Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity And Sedentary Time Among Samoan Adults And Associations With Type 2 Diabetes And Hypertension, Parmida Zarei

Public Health Theses

Objectives: (1) To describe accelerometer-measured physical activity among Samoan adults; (2) to determine associations between physical activity and type 2 diabetes and hypertension; and (3) to assess adherence to global physical activity recommendations.

Participants: Three hundred eighty-five Samoan adults aged 30-72 years.

Setting: Participants were recruited from 23 villages on the Samoan island of ‘Upolu (eight urban, seven peri-urban, and eight rural).

Measurements: Self-reported demographic information including age, census region of residence, and occupation was collected. Anthropometric measurements including weight and height were taken in light island clothing, and body mass index was calculated. Sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and …

A Simple Technique For The Management Of Refractory Gastrostomy Site Complications A Technical Innovation In Gastrostomy Tube Site Revision, Rebecca M. Rentea, Wendy Jo Svetanoff, Charlene Dekonenko, Courtney Pisano, Charles L. Snyder

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Introduction

Longstanding gastrostomy sites are prone to leakage and excoriation secondary to protrusion of gastric mucosa into the tract, dilation of the site over time, and development of refractory granulation tissue. Surgical revision with creation of a new gastric and skin exit site can be difficult. We describe a technique to re-site a gastrostomy tube (GT) utilizing the existing GT site.

Materials and methods

For one patient with gastrostomy site refractory complications, we re-sited the GT using the existing site. A clamp was placed through the old GT site and was palpated through the abdominal wall. An incision over the …

Pentalogy Of Cantrell, Muhammad Khawar Sana, Rebecca M. Rentea

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Pentalogy of Cantrell (POC) is a collection of five congenital midline birth anomalies that present a distinctive challenge for clinicians and surgeons. Those five defects are of the heart, pericardium, diaphragm, sternum, and abdominal wall. This condition has been divided into two categories, complete or partial. Complete, as the name indicates, refers to the presence of all five defects, while others may present with only partial defects. It is also referred to as thoracoabdominal ectopia cordis, a condition where the heart is covered by an omphalocele-like membrane. Ectopia cordis (EC) is often found in fetuses with POC. Infants usually have …

Retroperitoneal Hematoma, Christopher Mondie, Rebecca M. Rentea

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Retroperitoneal hematoma is defined as bleeding into the retroperitoneal space. This clinical entity is often occult and under-recognized by clinicians and is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. Often patients do not manifest clinically apparent signs and symptoms until a substantial amount of blood loss has occurred. It is not uncommon for patients to present in frank hemorrhagic shock due to an underlying retroperitoneal hematoma. The retroperitoneal space lies directly posterior to the peritoneal cavity. An organizational schema dividing the retroperitoneal space into three different “zones” is widely prevalent in the surgical literature. The central-medial zone (Zone I) falls …

Rna Sequencing Of Human Peripheral Nerve In Response To Injury: Distinctive Analysis Of The Nerve Repair Pathways., Andrew S. Welleford, Jorge E. Quintero, Nader El Seblani, Eric Blalock, Sumedha Gunewardena, Steven M. Shapiro, Sean M. Riordan, Peter Huettl, Zain Guduru, John A. Stanford, Craig G. Van Horne, Greg A. Gerhardt

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The development of regenerative therapies for central nervous system diseases can likely benefit from an understanding of the peripheral nervous system repair process, particularly in identifying potential gene pathways involved in human nerve repair. This study employed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology to analyze the whole transcriptome profile of the human peripheral nerve in response to an injury. The distal sural nerve was exposed, completely transected, and a 1 to 2 cm section of nerve fascicles was collected for RNA-seq from six participants with Parkinson's disease, ranging in age between 53 and 70 yr. Two weeks after the initial injury, another …

Investigating The Effects Of Brainstem Neuronal Adaptation On Cardiovascular Homeostasis., James H Park, Jonathan Gorky, Babatunde Ogunnaike, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, James S Schwaber

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Central coordination of cardiovascular function is accomplished, in part, by the baroreceptor reflex, a multi-input multi-output physiological control system that regulates the activity of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems via interactions among multiple brainstem nuclei. Recent single-cell analyses within the brain revealed that individual neurons within and across brain nuclei exhibit distinct transcriptional states contributing to neuronal function. Such transcriptional heterogeneity complicates the task of understanding how neurons within and across brain nuclei organize and function to process multiple inputs and coordinate cardiovascular functions within the larger context of the baroreceptor reflex. However, prior analysis of brainstem neurons revealed …

