH diet without proper education. The teach-back method is an evidence-based education tool which can empower patients with low health literacy to better control the management of hypertension through adherence to the DASH diet. This is an evidence-based project which purposes to reveal the effectiveness of the teach-back method in providing DASH diet education in …