Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Predictive Modeling To Forecast Discharge Disposition In Individuals Undergoing Total Joint Replacement, Kimberly Fritts Dpt, Megan Howard Pt, Mpt, Susanne E. Mckenna Pt

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Non-Traditional And Non-Invasive Approaches In Facial Rejuvenation: A Brief Review, Abigail M. Smith, Taylor Ferris, Vinayak K. Nahar, Manoj Sharma

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

While injectables, lasers, and surgical interventions have traditionally been used to reverse the changes associated with facial aging, other alternative therapies such as facial acupuncture and facial exercises are now being studied for facial rejuvenation. In this paper, we both summarize the concepts of facial acupuncture and facial exercises, and review seven studies that evaluate the efficacy of these modalities. Data from these studies suggest that both facial acupuncture and facial exercises have the potential to improve the skin laxity, wrinkle length, muscle thickness, and pigmentary changes associated with aging. Patients frequently reported improvement and experienced very few side effects. …

B Cells Migrate Into Remote Brain Areas And Support Neurogenesis And Functional Recovery After Focal Stroke In Mice, Sterling B. Ortega, Vanessa O. Torres, Sarah E. Latchney, Cody W. Whoolery, Ibrahim Z. Noorbhai, Katie Poinsatte, Uma M. Selvaraj, Monica A. Benson, Anouk J. M. Meeuwissen, Erik J. Plautz, Xiangmei Kong, Denise M. Ramirez, Apoorva D. Ajay, Julian P. Meeks, Mark P. Goldberg, Nancy L. Monson, Amelia J. Eisch, Ann M. Stowe

Neurology Faculty Publications

Lymphocytes infiltrate the stroke core and penumbra and often exacerbate cellular injury. B cells, however, are lymphocytes that do not contribute to acute pathology but can support recovery. B cell adoptive transfer to mice reduced infarct volumes 3 and 7 d after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo), independent of changing immune populations in recipient mice. Testing a direct neurotrophic effect, B cells cocultured with mixed cortical cells protected neurons and maintained dendritic arborization after oxygen-glucose deprivation. Whole-brain volumetric serial two-photon tomography (STPT) and a custom-developed image analysis pipeline visualized and quantified poststroke B cell diapedesis throughout the brain, including …

Hypertension In Adults With Intellectual Disability: Prevalence And Risk Factors, Elizabeth C. Schroeder, Lindsay Dubois, Molly Sadowsky, Thessa I.M. Hilgenkamp

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

No abstract provided.

A 12-Lead Electrocardiogram Database For Arrhythmia Research Covering More Than 10,000 Patients, Jianwei Zhang, Jianming Zhang, Sidy Daniako, Hai Yao, Hangyuan Guo, Cyril Rakovski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

This newly inaugurated research database for 12-lead electrocardiogram signals was created under the auspices of Chapman University and Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine) and aims to enable the scientific community in conducting new studies on arrhythmia and other cardiovascular conditions. Certain types of arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, have a pronounced negative impact on public health, quality of life, and medical expenditures. As a non-invasive test, long term ECG monitoring is a major and vital diagnostic tool for detecting these conditions. This practice, however, generates large amounts of data, the analysis of which requires considerable …

The Zoom Picture Book Game: A Creative Way To Promote Teamwork In Undergraduate Medical Education., Xiao Chi Zhang, Arjun Balakumar, Carlos Rodriguez, Anthony Sielicki, Dimitrios Papanagnou

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Effective team building and leadership are crucial in running an effective and safe healthcare system with improved patient care and clinical outcomes. Currently, there is a great demand for formal leadership training throughout the extensive medical education curriculum. We constructed an interactive team-building activity utilizing gamification-theory with the Zoom game. The Zoom activity requires a team of learners to organize a set of sequential images, each of which contains a "zoomed out" section from the previous image, into the correct order within a set time frame. Given the unique and approachable nature of this team-based activity, we propose the following: …

Chrysin‐Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Potentiates Antibiofilm Activity Against Staphylococcus Aureus, Busi Siddhardha, Uday Pandey, K. Kaviyarasu, Rajasekharreddy Pala, Asad Syed, Ali K. Bahkali, Abdallah M. Elgorban