Perceptions Of The Impact Of Non-Contact Boxing On Social And Community Engagement For Individuals With Parkinson’S Disease: A Qualitative Study, Casey E. Humphrey, Dana M. Howell, Melba Custer

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: To explore the perceptions of individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) on their experiences within a community based, non-contact boxing program. Specifically, this study considered how these individuals perceived non-contact boxing to influence their social and community engagement and factors influencing ongoing participation in this program. Method: This was a phenomenological case study that utilized qualitative methods for data collection including semi-structured interviews and observation. Colaizzi’s method was used for data analysis. A convenience sample obtained from a boxing club that offered PD specific boxing classes was used. The sample included 10 participants (3 female, 7 male) ranging in age …

Opioids And An Active Population: Athletic Trainers' Perceptions, Dana Karlene Bates

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Opioid use, misuse, and abuse are occurring in both high school and collegiate athletes. There is limited research that examines athletic trainers' perceptions of opioids. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to investigate athletic trainers’ awareness and practice of opioids in an active population. Method: Qualitative inquiry was used to explore athletic trainers' awareness of opioids in an active population. Ten athletic trainers (7 male, 3 female) employed in the Northwest Athletic Training Association (6 collegiate, 4 high schools) volunteered for this study. Phone interviews were conducted in July to September 2017 with a semi-structured …

An Interprofessional Clinical Placement In A Primary Healthcare Setting: A Pilot Study, Christina Aggar, Beth Mozolic-Staunton, Renee Joyce Lovi, Maggie Scorey, Melissa Kemp, Tara Walker, Sian Lewis

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Internationally, and in Australia, interprofessional education (IPE) is becoming typical in primary healthcare delivery and is core to delivering patient-centred care. It is essential that primary healthcare education develop interprofessional capacity in order to produce a skilled workforce. An IPE clinical placement for undergraduate health students was developed and piloted in primary healthcare settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the IPE clinical placement in a primary healthcare setting on students’ perceptions of interprofessional education. Method: A pre-post placement validated questionnaire (n=19) indicated overall perceptions of IPE significantly increased over the course of …

Feasibility Of A Readiness Exam For Predicting Radiography Program Success: A Pilot Study, Tammy L. Webster, Sarah B. Mcbrien, Gregory M. Mehrer, Harlan R. Sayles

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

ABSTRACT

Background: Research investigating predictors of academic success in rigorous health science education is valuable for curricular intervention for identified at-risk students. Various predictors of success have been investigated, but the literature is insufficient when examining anatomy and physiology readiness scores as they correlate to radiography curricular success. This pilot study assessed the correlation between readiness exam scores and programmatic course GPA to determine if the scores could be used as a metric for identifying academic success resources for incoming students. Cohorts of the radiography program at a midwestern health sciences center demonstrated a longitudinal trend of difficulty with anatomy …

Impact Of An Interprofessional Education Quality Of Life Forum On Students’ Perceptions And Commitment To Addressing Local Health Disparities And The Social Determinants Of Health, Jamie Bayliss, Erin Hofmeyer, Bc Charles-Liscombe, Kristin Clephane, Sandra Matthias, Donna Glankler, Nicole Harshbarger

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Healthcare providers and educational programs share a challenge where limited resources make interprofessional education (IPE) and collaboration difficult. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of IPE, specifically The Greater Cincinnati Quality of Life Forum within the School of Health Science at Mount St. Joseph University, on students’ perceptions of communication skills, collaboration, and values of interprofessional practice as they relate to emergent topics within the community and healthcare. Methods: Consenting participants completed an electronic survey with five reflection questions. Qualitative assessment included analysis of text for emergent themes. Results: Four themes evolved impacting future …

Allied Health Professionals Experience Of Supervising Allied Health Assistants. A Mixed Method Study., Patrick F. Brown, Sue Fitzpatrick, Rowena Hockings

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to quantify time spent by allied health professionals in allied health assistant supervision and to explore allied health assistant supervision from an allied health professional perspective. Method: A convergent parallel mixed method design was used. Forty-seven allied health professionals were surveyed, and 18 allied health professionals participated in focus groups, providing different but complementary data with the aim of gaining a more complete understanding of allied health assistant supervision load. Results: Allied health professionals report spending 10% of their workday supervising allied health assistants. Descriptive interpretation of the focus group data presents evidence …

