Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Table Of Contents, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science - Volume 74, 2020, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Business Meeting Report (Secretary's And Treasurer's Report), Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Recruitment To Editorial Positions, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Process Improvement To Reduce Route Of Medication Administration Errors In Patients With Enteral Feeding Tubes, Elizabeth Scott

Doctoral Projects

Advances in health information management in the form electronic health records, computerized provider order entry systems, and clinical decision support systems and tools have enhanced the productivity, effectiveness, and efficiency of healthcare. However, the cost of these positive effects does come at the expense of other factors. Along with the introduction of Clinical Provider Order Entry (CPOE) systems, organizations have experienced new possibilities for medication errors and risks to patient safety. Factors associated with these errors should be evaluated in detail in order to mitigate the causes of these types of errors and to plan strategies for prevention. Continued research …

Aadej Comm 6 2 2020

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicator is the official journal of the American Association of Dental Editors and Journalists (AADEJ). It is published quarterly, distributed digitally via email to members, and posted on the Association's website, AADEJ.org. Each issue includes regular updates from the editorial team and AADEJ board, as well as feature articles on current issues in the field.

Neonatal Nurses' Perceptions Of Providing Palliative Care In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Susan Di Nonno Chin

Theses & Dissertations

Although advances in neonatal medicine have greatly improved infant survival rates, there remains a significant number of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit who will not survive. It is estimated that 50% of the 25,000 annual hospital pediatric deaths occur in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (Conway-Oriel & Edlund, 2015). Despite widely supported guidelines endorsing neonatal palliative care (NPC), implementation has been sporadic and inconsistent (Kain & Wilkinson, 2013). Lack of palliative care protocols has been associated with negative impacts on infants, their families, and multidisciplinary team members. NICU nurses are uniquely positioned to influence end-of-life care …

Hypothetical Human Immune Genome Complex Gradient May Help To Explain The Congenital Zika Symdrome Catastrophe In Brazil: A New Theory, F. R. S. Oliveira, C. C. Bresani-Salvi, C. N. L. Morais, A. W. Bigham, U. Braga-Neto, Gladys E. Maestre, John L. Vandeberg, E. T. A. Marques, B. Acioli-Santos

School of Medicine Publications

There are few data considering human genetics as an important risk factor for birth abnormalities related to ZIKV infection during pregnancy, even though sub-Saharan African populations are apparently more resistant to CZS as compared to populations in the Americas. We hypothesized that single nucleotide variants (SNVs), especially in innate immune genes, could make some populations more susceptible to Zika congenital complications than others. Differences in the SNV frequencies among continental populations provide great potential for Machine Learning techniques. We explored a key immune genomic gradient between individuals from Africa, Asia and Latin America, working with complex signatures, using 297 SNVs. …

One-Year Changes In Brain Microstructure Differentiate Preclinical Huntington's Disease Stages, Chris Patrick Pflanz, Marina Charquero-Ballester, D S. Majid, Anderson M. Winkler, Emmanuel Vallée, Adam R. Aron, Mark Jenkinson, Gwenaëlle Douaud

School of Medicine Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether brain imaging markers of tissue microstructure can detect the effect of disease progression across the preclinical stages of Huntington's disease.

METHODS: Longitudinal microstructural changes in diffusion imaging metrics (mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy) were investigated in participants with presymptomatic Huntington's disease (N = 35) stratified into three preclinical subgroups according to their estimated time until onset of symptoms, compared with age- and gender-matched healthy controls (N = 19) over a 1y period.

RESULTS: Significant differences were found over the four groups in change of mean diffusivity in the posterior basal ganglia and the splenium of the …

Tgif1-Twist1 Axis In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Mohammed S. Razzaque, Azeddine Atfi

School of Medicine Publications

TG-interacting factor 1 (TGIF1) exerts inhibitory effects on transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling by suppressing Smad signaling pathway at multiple levels. TGIF1 activity is important for normal embryogenesis and organogenesis, yet its dysregulation can culminate in tumorigenesis. For instance, increased expression of TGIF1 correlates with poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer patients, and enforced expression of TGIF1 facilitates Wnt-driven mammary tumorigenesis, suggesting that TGIF1 might function as an oncoprotein. Quite surprisingly, TGIF1 has recently been shown to function as a tumor suppressor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), possibly owing to its ability to antagonize the pro-malignant transcription factor …

Recent Advances On Visual Cycle Protein Research And Progress On Clinical Translation, Xin Yee Ooi, Rujman Khan, Anjalee Choudhury, Francisco Xavier Elisarraras, Jeff Grigsby, Brandi Obregon, Andrew T C Tsin