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The application of nanotechnology in medicine is gaining popularity due to its ability to increase the bioavailability and biosorption of numerous drugs. Chrysin, a flavone constituent of Orocylumineicum vent is well‐reported for its biological properties. However, its therapeutic potential has not been fully exploited due to its poor solubility and bioavailability. In the present study, chrysin was encapsulated into chitosan nanoparticles using TPP as a linker. The nanoparticles were characterized and investigated for their anti‐biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus. At sub‐Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, the nanoparticles exhibited enhanced anti‐biofilm efficacy against S. aureus as compared to its bulk counterparts, chrysin …

An Adolescent Female With Bipolar Disorder Presenting With Lithium-Induced Hyperthyroidism., Pratibha Rana, Patria Alba Aponte, Ghufran Babar

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Lithium therapy has been associated with several endocrine disorders including thyroid dysfunction, diabetes insipidus, and hyperparathyroidism. While its suppressive effect on thyroid function is well known, it is very rare to observe lithium-induced hyperthyroidism especially in the pediatric population. Here, we describe a case of lithium-induced hyperthyroidism in an adolescent female with bipolar disorder. The patient is a 17-year-old female who was treated with lithium for bipolar disorder and presented with symptoms and laboratory findings consistent with hyperthyroidism. Since thyroid autoantibodies were negative, thyroid dysfunction was attributed to lithium toxicity. Indeed, her clinical and biochemical hyperthyroid state resolved after stopping …

Pills And Spills: An Assessment Of Medications And Fall Risk In Older Patients, Kelly L. Covert, Courtney D. Hall

ETSU Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Mathematical Model Of Atm Activation And Chromatin Relaxation By Ionizing Radiation, Yongfeng Li, Francis A. Cucinotta

Healthcare Administration and Policy Faculty Research

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Predictors Of Impending Acute Chest Syndrome In Patients With Sickle Cell Anaemia., Salam Alkindi, Ikhlas Al-Busaidi, Bushra Al-Salami, Samir Raniga, Anil Pathare, Samir K. Ballas

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a major complication of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and a leading cause for hospital admissions and death. We aimed to study the spectrum of clinical and laboratory features of ACS and to assess the predisposing factors and predictors of severity. A retrospective case-control cohort was studied by retrieving patient information from electronic medical records after ethical approval. One hundred adolescents and adults with SCA and hospital admissions for ACS were identified through the discharge summaries, along with 20 additional patients presenting with VOC, but without ACS (controls). Among the patients with ACS, fever (>38.5 …

Accuracy Of Vital Signs Measurements By A Smartwatch And A Portable Health Device: Validation Study., Christina Hahnen, Cecilia G. Freeman, Nilanjan Haldar, Jacquelyn N. Hamati, Dylan M. Bard, Vignesh Murali, Geno J. Merli, Jeffrey I. Joseph, Noud Van Helmond

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: New consumer health devices are being developed to easily monitor multiple physiological parameters on a regular basis. Many of these vital sign measurement devices have yet to be formally studied in a clinical setting but have already spread widely throughout the consumer market.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy and precision of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and oxygen saturation (SpO₂) measurements of 2 novel all-in-one monitoring devices, the BodiMetrics Performance Monitor and the Everlast smartwatch.

METHODS: We enrolled 127 patients (>18 years) from the …

Steps-T Program Improves Endovascular Treatment Outcomes Of Acute Ischemic Stroke; A 6-Year Study, Ameer E. Hassan, Rani R. Rabah, Laurie Preston, Wondwossen G. Tekle

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Early endovascular recanalization of occluded vessels in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a major contributor to good clinical outcome. We report the analysis of all AIS patients throughout a 6-year experience following the deployment of a quality initiative aiming at improving care, speed and maintaining quality for AIS treatment.