Athletic Training And Physical Therapy Junior Faculty Member Preparation: Perceptions Of Doctoral Programs And Clinical Practice, Jessica L. Barrett, Stephanie M. Singe, Aynsley Diamond

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Background: Institutions of higher education suffer from a shortage of appropriately prepared faculty members in athletic training and physical therapy programs. Both professional programs have recently undergone curricular reform and degree change. We sought gain an understanding of the preparation mechanisms experienced by athletic training and physical therapy practitioners for their junior faculty positions. Method: Twenty-six athletic trainers and physical therapists participated in this phenomenological study. Data from one-on-one phone interviews were analyzed following the inductive process of interpretive phenomenological analysis. Content experts, pilot interviews, multiple analysts and member checking ensured trustworthiness. Results: Findings indicate two primary mechanisms prepared the …

Comparing The Perceptions Of Interprofessional Socialization Among Health Profession Students, Karen Aul, Jody Long

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Introduction: Based on a review of literature, there is a gap of knowledge on how students perceive the professional roles and responsibilities of other disciplines. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of interprofessional socialization among health profession students. Subjects: Participants included 300 undergraduate and 114 graduate students from eight health disciplines: nursing, communication disorders, physical therapy, social work, radiological science, occupational therapy, clinical lab science, and nutritional science. Methods: Data were collected using the Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS-21). The participants rated 21 items about their beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes of interprofessional socialization on a …

Global Interest For Health Professions Education: A Geographic And Temporal Analyses Through Web Search Differences From 2010-2019, Junhel Dalanon, Yoshizo Matsuka

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatio-temporal differences in web search trends for dental degrees (DD), medical degrees (MD), and nursing degrees (ND) across 197 countries from 2010 to 2019. Method: A search string was used to initiate a search query using Google Trends. The parameters used were DD, MD, and ND as search terms; worldwide as Location; 2010 to 2019 as time range; health education & medical training as category; and web search as database. Data were downloaded and analyzed. Results: Via one-way ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett test, the searches for DD were found …

The Use Of Tinkertoys® For Teaching Hip Anatomy And Alignment, Deborah M. Wendland

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Background: Health education can require an emphasis on potentially difficult concepts in anatomy and alignment. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the effect of active use of Tinkertoys® to promote understanding of alignment and to report its effectiveness for knowledge acquisition among students according to spatial ability. Methods: Two cohorts of physical therapy (PT) students (n=70) participated in this project over two years. Thirty-four students (second cohort) rated their math and spatial abilities on a survey. Following a traditional lecture on femoral torsion and angle of inclination, all participants took a pre-test. Then, a Tinkertoys® …

Investigating The Influence That Service In A Pro Bono Clinic Has On A First Full-Time Clinical Education Experience From The Perspective Of Students And Their Clinical Instructors, Ellen Erdman, Jill D. Black, Sandra Campbell, Tim Golder, Stephen Grazioli, Kerstin M. Palombaro

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Academic physical therapy programs strive to foster student readiness for full-time clinical education experiences in a variety of ways. This research looks at one program who has students participate in a student-run pro bono clinic for at least 60 hours prior to the first full-time clinic experience. The purpose of the study is to explore the influence that participation in this pro bono clinic has on a first full-time clinical education experience from the perspective of both the student and the clinical instructor (CI). Methods: Qualitative methodology was employed to gain the perspectives of 29 students and their respective …

Cervical Spine Thrust Joint Manipulation, Education, And A Home Exercise Program For The Management Of Individuals With Temporomandibular Disorder: A Prospective Case Series, Breanna Reynolds, Jamie L. Brown

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Background and Purpose: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) often leads to chronic pain and disability. Current evidence supporting potentially effective physical therapy (PT) intervention in TMD is limited, however, some support exists for manual therapy, education, and exercise. The purpose of this case series was to describe outcomes in participants with TMD treated with cervical spine manual therapy, education, and exercise. Methods: Five participants (mean symptom duration 2.2 years) with TMD were treated with atlanto-occipital and C2-3 cervical spine thrust joint manipulation (TJM), behavioral education, and a home exercise program for 3 visits over 4 weeks. Primary outcomes included jaw range …

Grit And Academic Performance In Doctor Of Physical Therapy Students, Scott Richardson, Michael Scotto, Mayanne Belcina, Richa Patel, Kevin Wiener