School of Medicine Publications

Since the publication of our previous paper, Visual cycle proteins: Structure, function, and roles in human retinal disease (Tsin, et.al, JBC 293:13016, 2018) there has been significant progress on multiple topics discussed in this paper. In the present communication, we further explore research advances on two visual cycle proteins: DES1 and IRBP. In addition, we emphasize the progress of clinical translation of other visual cycle protein research, including the breakthrough of FDA-approved gene therapy for Leber’s congenital amaurosis, and additional gene therapies at different stages of clinical trials for various retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, and Stargardt’s …

Intrauterine Exposure To Chronic Hypoxia In The Rat Leads To Progressive Diastolic Function And Increased Aortic Stiffness From Early Postnatal Developmental Stages, Praveen Kumar, Jude S. Morton, Amin Shah, Victor Do, Consolato Sergi, Jesus Serrano-Lomelin, Sandra T. Davidge, Donna Beker, Jody Levasseur, Lisa K. Hornberger

School of Medicine Publications

Aim

We sought to explore whether fetal hypoxia exposure, an insult of placental insufficiency, is associated with left ventricular dysfunction and increased aortic stiffness at early postnatal ages.

Methods

Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to hypoxic conditions (11.5% FiO2) from embryonic day E15‐21 or normoxic conditions (controls). After delivery, left ventricular function and aortic pulse wave velocity (measure of aortic stiffness) were assessed longitudinally by echocardiography from day 1 through week 8. A mixed ANOVA with repeated measures was performed to compare findings between groups across time. Myocardial hematoxylin and eosin and picro‐sirius staining were performed to evaluate myocyte …

College Students’ Perceptions Of Popular Diets And Orthorexia Nervosa, Madison W. Weinstock

Theses and Dissertations

Data suggest that individuals’ purported dietary patterns influence others’ perceptions of them. However, few studies have investigated how adherence to specific popular diets might influence these perceptions. This study investigated female undergraduates’ (n = 463) perceptions of vignette characters described as adhering to specific dietary practices perceptions of a vignette character in a sample of 463 female undergraduates. Characters described as adhering to a Clean Eating diet were viewed most positively, followed by individuals on the Ketogenic diet or nondieters. Characters following an Intermittent Fasting diet, and those with Orthorexia Nervosa were viewed most negatively. These findings support the …

The Importance Of Doctor Liability In Medical Malpractice Law: China Versus The United States, Vincent R. Johnson

St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics

Medical malpractice law in China does not work. Disappointed patients and their families, or the gangs they hire, frequently resort to physical violence, beating up doctors and disrupting hospital activities in order to extort settlements. This happens because Chinese law has failed to provide viable remedies to many victims of medical malpractice.

This dysfunctional situation (medical chaos or yinao) has persisted for more than two decades. Today, parents in China discourage their children from attending medical school because practicing medicine is too dangerous.

Reforming Chinese medical malpractice law will be difficult. Many factors contribute to the public’s lack of confidence …

Training Postural Control With Eyes Closed Vs. Eyes Open And Effects On Postural Control Improvement, Mark D. Ulbricht

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Introduction: Ankle sprains are one of the more common injuries in an athletic population. Postural control training can be used in prevention and rehabilitation for ankle sprains. When used preventively postural control training can decrease the risk of sustaining an ankle sprain by 38% (McGuine & Keene, 2006). There are a variety of postural control training programs all emphasizing different aspects of postural control, such as eyes closed, or eyes open situations. Training protocols with either eyes closed or eyes open have been shown to improve both static and dynamic postural control (Zech et al., 2010). The purpose of this …

Knowledge Of Inhaler Use Among Medical Officers In The Management Of Asthma In Children In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Hannah Moore

Master of Medicine in Family Medicine

Background: The inhaled route is the preferred first line method for administration of asthma medication. It is however documented that oral and intravenous routes are the commonly adopted methods of administering asthma medication in children, and the knowledge of the use of inhalers and inhaler devices has not been well documented in middle and low-income countries. Knowledge of inhaler technique among medical personnel ensures effective education of its use to patients to provide the desired results in managing asthma in children. Studies in developing countries have demonstrated a generally low level of knowledge of inhaler use among Medical Doctors and …

Territorial Inequality In Health Service Delivery: Lessons From Latin America’S Federations, Agustina Giraudy, Jennifer Pribble

Political Science Faculty Publications

Access to quality healthcare varies across the national territory inside Latin American countries, with some subnational units enjoying higher-quality care than others. Such territorial inequality is consequential, as residents of particular regions face shorter life spans and an increased risk of preventable disease. This article analyzes trajectories of territorial healthcare inequality across time in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. The data reveal a large decline in Brazil, a moderate decline in Mexico, and low levels of change followed by a moderate decline in Argentina. The article argues that two factors account for these distinct trajectories: the nature of the coalition that …