Methods: Using a prospectively collected endovascular database at a comprehensive stroke center between 2012 and 2017, workflow/outcomes were recorded. There were no exclusion criteria. During the first year, a quality program employing “digital-object” technology, staff education, and workflow improvement was implemented to reduce time-to-treatment. Using electronic recording, workflow times were …

Evaluating The Performance Of The Who International Reference Standard For Osteoporosis Diagnosis In Postmenopausal Women Of Varied Polygenic Score And Race, Qing Wu, Xiangxue Xiao, Yingke Xu

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Background: Whether the bone mineral density (BMD) T-score performs differently in osteoporosis classification in women of different genetic profiling and race background remains unclear. Methods: The genomic data in the Women’s Health Initiative study was analyzed (n = 2417). The polygenic score (PGS) was calculated from 63 BMD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for each participant. The World Health Organization′s (WHO) definition of osteoporosis (BMD T-score ≤ −2.5) was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of fracture. Results: T-score classification significantly underestimated the risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) in the WHI study. An enormous underestimation was observed in African American …

I’M A Huntington’S Disease Gene Carrier At Age 60, So Why Haven't I Developed Symptoms Yet?, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Better Healthcare Achievable By Collaboration Between Two Medical Schools Of Thought, Adriene Michelle Lai

Augsburg Honors Review

There are two different medical schools of thought recognized by the United States: 1) the main-stream, allopathic (M.D.) school of thought, and 2) the osteopathic (D.O.) school of thought. A bias, unfortunately, exists between the two medical philosophies. Many in the medical community, and the general public, perceive individuals with an M.D. degree to be higher in prestige than those with D.O. degrees. In order to combat this preconceived notion between M.D.s and D.O.s, both medical communities have recently announced their transition to a unified graduate medical education (GME) accreditation system, in order to ensure that all medical students, regardless …

Participatory Art And Aging: Proposal For Dementia Prevention Strategy, Colette Brown

Augsburg Honors Review

As the population age increases, and Alzheimer's disease death rates increase, the need for dementia prevention therapies grows in relevance and necessity. A cooperative model for teaching Conceptual art to older adults is proposed as a dementia prevention strategy. Preventive benefits of the proposed strategy are preliminarily suggested to improve: l) cognitive reserve (CR), where a strong CR has been associated with longer lasting functionality in dementia patients; 2) cognitive lifestyle, a behavioral measure of CR; and 3) neuroplasticity, with promoting neuroplasticity being the goal of many non-pharmacological dementia prevention studies. Texts on art therapy, Conceptual art, social practice, neuroplasticity, …

A Comparative Study Of Machine Learning Approaches For Human Activity Recognition, Loknath Ambati, Omar El-Gayar

SDSU Data Science Symposium

The goal of this project is to study the performance of Machine Learning (ML) techniques used in Human Activity Recognition (HAR). Specifically, we aim to 1) evaluate and benchmark the performance of various ML techniques used for HAR against established ML performance metrics using multiple datasets, and 2) map the characteristics of various HAR datasets to appropriate ML techniques. From a theoretical perspective, the research will shed light into the strengths and weaknesses of various ML techniques that can provide insights into future research aimed at improving these techniques for HAR. From a practical perspective, the research provides guidance into …

Foreign Object Detection And Localization In Chest X-Rays Using Deep Learning, Amul Neupane, Kc Santosh

SDSU Data Science Symposium

Pulmonary abnormalities, such as Tuberculosis (TB), Asthma and/or Chronic obstructive are global threats. Nearly 1.6 million died from TB alone according to the WHO (World Health Organization) report 2019. Computer scientists together with medical experts have designed and reported automated screening systems for chest X-ray (CXR) images. However, most of the research works did not consider detecting foreign objects, such as buttons, coins, ring, pins, bone pieces and other medical devices (e.g. pacemaker) all together that can hinder the performance of automatic screening system. The circle-like foreign objects, such as coins are often confused with nodules, which is one of …

Cancer Stem Cells: Notes For Authors., Connie J Eaves, Martin Pera

Faculty Research 2020

Stem Cell Reports frequently receives manuscripts dealing with the topic of cancer stem cells. Many of the submissions on this topic have major shortcomings in their content or limits to the conclusions that can be drawn from the results presented. The purpose of this Commentary is to highlight some of the underlying issues so that authors can enhance the strength of their research contributions.