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a physical therapy student’s level of grit positively correlates to graduate school grade point average. Methods: Participants were a convenience sample recruited from the class of 2021 in the Doctor of Physical Therapy program at Franklin Pierce University in Goodyear, Arizona. Subjects completed the Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) as a measure of grit. These scores were compared with participants’ graduate school grade point average using a Spearman Rho statistical test with data analysis completed using SPSS software. Results: 27 participants (15 males, 12 females) with mean grit score of 3.76 …

An Exploratory Study Of The Perceptions Of Footwear For Individuals Who Use Lower Limb Orthotics, Margaret E. Gegen, Teresa Plummer, Nancy Darr

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

The purpose of this study was to explore individual’s perceptions of orthotics and footwear. A survey was created by the authors with the expert opinions of physical and occupational therapists and was distributed to two therapy clinics in Tennessee that provide both occupational therapy and physical therapy as well as on several online support groups. Seventy-nine (79) caregivers completed surveys. Thematic analysis was performed using Nvivo 10 (QSR International) and descriptive statistics were generated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM International). Ninety percent (90%) of participants report that orthotics affect what type of shoes the user …

Characterization Of Bone Pathology In Sickle Cell Disease And Therapeutic Strategies, Mykel D. Green

Dissertations and Theses

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic hemoglobinopathy that has grown into a global health concern. While the advances in medical treatment and management of SCD during childhood have drastically improved the overall survival of children, the transition from pediatric to adult services is significantly inadequate in comparison. Life expectancies of patients with SCD in first world countries such as the United States are shortened to averages of 42 and 48 years for men and women, respectively. Despite the increasing number of people living with SCD, remarkably, few detailed studies have described the clinical course and complications of the disease …

Rural Malawian Women’S Resistance To Systematic Oppression, Violence, And Abuse By Their Husbands, Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu, Wendy S. Bauer, Patricia E. Stevens, Loren W. Galvao, Katarina M. Grande, April Yerges, Lindsay Emer, Thokozani Mwenyekonde, Lance Weinhardt

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

In Malawi, 41% of women aged 15 to 49 report ever experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). Although there is evidence of the pervasiveness of IPV in Malawian society, the context in which it occurs and how women respond is not well described. The purpose of this study was to describe experiences of IPV of rural Malawian women. In-depth interviews were conducted with 55 rural Malawian women aged 21 to 75 years (M = 39) as part of a larger, mixed-methods study. This qualitative thematic analysis highlights husbands’ IPV against wives and women’s actions to protect themselves and their children, …

Nursing Research Priorities In Critical Care, Pulmonary, And Sleep: International Delphi Survey Of Nurses, Patients, And Caregivers: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report, Maureen George, Carme Hernandez, Sheree Smith, Georgia Narsavage, Mary C. Kapella, Margaretann Carno, Jill L. Guttormson, Rebecca T. Disler, Diana E. Hart, Mary Beth Happ, Zijing Chen, Breanna Hetland, Ana F. Hutchinson, Helga Jonsdottir, Nancy S. Redeker, Hildy Schell-Chaple, Monica Fletcher, Janelle Yorke

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The objective of this workshop was to determine current nursing research priorities in critical care, adult pulmonary, and sleep conditions through input from consumer (patient, family, and formal and informal caregivers) and nursing experts around the world. Working groups composed of nurses and patients selected potential research priorities based on patient insight and a literature review of patient-reported outcomes, patient-reported experiences, and processes and clinical outcomes in the focal areas. A Delphi consensus approach, using a qualitative survey method to elicit expert opinion from nurses and consumers was conducted. Two rounds of online surveys available in English, Spanish, and Chinese …

Budget Impact Analysis Of Robotic Exoskeleton Use For Locomotor Training Following Spinal Cord Injury In Four Sci Model Systems, Daniel Pinto, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Jason Barbas, Shuo-Hsiu Chang, Susan Charlifue, Edelle C. Field-Fote, Catherine L. Furbish, Candy Tefertiller, Chaithanya K. Mummidisetty, Heather Taylor, Arun Jayaraman, Allen W. Heinemann

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

We know little about the budget impact of integrating robotic exoskeleton over-ground training into therapy services for locomotor training. The purpose of this study was to estimate the budget impact of adding robotic exoskeleton over-ground training to existing locomotor training strategies in the rehabilitation of people with spinal cord injury.