Prior Mammographic Screening: What Is Its Effect On The Clinical Stage In Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients At Akuhn., Jillo Bika

Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology

Introduction: Breast cancer is now the leading cancer amongst women in Kenya according to GLOBOCAN 2018. It is also a leading cause of cancer deaths in Kenya, after esophageal and cervical cancer. Mammography is the gold standard in the screening of breast cancer. For screening to be effective, however, it has to be offered to the right patients at the appropriate time and intervals. Up until February of 2019, there were no local guidelines to guide the screening of breast cancer in Kenya. The objective of this study is to assess if prior mammographic screening had an effect on the …

The Role Of Socio-Economic Status On The Language Output Of 3-6 Year Old's During A Naturalistic Museum Study, Serena K. Mueller

Honors Theses and Capstones

Over the past 50 years, the lexical nature of young children’s multi-word utterances has been disputed. We ask how socioeconomic status (SES) impacts content and function word usage, and how function word use impacts MLU. Findings show that SES positively correlates with content word production and MLU, which contributes to our knowledge on how SES shapes language and highlights the need for its consideration across settings.

Facilitating Upper Limb Function Using Assistive Technology In A Neurological Patient With Bilateral Upper Limb Impairment: A Case Report, Shelley Fulton, Laura Wilkinson, Kathy Stiller

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: A combination of a stroke and spinal cord injury adversely affecting both upper limbs is an unusual combination for a patient presenting for outpatient rehabilitation services. Although the management of these conditions in isolation is well documented, there is limited literature regarding rehabilitation for these conditions in combination, particularly the use of assistive technology in this setting. Methods: A case report is presented of a 53-year-old male referred for outpatient rehabilitation following a left-sided stroke, with resultant dense right sided hemiplegia. A pre-existing spinal cord injury had affected his left upper limb such that he had marked proximal weakness. …

Williams Syndrome And Neonatal Cardiac Surgery For Congenital Single Ventricle, Taylor E. Katt, Robert L. Spicer, Anji T. Yetman, Ali N. Ibrahimiye, James M. Hammel, Jeffrey A. Robinson

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Williams syndrome (WS) is an arteriopathic derangement associated with supravalvular aortic stenosis and branch pulmonary stenosis. We describe double-outlet right ventricle with mitral atresia and aortic arch hypoplasia in an infant with WS. This case demonstrates the difficulty in managing patients with WS with complex cardiac defects. To our knowledge, this is the first reported single-ventricle physiology in a patient with WS. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).

Synthesis And Docking Studies Of A Novel Tetrahydroquinazoline Derivative As Promising Scaffold For Acetylcholine Esterase Inhibition, Amgad Albohy, Rawan A. , Alsuhaimat, Qais Abualassal, Zead Helmi Abudayeh, Sherif S. Ebada

Pharmacy

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders. While pathological hallmarks of this disorder are known, the exact cause of AD remains unclear. Quinazoline was found to be a promising scaffold for the design and development of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. In this study, we report the synthesis of 1'-methyl-3',4'-dihydro1'Hspiro[ cyclopentane-1, 2'-quinazoline] (4) in 73.3% yield. The structure of compound 4 was confirmed with GC-MS, 1H and 13C-NMR. Acetylcholine esterase inhibition was studied virtually with docking into AChE active site and suggests potential use of 4 as a promising scaffold for acetylcholine esterase inhibitor design which might be …

Acknowledgement Of Coronavirus/Covid-19 Risks: Recreation And Wellness ("Acknowledgement"), University Of North Florida

UNF COVID-19 Response

Acknowledgement of Coronavirus risks, 2020

Why Am I Wearing A Mask If I Don't Feel Sick?, Lily-Anna James, Diana Koval, Samuel Latzsch, Chelsea Nowakowski

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Masks Matter!, Stephanie Gebbia, Kai Killebrew, Nayo Macauley, Edmund Peacock

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Protect Others & Mask Up, Nkeiruka Ashiedu, Rachel Gee, Alexis Henderson, Melissa Klein

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Have A Conversation: Wear A Mask, Melanie Chalfin, Isabella Hampton, Wendy Kong, Sravani Meka

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

This Holiday Season Give The Gift Of Safety, Maclain Capron, Sonia Limaye, Pallavi Sindhu

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Mask What You Can Do For Your Country, Hanna Biedny, Tyler Caparoni, Robert Erianne, Mashaal Syed

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Mask Use: Pros & Cons, Megan Carty, Megan Donlick, Yuri Matsubara, Janine Tobia

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.