Toward Guidelines For Research On Human Embryo Models Formed From Stem Cells., Insoo Hyun, Megan Munsie, Martin F Pera, Nicolas C Rivron, Janet Rossant

Faculty Research 2020

Over the past few years, a number of research groups have reported striking progress on the generation of in vitro models from mouse and human stem cells that replicate aspects of early embryonic development. Not only do these models reproduce some key cell fate decisions but, especially in the mouse system, they also mimic the spatiotemporal arrangements of embryonic and extraembryonic tissues that are required for developmental patterning and implantation in the uterus. If such models could be developed for the early human embryo, they would have great potential benefits for understanding early human development, for biomedical science, and for …

Genomic Context And Tp53 Allele Frequency Define Clinical Outcomes In Tp53-Mutated Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Christopher B. Benton, Caleb A. Class, Kelly S. Chien, Koji Sasaki ,, Kiran Naqvi, Yesid Alvarado, Tapan M. Kadia, Farhad Ravandi, Naval Daver, Koichi Takahashi, Elias Jabbour, Gautham Borthakur, Naveen Pemmaraju, Marina Konopleva, Kelly A. Soltysiak, Sherry R. Pierce, Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos, Keyur P. Patel, Hagop Kantarjian, Guillermo Garcia-Manero

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

TP53 mutations are associated with adverse outcomes and shorter response to hypomethylating agents (HMAs) in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Limited data have evaluated the impact of the type, number, and patterns of TP53 mutations in response outcomes and prognosis of MDS. We evaluated the clinicopathologic characteristics, outcomes, and response to therapy of 261 patients with MDS and TP53 mutations. Median age was 68 years (range, 18-80 years). A total of 217 patients (83%) had a complex karyotype. TP53 mutations were detected at a median variant allele frequency (VAF) of 0.39 (range, 0.01-0.94). TP53 deletion was associated with lower overall response rate …

Early Comfort Care Following Operative Intervention For Traumatic Injury, Melissa Hoffman, Michaal Schurr, Rachel Morris, Terrie Smith, Sheri Denslow

General Surgery

See additional files.

Protocol For Correcting Residual Errors With Spectral, Ultrasound, Traditional Speech Therapy Randomized Controlled Trial (C-Results Rct), Tara Mcallister, Jonathan L. Preston, Elaine R. Hitchcock, Jennifer Hill

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: Speech sound disorder in childhood poses a barrier to academic and social participation, with potentially lifelong consequences for educational and occupational outcomes. While most speech errors resolve by the late school-age years, between 2 and 5% of speakers exhibit residual speech errors (RSE) that persist through adolescence or even adulthood. Previous findings from small-scale studies suggest that interventions incorporating visual biofeedback can outperform traditional motor-based treatment approaches for children with RSE, but this question has not been investigated in a well-powered randomized controlled trial. Methods/design: This project, Correcting Residual Errors with Spectral, ULtrasound, Traditional Speech therapy Randomized Controlled Trial …

Picture Perfect - Pediatric Ct Utilization In Trauma, Laura Strickland, Christa Zino Md

Pediatrics

See attached document.

Nanocatalytic Activity Of Clean-Surfaced, Faceted Nanocrystalline Gold Enhances Remyelination In Animal Models Of Multiple Sclerosis., Andrew P. Robinson, Joanne Zhongyan Zhang, Haley E. Titus, Molly Karl, Mikhail Merzliakov, Adam R. Dorfman, Stephen Karlik, Michael G G. Stewart, Richard K. Watt, Benjin D. Facer, Jon D. Facer, Noah D. Christian, Karen S. Ho, Michael T. Hotchkin, Mark G. Mortenson, Robert H. Miller, Stephen D. Miller

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Development of pharmacotherapies that promote remyelination is a high priority for multiple sclerosis (MS), due to their potential for neuroprotection and restoration of function through repair of demyelinated lesions. A novel preparation of clean-surfaced, faceted gold nanocrystals demonstrated robust remyelinating activity in response to demyelinating agents in both chronic cuprizone and acute lysolecithin rodent animal models. Furthermore, oral delivery of gold nanocrystals improved motor functions of cuprizone-treated mice in both open field and kinematic gait studies. Gold nanocrystal treatment of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in culture resulted in oligodendrocyte maturation and expression of myelin differentiation markers. Additional in vitro data demonstrated …