Methods

A Budget Impact Analysis (BIA) was conducted using data provided by four Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Model Systems rehabilitation hospitals. Hospitals provided estimates of therapy utilization and costs about people with spinal cord injury who participated in locomotor training in the calendar year 2017. Interventions were standard of …

Parent Readiness For Hospital Discharge Scale: Psychometrics And Association With Postdischarge Outcomes, Marianne E. Weiss, Stacee M. Lerret, Rachel Schiffman

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction The purpose of this study is to validate the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) for use with parents of hospitalized children. PedRHDS is a structured tool for a discharge readiness assessment before pediatric discharge. Methods Using combined data from four studies with 417 parents, psychometric testing and item reduction proceeded with principal component analysis for factor structure delineation, Cronbach's alpha for reliability estimation, and regression analysis for predictive validity. Results A 23-item PedRHDS retained the a priori factor structure. Reliability ranged from 0.73 to 0.85 for the 23-item and 10- and 8-item short scales. PedRHDS (all forms) was …

Infant Illness Severity And Perinatal Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Discharge From The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Kathryn J. Malin, Teresa S. Johnson, Sarah Mcandrew, Jacqueline Westerdahl, Jonathan Leuthner, Joanne Lagatta

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Risk factors for perinatal posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among parents of an infant in the NICU have varied in previous literature. The relationships between perception of illness severity and objective measures of illness severity with PTSD are not well understood.

Aims

To determine if PTSD among parents after an infant NICU discharge can be predicted by 1) objective measures of infant illness severity or 2) perceptions of infant illness severity.

Study design

A prospective, observational study.

Subjects

Parent/infant dyads who were in the NICU for ≥14 days.

Outcome measures

Objective measures of illness severity were obtained from the electronic …

Mechanisms Of Value-Biased Prioritization In Fast Sensorimotor Decision Making, Kivilcim Afacan-Seref

Dissertations and Theses

In dynamic environments, split-second sensorimotor decisions must be prioritized according to potential payoffs to maximize overall rewards. The impact of relative value on deliberative perceptual judgments has been examined extensively, but relatively little is known about value-biasing mechanisms in the common situation where physical evidence is strong but the time to act is severely limited. This research examines the behavioral and electrophysiological indices of how value biases split-second perceptual decisions and the possible mechanisms underlying the process. In prominent decision models, a noisy but statistically stationary representation of sensory evidence is integrated over time to an action-triggering bound, and value-biases …

Clinical Nurses' Perspectives On Discharge Practice Changes From Participating In A Translational Research Study, Kathleen L. Bobay, Regina Conway-Philips, Ronda G. Hughes, Linda L. Costa, Sarah J. Bahr, Danielle M. Siclovan, Susan A. Nuccio, Marianne E. Weiss

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aim

To describe clinical nurses' experiences with practice change associated with participation in a multi‐site nursing translational research study implementing new protocols for hospital discharge readiness assessment.

Background

Nurses' participation in translational research studies provides an opportunity to evaluate how implementation of new nursing interventions affects care processes within a local context. These insights can provide information that leads to successful adoption and sustainability of the intervention.

Methods

Semi‐structured focus groups from 30 of 33 participating study hospitals lead by team nurse researchers.

Results

Nurses reported improved and earlier awareness of patients' discharge needs, changes in discharge practices, greater patient/family …

Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Game-Based Symptom-Reporting App For Children With Cancer: Perspectives Of Children And Parents, Lauri Linder, Amy Rose Newman, Kristin Stegenga, Yin-Shun Chiu, Sarah E. Wawrzynski, Heidi Kramer, Charlene Weir, Scott Narus, Roger Altizer

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Children with cancer have difficulty identifying and describing the multiple symptoms they experience during hospitalization and between clinical encounters. Mobile health resources, including apps, are potential solutions to support child-centric symptom reporting. This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a newly developed game-based symptom-reporting app for school-age children with cancer.

Procedure

Nineteen school-age children (6–12 years of age) receiving treatment for cancer at a COG institution in the Intermountain West of the United States used a game-based symptom-reporting app between clinical visits. Feasibility was evaluated through a summary of actual days of app use and interaction with each …

Living The Manatt Report: Advancing The Future Of Nursing Through Joint Academic Appointments, Jennifer K. Pfister, Jill C. Kuester, Katie Mcdermott, Leslie Talbert, Christine A. Schindler

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

In 2016, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing published the Manatt Report which outlines recommendations to address the future of academic nursing. This report asserts that in order to influence the direction of healthcare, academic nursing needs to partner with academic health centers in leadership positions, embrace current clinical practice, and prioritize research. The following paper details the successful implementation of joint academic appointments between a college of nursing and a medical college. Joint appointments have formalized the role of clinician-educator, brought current clinical knowledge to academia, and allowed for protected academic time that is focused on enhancing the …