A Rare Case Of Perforated Jejunal Diverticulitis, Mohamed Nagi Md, Stanley Deturris Md, Ang Darwin

General Surgery

Introduction: Jejunal diverticulosis is a rare condition with clinical incidence of 0.5%. It is less common than colonic and duodenum diverticulosis. It is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally but it may cause chronic symptoms and acute complications. The aim of the case report to increase the awareness about the disease Case Report: This is a 56-year-old Caucasian male who presented with abdominal pain and fever and was diagnosed with transverse colon diverticulitis with microperforation on CT scan. Patient was treated nonoperatively with antibiotics and was discharged home. Two months later, he presented with similar recurrent abdominal pain and was found …

Global Longitudinal Strain And Cardiac Events In Patients With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Myocarditis., Magid Awadalla, Syed S Mahmood, John D Groarke, Malek Z O Hassan, Anju Nohria, Adam Rokicki, Sean P Murphy, Nathaniel D Mercaldo, Lili Zhang, Daniel A Zlotoff, Kerry L Reynolds, Raza M Alvi, Dahlia Banerji, Shiying Liu, Lucie M Heinzerling, Maeve Jones-O'Connor, Rula B Bakar, Justine V Cohen, Michael C Kirchberger, Ryan J Sullivan, Dipti Gupta, Connor P Mulligan, Sachin P Shah, Sarju Ganatra, Muhammad A. Rizvi Md, Gagan Sahni, Carlo G Tocchetti, Donald P Lawrence, Michael Mahmoudi, Richard B Devereux, Brian J Forrestal, Anant Mandawat, Alexander R Lyon, Carol L Chen, Ana Barac, Judy Hung, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Michael H Picard, Franck Thuny, Stephane Ederhy, Michael G Fradley, Tomas G Neilan

Department of Medicine

BACKGROUND: There is a need for improved methods for detection and risk stratification of myocarditis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a sensitive marker of cardiac toxicity among patients receiving standard chemotherapy. There are no data on the use of GLS in ICI myocarditis.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the role of GLS and assess its association with cardiac events among patients with ICI myocarditis.

METHODS: This study retrospectively compared echocardiographic GLS by speckle tracking at presentation with ICI myocarditis (cases, n = 101) to that from patients receiving an ICI who did not …

International Standards For Fetal Brain Structures Based On Serial Ultrasound Measurements From The Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study Of The Intergrowth-21 St Project, Raffaele Napolitano, Malid Molloholli, Vera Donadono, Eric O. Ohuma, Sikolia Wanyonyi, Bryn Kemp, Mohammad K. Yaqub, Stephen Ash, Fernando C. Barros, Maria Carvalho

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objective: To create prescriptive growth standards for five fetal brain structures, measured by ultrasound, from healthy, well-nourished women, at low risk of impaired fetal growth and poor perinatal outcomes, taking part in the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study (FGLS) of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project.

Methods: This was a complementary analysis of a large, population-based, multicentre, longitudinal study. We measured, in planes reconstructed from 3-dimensional (3D) ultrasound volumes of the fetal head at different time points in pregnancy, the size of the parieto-occipital fissure (POF), Sylvian fissure (SF), anterior horn of the lateral ventricle (AV), atrium of the posterior ventricle (PV) and cisterna …

The Project Talent Twin And Sibling Study: Zygosity And New Data Collection, Carol A. Prescott, Ellen E. Walters, Thalida Em Arpawong, Catalina Zavala, Tara L. Gruenewald, Margaret Gatz

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

The Project Talent Twin and Sibling (PTTS) study includes 4481 multiples and their 522 nontwin siblings from 2233 families. The sample was drawn from Project Talent, a U.S. national longitudinal study of 377,000 individuals born 1942–1946, first assessed in 1960 and representative of U.S. students in secondary school (Grades 9–12). In addition to the twins and triplets, the 1960 dataset includes 84,000 siblings from 40,000 other families. This design is both genetically informative and unique in facilitating separation of the ‘common’ environment into three sources of variation: shared by all siblings within a family, specific to twin-pairs, and associated with …